old system construction of wooden and stone houses provided for a system of insulation during the construction process. Insulation was not singled out as a separate area of ​​work, it was carried out along with the construction of walls and was a matter of course. Now the concern is how to properly insulate frame house, is the main one for builders.

The procedure for warming work

The building materials market does not suffer from a lack of insulation for walls, floors and ceilings. Each owner wants to choose something unusual, but natural and not harmful to health, so that it is thorough, long-lasting and inexpensive. The intensity of heat transfer greatly affects not only your health, mood and warmth in the house, but also the state of your wallet, as heating services become more important. Therefore, you most often have to insulate the frame house with your own hands.

Insulation is an inevitable process of any construction, the need to insulate floors and ceilings is caused by their very design feature.

This part of the work requires as much attention as the construction of the frame itself. can be produced using various technologies:

• By outer wall, attic and subfloor;
• along the inside of the walls and along the ceiling;
• both outside and inside the house;
• uneven insulation of different parts of the building.

At the same time, there are various methods works, when using which the walls retain maximum heat in the frame house.

If the builders did not carry out the insulation work clearly enough, they will have to roll up their sleeves and finish, redo, bring the insulation “to mind”, starting from the walls and ending with the underground, or even with their own hands again. At the same time, it is important to systematically, purposefully and carefully insulate all the areas listed above. The ceiling is subject to denser insulation, and the insulation layer should be much larger than on the walls - by 25-50%. Close attention should be paid to both external and internal wall insulation, and floor insulation should not be ignored.

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Types of insulation for a frame house

Wall insulation does not present any structural features or difficulties even for a non-professional. The only difficulty is the choice of insulation. Heaters are produced in two categories - on a synthetic basis and on the basis of natural ingredients. The most commonly used insulation materials for frame houses:

• expanded polystyrene;
• Styrofoam;
• ecowool;
• mineral wool.

which is subdivided according to the material of manufacture into:

• glass;
• slag;
• stone.

Expanded polystyrene has an aluminum layer, which significantly improves its thermal insulation. The foil gives it, in addition to increased thermal insulation qualities, also moisture and steam resistance. This technology allows you to reduce the thickness of the insulation, while maintaining the same properties. Produced in sheet and roll form. For wall stickers, it can be produced with a self-adhesive surface.

The main disadvantage of foam, if outside, is Negative influence sunlight, leading to its destruction. This insulation for outdoor use needs protection. This protection can be paint or plaster. Its advantages include a wide choice of material thickness, fire resistance and environmental safety.

Mineral wool gained its popularity due to not only good thermal insulation properties, but also excellent fire resistance and excellent sound absorption. This material does not shrink over time. Available in rolls and also in sheet format.

Ecowool is made from cellulose fibers. valuable environmental cleanliness. When dry, it is rammed into the piers, and moistened with water is applied to the interframe gaps of the walls. The possibility of glass wool is used extremely rarely due to a number of serious drawbacks. These include the fragility of the fibers, resulting in the formation of glass dust, which negatively affects health throughout the entire period of operation. This type of insulation is subject to shrinkage.

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Pitfalls in insulation

Mineral wool, made on the basis of slag, becomes aggressive towards metals when moisture enters, and it has a very low level of heat saving. Cotton wool, which is based on basalt, stone wool - a great opportunity insulate frame walls. Environmentally friendly, durable, with good insulating properties in terms of thermal conductivity and vapor permeability, as well as excellent fire-fighting properties.

However, if there are good heaters on the market, the desire still runs into problems. They consist in the difference between the vapor, moisture and heat permeability of the insulation. Styrofoam, for example, has good moisture resistance, but its heat resistance leaves much to be desired, while mineral wool, on the contrary, has problems with moisture protection. That is, it is necessary to insulate the frame walls, having previously distributed the insulation according to the degree of resistance to various environments.

The use of mineral wool should be limited when warming the house from the outside or provide protection from moisture, otherwise the heat insulator can become a heat conductor. But on the other hand, the frame house must have air exchange with external environment. Natural heat insulators are good in this regard, such as:

• clay;
• tyrsa;
• straw.

They carry out natural heat exchange, maintain the optimal mode of humidity in the room, and provide protection from noise. Being involved as a heater on, they clearly fulfill their functions, predetermined by nature itself. But working with them is a long and laborious process, unacceptable for our high-speed age.

To prevent the appearance of excess moisture and steam, as well as to effectively collect them, glassine is used. This old companion of wall insulation is attached inside the outer skin of the frame. It allows you to leave dry insulation, which performs the main function - heat retention. At the same time, a gap is necessarily left between it and the insulation to allow the glassine to dry and prevent the insulation from getting wet. The air layer, in addition, in itself will be a natural thermal protection, complementing the main insulation and creating a healthy microclimate in the house.

Understanding how to insulate a frame house for winter living will allow you to use it all year round. The sound insulation in the house, comfort and durability depend on how well the technologies are followed.

Insulation options

Before carrying out work, it should be determined whether the thermal insulation will be inside or outside the building. To do this, you need to know the features of each option.

External insulation:

1. Does not disturb the interior of the house.
2. A wooden wall located inside the room can save heating, as it accumulates heat.
3. Insulation protects the facade of the building from adverse effects environment(moisture, high or low temperatures, etc.).

Insulation of the house from the outside

Internal insulation:

1. Has good sound insulation.
2. There are no hard requirements.
3. Vapor barrier and waterproofing materials are not required.

Insulation of the house inside

However this method has a number of disadvantages, for example:

• dismantling of the interior decoration of the room where thermal insulation will be installed;
• accumulation of moisture in the room, which reduces the life of the building;
• insulation inside the room does not save the facade of the building from negative impact external factors.

Features of insulation

The preparatory stage of building insulation for winter and summer does not differ depending on the material chosen. The difference concerns only the process of its installation. Each of the materials used has its own characteristics.

Using Styrofoam and XPS

Styrofoam is considered the warmest material, but it is not the best option for insulation. wooden buildings.

The use of foam as a heater

Features of using these materials:

1. Before laying the foam, with the help of mounting foam, it is necessary to remove all the cracks and irregularities, since this material does not fit tightly.
2. Expanded polystyrene should not be located near sources of combustion, as the material is combustible.
3. Styrofoam does not allow air to pass through, so you need to take care of the ventilation of the room, otherwise the walls in the room may become moldy.
4. Expanded polystyrene must be used together with waterproofing and vapor barrier, as it does not allow moisture to pass through.

Using ecowool

This material has not been used for a very long time, however, it can be used in the process of warming frame and other types of buildings. The main features of this material are as follows:

1. Laying of this material can be done both with the help of a special tool and without it. Using the tool significantly improves the thermal insulation characteristics of the room.
2. Ecowool perfectly absorbs moisture, so the installation of waterproofing and vapor barrier should be treated with more responsibility.
3. Ecowool shrinks, so it should be applied with a margin.
4. When applying it, you should use personal protective equipment.

House insulation with ecowool

Important! Wall insulation with ecowool should be carried out by qualified specialists.

The use of expanded clay

Expanded clay is used much less often, as it has worse characteristics compared to similar materials. Its main features:

1. Most often used for and floors, as well as interfloor ceilings.
2. It is mainly combined with sawdust, ash and similar materials.
3. Expanded clay is best used in small fractions, so there will be fewer empty spaces.

The use of expanded clay for the insulation of frame houses

How to choose a heater

Before you start construction work, you need to decide how best to insulate the frame house. Insulation for residential premises must have the following characteristics:

1. Environmentally friendly - should not emit substances harmful to human life and health.
2. Fire safety - the material used should not allow fire to spread, and also should not emit a lot of smoke.
3. Low thermal conductivity.
4. Durability - the insulation should fit tightly and easily and not change shape over time.
5. Inexpensive.

Important! These characteristics are more suitable for expanded polystyrene and.

To choose the right material for insulation, you should know what the pros and cons are endowed with each.

Styrofoam

It has a small weight, which is very important in the insulation of a frame house. This material tolerates temperature extremes well, and is also not afraid of moisture and does not freeze. That is why buildings with its use are durable and low cost.

Insulation with expanded polystyrene

Among the disadvantages are:

• flammable - flammable;
• subject to mechanical and chemical damage;
• does not allow air to pass through, which is why the humidity in the room is constantly increased.

Often, foam is installed on the outside of the house.

Styrofoam insulation outside the building

This material can be replaced with a similar one, namely, penoplex, which is more resistant to various damages, but has a high cost.

Mineral wool

The most popular material in construction, which can be in the form of rolls, mats and slabs. Mineral wool has high rates in environmental friendliness, lightness, thermal insulation and sound insulation. Buildings with its use are characterized by a long service life.

Important! Cotton wool in the form of slabs (basalt) does not burn.

When insulating, it is important to pay special attention to waterproofing, since over time, cotton wool sags and cakes, besides, when wet, it loses its properties and becomes an excellent medium for the formation of mold.

How is insulation made?

In order to end up with a warm frame house, its walls must be insulated from the inside and outside. The process is almost the same, with a few exceptions.

Warming outside

For the outside, it is best to choose the cross method.

The insulation is always laid with a run-up of seams to avoid the appearance of blown cracks.

• The frame of the building is sheathed with OSB-plates, which should have gaps of 2-3 mm. Subsequently, they need to foam.

This is what OSB boards look like

• Next, waterproofing is stretched, which protects both the walls of the house and the insulation from moisture and other adverse environmental influences. Usually, waterproofing has self-adhesive strips, if there are none, the knocks between them should be sealed with adhesive tape.

Connection of insulation joints

• Each layer of insulation should be laid in such a way as to overlap the previous one by 15-20 cm.
• The thickness of the insulation is approximately 15 cm.
• After laying the insulation, all voids are filled mounting foam.

Wall insulation inside the house

After the frame house is fully insulated for winter living, you can proceed to interior decoration. For this:

1. The first layer of thermal insulation is laid, the thickness of which is 5 cm.
2. Then the insulation is laid in the frame house, the thickness of which is 10 cm. The entire frame between the racks is filled with it.
3. Then a vapor barrier is attached, which prevents steam from entering the insulation. They are laid with the rough side outward, and the smooth side to the thermal insulation.
4. Bars are installed on top of it.

Important! The insulation cannot be pushed by force and rammed, since the heat in the room depends on the voids inside it.

Insulation is also installed in the partitions between the rooms. For the most part, it is required for soundproofing. For this, plates with a layer of 10 mm are installed. No vapor barrier is required here, as the temperature in the separated rooms will be the same.

Instead of a vapor barrier, glassine is used here. It prevents dust from the thermal insulation from entering the room.

Do not forget about the insulation of the corners in the frame house. It can be done different ways. So, a warm corner can be made by constructing a structure of two boards, with special stands made of blocks, and insulate the space between such structures mineral wool.

Ceiling insulation

Work is best done before the roof is fully assembled, so it will not interfere with the packing density.

The whole process of warming consists of the following steps:

• Inside the house, on the ceiling beams, a vapor barrier is stretched, and a board 25 mm thick is stuffed on it.

Ceiling beams and vapor barrier

• A heater is laid on top, between which there should be no voids, tightly overlapping each layer.

Important! When laying the insulation on the ceiling, you should make a small ledge on the walls.

• If insulation is not required in the attic, then the membrane film should not be stretched. A board or plywood is nailed to the floor of the attic.
• If it is not possible to insulate the ceiling from the outside, then this is done inside, while it should be tied up so that it does not fall off. After that, sew on waterproofing, and then - a board or plywood.

Indoor ceiling waterproofing

Roof insulation

Often in a frame house, both the roof and the ceiling are insulated. This happens in cases where the attic is used as a second floor for housing and is heated.

The process of work is practically no different from the insulation of the ceiling. The only exception is the moment that when the roof is insulated, waterproofing is necessarily stretched over the material, which will protect it from environmental influences.

Features of roof insulation:

1. It is better to insulate from the outside, since doing it inside is inconvenient and unsafe. Many materials tend to crumble on the face.
2. After installed rafter system, a vapor barrier is hemmed from below, on which sheathing material, board or plywood is stuffed.
3. Insulation sheets are placed outside. This is done in the same way as when insulating walls, ceilings, etc.
4. A waterproofing is placed on top, on which a counter-lattice, a crate and a roof are installed.

The roof is insulated inside only if it is fully assembled.

Roof insulation

Floor insulation

Floor insulation should start with preparatory work. This should be done before installing the frame of the house.

If the land where the building is located is clay with high level water, then a water drainage system should be done.

After that, inside the foundation, the soil is removed by 40-50 cm and installed drainage system. After it is covered with a sand and gravel pillow. After that, you can install the frame.

Floor insulation

In case this step is skipped, expanded clay can be used. To do this, the surface is first leveled, and then the above material is poured. It is desirable that it has fractions from 10-40 mm in its composition. After that, you can equip the floor.

How to choose a filler

by the most the best insulation for the floor, mineral wool, polyester, steel shavings, etc. are considered. They are easy to install, use, environmentally friendly and fireproof. However, they have increased requirements for vapor barrier and waterproofing.

You can also use materials such as:

1. Polystyrene - it is lightweight, resistant to adverse effects and has a long service life. It can be ordinary (less durable, fireproof) and extruded - it has low thermal conductivity and moisture absorption.

Such a heater is easy to fit: the sheets are placed close to each other, installed edging tape all around the floor.

1. Expanded clay and slag - has low thermal conductivity and is light in weight.
2. - this is an insulating foil, which is rarely used as an independent insulation.
3. Edge Tape – This is used to trim the entire perimeter of the house before the insulation is installed.

Floor insulation step by step

Floor insulation in a frame house is carried out between the profiles. That is why it is better to choose a dry screed, it is easier to work with it.

Ground warming process:

1. Sand and gravel must be well tamped, then install brick columns. It will not be the basis for the profiles.
2. Waterproofing installation. It can be bituminous paper or plastic wrap. Its height depends on the level of the floor, it should be borne in mind that the waterproofing should protrude slightly onto the walls.
3. At the junction of the floor and walls, it is necessary to leave a small gap, edge insulation will be laid in it.

Stages of floor insulation on the ground

The simplest floor insulation technology is made from bulk materials. Such a heater is carried out perpendicular to the lags around the entire perimeter of the room, while pressing it tightly.

Floor insulation with tiles

The basis of the floor does not play any role in the technology of laying insulation, however, this should be taken into account when choosing a material for these purposes. So, if logs are based on the floor, then a mineral wool slab is best suited as a heater, and hard materials are best for a concrete floor. In any case, the process of laying thermal insulation is as follows:

1. After laying the log, on both sides to the bottom, the bars are stuffed and the flooring is assembled from antiseptic tongue-and-groove boards.
2. On top of this, parchment is spread - this is roofing paper impregnated with bitumen.
3. A heater is placed on top.
4. After that, a vapor barrier film is placed, which protects the insulation from condensation.

What work is carried out after warming the house

After the thermal insulation is installed, it is the turn to equip the carrier system for the ventilated cladding, as well as the plane for finishing. As for the finish, here the wind and hydroprotection of the insulation can be provided by a layer of plaster.

As for the exterior finish, then you should take care of the installation of panels in advance. In order for the crate to be strong enough, the frame posts must be installed frequently. After fixing the waterproof membrane with brackets to the frame, it is knocked out with slats, the thickness of which is about 25-30 mm. This ensures that water that has entered inside can run off, as well as ventilation.

The wall of a frame house looks like this: inner lining - vapor barrier - insulation - wooden frame - membrane - counter-lattice - facade decoration.

Exterior decoration of the house after insulation

When arranging walls for plastering, sheet materials are used that perfectly remove steam and prevent condensation. Sheets exclude blowing of a heater.

The inner wall looks like this: inner cladding - vapor barrier - wooden frame - insulation - membrane - counter battens - outer cladding - base plaster - plaster mesh - plaster.

Recently, frame houses are gaining more and more popularity. Therefore, you should know how to insulate a frame house so that it is suitable for living in both winter and summer. However, it should be borne in mind that the insulation must also be reliably protected from the negative effects of the environment, because the moisture that has got into it leads to the formation of condensate, and it has a detrimental effect on this material. Therefore, it is imperative to use high-quality waterproofing.

The article talks about how the frame house is insulated from the outside under the siding. It is considered what heaters can be used in this case, as well as step by step process laying thermal insulation material and frame under the siding. If you understand the information received, you will understand what and why the craftsmen do and will be able to ask the right questions when discussing the work and selecting materials.

Insulation of a frame house, before sheathing with siding Source stroyfora.ru

What is siding

This is a material for the external cladding of the walls of the house, the purpose of which is to protect the walls from natural loads (rain, snow, wind, etc.), plus decorate them. Modern market building materials offers today several inputs of siding:

vinyl from polyvinyl chloride;

metal from a galvanized iron sheet up to 0.8 mm thick, painted or decorated to match various building materials;

wooden, this is a type of lining;

cement, decorated under a stone;

ceramic.

The last two are heavy materials, so they try not to use them for frame houses.

Siding differs in colors and appearance Source eurodomik.ru

insulation for siding

It is necessary to immediately indicate that the entire structure of the siding installation is a ventilated facade. That is, it is a frame that is attached to the wall of the house at a short distance. The siding panels themselves are attached to it, respectively. The gap between the cladding and the wall surface is left specifically so that wet vapors do not settle on the wall planes, but are removed outside the building.

It is this gap that allows you to install a heat-insulating layer in yourself. In this case, the insulation is selected in terms of thickness in such a way that a small air gap additionally remains between the siding and the heat-insulating cake. That is, a ventilated facade will perform its functions even in this form.

Video description

We will dwell in more detail on the insulation of the house with foam plastic. Find out how safe polystyrene foam is in our video:

When choosing how to insulate a house from the outside under siding, most often they pay attention to two materials that are recommended for thermal insulation of wooden houses from the outside. These are mineral wool in mats and expanded polystyrene plates (preferably extruded). Everything is clear with polystyrene foam. It is durable, with a high coefficient of moisture resistance, hydrophobic (that is, does not absorb moisture). Its only disadvantage is the material that supports combustion and belongs to the combustion class G3 and G4, depending on its density.

Mineral wool in mats Source productspec.co.nz

As for mineral wool, this material is hydrophobic. And this is its only disadvantage. Therefore, when installing mineral wool on ventilated facades, protective films are used to protect the insulation from the negative effects of high humidity. But this drawback is also eliminated by manufacturers who today produce moisture-resistant type mineral wool. It does not need to be protected from moisture.

Mineral wool has one property that distinguishes it from the entire range of thermal insulation materials. This is one hundred percent incombustibility, referring it to the class "NG". Therefore, who is going to insulate a log house from the outside under stone wool siding, our recommendations. the best option You can't find. This applies not only to log houses, but also to all structures built from wood, which include frame buildings.

As for the price component, mineral wool and polystyrene foam boards differ in cost from each other. For example, the average price of mineral wool with a thickness of 100 mm per 1 m² is 1000 rubles. Styrofoam plates of the same size - an average of 1200-1500 rubles.

Expanded polystyrene plates Source remontik.org

On our website you can find contacts construction companies, which offer the service of calculating and carrying out work on the insulation of houses on a turnkey basis. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Insulation installation technology

So, in order to insulate the house with siding, it is necessary to build a frame on the walls first of all. But beforehand, everything that will interfere with the installation process is removed from the wall surfaces: drains, shutters, grilles and other accessories. Then wooden surfaces treated with antiseptic and flame retardant compounds. The first protects the wood from the appearance of harmful microorganisms, the second from fire. Apply the compositions with a brush, roller or spray gun.

Construction of a ventilated facade frame

First of all, it is determined how thick the insulation will be used for the heat-insulating layer. For wooden buildings, this is 100 mm. Therefore, the gap between the siding and the walls of the house will be slightly larger than this indicator, by about 2-5 cm.

As for the material from which the frame of the ventilated facade is constructed, there are two options:

wooden blocks with a section of 50x50 mm;

metal profile, which is used for the installation of drywall.

Metal frame for siding Source: montazh-saidinga.ru

For many reasons, the second option is better than the first. Metal under the influence of changes in outdoor humidity and temperature does not warp, does not rot and does not change its size. True, this is a more expensive option. But experts are advised to use it. By the way, the rack profile "PS" with dimensions of either 50x50 or 50x75 mm is used in the frame.

Insulation and frame elements are selected and purchased. Now you need to make markings on the wall. The frame parameters are based on the length of the siding. There is a fairly large size range depending on raw material And specifications production. For example, metal siding is produced up to 8 m long, vinyl within 2.5-3.8 m, wooden - 3 m. It is important that two adjacent panels are joined on the same profile. And already under each siding product, several frame profiles are installed. The main thing is that the facing panels do not bend. Therefore, the optimal installation step for the vertical racks of the frame is 1-1.5 m.

Source viteko.ucoz.ru

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses, the decoration of which used frame technology - from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

But there is one subtlety here. If the wall in its design does not have windows and doors, then the markings are applied from any corner to the opposite with the step indicated above. If windows and doors are present, then the markings are carried out from their edges. That is, the frame racks must be present at the edges of the mounting openings. Therefore, in these places, vertical lines are applied along the walls. And then from them to the right and to the left lay lines in increments of 1-1.2 m.

Rack profile to the walls wooden house fastened with direct suspensions. The latter are installed along the drawn lines in increments of 0.5-1 m. Wood screws are used for fastening.

Video description

Visually about the technology of a ventilated facade, see the video:

It may seem to many that further it is required to assemble the frame. But in the technology of warming a wooden house for siding, the next stage is the installation of heat-insulating material. It is simply laid on the wall from the bottom up, tightly pressing the plates or mats to each other. Then, in the same way, adjacent rows are laid vertically.

If there are windows and doors on the wall, then laying begins to be carried out from the edges of the openings. The main task of the manufacturer of works is to assemble the insulation with whole slabs around windows and doors. And at the edges of the walls (corners), lay the material cut to the required dimensions. At the same time, installation at the windows begins from the bottom, filling the area from the opening to the foundation of the house.

Insulation is laid on direct suspensions Source ecokrov.com

As for the installed direct suspensions, then in the places of their passage through the insulation, through holes are made in the latter. Thermal insulation material is simply put on the fasteners. When the entire insulation layer is laid on the walls, they proceed to the installation of a metal profile. It is important here that all elements are located in the same vertical plane.

Therefore, first install two racks in opposite corners of the building. They are placed vertically, as well as horizontally among themselves.

The racks are fastened to direct suspensions with metal screws (bugs).

Three or four rows of strong thread are pulled between the installed profiles.

Intermediate frame elements are mounted along the threads with fastening to suspensions.

The frame for the ventilated facade is ready, the insulation is laid, you can proceed to lining the walls with siding.

A simple option for warming a frame house

Frame houses are almost ready-made structures, on the elements of which you can immediately lay siding. In fact, these are structures made of vertical racks tied from below and above with beams. The photo below shows the frame of such a house.

Source gran-nt.ru

To insulate such a house, you just need to lay heat-insulating material between the racks with a layer 100 mm thick. After that, the vapor barrier is laid on the racks in horizontal stripes. Laying is carried out from the bottom up with an overlap of the upper strips on the lower ones in the amount of 10-15 cm. The joint is closed with a self-adhesive tape.

After that, they are vertically stuffed along the racks wooden slats with a section of 50x50 cm. They will create a ventilation gap between the insulation and the siding. And already on the rails they install and attach siding to them.

Video description

How to insulate a frame house with siding cladding with mineral wool is shown in the video:

Conclusion on the topic

So, the article discussed the topics of the better to insulate the walls of a wooden house from the outside under the siding, and also described the technology for assembling the frame of a ventilated facade with laying a heat-insulating layer. In fact, it should be noted that the technology of finishing the walls of houses with siding is simple. The whole question comes down to one thing - to assemble the frame correctly. In the construction of frame houses, this is not even necessary, because the building itself is already intended to lay heat-insulating material in its walls. That simplifies technology to a minimum. And yet we recommend that you pay special attention to the choice of insulation for the walls of a wooden house outside under the siding. As mentioned above, the optimal solution is mineral wool.

Frame houses are built quickly and are inexpensive. If you plan to use the building during the warm period, they are often limited to the regular insulation provided for by the project. But over time, there may be a desire to travel outside the city, not only in the summer. To make living in it comfortable, it is necessary to insulate the frame house.

It is preferable to insulate the frame house at the construction stage, but the finished structure can also be made warmer. The industry produces a number of materials that not only have heat-insulating properties, but also help to improve sound insulation. The most popular heaters are mineral wool, glass wool, expanded polystyrene, ecowool, foam plastic. Bulk materials can also be used for this purpose.

Warming is carried out both inside and outside. Each of the technologies has its own characteristics. To install the heat-insulating layer from the outside, several methods are used:

• hinged;
• wet;
• spraying a liquid heat insulator;
• facing.

Inside, expanded polystyrene is more often used or sprayed with ecowool, penoizol, polyurethane. Also used different kinds sheathing: reinforced plaster, which is puttied and pasted over with wallpaper. Painting or installation of decorative panels from MDF, lining or plasterboard is possible. The last option requires the application of a decorative coating. The most reliable is the cross-insulation of a frame house.

Popular heaters

Warming a frame house with mineral wool, which has several varieties, is the most common way to prepare a room for winter. Mineral wool is produced in the form of rolls, plates and cylinders. Cylinders are ideal for pipeline insulation. Rolls are used to cover all interior surfaces of residential buildings, while slabs are suitable for those structures that must withstand heavy loads.

Vata differs in composition. Stone (basalt) is made from rocks formed as a result of a volcanic eruption. The source material is gabbro-basalt rocks. Basalt wool can withstand temperatures up to 1200 0 C. Stone wool is distinguished by high density and low thermal conductivity, the material is not combustible, and is an excellent sound insulator.

Glass wool is made from sand, soda, dolomite and cullet. Long fibers make it more durable than stone. The elastic material easily restores its shape after deformation.

Glass wool can be used at temperatures from +45 0 to -60 0 C. It is resistant to chemical attack, does not react with metal. This material does not shrink, is frost-resistant, has low hygroscopicity, is light, and is a good sound absorber. However, it cannot be used to insulate chimneys, as it burns out with prolonged contact with hot surfaces.

Slag wool is a type of mineral wool obtained from recycled blast-furnace slag. Contains many harmful compounds, not applicable for internal insulation. Low price and high heat-insulating, sound-absorbing properties, ease of installation, long service life lead to the fact that this unsafe material is widely used in construction.

Important! When working with mineral wool, it is very important to take into account the fragility of its fibers. You can work with it only in glasses and a respirator, protecting your hands with gloves. Contact with skin and mucous membranes can cause irritation and allergic reactions.

Work order

If a decision is made to insulate the frame house with your own hands - step-by-step instruction looks something like this:

• covering the walls with a heat insulator from the outside;
• wall covering from the inside;
• hydro and thermal insulation of the floor;
• hydro and thermal insulation of the ceiling;
• window work.

Warming outside

Hinged method

Horizontal bars with a section of 50x50 mm are stuffed along the outer walls of the house. The distance between the bars should be 1 cm less than the width of the selected insulation. The heat-insulating material is selected with a thickness of at least 5 cm. The insulation blocks are placed between the bars so that they enter between the guides with force. A waterproofing is stuffed over the crate with heat-insulating material, which will protect the insulation from getting wet and will serve as a barrier to the wind. Sheets of a moisture-proof membrane are overlapped to eliminate the formation of gaps.

Another crate is stuffed over the film, the task of which is to create an air gap between the insulation and the fine finish. Siding is most often used as an external coating, it is possible to finish with a board with subsequent painting. It looks great as an external covering for a blockhouse, but the price of such a finish is quite high. This method of wall insulation is called hinged.

wet way

The frame house is insulated with polystyrene foam using a wet method. The wet method of facade insulation consists in fixing the thermal insulator plates on an adhesive base. Work begins with the removal of the old coating and leveling the walls. Then the surface is primed with a deep penetrating primer. The starting bar is attached to the wall, it should be 25-30 cm below the floor of the first floor. The thickness of the strip is chosen equal to the thickness of the insulation, which is usually used as foam plastic or basalt slabs.

Polyurethane adhesive is heated to room temperature, shaken, then applied with a special gun. You can also use a cement mixture by adding 0.3 parts of water to 1 part of the dry mixture and mixing thoroughly. Such an adhesive base must be used up in the first 3 hours after preparation.

The glue is applied to the plate with a notched trowel and glued starting from the bottom. The layout of the plates is used the same as in brickwork to avoid vertical cracks. The resulting cracks are foamed. After the glue has dried, the plates are reinforced with plastic dowels. Then an adhesive layer is applied to the wall, into which a reinforcing mesh is embedded. After drying, another adhesive layer is applied.

The resulting surface is sanded, primed and coated with paint. Above such a facade, a visor for water drainage should be mounted.

Insulation of a frame house with foam plastic, that is, extruded polystyrene foam, is carried out in the same way as with foam plastic. Both of these materials perfectly protect from the cold, but are fire hazard! It is necessary to remember this when choosing them for thermal insulation.

Spraying liquid heat insulator

For this, polyurethane foam is used. The advantages of the method include obtaining a continuous layer that excludes cold bridges. Polyurethane foam is distinguished by strength, frost resistance, resistance to chemical attack. On the other hand, the material ages under the influence of ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes. Blowing foam between walls can lead to damage due to excessive expansion of the heat insulator. The main disadvantage of polyurethane foam is its high flammability. The use of the material requires increased fire safety measures.

The wall is cleaned of dirt and dust, a crate is mounted on it. Semi-rigid type polyurethane foam is applied to the wall under high pressure. Work is carried out in a protective suit.

After the foam hardens, the excess is cut off. Plaster is applied over the coating, or painted with acrylic or silicate dyes. From above, the facade is covered with vinyl siding or sheathed with clapboard.

Insulation by cladding

It is based on covering the walls with clinker facade thermal panels. This is a cross between a thermal insulator and a finishing material. Thermal panels are a sandwich structure consisting of polyurethane foam, marble chips and decorative ceramics made from refractory shale clay - clinker tiles. This finish has excellent thermal insulation properties, high strength and durability, attractive appearance. The decorative surface is not afraid of mechanical influences. The cost of such a coating is high, but the ability to use clinker tiles for finishing any type of wall and do without repair makes it attractive to the consumer.

The walls of a frame house can also be insulated with expanded clay, although this method is not very suitable for lightweight structures, because the walls must withstand the load of the insulation itself. But in favor of expanded clay speaks its low price.

Expanded clay is distinguished by:

• high density;
• increased thermal conductivity;
• poor moisture absorption and poor water loss.

Using expanded clay as a wall insulation, care must be taken to strengthen the internal and external rough finish. However, it is better to use this material for the floor and ceiling, and cover the walls with other, more modern heat insulators.

Warming from the inside

The insulation of the frame house from the inside is made two-layer. The first layer 5 cm thick is laid flush with the logs and jibs. The second layer of 10 cm is laid between the uprights and is closed from above with a vapor barrier. The film is laid with a smooth side to the thermal insulation. The strips are overlapped, the seams between them are glued with adhesive tape.

Important! Thermal insulation must completely fill all the gaps, it cannot be rammed.

Interior partitions are also supplied with a heat-insulating layer that performs soundproofing functions and prevents the formation of drafts. If the slabs are laid in 2 layers, then the laying is done with a spaced seam. Vapor barrier in the interior partitions is not needed, but the insulation is covered with glassine on both sides so that the particles of the fibers do not penetrate into the room.

Floor insulation

For the correct arrangement of the frame house, it is necessary to make thermal insulation of the floor. In this case, the same scheme is used as for internal wall insulation. Foam or mineral wool is used as a heater. To do this, they dismantle the finishing floor, clean the internal surfaces, lay waterproofing and make a frame for insulation boards. Plates should be placed as close as possible to one another. Another layer of film is laid on top, covered with OSB or boards, on top of which a finishing coating is mounted.

Ceiling covering methods

Thermal insulation of the ceiling and roof are the most important components of home insulation. Most of the energy escapes through the upper structures. The ceiling can be covered with layers of mineral wool or foam, while the work is carried out both from the inside of the room and in the attic, closing the ceiling from above. The method of installation of insulation is similar to that used on the floor.

The internal method will avoid the appearance of excessive humidity in the room, but will take away part of the volume of the room. The outer one is easier, because working on the lower surface will not be as difficult as standing with the tool raised up.

beneficial effect on temperature regime in the house and roof insulation. To do this, a crate is mounted under the roof, which is filled with slabs of the selected material. Waterproofing is stretched under the slabs, covering both the roof and the beams with foil.

A beam with a section of 50x50 mm is stuffed between the rafters, plates are laid in the resulting boxes. The width of the plates should slightly exceed the gap of the box so that the insulation enters between the guides with force. A vapor barrier film is stretched over the plates and the ceiling is covered with drywall.

Windows and doors

To eliminate heat loss through windows, it is best to install double-glazed windows. But old windows can also serve as protection from the cold if they are repaired.

All broken and cracked glass should be replaced, the joints between the glass and the frame should be treated with silicone. All cracks in the frames must be puttied or sealed with sealant, and then painted.

If the drafts could not be defeated, it is necessary to identify the cracks through which heat loss occurs, and seal them with mounting foam. All opening parts should be glued with a sealant, and those that will not open in winter should be plugged with cotton wool or wet newspapers. Paper tape is glued on top. It holds heat well, and in the spring it will be removed without problems.

Doors must be upholstered around the edges with felt or a rubber strip. Cold door leaf it makes sense to insulate the same way as the walls. Transverse bars are stuffed onto the canvas, between which a heater is laid. OSB or plywood is stuffed over the structure.

The construction of frame structures has become popular due to its simplicity. The process comes down to elementary actions, something like collecting objects from a Lego constructor. Insulation of a frame house is also done by hand (this is not a step-by-step instruction, but the usual recommendations).

It is necessary to consider what materials the insulation will be made of, in some cases it is advisable to save money, for example, if the house is intended exclusively for living in the summer.

For all-season buildings, insulation should be carried out in accordance with all the rules, the highest quality materials should be used.

Material selection

One of the main parameters that the material must comply with is its elasticity. Styrofoam and related products may not be suitable. The fact is that the elements of the frame (if we are talking about a frame made of wood) will change their dimensions due to changes in temperature and humidity of the surrounding air. In this case, gaps will appear between the bars and the insulation panels, which will affect the overall thermal insulation of the house.

And the elastic material will fill the entire space between the bars.

For metal frame houses, you can use any materials, for example, polystyrene foam.

Basalt wool

The most common material. It is obtained by melting mountain basalt. Perfectly retains heat, has soundproofing properties. The downside is the change in properties when moisture is absorbed. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully protect it with the help of special films.

Basalt materials are the most fireproof, withstand heating temperatures up to 1000 degrees.

When buying, it is better to focus on the material in the form of plates, the packaging should indicate that the insulation is intended for walls, otherwise after 2-3 years the basalt panels will shrink and cold air will penetrate through the top.

Ecowool

This type of insulation is made from cellulose. There are two ways to insulate with ecowool:

With the help of special equipment, cotton wool particles are mixed with water drops, this mixture is sent into the space between the cells of the frame. In this case, a dense coating is formed that fills the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe walls;

The dry method consists in pouring ecowool particles into the space between the wall panels, after which the mass is compacted.

As a result, layers of insulation are obtained, which are not afraid of either temperature changes or humidity, therefore, additional protection different films are not needed.

The cost of the material and the prices for the work performed are the only negative aspects of this technology.

glass wool

Produced by melting glass. Sold, as a rule, in the form of rolls. It is distinguished by decent heat-insulating properties and resistance to fire, does not emit toxic substances during combustion.

Be sure to check when buying that the material is intended specifically for walls.

Bulk materials

This type includes slag, expanded clay, sawdust. They are rarely used, as there are more effective heaters.

Sometimes they are used for thermal insulation of the floor, as the first layer, after which other types of insulation are laid, in particular, expanded clay, which does not absorb moisture, does not burn, but its thermal insulation properties are not too high.

The tool you need to get the job done

Warming a frame house with your own hands will not require any complex devices and fixtures. To carry out the work you will need the following tools:

1. Roulette;
2. Marker (pencil, chalk);
3. Tool for cutting metal - grinder, electric scissors;
4. A large knife for cutting the insulation material, you can use a homemade one made from an old hacksaw;
5. Screwdriver for fastening cladding elements;
6. A construction stapler for fixing a plastic film (if it is not available, you can use a soft wire);
7. Other tools may be needed - a building hair dryer, a hammer, screwdrivers, a wood jigsaw and others.

In addition, you need to prepare a stepladder and a long ladder for working on the roof.

Implementation of work - floor insulation

Dirt is removed from the insulated surfaces of the frame, damp areas must be dried with a hairdryer, gaps in the structure must be filled with mounting foam.

If electrical wiring is supposed to be placed inside the walls, then this should be taken care of in advance. The cable should be laid according to the wiring plan, cutting out the necessary technological holes in the ceilings, securing junction boxes, marking the position of switches and sockets.

If the house will be installed: a heating boiler, plumbing, other additional appliances, then all the holes necessary for them (for pipelines, drains Wastewater, eyeliner) is better to do in advance.

The first step is to waterproof the floor. To do this, a special film is attached, and each next canvas should overlap the previous one by 5-10 cm. It is aimed with a stapler.

The heat-insulating material is cut into strips or squares, depending on the shape of the cells between the boards (lags), the pieces should fit snugly into place. Given that the standard width of a mineral wool sheet is 60 cm, the cell width should be 58-59 cm. After laying the thermal insulation, it should be covered with a vapor barrier film on top.

The thickness of the insulation layer can be different. It is necessary to focus on the region of residence and the required degree of insulation: the more low temperature in winter, the thicker the floor will be and the more layers of mineral wool you need to lay. If several layers are spread, then they should overlap the joints of the previous ones by about 15 cm.

After laying the thermal insulation, cover it on top with a vapor barrier film. For better tightness, you can glue the joints with double-sided tape. This will not only be a good protection against moisture, but also additional protection from the wind.

After that, you can start laying plywood or OSB-board material on the floor, this layer will be the basis for the finished floor.

Insulating the walls of a frame panel house with your own hands is a little more difficult than the floor.

The technology is about the same as with floor insulation.

The wall is sheathed on one side, for example, with plywood. Between the plates there should be gaps - about 2-3 mm. These gaps can be filled with mounting foam, and then cut off the excess protruding above the plane.

After that, you can begin to stretch the waterproofing film to protect both the frame and the house itself from moisture from the outside. It is recommended to glue the joints with adhesive tape (some types of film have self-adhesive strips at the ends).

Now you should lay the insulation boards, if a distance of about 60 cm is maintained between the boards, then the sheets will be laid tightly, if not, you will have to temporarily fix them (you can, for example, stretch a strip of adhesive tape along the entire length of the wall).

The average thickness of the insulation is 15 cm, however, if necessary, several layers can be used with an overlap of previously laid at the joints, by about 10-15 cm.

A vapor barrier film is stretched over the insulation to protect it from moisture that will come from inside the house. It is necessary to carefully stretch the film at the corners, repeating the contours as accurately as possible, otherwise then difficulties may arise with the final finish.

After fixing the vapor barrier, OSB panels or plywood are nailed, on which the finishing Decoration Materials(wallpaper, tiles, lining). To save money, if it is definitely decided to finish with clapboard or similar materials, you can use boards instead of sheet materials, they can be nailed at some distance from each other.

Advice. Exterior wall decoration can be carried out not only from the inside of the house, but also from the outside. That is, first the internal panels are nailed, and all further operations for laying cotton wool are carried out from the street.

This can be convenient if the house is not very large.

Warming internal walls needed, most of all, for soundproofing, so there is no need to install a film.

To do this, soundproof materials are used, it can be the same mineral wool, foam boards, various combined materials.

Warming a frame house with your own hands is a responsible process, and when working with a ceiling, it is also not very convenient. It is best to carry out work while the roof is not yet fully ready, so it will be more convenient to work.

The rules are simple: the vapor barrier membrane is again applied, stretched from inside the house and attached to the ceiling beams.

Sheet material (plywood, OSB) or boards are installed on it (a distance of about 40 cm is maintained between the boards).

Mineral wool is laid on top, according to the same rules as in other cases. Overlapping previous joints (with an allowance). It is important to cover the entire ceiling, along with the planes that are located above the walls.

If the attic is not heated, then a vapor barrier film is not needed. Can be sheathed with sheet material.

Insulation of the ceiling is important, because if the insulation is not correct, warm air will very quickly leave the house through the top.

Roof insulation

It has great importance if the attic will be heated and used as a living space. In other cases, work is not necessary, or it can be insulated to a minimum.

There are a number of subtleties that can help in the work:

The most convenient way is insulation from the outside: the insulation is easier to lay, the film is easier to stretch.

Immediately after installing the truss structure, it is recommended to attach a vapor barrier film, and not to her - to nail sheet material or boards.

Using a ladder, you can climb outside to the roof slopes and lay out the insulation.

Stretch the film from above and install the crate, and then the roof itself.

Features of insulation with various materials

In addition to mineral wool and analogues, various types of heaters are used.

Styrofoam and similar materials

Styrofoam is difficult to lay, avoiding gaps between it and the wooden frame, so you will have to carefully foam all the defects. Such materials do not allow air to pass through, you need to carefully consider the ventilation of your home. Polyethylene films you still need to use it, although the foam is not afraid of moisture, the vapor barrier membrane should protect the frame of the house.

Finally, polystyrene foam is very fond of rodents who make labyrinths in it, this must be taken into account.

Ecowool

This material, although it allows you to apply it manually, without special equipment, however, experts do not advise doing this.

Ecowool shrinks up to about 15% over time, so you will have to make some margin when applying it.

When applied by hand, it is almost impossible to achieve the same quality and final thermal insulation properties as when using a special tool.

Expanded clay

Often used to insulate either the floor or the ceiling, it is possible to insulate the ceilings between floors. A feature is the need for a good base on which the insulation is laid out. There should be no gaps, otherwise the expanded clay will fall out.

For the best effect, expanded clay is used in the form of the most crushed fraction, in combination with materials such as sawdust. In this case, all voids will be filled.

Finally

So, it’s not so difficult to insulate a frame house with your own hands, you won’t need step-by-step instructions for work. All work on all types of floors is carried out in approximately the same way.