What stone is best to build a house. What is the house made of? Construction Materials

Someone wants to live in a living and breathing wooden house, someone is attracted by durable brick, and someone, in pursuit of economy, ease of installation and good thermal insulation, opts for foam blocks.

Unfortunately, none of the materials can be called ideal, so the question: "What to build a warm and inexpensive house from?" You can answer this way: you need to build from the material that is most suitable for a particular person.

Whatever material is chosen for construction, special attention must be paid to proper insulation housing, as this significantly saves money on heating.

What can you save on?

Almost every person asks the question: what to build a warm and inexpensive house from? This applies to both one-story summer cottages and permanent residences. To achieve the cheapest construction option, you need to familiarize yourself with the following criteria that reduce the cost of the whole process:

1. Labor force. Construction will have to take over. You can also bring in a few volunteers. Remember that paying for the work of the construction team is the main part of the budget.

2. Materials. New building materials are great for building strong and durable buildings, the main thing is to do everything in accordance with the instructions. Of course, a solid, warm brick house or a massive cottage from a log house cannot be built, but savings of about 40% are guaranteed!

3. Excesses in the design. Thanks to various features you can give the building originality and brightness, but we must not forget that this significantly increases the amount of expenses in the estimate.

4. Layout. The most functional and compact premises inevitably lead to cost reduction.

Which house is the warmest?

When planning to start building their own housing, each owner thinks about how to build a warm house. The material used for the construction has a huge influence on this factor. The most commonly used include brick, foam block, wooden beam. So, a little about the main advantages of each of them:

1. Brick is a very warm material, especially hollow. But if the construction of a house is planned in a region that is characterized by frosty and windy weather, then you still cannot do without insulation. To save heat, a special material, such as polystyrene foam, is quite suitable. To cover the insulation from above, you can use a decorative brick or any other facing material.

2. Foam block, or aerated concrete, is a modern building material, the thermal insulation of which is provided by a fine cellular structure. The level of heat retention is higher than that of its predecessor, but there is another problem. absorbs a lot of moisture, which adversely affects its consumer characteristics. That is, if the house is saturated with rain or melt water, then it will then attract excess solar heat during drying or freeze during cold weather. The more often this happens to the structure, the faster the moment of its destruction will come. In general, a house built from foam blocks should be protected from moisture.

3. The warmest is a wooden house, which does not release heat at all. By the way, a wooden structure will never retain excess moisture, since the tree does an excellent job of adjusting this indicator. If a high-quality timber or log was used to build a wooden house, then additional exterior cladding may not even be required. But! Of all the options considered, wood is the most expensive material.

And what to choose: brick, foam concrete and wood? First of all, you need to proceed from climatic conditions and the amount of money in your pocket. So, a brick structure can be quite warm, if it is reasonable to approach the choice of insulation. The same can be said about foam concrete if it is properly protected from moisture.

Steel structures

Steel structures are the most durable and affordable building material, which makes it possible to build a reliable house in the shortest possible time.

Among the main advantages are:

affordable cost;
quick and easy erection;
high load capacity and low weight;
versatility - the material is suitable for the construction of any structures;
the possibility of creating a unique external exterior.

There are also disadvantages:

low strength;
poor heat and sound insulation.

Steel solid structures have become very popular nowadays.

Wood as a suitable building material

Before you start building a house, you need to choose a building material that meets the indicators of strength, practicality, durability and environmental friendliness. The tree meets all of the above qualities.

The color of the material deserves special attention. So, if the surface has areas of dark blue or black, then the wood is of poor quality. An equally important indicator is the time of wood production. So, winter is considered the optimal period for this, because the material at this time is characterized by a minimum level of humidity, which reduces the risk of cracks in the walls of the house.

Now you need to choose the type of building material made of wood. For example, cheap warm can be built from rounded softwood logs. But such material is characterized by significant shrinkage, therefore, in order to prevent adverse consequences, it is better to wait a little with finishing work. You can use another building material - glued beams. The level of its quality is much higher, the cost, respectively, too, but it is better to entrust the construction to specialists.

About the advantages of houses from sip panels

Residents of Europe and North America have known for more than fifty years how to build a warm and inexpensive house that meets the optimal indicators of durability and environmental friendliness - from sip panels. Not so long ago, this material became popular in Russia. Today almost every construction company ready to build a house from panels for a client, by the way, this work can be done independently. The latter option will not only have a positive impact on cost savings, but will not compromise quality.

A panel house has the following advantages:

High degree of thermal insulation. New building materials can significantly save on heating.
Excellent sound insulation, reliably protecting from external noise.
Increased safety margin and long service life.
Quick installation and perfectly even walls, corners, which is achieved through a simple docking principle.
Resistant to decay and insect damage.
Absence of harmful substances.

How to choose and equip the foundation?

After the choice of building material is completed, you can begin to explore the soil. The only and most significant disadvantage is the close proximity ground water. This parameter depends on the basis of the soil and the depth of its freezing. If a wooden house is planned for construction, then a foundation on piles or a tape foundation will be enough, the cost of which is quite affordable. In this case, you need to correctly calculate the width of the base. For example, if the sum of the thickness of the insulation and the facing material is 40 cm, then the foundation should be made of the same width. Remember that it is imperative to use a soil compactor - sand, as well as reinforce the foundation. Optimum design strength is reached 28 days after the casting has been completed. After that, you can start purchasing building materials and building a house.

Frame house: warmth, comfort and efficiency

Buildings for the construction of which frame-panel technology was used belong to the first type. This method allows builders to realize almost any dream of the customer. The supporting element that ensures the stability of the entire structure is the base, for the manufacture of which timber or massive boards were used.

For lining the outer side of the frame, several layers of chipboard or cement-bonded particle board are usually used. For inside plywood, lining or oragalite is suitable. It is possible to provide moisture, sound and heat insulation through the use of various mineral materials. To decorate the facade of a frame-panel structure, stone, brick, lining or decorative plaster are most often used.

Characteristics of a frame house

Warm frame house has the following features:

To make the walls, a vertical beam with special grooves is used to accommodate the spike of the horizontal beam during assembly. The only significant disadvantage of such a structure is the fact that interior decoration can only be started after 1 year (the time required for the beams to shrink).
Metal-frame technology assumes the presence of two belts - upper and lower. To join these elements at the corners, a steel rod or pipe is usually used.
Both sides metal frame should be overlaid with sandwich panels or gypsum boards of increased fire resistance.
Mineral wool filler or concrete mixture should be used to fill the gap between the slabs.

To build a warm house with your own hands, you need to use only high-quality materials, because the comfort and durability of the resulting structure depends on it.

Aerated concrete block house

Aerated concrete blocks are a great option if you plan to build a warm house. The price of such an idea is considered quite economical. If the main criterion is the heat capacity of the future housing, then the use of aerated concrete and its derivatives is one of the best options.

The practice of using this building material shows that even a single-layer wall does not need additional insulation from the outside. Consequently, money and time are saved significantly.

About modern combined technologies

The use of combined technologies allows:

build a warm house with your own hands;
observe the minimum wall thickness;
make the modern home as comfortable as possible.

The excellent thermal insulation of the building is ensured by the layering: at the construction stage, the structural material should be insulated, and then the facade should be laid out.

This technology is used in the construction of a brick house. A sandwich, which includes a supporting brick, insulation and finishing bricks, allows you not to withstand the minimum allowable wall width.

The construction of warm houses in the northern latitudes is often performed as follows: first, a wall is erected in one block, and then it is insulated and closed with a facade.

Solving the question “what to build a warm and inexpensive house from” often leads to the use of timber. The best option is a wall, the width of which is less than the permissible one, closed by facades and additionally insulated from the outside. In addition, you can resort to frame-fill construction. In the first case, hollow cores are used to make the frame. foam blocks, the interior of which is filled with reinforced concrete. The second option is two brick walls connected by liquid insulation.

How to insulate a house from the outside?

most popular and effective method heat preservation in the house - insulation of the outer side of the walls with the help of a special energy-efficient and heat-insulating material. The implementation of this work allows you to get rid of worries about additional insulation of internal walls.

To make a modern house cozy and warm, you need:

purchase thermal insulation material;
cover the outer walls with it;
top with an insulating finishing layer.

The most popular outdoor insulations include air cavity brick, foam block and plaster. The foam block and brick are perfect for insulating a 1-2-story private house, and light fiberglass or polystyrene blocks are perfect for an apartment building.

About internal insulation

Owners of apartments located in apartment buildings, more often they practice not external, but internal insulation, since the first option does not have a special effect. For internal insulation of a room, a material that produces a vapor barrier effect is most often used. On top of the insulation, apply a layer of plaster or finish the wall with drywall. At the same time, we must not forget about the insulation of windows, otherwise internal insulation won't have the desired effect.

old wooden windows should be replaced with airtight and energy-efficient metal-plastic ones.

Thanks to the competent insulation of a private house, you can significantly save on heating.

In connection with the development of low-rise construction in Russia, due to the growing desire to have their own separate house, future homeowners face numerous questions. One of them is how to build a house at low cost and without sacrificing quality.

Before looking for an answer, you need to understand the concept:"Inexpensive house - what is it?".

Consumer properties:

inexpensive house does not mean small, - its size must meet the necessary needs of the family;
inexpensive house- this is a comfortable home, comfortable for living;
an inexpensive house is made on the basis of technological, easily implemented solutions using quality and affordable materials.

Basic principles of economy:

1. House project, — savings options:

develop on your own;
find a ready-made project and modify it to fit your goals;
invite to perform design work students of the construction and architectural direction;
to contract a private designer without special financial requests.

2. Architecture of the building, — simplicity of design:

any decorations in the form of bay windows, turrets, arches, columns and other elements - the so-called "architectural excesses" can add up to 5% to the total cost;
one-story and two-story houses, identical in area, will differ in costs in favor of the first project;
the presence of a basement will increase costs up to 30%;
complication of the design of walls, a departure from rectilinear forms - an addition to the treasury of costs; the most economical solutions are the use of a rectangular wall configuration;
increasing the slopes on the roof using complex geometric shapes can increase costs up to 30 ... 40%; the best option is a gable roof;
harmonious and simple interior layout.

3. Foundation, — durability without sacrificing quality:

depending on the composition of the soil, the most economical option is a shallow belt type the supporting part of the building;
another solution is a pile foundation, made on its own.

4. Finishing, — choice of methods and materials:

the use of "dry" finishing methods by lining the inner surface with drywall, plywood;
it is expedient to close the outer walls with OSB-3 boards (oriented strand, moisture resistant) or use facade cement-sand plaster;

So, an “inexpensive” house is a building where it is convenient and comfortable to live, with simple geometric shapes, made of inexpensive, but high-quality materials.

What is the best way to build a house?

We choose the material and technology for building a house.

Before designing a house, choosing its type, a number of factors must be taken into account:

clarify the climate at the place of future construction, the amount of summer and winter precipitation, temperature differences in hot and cold times;
study the composition of the soil;
determine the water supply;
inquire about availability electrical networks near the construction site and the ability to connect to them;
check access roads - asphalt, gravel or field road leads to the site.

This information will help at the preliminary stage to determine the type of house, its foundation and building material.

Monolithic house

The most "solid" residential building. Combines "pluses" and many "minuses".

Pros:

the most durable construction, due to the use of reinforced concrete materials;
durability;
the possibility of insulation by laying a heat insulator at the stage of pouring concrete.

Minuses:

a large weight of the structure will require a "massive" foundation;
the complexity of installation - you will need specialized equipment and qualified performers;
if it is impossible to perform combined insulation at the installation stage, additional thermal insulation work will have to be carried out;
complication of exterior and interior finishes;
production will require a stationary power supply and water supply.

Conclusion. It is advisable to build a house of this type with a large area in order to reduce the cost of the reduced square meter buildings and if financial resources are available.

brick house

Another version of the "solid" structure. Until recently, it was the most common building structure.

Advantages:

capital solid construction;
long service life;
environmentally friendly material - brick is made from natural clay;
the ability to combine, - ordinary, one and a half facing;
walls and ceilings are made of non-combustible materials;
the ability to make external walls that do not require additional finishing thanks to decorative facing bricks.

Flaws:

temporary restriction for masonry work, — best quality will be provided during the construction of walls in warm and dry times, that is, from spring to autumn; due to this limitation general terms construction may be delayed;
complexity production process, - bricklaying must be carried out by a qualified master;
a large mass of the building box will require a solid and voluminous foundation;
for interior decoration, it will be necessary to apply “wet” (plastering walls) or “dry” (plasterboard or plywood) methods of wall and ceiling cladding.

Conclusion. This building will require significant financial costs, it is possible to stretch the construction time for several years. Requires electricity and water supply.

House of foam block and aerated concrete

The development of modern technologies has allowed the emergence of new building materials with a gas-filled structure - foam block and aerated concrete, which have found their application in low-rise construction.

Advantages:

"warm" walls - blocks with a foamed structure have high heat and sound insulation properties;
overall dimensions of products can significantly speed up construction;
the use of special adhesives allows you to work at low negative temperatures;
the small weight of one block makes it possible for one person to cope with it;
products manufactured in the factory in compliance with all regulatory requirements have slight deviations in geometric dimensions - this allows you to lay out even walls;
for products apply natural materials, the walls are "breathing";
affordable price for most consumers;
due to the use of wall material with low weight, the requirements for the foundation are reduced - it is quite possible to use a shallow tape version of the supporting part of the building.

Negative qualities:

the low mechanical strength of the foam block requires additional reinforcement of the structure - the gas block is preferable in this regard, although it is somewhat more expensive;
required certain time for possible "chemical" shrinkage - this occurs due to the entry of the cement slurry into a reaction with the composition of the block;
external and interior decoration walls.

Conclusion. A good alternative to the two options discussed above, at least for economic reasons.

Frame house

Frame house- This is a structure assembled from separate finished elements. The basis is a frame made of solid wood or glued laminated timber.

Positive traits:

rapid construction of the entire house, including the roof;
low weight of the entire structure, which allows the use of light foundations - tape or pile;
good thermal insulation properties;
simplification of finishing processes;
the use of inexpensive building materials;
the ability to perform installation work on their own.

Negative properties:

internal soundproofing leaves much to be desired;
the need for quality system ventilation - caused by the design features of the building and the materials used;
an error with the choice of insulation can lead to a violation of the comfortable microclimate inside the building - there is a risk of "stuffiness", high humidity;
lower mechanical strength of all submitted projects.

Conclusion. This is the most economical home option.

House from metal structures

This project is a kind of frame wooden house. The difference is in the use of basic frame, wall and ceiling materials. The frame itself is made of profiled metal products.

As a filler are used:

concrete slabs or blocks;
ceramic brick;
foam material: slag, foam and gas blocks;
wooden beam;
SIP panels and other building material.

The structure of the house is stronger and more rigid. The properties of a wooden frame structure are preserved, but there are negative differences:

the construction is heavier, which will increase the requirements for the foundation;
increase the construction time of the building;
complication of finishing works;
material and labor costs will be higher;
will require additional anti-corrosion work;
qualified personnel will be required.

Conclusion. The design will turn out to be more expensive, at a cost it will be close to a brick house.

wooden house

Modern wooden low-rise houses are built using rounded logs or profiled solid or glued beams.

Advantages:

the most environmentally friendly house;
speed of erection - comparable to a frame building;
excellent thermal insulation;
year-round construction, there are no “wet” processes in construction work, which are affected by negative temperatures;
minimum costs for finishing work, both external and internal.

Flaws:

periodic work is required to seal the joints due to shrinkage (shrinkage) of the tree;
to increase resistance to fire and biological damage, it is necessary to carry out treatment with special compounds.

Conclusion. The second, after a frame wooden house, in terms of economy and speed of construction, but the first in terms of environmental friendliness and heat resistance.

Outcome. "Inexpensive" house is:

one-story building of rectangular section with a gable roof;
made using wood frame technology;
shallow strip or pile foundation;
no basement.

The use of other technologies, materials, an increase in the number of storeys leads to an increase in the cost of the building.

The cheapest way to build a house

When building your own home, there are two main ways to save money and time:

the cost of building materials;
building a house on your own.

How to save on materials when building a house?

First way- this is the use of alternative substitutes - analogues. For example: cinder block - foam block - gas block or profiled wooden beam - rounded log. Items are listed in ascending order of price.

The second way - replacement of standard products with materials that were in use. For example: the use of bricks for interior walls from old demolished buildings.

Third way - use of alternative finishing technologies. For example: wall plastering (“wet” method) or cladding OSB plywood("dry" method).

Fourth way- most sellers of building materials have "seasonal" discounts. For example: brick, cement in winter are cheaper than in the warm season.

We save on construction - we build a house with our own hands

Significant savings can be obtained if you build a house with my own hands. The figures can reach 30…60% of the total construction costs. But before starting work, it is necessary to focus on some points:

skill in drawing work and reading construction drawings will be required;
without the skills of owning a construction tool, it is not advisable to start construction;
before starting the whole process, you need to draw up a plan of your actions;
produce in in general terms calculations in the need for materials and their cost;
resolve issues with the supply of electricity and water;
create a team of relatives, friends - the difficulty lies in the fact that they need to be led and asked from them;
provide a place of rest protected from climatic conditions, for example, a construction trailer.

Advice. If you yourself have never encountered construction work, then it is advisable to invite a friend who knows how to build a low-rise building.

Conclusion

It is possible to implement plans for the construction of a solid house at low cost - the most important thing is to conduct a constant cost analysis at all stages of work. Use high-quality building materials and do not replace them with cheap counterparts with low consumer properties. Do not be afraid to use your strength in the construction process itself, even if you have never held a shovel in your hands.

In this article, we will understand which materials for building a house are best for various purposes.

Today, many people dream of a big, beautiful and cozy home. But before you make a decision and start building a building, you need to think carefully about the purpose for which the construction of the house is planned. One format is suitable for a seasonal building, the second for permanent residence. After planning, you should think about the material, because safety and convenience depend on quality material.

On the modern market various materials with certain properties are presented. Usually the most important selection criteria are:

strength, reliability of raw materials;
the ability to isolate noise;
preservation, isolation of heat;
frost resistance;
moisture impermeability.

Of course, before construction, all the parameters indicated above should be taken into account, especially if the building is individual. But still, the most important point is strength, as it forms the structure of the building and affects its functionality.

Materials for construction are divided into several categories:

stone and brick;
ceramic;
concrete;
wooden (from a log and a bar).

Buildings made of stone and brick

Structures made of stone and brick are distinguished by their massiveness. They are not afraid of the elements, while they have a stylish appearance. However, these durable materials are expensive.

The characteristics of a house built of stone or brick are not inferior to concrete.

Brick and stone structures are suitable for both small country houses and multi-storey buildings. Their main advantage is resistance to fire, moisture, and also such a building will not settle over time.

The disadvantage of brick and stone houses is low energy conservation. In order to build warm housing from this material, it is necessary to lay out walls 120 cm thick. Therefore, today brick and stone houses are losing their popularity, and raw materials are used for cladding.

Another significant disadvantage is high cost of material. Those wishing to build themselves a stone or brick house must calculate their finances and plan everything in advance before proceeding with the implementation of the plan.

Ceramic structures (ceramic blocks)

Bricks and ceramics are made using the same technology from clay. The difference is the savings on the construction of the building, because the ceramic blocks are larger in size, they need less, in addition, the protrusions at the ends suggest connecting the blocks to each other without a mixture. It is only needed to fix the horizontal rows to each other.

concrete materials

To date, brick is no longer as popular as it used to be, it has given way to a modern concrete block.

The advantages of this material are its affordable cost and speed of construction. One concrete block can replace several bricks. You can build a house from a gas block, foam block, cinder block, shell rock, wood concrete, expanded clay concrete. All of them are similar in characteristics, most subspecies practically do not need complex finishing, but the disadvantage is that concrete materials are brittle, have high water permeability, and there are chemical elements in the composition of the material.

Wooden houses

Wooden houses are built from logs and beams. They have a low load on the foundation, as a result of which it will not settle over time, moreover, this is a good savings at the initial stage of construction. An important advantage is that using wooden materials, you can build a house regardless of weather conditions or seasons.

Timber buildings are a profitable option for those who want to become the owner of a neat individual building. Its cross section is both rectangular and square, with a smooth, even side. For such houses, shrinkage is minimized as much as possible, and the production of log cabins occurs without the use of special equipment. The tree is aesthetic, does not require finishing, therefore it is an economical option.

Positive aspects of using wooden beams:

eco-friendly material;
fast building;
good sound insulation, thermal conductivity;
design safety;
installation regardless of weather conditions and temperature;
does without expensive foundation and finishing;
pleasant smell of wood.

Disadvantages of timber houses:

requires additional processing from insects, prevention from rot and cracks;
easily catches fire, it is necessary to use fire-fighting means;
long idle time of the foundation;
well passes cold and water, so the cost of heat is inevitable.

Log buildings are traditional, well studied and quite attractive. You can build a small house or a huge, comfortable cottage. Such structures are natural and environmentally friendly, in addition, they do a good job with the natural ventilation of the space. Just like log buildings, log buildings do not need a massive foundation.

Advantages of log houses:

natural raw materials;
strong, safe and beautiful design;
warms up quickly, reducing the cost of heating;
available material;
short construction time.

Cons of log houses:

tendency to decay, attacks of insects;
easy tanning in a matter of seconds;
the foundation should be defended for about a year;
the design warms up quickly, but does not hold heat, it is necessary to insulate.

What is better to build a house for permanent residence (permanent residence)?

A classic for suburban housing construction is baked clay brick and has good wear resistance, strength, durability. The material is considered environmentally friendly, not afraid of high and low temperatures resistant to all weather conditions. They are massive, but require insulation.

There are several times more positive aspects in such material than negative ones, so a brick house is considered the most successful option for permanent residence. He and the fire is not so terrible, and will last much longer than concrete and, especially, wood.

What materials are suitable for a summer house in the country?

Traditionally, summer cottages are built of wood. Log buildings or houses made of glued laminated timber- any of these options will be successful for a comfortable summer. Such constructions are environmentally friendly and safe, they ventilate the premises well, and besides, they have a pleasant smell.

Wooden cottages are especially appreciated, which can be easily built on an individual order. Such a house needs processing and care, but its availability, reliability and comfort are important advantages when choosing a summer house for a summer residence.

What is better to build a house in the Urals or in Siberia?

Such cold corners of Russia as Siberia or the Urals need warm houses. It is important to choose the material that will warm up quickly and not lose heat. Of course, in such regions, the house will still have to be well insulated, but if initially the raw materials are already “warm”, the owner of the building will save on cladding. The ideal option would be a concrete building, namely with cells.

Initially, porous concrete was used for insulation, and a little later, whole houses began to be built from it, which were distinguished by excellent heat retention. In addition, the construction of a fire-resistant building will take a little time. After construction, for more insulation, the house should be plastered, covered with panels.

What is suitable for the warm corners of Russia (house by the sea)?

A house by the sea is the dream of many romantics. Mostly, such buildings are made of stone. The increased humidity of the coast will quickly destroy the wooden structure. Still fit ceramic blocks who are also not afraid of water.

There is no need to build a house right on the beach, because a lot of money will be spent on the foundation for a house on the sand, very close to the coastline. It is better to start construction work at least 200 meters from the beach. In addition, a thunderstorm is a frequent occurrence near the sea. A wise decision would be to get a lightning rod and eliminate a large number of metal structures in the building.

What materials are cheaper to build a house from?

Nowadays, many people want to run away from the city and build their own house, but there may not be enough money for a massive structure. The current great financial difficulties do not leave the possibility of a big flight of fancy, so you have to choose from cheap materials, given that the house must be reliable and safe.

The cheapest houses are made from concrete and wood. Aerated concrete is refractory, does not rot, it needs a simple foundation, it is also warm and needs light processing. But when laying the material, it is necessary to adhere to a certain technology. While wooden houses are easy to build without certain nuances, they are prone to rotting, burning, and the foundation should stand for about a year.

The choice between these two cheapest materials depends specifically on the future home owner.

Country house - photo

How to almost single-handedly renovate a 23 m² garage or mini-house and turn it into a decent home.

Dream house in the suburbs - We are going to visit: a house of 320 m² for a large family with an English bar, a swimming pool and pandas.

We visited a charming house that mixed a lot of styles. Loft style kitchen, Provence bathroom and English style bedroom.

This house is proof that you can create a beautiful interior without going to a designer. Do-it-yourself design - what is it?

The owners of suburban areas have a great opportunity to assemble inexpensive houses with very good operational characteristics. There are several ways to build an economical and reliable building today. In this article, we will talk about what is cheaper to build houses from.

What factors affect the cost

Save on construction country house can:

Properly drafted. A compact house with a well-thought-out layout will cost less than a large “chaotic” building and will be no less comfortable at the same time.
Choosing the right material for walls, roofs, ceilings and finishes.

It is the latter factor in terms of project cost that often plays a decisive role.

Materials for how to choose

When deciding what exactly the walls of the house, its ceilings and roof will be built from, you need to pay attention to the following factors:

Climatic conditions. In cold regions, it is better to use, albeit not so durable, but always warm materials. The owners of sites located in the southern regions of the country have a much wider choice. In this case, you can use absolutely any modern inexpensive materials.
Specific properties of materials. Of course, buildings made of SIP panels or foam concrete are much cheaper than brick or log houses.
features of the local market. For example, wood may be cheaper in wooded regions, while concrete may be cheaper in steppe regions.

The most economical building materials

So, now let's see what is cheaper to build houses from. A very economical and convenient building in our time can be built using:

Timber and modern insulation. This is the most inexpensive type of buildings at the moment. At the same time, despite the cheapness, panel houses have very good performance characteristics. Inexpensive materials are also used as cladding in this case. Most often it is plywood and siding.
SIP panels. Such a building will cost more than a shield building, but it is also built faster.
Foam blocks. Buildings erected from them are also very inexpensive and at the same time are considered somewhat more reliable than panel buildings.

All these modern materials for building a house are suitable very well and at the same time they are able to serve for a long time. Next, let's talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. Perhaps this will help someone make the most successful choice.

Advantages of frame buildings

Wooden houses of this type, in addition to being cheap, also have such advantages as:

Ease of construction. You can build a frame-panel house on your own, without the involvement of specialists. When erecting such a building, there is no need to use any expensive equipment. The foundation for a panel house can be poured with the most inexpensive - columnar (of course, only on reliable ground).
Excellent heat-preserving qualities. Such houses are isolated from the cold using modern inexpensive materials. Usually it is mineral wool or polystyrene foam. Even not too expensive unprofiled timber in this case is used in minimal quantities - only for the construction of the frame.
Aesthetic With the use of high-quality internal and external cladding, choosing this technology, you can actually get a very beautiful and at the same time comfortable building.
No shrinkage. Unlike expensive block and log buildings, you can move into a house built using this technology immediately after its construction.

Disadvantages of panel buildings

Timber and modern insulation are just a great answer to the question of what is cheaper to build houses from. But of course, like any other technique, this building construction technology has its drawbacks. The disadvantages of frame-panel houses include, first of all, a not too high degree of environmental safety. The fact is that mineral wool and expanded polystyrene are materials that, in certain situations, can emit. When building a house, this must be taken into account and the inner lining made as airtight as possible. Mineral wool emits and expanded polystyrene - poisonous styrene.

The disadvantages of panel structures can also be attributed to a not too high degree of fire resistance. Wiring in such a house is best left to a specialist. Even though it will incur additional costs. You will have to spend money on processing wooden frame antiseptic and fire-resistant formulations, as well as insect repellents. As you know, only if these funds are used, wooden houses are quite durable.

The owners of remote summer cottages often refuse to erect such buildings due to the not too high mechanical strength of the walls. To break into such a house in the absence of protection, thieves may not even need to pick the lock.

Advantages of buildings from SIP panels

This type of building is structurally very similar to the previous one. In fact, this is just a kind of panel house. The only difference is that the elements of this type of building are assembled from panels supplied ready-made. Of course, when using such material, the building is more reliable and durable. Houses made of SIP panels are not too expensive. However, their cost, as already mentioned, is slightly higher than that of conventional shield ones.

SIP panels consist of two OSB boards, between which expanded polystyrene is fixed. Despite the apparent fragility, due to the integrity of the structure, they are able to withstand huge loads and, in fact, are just perfect for buildings. You can also build a building from this material yourself. It is not required to fill under SIP-walls and too powerful foundation. The advantages of this material include a very low degree of thermal conductivity.

As in the case of a frame-panel house, the construction of such a building does not require the use of expensive equipment. The panels are processed in an elementary way - with the help of a conventional hacksaw. Therefore, houses from SIP panels can have any layout and architecture.

Cons of SIP buildings

The disadvantages of such houses are about the same as those of conventional frame-panel houses. That is, they do not differ in fire safety and environmental cleanliness. In addition to expanded polystyrene, in this case, OSB panels are also used, the safety of which is highly doubtful. Some of the disadvantages of SIP panels include the fact that you can build houses from them only of a limited height (maximum 2 floors). Engineering communications in buildings of this type are quite difficult and expensive to carry out. This can also be attributed to the disadvantages of such buildings.

Advantages of houses from foam blocks

This material is slightly more expensive than SIP panels. However, the cost of the foam block is still low, and the difference in price in this case is not critical. In addition, in comparison with SIP buildings and panel buildings, houses made of this material have a lot of advantages. These include:

The ability of the walls to "breathe". In this regard, buildings made of foam blocks are comparable to, for example, comfortable structures such as log houses. The microclimate in buildings erected from this material is created almost the same.
Fire resistance of walls. Concrete, as everyone knows, does not burn.
Durability. By definition, such a building can serve much longer. wooden building. Concrete does not rot and is not damaged by insects.

Disadvantages of foam concrete houses

The disadvantages of such buildings include, first of all, the need for thorough waterproofing of the foundation and the use of materials that prevent the penetration of moisture into the walls. Inexpensive foam block houses should be protected as carefully as possible. The fact is that this porous material absorbs moisture very well. At the same time, its heat-preserving qualities are lost. Moreover, wet blocks of this type easily crumble, which can even lead to cracks in the walls.

Despite the fact that foam concrete is light, the foundation for it should be used sufficiently powerful and reliable. It's all about the fragility of this material. Foam concrete can give cracks even with small movements.

The disadvantages of this material, in comparison with SIP panels, include some difficulty in building houses when using them. To build, fasten the foam blocks with special glue. In this case, the seams, unlike concrete ones, are very thin and do not let the cold through. However, masonry by this method involves the use of blocks of ideal geometry. But despite the existing standards, material with various kinds of defects is often sold on the domestic market.

From the foregoing, a simple conclusion can be drawn. You should buy foam blocks only from large manufacturers who value their reputation and supply the market with sufficiently strong material with ideal geometry.

Cost of materials

For the construction of the walls of the building, structural and heat-insulating foam blocks are usually used. The price for them depends on the size, manufacturer and supplier. For the D500-D600 block, for example, you can pay from 47 to 185 rubles. The cost of a foam block of the most convenient dimensions for laying 20x30x60 mm is usually 135-150 rubles.

Price for SIP panels different sizes can be seen in the table below.

Dimensions (mm)	OSB thickness (mm)	Cost, rub.)

Thus, the price of a house made of SIP (or rather, only its walls) 5x5 m in size with a ceiling height of 250 cm and a wall thickness of 12 mm will be 47,200 rubles, not counting the cost Supplies. Of course, it's not too expensive. Foam blocks of the same size will cost about 55,000-60,000 rubles, which is also quite cheap.

What to make ceilings and roofs from

The use of SIP panels and foam blocks significantly reduces the cost of building houses. From various materials of a modern type, such as metal tiles, ondulin or profiled sheets, it is possible to assemble a very inexpensive roof for a country building. The floor and ceiling in a budget house are usually sheathed with a simple edged board.

As for the frame of the floors and the roof, then the choice, of course, is not too big. Logs, beams and truss system usually made from timber. And the material used is quite thick. After all, such structures are load-bearing and must withstand serious loads. Therefore, saving on them, of course, is not worth it. However, the price of an ordinary non-profiled timber is not too high.

Thus, using the materials described above for building a house, you can save a lot of money and at the same time get reliable and environmentally friendly structures.

How to choose a cutting board

When choosing this material, you should pay attention to two factors:

The presence of knots. They should be as few as possible. Especially the dark ones. Such knots will surely fall out over time, and ugly holes will form in the floor or ceiling.
Material geometry. All selected boards must have the same thickness and be even in all planes.

Advantages and disadvantages of metal tiles

In addition to the low price, the advantages of this material used to assemble an inexpensive roof most often include:

light weight,
strength and durability,
aesthetic appearance,
ease of installation.

The disadvantages of metal tiles are:

noise during rain
the ability to rust and click in the sun with improper installation.

As you can see, the answer to the question of what is cheaper to build houses from is not too complicated. Choosing inexpensive materials for the construction of walls, floors and roofs of a building is very simple these days. Of course, when drawing up a project, everything should be carefully calculated and thought out. In this case, the house will be economical, reliable and comfortable.

Read the article to the end and you will find out: what materials are best used today to build the walls of a house, what are their advantages and disadvantages. And also: at the end of the article - interesting reader poll regarding this issue.

Let's see what houses are built from today. More specifically, what materials are used to build the walls. We will present the information “without water” and structured. First, consider the most popular building materials, and then - those that are used less frequently.

Of course, each material has its pros and cons. Therefore, we will also talk about this. So…

Popular materials for building walls at home

There are many. Let's start with the most proven and reliable option.

Ceramic brick (red)

Made from clay - an environmentally friendly material. Firing gives it a red color, and also improves strength properties.

Previously, houses were built mainly of brick. And they performed well. We can say briefly about this material: this is a classic ... Time-tested.

Pros of red brick:

high strength;
reliability;
the ability to withstand heavy loads for a long time.

Cons of brick:

high cost of the material;
complex and expensive masonry (highly skilled workers are required);
relatively large construction time.

Red brick houses are always in price. They are reliable, durable, warm enough (with a wall thickness of 60 cm or more). Such a house after construction and after 25 years can be sold at a good price. because brick houses and serve for 100 years.

Ceramic blocks (porous ceramics)

Modern material for the walls of the house. In fact, the same red brick, only with numerous voids. It is made by firing the same clay. However, this creates voids in the material, which significantly improve its thermal insulation properties. In addition, sawdust is added to the raw material during production. When fired, they burn out, due to which microscopic pores are formed.

Advantages of porous ceramics:

excellent thermal insulation properties;
ecological cleanliness;
large-format blocks (laying is done quite quickly);
less weight (and therefore less load on the foundation).

Flaws:

high price;
reduced bearing capacity and strength (compared to solid ceramic bricks);
increased fragility (especially noticeable during transportation, loading / unloading);
easily absorbs moisture.

By the way, one point should be noted regarding the strength characteristics ... Manufacturers often claim that porous ceramic blocks (used for the construction of load-bearing walls) correspond in strength to M100 concrete. For example, you can often hear that "the strength is the same as that of a regular solid red brick." However… in practice this does not always work out. Different manufacturers have different strength of porous ceramics. Therefore, when buying, you need to be vigilant.

Despite the shortcomings, now this material is very popular. It is used for the construction of luxury houses.

aerated concrete

The material is a kind of cellular concrete. Produced from quartz sand, cement, special blowing agents. In addition, lime, gypsum, as well as slag and other industrial waste are used. The output is a material with an open porous structure (pore diameter is approximately equal to 1...3 mm).

Advantages of aerated concrete:

small mass;
low thermal conductivity;
ease of machining;
good strength;
relatively low price.

Disadvantages of aerated concrete:

strongly absorbs moisture (due to the open porous structure);
increased fragility (a reliable foundation is required to exclude even small subsidence).

Now the popularity of aerated concrete is at its height. Indeed, for a relatively small price, you can get a warm and quite durable house. Due to the low thermal conductivity, it is possible to build walls of much thinner thickness than, for example, in the case of red brick. This further reduces the cost of masonry material. In addition, the labor cost of workers is noticeably lower. Aerated concrete houses are built relatively easily and quickly.

foam concrete

Also a type of cellular concrete. Unlike aerated concrete, this material has a closed porous structure. It is made from sand, cement, foaming agent and water.

The production technology of foam concrete is quite simple. The production does not require expensive equipment. And I must say that this fact gives not only a plus, but also adds an important minus: there is a lot of foam concrete on the market made by dubious private firms (handicraft production). Accordingly, the quality of such material cannot be high.

Advantages of foam concrete:

light weight;
good thermal insulation properties;
ease of processing (easy to drill, saw);
due to the closed porous structure (the pores are closed), foam concrete does not absorb moisture as much as aerated concrete.

Disadvantages of foam concrete:

poor vapor permeability (walls "do not breathe", a good ventilation system is required);
almost does not work on bending;
over time, it shrinks significantly (which means cracking is possible).

Despite significant disadvantages, foam concrete is used for the construction of residential buildings. Also, this material is used for sound and heat insulation - walls, roofs, floors, etc.

Wood

Natural material, time-tested. Wood houses have been built since ancient times. This material has not lost its popularity even today.

Moreover, there are different technologies for the construction of wooden houses. So, they can be built from a log house (the old method) - when the trunks are cut to the required length, locks and grooves are made in them, and then they are laid, creating walls.

There is also a method of construction from rounded beams. In this case, the logs in production are processed to a smooth surface, marked. In this case, the bars can be planed, sawn, glued.

Advantages of wood:

relatively affordable price (compared to other expensive materials);
ecological cleanliness;
excellent thermal insulation characteristics;
aesthetic and attractive appearance;
no need to build a strong foundation;
enough long term services (with proper construction and maintenance) - naturally, different breeds wood wear resistance is different;
ease of machining.

Disadvantages of wood:

Despite the shortcomings, houses built of wood have been and will always be in price. It is pleasant to be in a wooden house, it is easy to breathe. It is cozy and comfortable. In a word, wood.

shell rock

This is an absolutely environmentally friendly material, completely natural origin. The rock of this stone is porous, carbonate. It consists of pressed shells. Hence the name - "shell rock" (also called "shell rock", "limestone").

The stone is different in density, shape, type and number of shells that form its basis. Accordingly, the strength, aesthetic and other characteristics of different shells can vary greatly.

However, in general, the following can be said about the pros and cons of this stone.

Shell rock benefits:

complete ecological cleanliness (surpasses even wood, as it requires impregnation with special protective substances);
does not accumulate radiation (usually it is below the sensitivity level of measuring instruments);
relatively low price (except for delivery);
high construction speed (for example, it can be sawn into blocks 490 × 240x188 mm in size);
dense stone has a fairly high strength (suitable for the construction of load-bearing walls).

Disadvantages of shell rock:

increased ability to absorb moisture (especially for porous and low-strength stone) - higher than that of ceramic bricks;
the dimensions of the blocks are inaccurate, significant deviations are often observed (due to the fact that the blocks are not stamped, but cut out);
in terms of thermal conductivity, it is inferior to brick, aerated concrete, wood and some other materials;
often there is heterogeneity in density and strength (the material is completely natural origin).

The attitude of people to this stone is ambiguous. In some regions, most of the houses are built from this stone. In others, they practically do not build because of the existing significant shortcomings and give preference to other building materials for building walls. Of course, this is also due to the fact that the delivery of stone to some regions can be expensive and unprofitable.

Other building materials for building walls

Now let's list what is used less often. And there are advantages here too.

Expanded clay concrete

It is made by pressing from a mixture of water, sand, cement and expanded clay (which is made from clay). Additionally, voids of various volumes and shapes (for example, rectangular, cylindrical) can be made in blocks.

Masonry is usually performed using a reinforcing mesh (after 3-4 rows).

Advantages of expanded clay concrete:

low thermal conductivity;
good strength (higher than, for example, aerated concrete);
relatively low price;
environmental cleanliness (in fact, the basis is clay);
small mass (due to the presence of a porous and lightweight material - expanded clay);
manufacturing technology is quite simple (you can make it yourself);
durability (tested by time);
good vapor permeability (walls "breathe").

Cons of expanded clay concrete:

Increased water absorption (need waterproofing, protection from external atmospheric influences);
Requires a solid foundation;
The presence of cold bridges (it is problematic to make thin seams due to significant deviations in the size of the blocks);
There is a material of "handicraft" production with low quality (due to the simplicity of manufacturing technology).

It should also be noted that expanded clay concrete is quite versatile. Suitable for both the construction of load-bearing walls in low-rise construction, and for the construction of partitions, floors, ceilings. This material is often used simply as a heater.

Arbolit

Refers to lightweight concrete. Another name is also used - wood concrete blocks. Cement, water, organic aggregates, chemical additives are used for manufacturing. Moreover, as fillers (80-90% of the total volume) can be used different materials- wood chips (often), flax or hemp fire, cotton stalks, etc.

Chemical additives are used to eliminate negative impact organics on the process of cement hardening. It can be: liquid glass, calcium chloride, aluminum sulfate, etc.

Arbolite advantages:

environmental friendliness;
low thermal conductivity (you can do without a heater);
good fire resistance (does not support combustion, and when exposed to fire it only chars);
the speed of building walls (blocks of sufficiently large sizes);
high bending strength (has the ability to restore shape after exposure to loads - due to the presence of wood particles);
a powerful foundation is not required (as, for example, for aerated concrete);
you can easily screw screws into the walls, hammer in nails (they hold securely).

Disadvantages of wood concrete:

protection from moisture is required (due to the presence of organic substances in the composition);
in some regions the material is difficult to find;
the price can be clearly overstated by the manufacturer (therefore, making wood concrete with your own hands is popular).

In general, we can say that this is a pretty good building material for building walls. Moreover, if you wish, you can make it yourself.

It is used for low-rise buildings (usually up to 3 floors). It can be both residential buildings and commercial buildings.

cinder block

This stone is produced by vibrocompression or natural shrinkage of cinder concrete mortar is used. The binder is cement, the filler is slag from metallurgical production.

However, it must be emphasized right away that at present it is customary to consider all stones that are made by vibrocompression from concrete mortar as cinder blocks. As a filler, in addition to slag, granite screenings, broken bricks, hardened cement, cullet, etc. can also be used.

In this case, the resulting blocks can be both full-bodied and with voids (which, in turn, can be different shapes and size).

Advantages of cinder block:

does not burn;
not afraid of temperature changes;
long service life (about 100 years);
affordable price;
good sound insulation;
retains heat well (due to the porous structure), although it is inferior in this regard to some other materials (for example, aerated concrete);
high strength;
building walls is easier than, for example, laying bricks (the block sizes are much larger).

Cons of cinder block:

Hygroscopic (capable of absorbing moisture by 75%) - waterproofing is needed;
The walls still need to be insulated;
The composition may contain substances of dubious origin that can have a toxic effect on the human body (production waste makes itself felt);
the environmental friendliness of the blocks depends on the integrity of the manufacturer;
the high strength of the material makes it difficult to lay cables and pipes in it;
the walls have an unpresentable appearance (therefore, finishing is required).

In general, we can say that cinder block is a good material for building walls. It is also used for laying the foundation, building partitions.

However, many are stopped by the question of harmfulness. Therefore, for residential buildings, they often prefer to use other options - brick, aerated concrete, etc. A cinder block - for outbuildings, garages, fences.

Building materials for the walls of the house: draw conclusions

As you can see, today the market offers many options for solving this issue. The house can be built the way you want - not only appearance, but also in terms of thermal insulation, strength and other characteristics.

Therefore, choose the best material for building the walls of the house and ... for work.

And now, as promised, a survey among our readers.