The reinforced concrete foundation is operated in the ground and needs to be protected from moisture. Coating waterproofing is the simplest technology that does not require high professionalism when processing with your own hands. Depending on the plasticizer, filler and the required level of protection of load-bearing structures, the mastic consumption and drying time change.

Processing 1 m² of surface with bituminous resin is very expensive, the film “flows” in the heat, cracks in the cold. Therefore, modern mastics contain components that improve the properties of the material:

• plasticizer - rubber crumb, latex resin, rubber, mineral oil;
• filler - ash, brick dust, quartz, lime;
• reinforcing additives - asbestos, basalt wool;
• inhibitors - inhibitors of corrosion of metals.

Cold (liquid) mastic.

Cold mastic is more convenient to work with, it hardens immediately after the solvent has evaporated. Hot waterproofing for the foundation is preheated to 160 - 180 degrees, hardens when cooled.

The average consumption for a single-layer do-it-yourself application per 1 m² is:

• hot waterproofing - 2 kg (2 mm film layer);
• water base - 1 - 1.5 kg (film 0.6 - 1.2 mm);
• on solvent - 1 - 1.5 kg (0.5 - 1 mm film).

Hot (hard) mastic

Under normal conditions (lack of precipitation, 20 degrees), cold mastic dries for 5-24 hours (solvent, dispersion, respectively), hot modifications harden in 4 hours. When choosing which layer is better to apply than to cover reinforced concrete structures, factors are taken into account:

• terms of work;
• coating consumption;
• atmospheric conditions;
• price of materials;
• film layer resource.

The minimum outside air temperature is -5 degrees for hot products, solvent-based mastics. For water-based compositions, this threshold is +5 degrees, but twice the base moisture content is allowed (8% instead of 4%).

If for most paints and varnishes the characteristic is important - hiding power, then for mastics the “dry residue” is much more important. This property is indicated by most manufacturers on the packaging, it allows you to determine how much substance remains on the surface after curing. Preferably waterproof coatings with a dry residue of 60 - 70% than 20 - 40%, as the overall material consumption and labor costs are reduced.

Hot mastics are cheaper, comply with GOST 2889, but require additional equipment(heating, application). The main characteristics of the most popular waterproofing coatings are:

• Bitumen-rubber mastic - 25 years of service life, suitable for inclined surfaces of 45 degrees (does not slip when heated), frost resistance -60 degrees, permissible operational heating +100 degrees, antiseptic, even coating, heating is not needed.
• Rubber-bitumen coating - drying - 24 hours, curing - 7 days, the film is vibration-resistant, tear-resistant (stretching 200%).
• Bitumen-oil modifications are cheaper than others, they are not afraid of heating, frost, they do not form a film, the coating is considered self-healing, they are not suitable for processing inclined planes.
• Bitumen-latex mastic - suitable for operation from -35 to +80 degrees, reliably seals the seams of rolled insulation, suitable for gluing materials, withstands pressure.

To seal the seams of prefabricated strip foundations, it is better to use special compounds. For example, waterproofing plasters, penetrating mixtures.

Surface preparation

All do-it-yourself work must be done without violating SNiP 3.04.01 (insulation), SP 45.13330 (foundations), manuals MDS 12-34, recommendations of the Institute of Industrial Buildings. In order to better roll out the material on the surface of the foundation, to increase adhesion when brushed, it is necessary to perform the following operations:

• surface cleaning - random mortar, film residues, chips from plank formwork must be removed;
• sealing of technological seams - relevant for prefabricated tapes from FBS blocks, a waterstop, sealant or swelling cord is used, depending on the level ground water(UGV), the presence of pressure;
• leveling - the films formed after the curing of bituminous mastic have high elasticity, therefore it is enough to repair only large cavities, level the seams with special plasters (moisture-resistant modifications).

Waterproofing must be continuous - any untreated area, a large scratch from a stone during backfilling will negate the effectiveness of the work. Therefore, the outer and inner faces of the reinforced concrete tape are processed (if the house is without a basement), its upper surface.

The vertical layer must be connected to the waterproofing mat under the base of the foundation, the edges of which must be released before pouring the MZLF. They are glued to the walls of the tape, the transition areas of the coating / roll waterproofing are treated with 3 - 4 layers of insulation.

Then the concrete surfaces of the foundation must be treated with a special primer. It can be diluted bituminous mastics or a polymer primer. It binds dust, strengthens the surface layer, improves wettability, fills pores.

The characteristics of the material are as follows:

• consumption - 0.2 - 0.4 l per 1 m²;
• drying - 1 hour emulsion, 6 - 12 hours bituminous, 15 minutes polymer.

The material is easy to apply with your own hands (brush, roller), increases the cost of building a foundation by 7 - 10 rubles / m2 maximum.

Application

One-component formulations are ready to use, two-component mixtures should be kneaded with your own hands in accordance with the instructions on the package. In the latter case, it is necessary to pay attention to the life of the material - immediately after mixing the bituminous base with the hardener, the mixture begins to harden. It is necessary to take into account the configuration of the foundation, the availability of access in all areas, to realistically evaluate your own performance in order to have time to work out the entire volume.

Applying mastic to the surface.

Depending on consistency, required layer thickness, configuration strip foundation bituminous waterproofing is applied with a sprayer, roller, brush, spatula:

• recommended overlap of strips 5 cm;
• consumption of about 1.3 kg per 1 m²;
• concrete processing from the bottom up.

In the corners, waterproofing is usually reinforced with fiberglass.

The next layer of cold mastic begins to be applied to the still wet previous one. To improve the quality of waterproofing, a reinforcing layer (fiberglass, polymer plaster mesh) is usually laid between the layers. Coarse sand can be applied to the finish coat, which increases the strength of the film several times. Consumption in each subsequent layer is slightly reduced, since the lower film of bituminous mastic levels the wall.

Fiberglass can be used to reinforce corners.

backfilling

Experts repeatedly remind about the need for a continuous layer of waterproofing. At the stage of backfilling the sinuses of the foundation pit bituminous mastic easily damaged by stones, gravel. Therefore, it is recommended to use non-metallic materials of fine fraction (for example, sand), which additionally protect the tape from tangential swelling forces. Consumption will increase, but the quality of the waterproofing film layer will provide maximum service life

The thermal insulation circuit completely solves the problem of protecting bituminous mastic:

• pasting the outer surface of the foundation tape with extruded polystyrene foam;
• insulation of the blind area at a level of 30 - 40 cm from the surface of the earth.

The budget expenditure in this case is fully justified for the operated underground floor. Insulation shifts the dew point outward, preventing fogging internal walls. However, in the absence of a basement floor, insulation is often not needed; in this case, you can protect the waterproofing with a layer of geotextile.

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Tips for beginners on working with sugar mastic.

TIPS FOR WORKING WITH MASTIC

Why sometimes through the coating of sugar mastic, the base begins to shine through?

Any kind of sugar paste that is used to cover the cake is very sensitive to moisture, so it is necessary to protect the cake covered with sugar paste from moisture.
First, it is necessary to use dry biscuits, butter cakes or purchased biscuits as a base.
Secondly, do not be too zealous when soaking the cake with sugar syrup or liquor.
Thirdly, the cake covered with sugar mastic should be stored in tightly closed airtight boxes or plastic bags.

How long can a cake covered with sugar mastic be stored?

If the cake is wet, then it will take longer for the cake to dry.
If the cake is very dry, then there is a danger that after two days the mastic with which the cake is covered will warp.
It should also be borne in mind that in a dry and hot climate, the shelf life of a cake covered with mastic is less than in a cool and humid climate.

Why does sugar paste break?

When rolling out sugar mastic, it should be borne in mind that its thickness should not be very thin. It is enough to roll out the mastic to a thickness of 2-3 mm.
In addition to the fact that during the coating of the cake, thinly rolled mastic can tear, under the thinly rolled mastic, all the irregularities of the base of the cake are visible.

On what basis to roll out sugar mastic?

There are several options for rolling mastic.
1) sugar mastic can be rolled out on a table sprinkled with powdered sugar or starch
2) it is convenient to roll sugar mastic between two large sheets of polyethylene, which are lubricated with vegetable oil.

The advantage of the second method is that it is not necessary to separate the mastic from the polyethylene to cover the cake. After the mastic is rolled out to a thickness of 2-3 mm, it is enough to remove the top sheet and transfer the mastic on polyethylene to the cake, and only when the mastic already covers the cake, separate the polyethylene from the mastic.

With this method, I did not get a smooth surface of the mastic, because I used thin polyethylene, which, when rolled out, moved out and formed wrinkles. But I liked the resulting “structured” surface of the mastic, so I did not take thicker polyethylene.

I think the polyethylene that is used for greenhouses will allow you to get a smooth surface, since it is dense enough not to form wrinkles when rolling mastic through it.

How to make sugar fondant on a cake sparkle.

To make the sugar fondant on the cake shine, after you have finished decorating the cake, cover the fondant with a 1:1 solution of honey and vodka.
To do this, take a soft brush and, wetting it in the solution, apply a honey-vodka solution to your creation. After a few minutes, the vodka will evaporate and your cake will be shiny.

How to store mastic and how much?

Any sugar mastic can be stored for several days, up to a week, in well-closed plastic bags or plastic containers.

There is nothing to spoil in sugar mastic, it is important just to protect the mastic from air so that it does not dry out and from moisture so that the mastic does not get wet.

A few tips when working with mastic from "Marshmallow"

1. When buying sweets, their name does not have to be "Marshmallows". It is enough that the name contains a combination of "..mallows.." or "..mallow..".
For example, "Chamallows", "Frutmallows", "Mallow-Mix", "Mini Mallows", "Banana Mallows", etc.
In Russia, marshmallows are produced by the Nestle company - "Bon Pari, tutti-frutti soufflé" and "Bon Pari, soufflé".
2. Powdered sugar for mastic should be very finely ground. If sugar crystals are caught in it, then when rolling, the layer will tear.
Depending on the type of candy, powdered sugar may be required much more than indicated in the recipe, so she needs to stock up in advance in large quantities.
If during kneading the mastic remains sticky for a long time, then you need to stir in and mix in the powder until the desired consistency is obtained.
3. Mastic coating should NEVER be applied on a wet base - on impregnated cakes, on sour cream, etc. Mastic quickly dissolves from moisture.
Therefore, there must be a "buffer layer" between the mastic and the cake. It can be marzipan or a thin layer of buttercream.
If used oil cream, then before applying the mastic, it is necessary that the cake stand in the refrigerator until the cream hardens.
4. For gluing different parts of mastic figures or for gluing decorations on a mastic coating, the place of gluing should be slightly moistened with water.
5. When exposed to air for a long time, the mastic dries out.
Some figurines, such as flowers, cups, spoons, plates, tables and chairs, are best made in advance and let them dry well.
6. Marshmallow figurines can be decorated on top with food coloring.
7. If the mastic has cooled down and began to roll out poorly, then it can be slightly warmed up in the microwave or hot oven and it will become plastic again.
8. You can store underused mastic in the refrigerator (1-2 weeks) or in the freezer (1-2 months), after wrapping it in plastic film.
9. Ready dried mastic figures should be stored in a tightly closed box in a dry place. Such figures are stored for several months.
Marshmallows are often mistakenly called marshmallows. But this is not a marshmallow, although it looks like it, but it is prepared without eggs. Marshmallows are marshmallow-like candies made from sugar or corn syrup, edible starch, softened water, gelatin, dextrose, and flavorings, beaten to a sponge.

Marshmallow tastes like marshmallow or marshmallow, but more airy and viscous.

This is a souffle, which was originally prepared from marshmallow. The very name "marsh mallow" is translated as "marsh mallow", that is, marshmallow. A sticky, jelly-like white mass was obtained from the marshmallow root. Over time, marshmallows were replaced with gelatin and starch. Modern "airy" marshmallows first appeared in the US in the 1950s. They were made by Kraft. The new generation of Americans no longer knows the true taste of marsh mallow candy, only the name remains.
Small pieces of marshmallows are added to salads, desserts, ice cream, they decorate cakes and pastries. American children love to put marshmallow pieces in a cup of hot cocoa. It is also a traditional picnic treat. A piece of marshmallow is pierced on a long twig and lightly roasted over an open fire.

Marshmallows are also used to make mastic for decorating cakes and pastries.
Compound:

Marshmallow - 90-100g (one pack of marshmallows)
lemon juice or water - ~1 tbsp. a spoon
powdered sugar - ~ 1-1.5 cups

To do this, add a tablespoon of lemon juice or water to 100 g of marshmallow and heat it in microwave oven 10-20 seconds, or in a water bath, until the marshmallows slightly melt and increase in volume.
Then gradually introduce the sifted icing sugar and stir the mass with a spatula until thickened.
Then spread the mixture on a table sprinkled with powdered sugar and knead with your hands until a mass similar to plasticine is formed, which will not stick to your hands.
Mastic is wrapped in cling film and put in the refrigerator for half an hour. The finished mastic is rolled out with a rolling pin and figures are cut out or molded from it to decorate desserts.

If the layer of mastic that covered the cake is torn

And all these seams, patches can be easily removed with a wide brush, which you dip in water and “plaster” to a perfect surface, smoothing the mastic and sealing the seams and imperfections. And where there is an air bubble under the mastic, you can simply pierce it with a needle and smooth this place with your hand.

What is the best cream to use under cover?

The cake is better to align:
- oil cream
- boiled condensed milk
- ganache
- marzipan mass

In the first three cases, the cake must be removed in the cold so that its surface hardens.

at what stage is oil added to the mastic?
I added oil when I sent the mastic to the microwave.

how to knead marshmallow mastic:

The mastic should become homogeneous, dense, not porous, not sticky, plastic. If during operation the mastic becomes too elastic and hard, it should be slightly heated in micro, rumpled with hands, or if it is overheated, knead it in powder and work on. If the mastic begins to crumble, you can add a little water or lime. juice and knead again.

A little about the batch itself. I read a lot of tips on how to make marshmallow mastic. I am categorically against the complete melting of marmosets and stirring them to a homogeneous mass. I heat them up, wait for them to swell and immediately pour them into sahs. powder and knead. If they are overheated, the mastic will be grains and crumble. And one more thing, when marmyshkas are very hot (actually melted) when sugar is added. powder she (powder) begins to gather in lumps Pts. dense and these lumps then interfere with work ...

how to cover a cake evenly with fondant

There will be no wrinkles on the sides if you roll out the mastic with a large margin and when you start to cover, the mastic will stretch well under its weight and lie flat. Only the cream for leveling under the mastic should be very good. well cured so that dents do not appear during coating.
when I cover the cake with mastic, I have at least 10-15 cm in stock around the entire circumference. That's when she has weight and she can pull off. First I smooth out all this stock on the table so that it lays down without wrinkles, and then the sides of the cake are easily smoothed out. And then I just cut everything in a circle with a pizza knife, leaving 0.5 cm in reserve (otherwise the mastic can rise).

The time after which the work surface treated with mastic is ready for full operation depends on various conditions, which, one way or another, affect the drying of bituminous mastic. The drying rate of the mastic also differs significantly depending on the various additives and the bases of its production.

Those external factors should be listed, the independent impact of which affects how much bituminous mastic dries:

• The thickness of the layer of mastic applied to the treated surface;
• Temperature environment and the level of its fluctuation;
• The level of air humidity;
• Presence or absence of exposure to direct sunlight;
• The type of material from which the machined surfaces are made.

The curing and acceptance by the mastic of the final consistency depends on the rate of evaporation of the chemical solvent that is contained in the composition of this waterproofing material.

Manufacturers of building bituminous mastics declare the average drying time from one to 3 days. Various technological features in the manufacture of this material affect this period.

In practice, there are cases when the lack of time for construction work does not allow a long wait for the mastic to dry. In this case, experts resort to fairly simple, but effective ways speeding up this process.

So, for the rapid evaporation of the solvent in the composition of the mastic, when it is applied, notched trowels are used. The layer of mastic applied in this way, due to the presence of grooves, and consequently an increase in the evaporation area, dries much faster without significant loss in the quality of the result.

After applying the mastic to the surface to be treated, it is necessary to isolate the place of work from possible ingress of moisture on the surface and protect it from mechanical damage. This will ensure uniform drying of the layer without differences in its thickness.

In the case of processing objects or surfaces that are not outdoors, but indoors, you can apply various systems forced heating (heat guns, heaters, etc.), which will significantly speed up the drying process of the mastic. However, in these cases, it is important to follow the fire safety rules and to exclude as much as possible the possibility of people being in this room, since the emitted vapors can cause significant damage to human health.

It should be noted that the duration of drying of the mastics can also be affected by the shelf life of this material in the package.

Drying time of various types of mastics

Despite the fact that bituminous mastics are produced according to uniform state standards, their drying time may vary.

For this indicator, in addition to the above external factors, may also be affected by the presence of various bases, additives and impurities in the composition of the mastic. For example, rubber-bitumen mastic, which is used mainly in the field of car repair, has a shorter drying time, which can be from 12 to 24 hours. Bitumen-rubber mastic brand "Universal" has a longer drying time - 24 hours.

One of the most popular brands of waterproofing mastics "Gidroizol" dries out in 24-48 hours after its application. Mastics of the TechnoNIKOL trademark harden within 24 hours after their surfaces have been treated.

Petroleum bitumen has long been the only material for waterproofing building structures - roofs, basements, pipes and concrete trays.

Low cost and good performance provided him wide application in construction.

However, in pure form bitumen cannot be called a good waterproofing agent. The reason is that after cooling, the bituminous film cracks from low temperatures, and under the influence of the summer heat it begins to flow.

Therefore, building science has been constantly searching for additives that eliminate these shortcomings.

As a result of numerous experiments and full-scale tests, bituminous mastic for roofing has become, which, in addition to the main binder, includes a plasticizing agent and mineral additives.

Today, latex, rubber, oil and rubber are used as components that prevent cracking of bitumen. In addition to them, various mineral substances are introduced into the composition of mastics based on bituminous resins: basalt wool, asbestos, ash, lime, crushed quartz or brick dust.

Fillers reinforce the waterproofing, increasing its crack resistance and hardness, and also save the main binder. In addition, the use of bituminous mastic for the protection of metal structures requires good anti-corrosion properties from it. Therefore, inhibitors are added to the composition of modern bitumen compositions - substances that slow down the corrosion of iron.

Classification of bituminous mastics

1. According to the technological features of the application

Depending on the temperature range at which bitumen softens and hardens, hot and cold mastics are distinguished. The former are heated to +160 C before application. At this temperature, bitumen passes into a plastic state, and after application to the insulated surface, it hardens.

In cold mastic, bitumen is mixed with a solvent. Therefore, it does not need to be heated, but hardens after the solvent has evaporated.

According to the method of preparation, cold hardening bituminous mastics are divided into:

one-component

two-component

One-component bituminous mastic for waterproofing the foundation can be used immediately after the container has been opened.

It is convenient for work, but not for storage. Having opened such a mastic, it must be fully worked out. Otherwise, it will harden and become unusable.

Production and sale of bituminous building materials: bituminous mastic of all kinds. Prices, characteristics, types and description of mastics.

The two-component composition must first be prepared by adding a thickener to the bituminous composition and mixing the components well. It takes time, but it avoids unjustified losses. It is also important that the shelf life of two-component mastics is several times longer than that of one-component mastics.

2. By type of elastic additives

Depending on the type of additives that improve the elasticity and strength of mastics, GOST divides them into rubber-bitumen, polyurethane-bitumen, bitumen-latex, bitumen-rubber and bitumen-oil.

Each of the listed compositions is the same bitumen-polymer mastic, the properties and method of application of which do not differ significantly. Rubber and rubber, latex and polyurethane create a homogeneous waterproofing coating, eliminating the two main disadvantages of petroleum bitumen - fluidity at high temperatures and cracking at low temperatures.

Between themselves, bituminous mastics differ in the strength and elasticity of the film formed, as well as in the temperature regime of operation.

For example, bitumen with polyurethane or rubber holds the record for elasticity. The protective film formed by it can increase the original length by almost 20 times without forming gaps.

An exception is a bituminous composition containing an oil solvent. This is a non-hardening mastic. It is ideal for isolating underground utilities subject to constant groundwater and vibration loads.

Adhesive bitumen-oil mastic does not form a rigid film, therefore it does not crack and maintains the integrity of the insulation.

This one-component mastic is not afraid of frost down to -50C and can withstand heating up to +80C. However, for roofing works where a strong protective membrane is required, it is not suitable. It is dominated by bitumen-polymer compositions that harden in air.

Elastic rubber-bitumen mastic used to be mainly used for automotive body work. It firmly adheres to any surface (even with open metal), is not afraid of vibration, shock and stretching. Temperature regime its application is very wide (from -40C to + 100C).

You can work with rubber-bitumen insulation on any surface: wood, metal, concrete and brick. Like other bituminous mastics, it can be used as a basis for gluing rolled waterproofing. It dries in about 24 hours maximum strength collects in 7 days.

Cold bitumen-rubber mastic is similar in its properties, which has high operational and technological characteristics:

• Does not require hot work
• Optimal for processing complex profiles, joints, junctions and transitions of different surfaces
• Forms a uniform and even coating
• Biocidal and antiseptic
• It has high heat resistance (up to +100С), frost resistance (up to -60С) and adhesion to an inclined surface (up to an angle of 45°)
• Service life reaches 25 years.

Bitumen-rubber mastic composition can be used for both minor and medium repair of roofing, waterproofing of concrete tanks, basements, bathrooms and balconies.

Inexpensive bitumen-latex mastic is made by mixing petroleum bitumen with an emulsion of synthetic rubber (latex). It is easy to apply, adheres well to the substrate, and is resistant to water and aggressive substances. The elasticity of this waterproofing is preserved up to a temperature of -35 C, and fluidity is observed when heated above + 80C.

The latex mastic composition is applied without preheating. They can isolate any types of building structures, as well as glue roofing material, plywood and insulation.

Application technology

All mastic compositions based on petroleum bitumen are applied in two ways: manual and mechanical. Manual is used for small volumes of insulation, and compressors with sprayers are used to treat areas measured in hundreds and thousands of square meters.

Surface preparation for all mastics is the same: it must be cleaned of dust, peeling layers of the old coating and debris. Cracks are carefully sealed, after which the surface is dried and coated with a primer (primer). This primer is sold ready-made or mixed on the site from mastic and its corresponding solvent.

Some types of modern bituminous mastics do not need to dry the base. This point is specified separately by the manufacturer in the instructions.

The mastic is applied with wide flat brushes, sprayers, spatulas or rollers, controlling the uniformity of the insulation thickness. The strips are arranged in parallel, with a slight "overlap" (5-10 cm).

After one layer dries, the next one is applied. For waterproofing roofs, pools and basements, from 2 to 4 layers of insulation are used, reinforcing them with a reinforcing fiberglass mesh. For vertical walls (application is carried out from the bottom up), a 2-layer coating is usually sufficient.

The consumption of bitumen-rubber and rubber-bitumen compositions depends on the type of work and the number of layers. When sticking roofing material in one layer, it ranges from 250 to 800 grams per 1 m2. If the mastic is used as the main material for multi-layer roofing, then its consumption with a coating thickness of 10 mm is on average 16-18 kg / m2.

For a single-layer waterproofing of building structures (basements, walls, containers), 5 to 7 kg of bitumen-latex mastic mixture will be required. If we are talking about a new roof, when 3-4 layers of mastic reinforced with mesh are applied to the surface, then its consumption increases to 12-14 kg / m2.

Bitumen-oil mastic for processing one square meter the surface of the pipes is required from 1 to 1.5 kg. With a two-layer application, its consumption accordingly increases to 1.5-3 kg.

Manufacturers and estimated prices

The largest domestic companies producing a wide range of bituminous mastics for various purposes are TechnoNIKOL, Grida, RusMonolit and MPK KRZ. They produce products of stable and predictable quality, which fully meets the requirements of GOST.

The average price of a standard 19-kilogram bucket of bitumen-rubber and bitumen-rubber mastic, depending on the manufacturer and region of sale, ranges from 1600 to 2000 rubles.

Bitumen-latex mastic is much cheaper and its price is in the range from 1000 to 1200 rubles per bucket (19 kg).

For a bucket of hot bituminous mastic, sellers ask from 700 to 900 rubles.

MASTIC OF COLD APPLICATION

BITUMEN-POLYMER UNIVERSAL

GENERAL INFORMATION:

Mastic MBH-U (TU-TU-2384-001-24237882-01) is a one-component, universal, multifunctional, ready-to-use cold product. It is a stable, homogeneous solution of petroleum bitumen modified with polymer additives in hydrocarbon solvents with a mineral filler.

Mastic is conveniently applied to the surface with a brush, spatula or rubber squeegee. When dried, an elastic rubber-like polymeric smooth black coating forms on the surface.

As a result of the introduction of cold-applied bitumen-polymer mastics of the MBKh-U brand, the use of hot bitumen is excluded at the facilities, which greatly simplifies and reduces the cost of work, improves the working conditions of roofers, insulators and parquet workers, and increases the safety of work.

Mastic MBH-U is packed in plastic containers with a capacity of 3, 5, 10, 20 liters. By agreement with the customer, the packaging of the mastic can be changed.

MASTIC MBH-U IS INTENDED FOR:

devices for pouring and repairing mastic roofs,

gluing roll materials,

for gluing parquet, chipboard, plywood and other wooden products, linoleum on any surface.

anti-corrosion treatment for metal: pipes, fences and other metal surfaces;

for external and internal waterproofing of foundations, basements, balconies, cellars, piles, supports and other objects, concrete, reinforced concrete, metal, wood and other building structures buried in the ground or in contact with a humid or aggressive environment

insulation of underground steel pipelines of other structures in order to protect them from soil corrosion.

Waterproofing and biocidal treatment of wooden structures in contact with a humid environment (parts of buildings buried in the ground);

for waterproofing swimming pools, bathrooms and showers before laying tiles, tiles

Waterproofing works with MBKh-U mastic can be carried out on damp up to (10%) concrete surfaces

Temperature stability of the mastic on a slope of 45, not more than 85 C

Coatings based on MBKh-U mastic have high elasticity at temperatures from +100 to -40 C

High adhesion (stickiness) to various surfaces

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE:

Clean the surface from dirt, remnants of the old coating, loose plastic rust (mechanically). The remaining rust is recommended to be treated with a rust modifier.

Apply the thoroughly mixed mastic with a spatula, brush, roller or spray for viscous formulations. Apply in layers no thicker than 1.0 mm.

For gluing with a well-prepared even substrate, one layer is sufficient. For waterproofing and installation of mastic roofs, it is necessary to apply 2-3 layers. Each layer is applied after drying “to touch” (~2-3 hours at t=20°C) of the previous layer.

Final drying - at least 24 hours. At low temperatures drying time is increased.

Work with mastic is allowed at a temperature not lower than -10°C. At negative temperatures, the mastic is recommended to be heated up to +30...+50°.

In case of thickening or when applied by spray, dilute with WELLUX or AUTONOL white spirit, other organic solvents can be used. When the mastic gets on paintwork- Remove immediately with a rag soaked in gasoline or thinner.

CONSUMPTION: depending on the surface, but 1 kg is recommended. sq.m.

BEST BEFORE DATE:

In the sealed container of the manufacturer 24 months from the date of production indicated on the control tape.

PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MBKH-U MASTIC

Name of indicator, unit measurements
Conditional tensile strength of the film, MPa (kgf / cm 2), not less than
Relative elongation, %, not less
Heat resistance, on a slope of 45 (С), not less than
Water absorption of the film after 24 hours, % by mass, no more
Adhesion to concrete, MPa (kgf / cm 2), not less than
Water resistance at a pressure of 0.001 MPa (0.01 kgf / cm 2), hour, not less
Flexibility on a beam with a rounding radius of 10 mm at a temperature, (С), no more
Mass fraction of non-volatile substances, %

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS:

Bitumen-polymer mastic is a fire hazardous and explosion-proof product, which is due to the properties of the solvents included in its composition.

Keep away from fire!

If bitumen-polymer mastic gets into the eyes, they must be rinsed with plenty of water.

If it enters the stomach, it is necessary to rinse it with a 2-5% soda solution, induce vomiting and provide plenty of fluids. In any case, see a doctor. In case of contact with hands, they must be wiped with a rag soaked in gasoline or other solvent, and then washed with water.

TRANSPORT AND STORAGE:

Mastic MBKh-U can be transported by any type of covered transport that provides the conditions for the transportation of flammable goods in compliance with the transportation rules established for this type of transport.

Bitumen-polymer mastic should be stored in a hermetically sealed container, in a room intended for storage of flammable materials, at a temperature of minus 15 to plus 30°C.

Waterproofing mastic appeared recently, but every year it is used more and more. This is due to the ease of use and ease of application, which significantly reduces the time for arranging the insulation of the building. Attractive is the price of the material, which is acceptable to all segments of the population.

What is mastic, bituminous cold use? What is its fundamental difference from a material that must first be heated before use? Before choosing a mastic suitable for insulating work, you need to understand its characteristics and properties.

General information about the material

Bituminous mastic is a material with increased plasticity, it is based on bitumen (black resin, solid). Previously, bitumen mixtures had to be heated before use.

This caused some inconvenience, as the time for arranging waterproofing work increased, and besides, these works are fire hazardous. Therefore, manufacturers have developed an innovative material that can be used in cold waterproofing work.

As part of the mastics there are solvents that keep it in a liquid state. According to the principle of application, such compositions are comparable to paint - as soon as the material hits the surface, the diluent evaporates and the composition hardens, forming a high-quality insulation layer.

Types of compositions

Bituminous mastic for waterproofing cold application is divided into two types:

• ready-to-use mixtures, solvents are present in their composition. You can work with such material in any weather, even in the cold season. These compounds dry in 24 hours. But the material acquires its properties after a while, usually it takes 1 week. This type of mastic is produced for roof insulation, however, the use of a material based on a solvent is quite common and can be used on any surface;
• water-based mastics, odorless, produced on the basis of water. The compositions are environmentally friendly, they are used indoors for insulation work in bathrooms and kitchens. The drying time for these compounds is several hours. There is a slight drawback to the aqueous emulsion - it does not tolerate negative temperatures, even during storage.

Composition modifications

Depending on what components, in addition to bitumen, are included in the composition of the mastic, they are divided into subspecies:

• Unmodified - there are no improving components, such as polymers, in the composition of the coatings. Professionals do not recommend using this material when arranging roof waterproofing, but it is ideal for other structures. But it is worth remembering that such a mastic is not used in case of strong temperature changes and if the structure is heated.
• Bitumen-polymer - roofing, modified mastic. This material is not afraid of high temperatures. The fact that it qualitatively increases the adhesion between the rolled material and the surface is also positive.
• Mastic, bituminous rubber - which includes crumb rubber. This type of solution is used to isolate metal structures, as it has anti-corrosion properties. But for roofing, this material is not used.
• Bitumen-based rubber mastics - liquid rubber. Composition with increased elasticity, and excellent mechanical and physical properties. The most suitable composition for arranging roof waterproofing.

When carrying out waterproofing work with any materials, you need to carefully prepare the surface - remove dust and dirt, degrease if necessary and dry. After that, apply a bituminous primer to the plane, which will improve the quality of the work being done.

All bituminous coatings are divided into several types depending on the number of components:

• one-component - ready-to-use mixtures;
• two-component - are mixed before application with a hardener.

The characteristics of this material are very high, since the compositions are professional. When mixing mastic, you must strictly follow the instructions from the manufacturer and observe the proportions. If you put a hardener that is more than recommended, then the lifetime of the composition will become much shorter, and it will be spoiled.

The quality of the compositions

In addition to the fact that cold bituminous mastic reduces the time of waterproofing work, and is easy to use, as mentioned above, it has a huge number of positive aspects:

• you can get a composition of any density, just add a solvent;
• durability - the modified composition can last more than 25 years, without losing its insulating properties;
• versatility - any surface can be treated with bituminous mastic;
• ease of use - the composition can be applied independently with a trowel, roller or brush.

Like any material, waterproofing mastic has disadvantages:

• price - if we consider mastics for waterproofing, bituminous polymer, then their cost differs significantly upwards;
• unlike hot applied bituminous mastic, this material shrinks more strongly, which, as a result, increases the consumption of insulation.

Mastic consumption per 1 m2 of waterproofing depends on the method of application, for example, when applying an adhesive layer, 1 kg of composition per square is sufficient. If you create a complete insulation with mastic, then it will take up to 5 kg. Knowing these parameters, it is very easy to calculate how much material will go.

Where is mastic applied?

The use of bituminous mastic, as a rule, occurs in the following cases:

• The composition is used when installing soft tiles on the roof, or rolled material. Its use is justified in the repair of a leaky roof, and the construction of a soft bituminous roof.
• Waterproofing of building foundations. With the help of rubber mastic, an insulating layer is equipped during the construction of a pile foundation. Other types of compositions can be used as horizontal or vertical waterproofing. Inside the building and outside.
• Floor waterproofing. Mastic is used under a rough screed, or under a bulk coating. It is possible to isolate plates on loggias in basements, garages. Often it is used in bathrooms, toilets, showers.
• Insulation work on terraces and pools. Liquid rubber is well suited for this, which is applicable to any surface.

The use of these compounds is justified, even despite the considerable cost.

DIY mastic

Some private developers are wondering how to weld bituminous mastic with their own hands in order to reduce construction costs. First of all, you need to purchase the ingredients:

• bitumen;
• plasticizer;
• filler.

The components are purchased in the right amount, it depends on what area will be covered with insulation.

Let's say we need 10 kg of material, for this we take:

• bituminous resin - 8.5 kg;
• filler - 1 kg;
• plasticizer 0 0.5 kg.

The filler can be: sawdust, rubber crumb, mineral wool or asbestos. For plasticity, kerosene or mining is added.

Before putting bitumen in a container with thick walls and putting it on fire, it must be crushed well and mixed with the filler.

The capacity must be large. Since when heated, the composition will increase in size.

The temperature should be no more than 190 degrees, since bitumen tends to decompose at high temperatures. If yellow-green bubbles begin to appear on the surface, this is the first sign that the temperature is too high.

At the right temperature, bituminous mastic should weld homogeneous and plastic. The plasticizer and filler must be added gradually and with constant stirring. If foam appears on the surface, it must be removed immediately.

Once all the ingredients are included in the composition, the material is ready. The composition created by one's own hands is stored for no more than a day, while it must be applied when the composition has cooled to 120 degrees.

DIY bitm primer

Before applying the mastic to the surface, it must not only be prepared, but also coated with a primer - a bitumen-based primer. The primer will help increase adhesion, and make the waterproofing much more reliable and better.

The composition of the primer prepared independently is gasoline and bitumen in a ratio of three to one.

How to cook

• in order for the soil to turn out to be of high quality, you need to heat the bitumen to 70 degrees and pour it into gasoline;
• bitumen is introduced into gasoline in small portions and mixed until completely dissolved;
• as soon as the soil is ready, the composition is filtered through a metal mesh.

Thanks to these instructions, you can save money on the purchase of finished material.

How to choose

There is currently a very large selection of this type of material on the market, and in order to buy exactly the one that is needed for your building, you need to carefully study the characteristics of the compositions. Visit specialized forums on the Internet, see what people who have already used bituminous mastic for waterproofing write.

In production, mastic is poured into hot containers, therefore, if a five-liter can weighs five kg, then you should not buy this material - it is not of high quality.

Mastics can have different properties and characteristics - this is due to different additives in the mixture. Initially, bitumen and rubber-bitumen mastics are thick. And for effective use, they should be diluted. How to do it right? Let's see how to dilute bituminous mastic and how to prepare it.

Classification

Each material is classified according to its composition according to different criteria. So, the compositions are divided according to the conditions of use, as well as additives. Mastics also differ in technological features. They differ in the possibility of operation at a certain temperature and conditions that ensure the process of hardening, softening.

For example, hot formulations should first be heated to temperatures of 160 degrees and above. After that, you can use the finished product for insulation work. Cold mixtures are used differently. In this case, you will have to make a solution. How to dilute the rubber-bitumen mastic depends on the method of application and other factors. Cold types of mastics should not be heated. Solvents are highly volatile and will evaporate from the surface during curing.

According to the method of preparation, all formulations are divided into one- and two-component. Materials from the first group are prepared as simply as possible. The mass can be used immediately without the need to add any ingredients.

Two-component materials must be prepared, after which they are ready for use. What can be used to dilute the bituminous mastic depends on where and how the insulation work will be performed.

What is used for breeding?

Depending on where the material will be applied, the proportions and density change. Otherwise, the composition simply will not be able to stay on the surface before it dries completely. Mastics are different, which means that the products for breeding will also be different.

Most often, materials are used to dilute:

• Motor gasoline or kerosene.
• White Spirit.
• Gasoline "Galosha".

In most cases, low-octane gasolines are used as thinners. The polymerization process of the dissolved composition takes 24 hours after application. This is provided that the work is done outdoors.

When choosing how to dilute bituminous mastic, you should definitely remember that even low-octane gasolines are flammable liquids. Vapors of any fuel are flammable. In the process of waterproofing work, do not use open fire.

As for the proportions, they must correspond to the volume of the base used. If you break them, then the mixture will dry out more slowly or the fluidity of the solution will increase. As a result, adhesion will decrease or beneficial features. In this case, the material will not carry protective functions.

How can you dilute the rubber-bitumen mastic? There are other materials as well. This is turpentine, any kind. It is not recommended to use acetone or liquids based on it for these purposes. Some craftsmen dissolve mastic in diesel fuel. The result is an inhomogeneous mixture. However, this solution fills all cracks and irregularities with the highest quality. If the mastic is liquid, it has better adhesion and good insulating properties.

Elastic and special additives in mastics

Gasoline, kerosene, white spirit are universal solvents. But when choosing how to dilute the rubber-bitumen mastic, the first step is to decide what characteristics are needed from the solution. Depending on the additives used in the composition, the materials are divided into:

• Bituminous rubber.
• Bitumen-polyurethane.
• Bitumen-latex.
• Oil and rubber compounds.

As you can see, bitumen is present in the composition of each material. But additives are different everywhere - hence the different properties. So, with the addition of polyurethane or rubber, you can get additional elasticity. This is important for most insulation work.

As a result, a strong film is formed, which is difficult to break. The film is easily stretched by 20 or more times, while it does not deform. One of the options for diluting rubber-bitumen mastic for roofing is motor gasoline.

Anti-corrosion mastic from bitumen with oil

If oil is added to the composition, the resulting mixture will not harden. This is important for processing pipes and other metal underground utilities. With the addition of oily materials, a sticky, but not rigid, film is obtained. It will not crack and will be able to maintain its integrity for a long time. This solution is not afraid of low and high temperatures. It is an ideal solution for treating heating systems. But it is not suitable for roofing work.

Additives for mastic for roofing

Experts, answering the question of how to dilute, recommend adding crumb rubber in addition to solvents. Such a coating will be strong and durable. And it can be applied to any type of surface. The material prepared in this way withstands mechanical loads, shocks and vibrations.

If you add rubber to the suction, you can prepare a cold mixture that does not require heating. In addition to high waterproofing properties, the material also acquires antiseptic characteristics along with high heat resistance.

Also for roofing, you can add to the mastic and liquid latex in the form of an emulsion. It is nothing but synthetic rubber. The product is extremely easy to prepare and apply, has excellent performance characteristics. The mixture is ideal for roofing.

How to prepare the right solution

An important point in the process of preparing mastic is the method of its application to the surface to be treated. The protective solution can be applied both manually and with the help of special equipment. The manual application method is relevant when the amount of work is small. If it is required to apply the composition over a large area, then mechanized application methods are used. The method of mixing depends on how the mastic will be applied. How to dilute rubber-bitumen mastic? Before you start preparing the mixture, you need to prepare the surface on which the composition will be applied.

If peeling is observed on the coating, it should be carefully cleaned and then dried. After that, it is recommended to apply a layer of primer, which can interact with mastics. These primers are called bituminous and are sold ready-made. But you can cook it yourself. Next, we'll tell you exactly how.

How to prepare a primer

The use of a primer is a guarantee of reliable adhesion of waterproofing materials to porous and non-smooth surfaces. The composition is suitable for priming concrete bases, cement-sand screeds.

The primer is a solution of petroleum bitumen. The softening temperature of the material is 80 degrees or more. For those who do not know how to dilute bituminous mastic, experts recommend using organic solvents. What could it be? These are kerosene, nefras, gasoline. They are added in a ratio of 1 to 1 or 1 to 5 by weight of the base.

To make a primer, you need pure bitumen - you need several pieces. Next, the bars are dissolved in gasoline or in. First, a solvent is poured into the prepared container - gasoline or mining. Next, the liquid is heated, and then crushed bitumen is added to the container.

The solution is heated to temperatures from 190 to 200 degrees. In the process of heating, you need to constantly mix the mass. Next, prepare a container that can withstand high temperatures. Its volume is determined by the amount of solution. For small areas, a bucket is suitable. It is enough for several square meters.

Conclusion

So, we figured out how to dilute the bituminous mastic for the foundation. Construction specialists give different advice during the preparation of the insulating material. So, when using gasoline and diesel, lumps may appear. But you need to dilute so that the mixture is not excessively liquid - this entails high flow mastics.

Bituminous mastic is an innovative construction material, which has high waterproofing and astringent properties. It consists of minerals, bitumen and organic matter. Affordable price and good results ensured its wide application in construction.

• 1 How and with what to dilute the mastic.
• 2 Methods for applying mastic.
• 3 Bituminous mastic. Consumption per m2.
• 4 How long does the mastic dry?
• 5 How to work with bituminous mastic. Video.

1. How and with what to dilute the mastic.

Substances used for dilution:

1. White Spirit;
2. Petrol;
3. Kerosene.

Proportions should be strictly observed, which depend on the volume of mastic used. Otherwise, this will lead to a slow drying of the solution and, as a result, to the loss of its protective qualities.

2. Methods for applying mastic.

There are two methods for applying mastic: cold and hot. cold way, in turn, is manual and mechanized. The first method is suitable if the object is small, and the second is used when the work area is large or hard-to-reach places need to be processed.

For manual method large paint brushes are used, flat brushes are ideal for such work. In addition, you can use a roller with a short nap.
With the mechanical method, the main tool is an airless sprayer having a pressure of 150 bar.

3. Bituminous mastic. Consumption per m2.

When installing and repairing soft roofs, consumption rates will be different and depend on the type of mastic:

• BIM - 8 - 10 kg/m²;
• bitumen in briquettes - 4-6 kg / m²;
• bitumen-rubber - 2-5 kg ​​/ m²;
• bitumen-polymer - 2-5 kg ​​/ m²;
• hydroelastic - 3-5 kg/m².

For sealing joints and seams:

• Germabutil-2M - 0.3 - 0.5 kg / linear meter;
• BK Fix - 0.3 - 0.5 kg / running meter;
• bitumen in briquettes - 0.5 - 1 kg / linear meter;
• hydroelastic - 0.3-0.5 1 kg / running meter.

Protection of metal coatings from corrosion:

• bitumen-polymer - 0.5-1.5 kg / m²;
• bitumen-rubber - 0.5-1.5 kg / m²;
• bitumen in briquettes - 0.5-1.5 kg / m².

For waterproofing the foundation, we take 2 - 4 kg / m².

4. How long does the mastic dry?

The average drying time is 1 - 3 days and depends on such factors:

• ambient temperature;
• air humidity level;
• the thickness of the applied layer;
• exposure to direct sunlight;
• surface material.

This mastic is an excellent option for treating your roof or foundation. Don't forget the importance of good waterproofing. And then your house will serve you for many years.