Any owner of a summer house wants the rest on the site to be as comfortable as possible. For these purposes, in the absence central system sewerage is done toilet. But constantly cleaning it and pumping out accumulated waste is not a particularly pleasant experience. So, in this article we will look at better ways how to make a toilet for giving without smell and pumping out.

A comfortable toilet will greatly facilitate your stay in the country

• Quite a high finite cost of use - the pit is regularly filled and requires constant cleaning, which implies frequent high costs.
• Over time, the walls of the pit tend to collapse and, as a result, the accumulated waste penetrates directly into the soil and groundwater, thereby depriving you of the opportunity to fully use the well or source.
• There is often an unpleasant smell near the toilet, which makes staying in the building unbearable.

Thus, cesspools have quite a few shortcomings that can be easily eliminated when considering other options for arranging country toilets.

Toilet for giving without smell and pumping out: three possible solutions

There are three possible options for building a toilet without the need for pumping. All of them fundamentally differ from each other in terms of final cost, expediency in connection with the time of residence on the site and summer cottage conditions, therefore, before making a choice, carefully study the description of all solutions.

Peat dry closet for giving

This option is optimal due to a number of reasons. Firstly, this is the cheapest solution, for which it is not necessary to build any complex structures. Secondly, by processing human waste, dry closets produce an excellent fertilizer for the soil for planting a variety of plants. Thirdly, this solution does not take up much space, and for its proper and efficient operation, you only need special peat, which you can easily purchase at any hardware store.

The main advantage of a peat toilet is that it needs to be cleaned only once a month, even with active regular use.

As mentioned earlier, all the options presented have their own installation nuances. In the case of a peat closet, they are as follows:

• The optimal place for arranging such a toilet would be an ordinary hozblok. This will solve the odor problem.
• In order to eliminate absolutely all the liquid, it is imperative to create a drainage system, and if the toilet is located in the house, bring a hose to it.

Thus, the installation of a peat dry closet for a summer residence will solve a number of problems and troubles associated with the arrangement of a bathroom.

Important! The main condition for the absence of an unpleasant odor in any of the options is a carefully thought out and equipped. Forced ventilation will provide fresh air, so that the aromas will not stagnate.

Concrete or plastic septic tanks

This option is a whole specially equipped system, which is designed to collect and clean liquids and waste. At each stage, the liquid is purified using different components, which eliminates the possibility of harmful substances into the soil. The principle of its operation is quite simple and consists in the gradual purification of liquids in sections, and then the final filtration on the field.

Advanced Modern Designs

Such odorless and pump-out toilets are improved and improved septic tanks, with more high level cleaning. The most commonly used options are:

• Ultrafiltration septic tanks make it possible to purify the liquid to such an extent that it becomes possible to reuse it. In addition, a big plus this method is that it does not use any harmful chemicals.
• Ion-exchange devices allow you to purify water to the desired condition and make it much softer than before cleaning;

• Electrochemical designs allow you to purify water using special reactions;
• Membrane osmosis is the most modern type of liquid purification, and allows you to purify water to a distilled state. This becomes possible thanks to special membranes, passing through which water molecules are purified from all kinds of impurities that are dangerous to human health, such as mercury or chlorine.

How to choose a septic tank for a summer residence: practical recommendations

The choice of a septic tank should be approached more than responsibly. Be sure to read the selection rules, as they will provide you with a reliable and durable result.

• First of all, conduct a special examination or find out from your neighbors in the area what is the depth of occurrence ground water. It will depend on this factor whether it will be possible to have filtration fields or whether it will be necessary to buy a closed depth filter.
• Calculate the approximate daily amount of waste that enters the tank. Based on these calculations, select a volume that will allow you not to empty the container every week.
• Be sure to take into account the season of your residence in the country, as many structures do not tolerate frost.

Useful advice! If you do not live in the country in the winter, then choose frost-resistant options, otherwise the bacteria inside the container will die and will no longer be able to service the toilet.

Thus, the choice of a septic tank for a summer residence is a crucial moment, on which all further operation of the closet will depend.

Related article:

Read an overview of popular models, specifications, prices and reviews in a special publication of our portal.

Do-it-yourself country toilet without a cesspool

The most popular option among the self-made toilets for summer cottages, the photos of which are presented above, is the construction of concrete rings.

• First of all, building materials are purchased - 9 rings and 3 hatches for them.

• Three holes are pulled out in a row, with a diameter of 2.8 meters and a depth of 3 meters.
• For the first two pits, you need to make a concrete pad.

• Three concrete rings are installed in each of the pits using special equipment. The gaps between them are filled with a special hydrophobic mixture, and the remaining cavity between the ground and the ring.

Toilet for a summer residence: photos and recommendations for installing a sewer system

The pipe layout has the following sequence:

• The pipe that descends into the first tank must go at an angle.
• The second pipe should be 20 centimeters lower.
• The third, which will connect the last two tanks, descends by the same amount.

Drawing conclusions

An odorless and evacuated cottage toilet is a great option for a modern summer cottage, which will provide you with a comfortable and pleasant stay. For more confidence in your abilities, watch the video below.

Organization of a bathroom without pumping out (video)

You may also be interested in:

Sewerage for a private house: how to equip? Shower drain in the floor under the tile: types and nuances of installation

mounted wood flooring floor, after which a podium-shaped seat is constructed, which can be assembled from plywood sheathed. The seat structure is attached to the base and frame of the structure.

The roof covering is laid on the crossbeams fixed on the frame. A layer of roofing material is created. Next, the interior and exterior lining of the toilet is performed using lining, corrugated board, plywood, siding, ordinary boards, and any other materials. For reliable fastening of the skin on the frame, special crossbeams are fixed, sawn from a thick board or timber.

As for the lighting of the country toilet, here you can limit yourself to installing a conventional battery-powered flashlight or take care of the full power supply of the structure by extending the wiring from the nearest power source.

Ventilation

How to make a toilet in the country? The cesspool needs good ventilation. However, even during the construction of a septic tank or dry closet, an effective ventilation system is welcome.

To arrange the simplest ventilation, you will need plastic pipe with a diameter of about 10 cm, which is fixed with clamps on the rear wall of the structure. The upper end of the pipe is attached to the roof of the building. In order for draft to form in the pipe, a simple nozzle-deflector is installed at its outer end.

Eventually

As you can see, there is nothing difficult in building a simple country toilet without cesspool. Based on the above recommendations, if you wish, you can build your own version of a country toilet by combining several ideas into a single whole.

The first building that appears on any lot is the toilet. We can somehow do without a house and a soul, but without this building - in any way. For many, a do-it-yourself toilet for a summer residence is the first building experience. It’s good that the structure is uncomplicated, so even without experience it’s easy to handle.

The very first building in the country is a toilet. Often this is the first experience of building with your own hands.

Though country toilet and not the most complex building, there are many features. A clear action plan is indispensable. Let's write down the steps on how to build a toilet in the country:

1. Choose the type of toilet.
2. Determine the location on the construction site.
3. Decide on the size and materials for construction.
4. Start building.

Now about each point in more detail.

Without cesspool

For the most part, pitless toilets are built much easier and faster. In them, waste is collected in a sealed container, which is usually placed directly under the toilet seat. The difference lies in how the waste is recycled and the odor is neutralized. There are the following types:

The advantages of country toilets without a cesspool (also called dry) are significant:

The cons are big too:

• Factory-made toilets are not that cheap.
• It is necessary to change the container periodically.
• It is necessary to monitor the availability of means of neutralization.

Norms for installing a toilet on the site

Most of the restrictions apply to pit latrines: possible contamination must be limited. The rules are:

The rest of the rules are valid for all types of toilets:

• There must be at least 1 meter to the boundary of the site.
• Doors should not open towards the adjacent area.
• When choosing a location, the prevailing wind direction must be taken into account.

When choosing a place where you will build a toilet for a summer cottage with your own hands, pay attention not only to your own buildings and objects, but also to your neighbors. This will help to avoid friction with them and with the sanitation station.

If you are going to build a toilet with a cesspool, you must also add to all the listed requirements - the organization of an entrance for a sewage truck.

How to make a toilet in the country with your own hands

You have already gone through the first two steps: you have chosen the type of toilet and the place to install it. The next step is choosing the dimensions. It's not that hard to figure them out. They told how to choose the volume of the cesspool - 1.5 cubic meters is enough for 2-3 people, now about what size the toilet house should be. It all depends on own desire and on the size of the hosts. In the standard version, toilets are made in the following sizes:

• height - 220 cm;
• width - 150 cm;
• depth - 100 cm.

These dimensions are convenient for people with an average build. You can change them the way you like. There are no standards.

Houses for toilets are most often made of wood. But this is not the rule. It can be made of sheet material such as fiberboard, GVL, flat slate, brick and any other building materials, profiled sheet metal even made of plastic.

A toilet in the country with their own hands is built from any material. This one is made of corrugated board

Most lovely roofing material for a country toilet - slate. The device of a soft roof from the built-up materials is inexpensive. In general, you can use any available. It is attached to a solid crate, so there is not much difference.

Building a village toilet

The last stage is the actual construction. The procedure is determined by what type of toilet you will build. If with a cesspool, they make it first.

Cesspool for toilet

The procedure for construction is as follows:

In order not to mess with masonry and waterproofing, you can install a special plastic container - a septic tank. They come in different sizes and designs - with one or two necks.

Septic tanks in the cesspool of the country toilet - and no problems with waterproofing

The pit is dug a little larger than the size of the selected septic tank, the container is installed, covered with previously excavated soil. The device of such a cesspool is many times faster and more reliable.

Cabin for country toilet

Any toilet for a summer residence is installed in a small cabin-house. With your own hands, the easiest way is to make a rectangular structure with a shed roof: a minimum of time, cost and materials.

Cabin base - posts

First of all, you need to take care of the presence of the floor. It needs to be raised some distance above the ground. It is more convenient to do this with the help of columns folded in the corners of the building. It is hardly worth burying them to the depth of freezing of the soil, but it is necessary to bury them in the soil 20-30 cm below the fertile layer. They are usually built from bricks, rubble stone, they can be poured from concrete, etc. On such a basis, during heaving, the cabin will rise, but usually this does not lead to any serious damage: the structure is small.

As it turned out, it’s not so difficult to build a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands. Little time and cost is required. But in the process you will gain useful skills.

It should be remembered when planning to build a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands - step-by-step instruction will be special for each of the options, of which there are quite a lot. Structures can work according to different principles, and materials for construction are selected based on their cost, durability and aesthetic appeal. Experts recommend that before purchasing materials and building a toilet, not only carefully consider the chosen option, but also make the necessary calculations, find the best place for installation, draw a diagram or drawing.

When choosing a design in order to build a toilet in the country with their own hands, they are guided, first of all, by the comfort of using the building. Moreover, not only visiting the toilet should be convenient, but also its maintenance. To make right choice, you should familiarize yourself with the features of the operation of each of the options for toilets.

Pit latrines

The easiest option for waste disposal is a do-it-yourself toilet pit in the country. A house is installed above it, in everyday life it is often called, depending on its appearance, a “birdhouse” or “hut”, the degree of comfort of which depends on the capabilities of the master. The pit is cleared with the help of a cesspool machine. Similar structures - not the most perfect, but due to the simplicity of the device and the economy, they remain popular and in demand when it comes to suburban areas where the owners do not appear often. Pit toilets are also suitable for cottages with a small number of people.

In the photo, a diagram of the device of the toilet above the cesspool

backlash closets

Backlash-closet is an improved design of a toilet with a cesspool, distinctive feature its is the complete tightness of the drive. The play closet can be arranged in such a way that the toilet is in a heated room (house), and the drive is outside it (usually near the wall adjacent to the toilet). The toilet bowl with the drive is connected by an inclined or vertical pipe, through which the waste flows by gravity into the tank. Due to tightness, the backlash-closet storage tank can only be cleaned with the help of vacuum trucks. play closet more convenient and hygienic than a regular toilet in a country house with a cesspool.

When arranging a play closet, the toilet is located in the room, which is an advantage of this type of construction

Powder closets

Powder closets are great in cases where when there is groundwater in the area close to the surface. This feature can cause trouble when installing other structures, but will not affect the operation of the powder closet. A significant advantage of this variant of the country toilet is the possibility at minimal cost turn waste products into environmentally friendly organic fertilizer. Powder-closet got its name from the principle of operation - the waste in the drive is sprinkled (“powdered”) with a dry composition (peat or peat-sawdust mixture). As a result, the occurrence of putrefactive processes is prevented, and the likelihood of unpleasant odors is minimized. Waste, sprinkled with peat, as the toilet tank fills up, is unloaded into a compost pit, where it turns into compost.

Powder closets can be stationary with bulk storage or compact portable. In the second case, a small-sized structure can be brought into the house at night or during rain.

Dry closets

The dry closets that have become popular, which are a ready-made compact toilet bowl, have really proven themselves during operation. Their principle of operation can be similar to the work of peat powder closet. Processing and decomposition of waste in such peat dry closets occurs with the help of a peat mixture.

In other models for processing it is possible. The composition of dry or liquid fillers includes cultures of certain types of bacteria.

In chemical models, the active substances for waste decomposition are chemicals. When choosing, it should be borne in mind that safe and effective fillers are more expensive than others, and some substances used by ignorant gardeners (chlorine, formaldehyde, etc.) are prohibited due to toxicity.

Choosing a place to build a toilet

Telling how to make a toilet in the country with their own hands, experts usually place special emphasis on where it is better to place the structure. In this regard, there are absolute requirements that must be met in any case. They determine the minimum distances from the toilet to residential and outbuildings, water sources and other objects:

• to a house that has a cellar or basement, as well as to a garage or barn with similar underground structures - 12 meters,
• to the source of drinking water - 25 meters,
• to a barn without a cellar, garage or sauna - 8 meters,
• to the fence - 1 meter.

• Placing the building according to the wind rose will allow you to install the structure so that the unpleasant smell does not cause inconvenience to the owners and does not interfere with the neighbors.
• If the site is distinguished by the complexity of the terrain, it is recommended to choose a flat place for the toilet, and if there is a source of water in the country, the toilet is located below it in level.
• If it is necessary to use the services of a sewage machine for pumping out the toilet, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of its access to the cesspool, taking into account the length of the equipment hose.

Material selection

Building a toilet in the country with your own hands is possible from various materials. The choice is determined by the cost and availability of different options. For example, if an outdoor toilet is arranged as a temporary structure during the construction of a full-fledged sewer system, you can choose cheaper materials. If the cottage is visited only in the summer and an outdoor toilet is the only option, it is better to prefer reliability and durability, even if additional costs are required.

wooden models

Wooden outdoor toilets are probably the most common option. It combines economy and practicality, however, it should be borne in mind that wood is susceptible to moisture. To protect the material, you can use special impregnations. It is possible to significantly increase the service life of the material, primed and painted boards. Lovers of the natural texture of wood often cover structures with a transparent moisture-proof varnish.

brick toilet

A brick toilet is a capital structure that will stand without requiring repairs for decades. The cost of materials for such a construction is higher, but if you have some bricks left after building a house or garage, you should take advantage of this opportunity. If you are planning to build a brick toilet in the country with your own hands, do not forget that a massive structure requires installation on a foundation. Experts recommend choosing for a country toilet strip foundation. It requires less excavation, reduces the consumption of cement for pouring, but ensures the reliability and safety of structures on almost any soil. Although for structures made of lighter materials, it is also possible to use a columnar foundation.

The use of corrugated board

A country toilet made of corrugated board is a frame structure sheathed with sheet metal material. The corrugated board has a coating that protects it from moisture, so it can be used for outdoor buildings without any risk. The frame of the building is wooden or metal of your choice. The use of corrugated board can significantly reduce the construction time of the toilet.

Construction of a pit latrine

If you are building such a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands, the step-by-step instructions begin with the drive device.

• Digging a pit. Its volume is usually calculated based on the conditions of use (number of people, frequency and duration of visits). suburban area etc.). Usually a pit with a depth of 2 meters is enough. The cross section of such a pit is a square with sides of 1 meter or a circle with a diameter of one meter. These parameters can be slightly increased, taking into account the need to strengthen the walls of the pit.
• bottom execution. by the most in a simple way may be backfilling the bottom with rubble or gravel. However, this method does not exclude the partial penetration of waste from the toilet into the soil. If groundwater is located in an area close to the surface of the earth, it is better to make the bottom impermeable, for example, by filling it with concrete mortar.
• Wall reinforcement. You can strengthen the walls of the cesspool under the toilet in the country with your own hands with brickwork, concrete rings or concrete mortar, using the flood construction technology (the mortar is gradually, no more than 50 cm in height at a time, poured into the formwork). In all cases, it is important to ensure the tightness of the structure (fill the seams between the rings, avoid gaps when performing brickwork). To protect surface water at the site from sewage entering them, the walls can be plastered or covered with a waterproofing layer for greater reliability.

Important: If the groundwater level in your area is higher than 2.5 meters, then the cesspool must be completely sealed, including the bottom.

After that, the selected house design is erected over the pit. Most often in such cases, a wooden structure is arranged.

Construction of a wooden house step by step

Toilet ventilation

Despite the fact that the correct arrangement of a country toilet with your own hands allows you to minimize the appearance of an unpleasant odor, and many models exclude the occurrence of putrefactive processes in the mass of waste, a toilet in the country, made with a cesspool, or other design must be provided with ventilation.

The ventilation pipe is inserted into the accumulator by at least 15 cm. Light and durable plastic sewer pipes with a diameter of 100 mm are well suited for these purposes. For stability, they are attached from the outside to the wall of the building with metal clamps. The ventilation pipe should rise about 50 cm above the roof. The ventilation pipe is protected from rain and debris by means of a deflector installed at the end of the pipe.

Construction of backlash closet

If you are deciding how to build a toilet yourself in the country, a backlash closet should be considered as one of the best options. It is very simple to implement and does not require significant expenses. At the same time, such structures are more comfortable than conventional "birdhouses" with holes.

First of all, it is important to choose a place for excavation. The waste pit, unlike many other structures, is carried out directly next to the house, since the toilet from which drains will flow will be located inside the house. So, it is required to designate a place for the toilet inside the room and a place for the drive near the adjacent wall. The depth of the pit must be at least 1 meter, and its walls must be completely waterproofed. Experts recommend making the bottom and walls of the tank from poured concrete, followed by coating the structure that has gained strength with a waterproofing layer (for example, bitumen). To improve the reliability of waterproofing, you can use clay castle(layer thickness - not less than 0.5 m).

The upper part of the toilet pit is closed with a double lid - a layer of heat insulator is installed between the layers of cast iron and wood. Gravity flow of waste can be ensured by the slope of the pipe that leads from the toilet to the storage tank (in this case, at the construction stage, it is necessary to provide an inlet for it, and after entering it, seal the seam) or by the design of the tank itself (an expanding pit with entry under the house in the direction from the toilet to the street with sloping floor). Ventilation is required for backlash closet. In the cold season, the efficiency of the hood can be ensured by the temperature difference, and in summer time it is better to use an exhaust fan.

Powder closet device

If you build such a country toilet with your own hands step by step, the instructions will be quite concise. The simplicity of the device is explained, among other things, by the fact that the powder-closet does not require the construction of a pit. For compact designs earthworks are not needed at all, and for stationary ones, a recess in the ground may be required, in which a storage tank (bucket or tank) will be placed. The powder-closet device is reduced to installing a container for collecting sewage under the toilet seat and supplying the toilet with a box with backfill (peat, sawdust, etc.) and a scoop. Waste should be disposed of after each visit to the restroom.

Video

How to build a toilet in the country with your own hands, the video will demonstrate clearly. The video lists the necessary materials with dimensions, tools, and also shows the sequence of work with comments.

Toilet in the country photo

Here we have selected a few photos on the topic of our article "How to make a toilet in the country with your own hands."

To equip a toilet in the country with your own hands is not the most difficult task. For each design, it is necessary to select the appropriate materials, taking into account their durability. This article provides step-by-step instructions for the competent construction of a country toilet.

Peculiarities

First you need to choose what type the toilet will belong to. Depending on the internal arrangement, a country toilet may be with or without a cesspool. The groundwater level plays a decisive role in the choice. If its mark reaches 3.5 m, then it is necessary to stop at the option without a cesspool. Otherwise, waste products will fill the space around the house.

The device of the pit is inappropriate on the ground with natural cracks. If the village house is located on a site with a predominance of shale rocks, then the cesspool should also be abandoned. The lower the groundwater level, the wider the choice of a good option for arranging a toilet for a summer residence. On soil with increased resistance to cracks, any type of structure can be placed.

In depth, the cesspool should reach the level of high waters and be a meter below it. When calculating, it is necessary to take into account the level of water rise during the period of active ice melting. Masters are advised to take the spring level of groundwater as a basis. The depth of the well is directly proportional to the frequency of use of the toilet and the number of residents. So, for a family of three permanently residing in the house, a cesspool is arranged with a volume of 1.5 cubic meters. m.

The well can be of any shape, but it is better to give preference to a square or round design. It will be much easier to dig such a hole. The walls are lined with rubble, brick or wood. Log masonry must be treated with resin to protect the material from decay. The bottom is sometimes lined with concrete rings. In this case, it is important to process the joint between the wall and the floor.

To increase the tightness of the masonry, before laying the final coating, the walls are treated with compacted clay. The thickness of such an insulator can vary from 20 to 30 cm. After laying the cladding, the craftsmen recommend impregnating the masonry bituminous mastic. Resins will protect the coating from soil moisture and prevent premature shedding of the soil.

A country toilet with a cesspool cannot be arranged without ventilation. A pipe with a diameter of 100 mm or more is buried at one end in a well. The second end is built into the roof and rises 50-70 cm above its surface. A ventilation window can be provided in the house itself. It is customary to place it on the side wall or mount it above the door.

The cesspool should be located within easy reach of the road. After the tank is more than two-thirds full, its contents are pumped out and taken out on a special machine. Access to the toilet must be unobstructed.

A cesspool can be organized in two ways. The first is the usual one, the installation of a structure under the house. The second is a backlash closet. A well of the second type is dug at some distance from the building. This option is considered the best for arranging a private country house: it is much easier to take out sewage.

Backlash-closet is equipped with a full-fledged ventilation and flushing system. Communications are lowered below the level of soil freezing, and the cesspool is deepened even more. The slope of the sewage pipe should reach 2-3 centimeters per meter of length. This option requires a serious investment of money and is not suitable for everyone. Masters advise to arrange a backlash closet only if the country house is a full-fledged housing.

The option without a cesspool is considered the simplest and cheapest. An airtight container is arranged under the toilet seat. The main advantage of such toilets is the absence of land and construction work. In this case, there is no need to hire a waste disposal truck. There is no need to locate the toilet in the immediate vicinity of the road. Waste can be used as fertilizer.

Among the disadvantages of such toilets is the need for frequent changes working capacity and procurement of odor control materials. Cleansers are used after each use of the toilet. It is important to know that high-quality factory toilets are not cheap. Savings on installation leads to an increase in the cost of purchasing the device.

Kinds

Among all types of toilet organization, the easiest way is with a cesspool. It can be located both in a private house and away from the main building in a small house. A cesspool cannot be arranged near water bodies or near neighboring houses. The source for collecting water into the sewer system of the house should not be adjacent to the waste collection pit.

The cesspool, as a rule, is cleaned after filling by two-thirds with the help of a sewer machine. If it is not possible to hire such equipment, then the well can be covered with gravel, and the pit can be moved. Villagers make a hole in a new place every two or three years. Four years is enough to completely restore the soil.

Masters advise lining a recess in the ground with drainage. A gravel bed is not necessary, but laying it down will help increase the time between pit cleanings. The stone mixture is often replaced with a concrete screed, and the walls are laid out with bricks. It is important to properly process all the joints between the elements. The duration of operation of the pit depends on the quality of the selected antiseptic.

When constructing a cesspool, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the geology of the site. Knowledge of the level of groundwater rise is a key point for choosing a given toilet design. It is important to maintain a sufficient distance from the reservoir: soil water should not interact with waste. Failure to comply with this rule may cause contamination of forage crops. The ingress of bacteria into drinking water is fraught with poisoning of residents.

Backlash closet in its characteristics practically does not differ from a traditional cesspool. The key point is the location of the hatch - it should be in the yard. Such a device is great for organizing a toilet in wooden house. A play closet is also not the most environmentally friendly toilet option.

The next device is a septic tank. Masters distinguish two types: cumulative and with cleaning. The first option, in terms of the method of collecting waste, resembles a cesspool, but is distinguished by tightness and environmental safety. Devices with cleaning can be defended and restored to their original state. Cleaning up to 90% is carried out under the influence of chemical compounds.

The septic tank can collect pollution not only from the toilet. Pipes are also brought to the system to collect domestic water and sewage waste. Communications from the bath and the house can be connected in a septic tank. The device also works perfectly apart from the central communication system.

The main advantage of a septic tank is tightness. The design excludes interaction with the soil. This option is suitable for those who care about the purity of the water in the house. The device is easy to clean, so there is no need to move the tank. A septic tank almost completely eliminates the smell of waste.

Among the disadvantages of this design is the high cost. Storage septic tanks need to be emptied, electrical counterparts require connection to the building's electrical system. You should not install a septic tank if you are not sure that it is properly connected to the central communications of the house.

Powder closet has a low cost. Arranging it is even more profitable than laying a cesspool. A small house is installed in the summer cottage, a toilet seat is arranged in it. A removable tank is placed under the ceramic product. After filling this tank, it must be taken out and cleaned. Powder closet is easy to use and is suitable for arranging a toilet both at a distance from the house and in the building itself.

The disadvantage of this system is the lack of a way to eliminate the unpleasant odor. The device is not large, so it needs to be emptied frequently. It is important to equip the site with a special pit for draining waste. The criteria for the pit meet the requirements for the construction of a cesspool.

Liquid chemical dry closet works according to the following principle: with the help of certain compounds, the waste in the tank is processed into a homogeneous mixture. The resulting substance does not have a specific odor. On the modern market you can buy liquid toilets based on ammonium and formaldehyde.

Ammonium products are harmless. The mass obtained during processing with their help has no smell and can become a source of water contamination. The substance can be drained into a compost pit. The ammonium-based composition can also be poured into a cesspool. The liquid will help reduce the rate at which the reservoir fills up and eliminate pungent odors. Ammonium concentrate can be used over a long period of time, but it must be added every 4-7 days.

The composition of formaldehyde is highly effective. One liter of such a product will be enough to service a twenty-liter portable toilet for 3-4 months. Formaldehyde can harm soil and plants. This composition is banned in some countries, so experts do not recommend its use in portable toilets. Draining formaldehyde waste into the soil and water is strictly prohibited.

The Finnish peat toilet is the most common type of dry closet. Disposal of sewage is carried out by adding dry matter: peat or sawdust. The bulk substance must have good hygroscopicity. Peat is harmless and able to eliminate unpleasant odors.

Dry matter is poured into a special tank in layers. After each use of the toilet, another portion is poured into the pit. A mixture of peat with waste forms compost, which can be used as organic fertilizer. The portable tank is convenient to carry. The cost of such a device is relatively low, which allowed the Finnish toilet to take a leading position among analogues.

The disadvantage of a peat toilet is the need to empty the tank frequently during daily use. Also, the dry matter is unable to recycle ordinary paper. In order for the waste to turn into a single mass suitable for fertilizing the soil, it is necessary to use special biodegradable paper.

The biological liquid toilet works on a principle similar to the Finnish device. The decomposition of waste occurs under the action of microorganisms, which are released in the form of a mixture or tablets. Bacteria can also be used to clean the cesspool. The processed mass is absolutely harmless, therefore, it does not need a special organization of a place for collecting waste.

Microorganisms are expensive, but ensure the complete safety of the ecology of the site. They can be used as a fertilizer, for cleaning pipelines and drains. Due to their properties, microorganisms are able to eliminate unpleasant odors.

An electric dry closet works according to a complex scheme. First, the liquid phase is separated from the solid phase. The second is cleaned and drained, and the first is processed into powder. The resulting dry raw material can be used as a fertilizer. Such a system, like a warm floor, must be connected to a central heating system. It is also necessary to connect the system to ventilation and drain.

The strength of this system is that the tank does not need to be emptied frequently. All components of the device are already included in the kit, so you do not need to worry about purchasing additional materials. Fillers for biological toilets are not needed in this system. The main disadvantage of an electric toilet is its dependence on a central power source and its high cost.

materials

The ground parts of the toilet, isolated from the building, are arranged in the form of a tent house. In order to build such a structure, it is necessary to purchase boards, metal profile sheets for mounting the roof and exterior finish house. Slate sheets will help strengthen the roof and protect the building from rain. The base of the house is best laid out of brick or concrete slabs.

Many builders prefer to use wooden materials. The boards are easy to saw, and the creation of a plank structure does not require special building skills. It is important to understand that without pre-treatment with a hygroscopic material, the wood will quickly deteriorate, and the frame will not withstand the load. Wood is also a fire hazard, so you should not place this material next to combustible structures.

To create a cesspool, you need to decide whether the well requires lining. The most popular variant of such a system is the creation of a tank from concrete rings. This design can last for about 100 years. The concrete composition is quite cheap, but requires the use of special equipment. The cast rings are lowered into the pit one by one, the joints are smeared with cement.

The base must be poured with concrete, or a round structure must be made in advance and immersed in a dug well. The bottom is pre-filled with a small layer of sand or fine gravel. These materials play the role of drainage - they divert groundwater from the surface of the well. Concrete rings can be cast with special recesses - grooves. With the help of such "locks" the rings are connected. If the grooves are not provided, then the structure is fastened with metal rings.

works on the principle of a cesspool. However, it is much easier to install a plastic tank. Polymers are resistant to liquid attack and resistant to temperature extremes. The dimensions of the pit in this case must exceed the dimensions of the plastic container. Before laying the tank, it is necessary to concrete the bottom. A welded joint is placed in a cement screed metal carcass with protruding loops.

A plastic vessel is attached to the protruding ropes of the reinforcement. A similar design is necessary to keep the tank in the pit. Groundwater can lift light containers and push them to the surface. The gaps between the plastic must be covered with a layer of sand and cement. Before backfilling, the container is filled with water to protect it from deformation due to the expansion of cement with sand.

Arrangement

The main element of the toilet in the country is the toilet. The most common version of this plumbing fixture is plastic. The seat with a cover and the frame of this device are made of polymer. A tank is not provided for such systems, since there is no connection to the sewerage system. The toilet seat does not need to be purchased separately - the design is monolithic.

Plastic systems are produced in all colors and shapes. This design has an attractive appearance and a fairly simple design. Polymers are characterized by increased strength and resistance to temperature extremes. Such a toilet is lightweight, therefore it does not exert increased pressure on the foundation of the structure. A nice advantage is the ease of cleaning and operation.

The ceramic toilet bowl is easy to clean. However, in the conditions of a suburban area, this model can cause certain difficulties. Installation of ceramics requires additional reinforcement of the floor of the room. Products for summer cottages do not have a drain tank, but the design still has a large mass. The advantage of this system is durability.

The wooden device is short-lived. Such structures are installed exclusively outside the home: a wooden box can be arranged independently. In such a device, ventilation is not provided; the toilet itself is placed above the cesspool. You can equip such a toilet with a minimum investment, but appearance such a product will be simple.

The dry closet is most often made of polymers. The system consists of several blocks that need to be assembled. This process does not take long. The toilet bowl is convenient, it is a monolithic structure along with a toilet seat. The design is quite simple and does not differ in special frills, such as a thermal seat. The toilet bowl is convenient not only in use, but also in cleaning.

The purchase of an arrangement must be carried out taking into account certain requirements.

• If the country house is not a permanent place of residence for the family, then it is rational to purchase a toilet bowl with a low cost. The design should be easy to use and sustainable over time. Plastic toilets are perfect.
• Installing a flushing device and connecting the toilet to the central sewer require a lot of money and time. This option is necessary only in the case of constant use of the bathroom.
• Installation should not take much time and effort. It is better to make a choice in favor of ready-made structures, the repair of which will not require major work to re-equip the premises.

• The connection of the waste disposal pipe to the toilet must be airtight. Masters advise using a tube in the form of a cone. It is important to avoid getting waste past the receiving tank. It is necessary to make sure that all elements of the system are clearly connected.
• Ventilation helps to eliminate unpleasant odors from the room. Do not neglect the device of this system. Plastic products can be used as an air duct. Due to their structure, they are lightweight and easy to install. Sewer PVC gaskets with a diameter of about 110 mm will be a good analogue.

Accommodation options

You can locate a bathroom anywhere in the building, but only if it does not contradict sanitary and hygienic standards. One of the walls of the restroom should be load-bearing. It is forbidden to install a bathroom in a room without outer wall. Ventilation in such rooms is easier to install and more profitable.

The toilet should not border on the premises for receiving and preparing food. Often, not all types of toilet bowls are able to absorb all unpleasant odors. Chemical waste during decomposition can release substances that should not interact with food. The most advantageous location of the bathroom in country house- near the dressing room or under the stairs.

When installing a bathroom under the stairs, it is important to determine whether there is enough space to accommodate all the necessary appliances. Ventilation must be carried out through the stairs. In some cases, sewer and water pipes are connected to the toilet bowl. Floors are pre-treated with agents to protect against bacteria and excessive moisture.

Masters advise to completely block the entire space under the stairs with boards - to create a special room. This will not only visually fence off the bathroom, but will also protect the apartment from the spread of smell. It is desirable to additionally strengthen the floor under the structure with damping devices: over time, the floor may begin to collapse. To ensure good air circulation, a small gap is left at the joints of the floorboards with the wall.

Masters do not recommend installing a toilet on the second floor. The bathroom should not be adjacent to sources of drinking water. Such a device will not allow you to connect the structure to the cesspool. When installing a dry closet, a sufficient distance from the edge of the seat to the floor is required. It will be problematic to get the required height on the second floor - you cannot make a recess in the floor.

When building a toilet in a summer cottage outside the house, you need to familiarize yourself with the wind rose. Unpleasant odors should not reach the residential building, so before you start working on the development of a well for waste disposal, you need to map the area. This also applies to the installation of a cesspool for servicing dry closets located in the house. The placement of neighboring houses should also influence the drawing up of the plan.

Dimensions

The dimensions of the pit pit may vary depending on the frequency of use of the toilet and the number of inhabitants. The average size of a pit for serving a family of two is 1.5 by 1.2 m. The deepening is increased by thirty percent with the addition of each new resident. The larger the pit, the less often you will have to hire equipment to empty it. But it is also important to consider negative impact that waste can have on the environment.

If the cesspool combines the sewer from the house, then it is necessary to increase its size. Ideally, you can calculate the water consumption for each family member and design a well based on the data obtained. On average, a hole is dug for 12 cubic meters. m and increase to 18 cubic meters. m. This stock allows you to use the bathroom uninterruptedly for a month.

The tightness of the well provides concrete screed about 15 cm thick. The soil in the area may have good absorbent properties. In this case, the tank is covered with a layer of drainage. The thickness of such a pillow should not be less than 15 cm, as in the case of a screed. From above gravel is doused with bituminous mastic.

To build a toilet with a separate tent, you need to familiarize yourself with the accepted dimensions. You can make drawings yourself or download ready-made ones. The normalized width of the house is 1 m. The depth of the room should reach 1.5 m, and the height of the ceiling should be 2-2.5 m. The allowance for the cover of a standard "birdhouse" is taken equal to 30 cm relative to the walls. This technique will help moisture from the roof not to penetrate the walls and not destroy them.

The ventilation pipe is bolted to the rear wall of the toilet. The thickness of the plastic is assumed to be 100 mm. The lower part of the pipe is immersed in the pit to a depth of 10 cm, and the top should rise 20 cm above the roof level. These parameters can be changed slightly, but the design should not be completely neglected.

The dimensions of the toilet under the stairs also play an important role. The minimum size of the bathroom room is 0.8x1.2 m. If a sink is provided in the room, then the width is doubled, and the length is taken equal to 2.2 m. If the toilet is combined with a bathroom, then the dimensions of the room cannot be less than 2.2x2.2 m. The ceiling height should not be lower than 2.5 m. It is important to maintain a distance in front of the toilet equal to 0.6 m.

Masters recommend providing an approach to the toilet from all sides. But this advice is often not followed. The door from the bathroom should open onto the corridor. It is forbidden to connect the toilet to the living room or to the kitchen. In accordance with fire safety regulations, doors must open outwards. This is a mandatory item to ensure proper evacuation.

How to do?

You can build a toilet house with your own hands. The project is quite simple - you can find the necessary design solution on the Internet.

Consider the stages of building an outdoor toilet step by step.

• The type of foundation is chosen based on the characteristics of the soil. The most common type of base for the house is columnar. A monolithic concrete block structure is also suitable. Before laying the floor, it is necessary to cover the piles with a layer of roofing material.
• The floor of the house is made of wooden planks. Before using wood, it is necessary to treat the material with antiseptic agents. The width of the floor panels is chosen about 15x15 or 10x10 cm.

• The design of the house itself is first made in the form of a frame. The pre-assembled structure must be strengthened on the base with bolts and fixed with metal plates. Next, the box is sheathed with wooden sheets, forming the walls of the house.
• A toilet bowl is mounted to the far wall and all the necessary communications are laid out. A cesspool is dug in advance, a pipe from it is connected to the device. It is important not to forget about the ventilation device. Private toilets with sewerage are not combined, this allows to reduce construction work.
• The role of the roof is played by a flooring made of slate and roofing material. It is acceptable to use a profiled sheet.
• Install lighting fixtures as needed.

Toilets inside country houses are often connected to the sewer. Such a system can be self-flowing: pipes are laid at a slope, water is drained into a cesspool. The slope of the pipe is two cm for each meter of communication. Another option is a pressurized sewer. The movement of water in this case is carried out under pressure from a special pump. This method is applicable for houses where a gravity-fed construction is not possible due to some reasons.

When choosing a material for pipes, it is desirable to give preference to polypropylene. This material is highly durable and can withstand high temperatures. The pipe is not deformed when heated up to 95 degrees. Installation of this design is quite simple. It is important to ensure a tight pipe connection.

Sewer sections are fixed with fittings, joints are treated with sealant. Pipes are attached to the wall with clips. For these purposes, you can use studded clamps. To make a tight connection between a cast-iron pipe and a plastic one, it is necessary to lay a rubber gasket.

Pipes are brought out and immersed in a trench. Sewerage should not be placed above the freezing level of the soil. At the junction of internal and external sewerage an inspection hatch is required. Placed in the cavity of the pipe check valve. Such measures are necessary to prevent reversal Wastewater when the pit is filled with waste.

After laying the sewer, the masters install the toilet. At this stage, work on the toilet is completed. Before mounting the device, ensure that the surface is smooth. To install the toilet, you must first mark the floor and the size of the hole. A rubber cuff must be laid between the bowl and the floor. The device is fixed with bolts, and the joints are treated with silicone.

Before installing all the elements, waterproofing must be laid on the floor. In cases where the latrines are located on each floor, it is necessary to mount the devices one under the other. The distance from the toilet to the riser should be minimal. Failure to comply with this condition may lead to clogging of the pipe.

In order to equip the bathroom with maximum benefit for visitors, shelves are placed on the walls. If the dimensions of the restroom allow, then a headset can be placed in the room. It is possible to equip a utility block for storing mops and buckets. For these purposes, there is no need to allocate additional space - it is enough to install a small closet in the corner of the toilet.

Drawings and diagrams

For the rational placement of the toilet on the territory of the cottage, it is necessary to draw up a drawing of the future structure. This method will save materials. Schemes of the future structure can be found on the Internet or made by hand. When drawing, it is necessary to do this on a scale, otherwise the final design may differ greatly from the idea.

The development of the scheme begins with measuring the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site and drawing all existing communications on the plan. Be sure to put on the diagram neighboring buildings and reservoirs. It is important to plan the piping in accordance with the waste pit regulations. Experts advise to pre-compile a wind rose.

A drawing of a wooden outdoor toilet will help calculate the cost of all necessary materials. Drawing up a drawing of a house begins with modeling the frame. The dimensions of all elements are indicated and the total number of materials is recorded. Do not forget about the cutting pattern of the cladding. The parameters of the front, rear and side surfaces of the future structure are indicated.

The front side of the tent should exceed the dimensions of the back wall. This is a necessary condition for ensuring the desired slope of the building. Front and back wall typical structure have a rectangular shape, the side faces are trapezoid. The plan indicates the dimensions of the roofing sheet for the construction of the roof. If a wooden sheet is located under the slate, its linear dimensions must be fixed.

Instructions for drawing up a drawing for a toilet in a country house practically do not differ from a similar scheme for arranging a bathroom in an apartment. All dimensions and required dimensions are taken from the relevant regulatory documents. It is necessary to mark the place for supplying the toilet bowl to the cesspool pipe. Installing a dry closet does not require such actions. The device is pre-assembled and installed against the far wall of the room.

The selected room should be well ventilated. Doors must face the corridor. When drawing up a drawing of a room, it is important to correctly position all the necessary devices: a toilet, sink or bathroom. All devices must be unobstructed. It is important to correctly position the ventilation and remove the sewer from the room.

The layout of the bathroom is carried out not in order to assess the amount of materials needed, but for the competent distribution of space. Only after the location of the main appliances is indicated, the arrangement of cabinets and racks begins. Do not clutter up the space too much.

It is important to remember that before installing the ceramic toilet, it is necessary to strengthen the base. Waterproofing wooden floors in the country is required, regardless of the location of the bathroom. Walls wooden house also need to process paintwork material or bitumen to preserve the surface from excessive moisture. Knowing the dimensions of the room, you can calculate the total consumption of materials and fix it on the diagram.

Without cesspool

If you want to install an odorless and pumping toilet, the craftsmen are advised to give preference to options without a compost pit. Among these options, the most famous are septic tanks, dry closets and powder closets. Dry closets are located regardless of the surface. This option will be a good solution for a site with an increased level of groundwater. In this case, it is forbidden to arrange a cesspool - waste can pollute the soil throughout the site.

To install a dry closet, you can allocate a room in the house or build a wooden building in the distance. The first version of the device is preferable, as it saves time and materials. The laying of the pipeline in this case is not done. A hand-washing station can be connected to the waste collection tank. The emptying of such a system is carried out by removing the storage tank and draining the waste into a designated place.

The main sewer system cannot be connected to the dry closet. Such tanks are intended for temporary use. A system with a major toilet and drain requires a cesspool. Sealed storage tanks are capable of holding a small amount of liquid, so they will not be able to ensure the disposal of waste in year-round homes.

Pitless toilets, thanks to the ease of use, allow you to avoid various emergencies. The tightness of the container excludes the possibility of interaction of the contents with groundwater. It is important to know that there should be a distance of 25 m from the cesspool to the source of water intake. The distance from the toilet to the fence should not be less than 1 m.

Another analogue of an odorless and pumping toilet device is a septic tank. Such a device is capable of processing sewage within long term services, which makes the septic tank ideal for a bathroom with year-round use. The design can be purchased, but there are also schemes for creating a septic tank with your own hands.

Sealed chambers can be made from concrete, plastic or metal containers. Main principle structures of a similar design - vacuum tanks. The manufacture of a sealed chamber is quite simple and has been described previously. It is necessary to select containers with strong walls that will not deform under the pressure of groundwater and soil.

A standard country septic tank for servicing a family of two has two or more chambers. Each new tank serves for additional purification of water entering it. So, in the first compartment, the waste is separated into a solid and liquid phase. The liquid flows into an adjacent container, where it is re-cleaned. In subsequent chambers, the cycle is repeated.

After passing through all stages of filtration, water enters the soil. Such a liquid does not pose a threat of soil contamination. Experts advise purchasing septic tanks with a biological cleaner. Such a system is the most environmentally friendly for use in summer cottages.

Purification system

Septic tanks are a simplified way to treat sewage water. Complex systems include additional compartments for water filtration. These structures can be installed in suburban areas in order to increase the security of the territory. The complete set of filtration systems is complex and more expensive than a simple septic tank. However, experts recommend paying attention to them.

• Ultrafiltration. This method completely disinfects the water. A significant advantage of the system is the possibility of reuse. Chemicals are not used in cleaning, the resulting water can be used for domestic purposes.

• Ion exchange reagents, allow you to speed up the process of cleaning the liquid. The hardness of the water increases. It is not recommended to use such water for food purposes.
• Electrochemical cleaning. Impurities are settled under the influence of special radiation. A layer of metallic impurities forms at the bottom of the tank. The chemicals remove heavy elements from the water.
• membrane osmosis. This complex design is recognized as the best cleaning system. The return membrane traps waste and turns contaminated water into distilled water. The complex structure of the shell allows you to purify the liquid from harmful chemical impurities.

All cleaning systems require large purchase and installation costs. The main advantage of the structures is the complete elimination of unpleasant odors throughout the summer cottage. Wastewater treatment plants allow you to reduce the frequency of pumping out the contents from the cesspool.

Any system needs timely cleaning. If waste is not removed from the cesspool in time, then the process of reproduction of harmful bacteria will negatively affect the condition of the soil. Waste stagnation produces toxic gases that can be harmful to health. The more gas masses accumulate, the more difficult it is to remove them. In especially neglected cases, it is not possible to pump out harmful vapors.

Pit treatment and waste disposal can be done in a variety of ways. The easiest and most proven is to call a sewage truck. The polluted liquid is pumped out by means of hoses. This service is expensive, and it is used only when the well is filled to two-thirds of the volume, and biological preparations are not able to process sewage. The machines are equipped with cutting mechanisms that grind solid sediment.

Cleaning with chemicals is effective, but not desirable. Fast-acting reagents work even at low temperatures. But not every such composition is environmentally friendly. The processed substance is strictly forbidden to be drained into the soil, so it becomes necessary to call a pumping machine. When choosing chemicals you can pay attention to nitrate oxidizing agents - their composition is the least harmful.

Biological products differ from chemical analogues in the safety of use. Cleaning with these compounds received wide application from landowners. Microorganisms do not work well in conditions low temperatures Therefore, they are used mainly in the summer. Bacteria die on contact with acid and alkali, do not tolerate chlorine. For these reasons, biological additives are best not to fall asleep in the ground.

Mechanical cleaning of the pit is a traditional way to eliminate sewage. This work is carried out at least once a year, the procedure is very unpleasant. This cleaning saves money, but requires time and effort. If the waste is too liquid, then they are mixed with a dry substance. Wood chips and sand are excellent as backfill.

When choosing biological cleaning agents, it is important to correctly calculate the dose. The number of beneficial bacteria should be sufficient to restore the microflora in the tank. Biological additives are distinguished by the speed of the purification process, the speed of action and the ability to eliminate odors. Before using the drug, you must read the reviews about the material.

The composition of biological products sets the conditions for its use. Aerobic bacteria are able to process waste only under the influence of oxygen. Anaerobic analogues do not need direct access to air, so they are calmly placed in vacuum tanks. You can often find a combination of additives on the market - this is how manufacturers get the most effective drug.

Good examples and beautiful options

Many customers cannot imagine beautiful decoration toilet in a country house. An unusual toilet device can ruin the interior. To dispel doubts, designers recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following interesting solutions.

Classic

Similar wood trim premises in the country is used everywhere. Plank masonry looks natural. High-quality material fills the room with a pleasant smell of wood. A bright room can be decorated with white ceramics.

This option is perfect for arranging a bathroom in a small room. The toilet is hidden from view by pieces of furniture. Additional equipment with shelves and cabinets allows you to place all the necessary personal hygiene items. Wooden furniture in combination with wall and floor decoration creates a single composition.

Wood and tiles

The original design of this room is created by combining wood with ceramics. The white toilet is combined with the mosaic, completing the composition. The tiles are dominated by shades of brown, in harmony with the wood cladding. adjacent wall. A small window creates an additional source of light.

The light floor goes well with the color scheme of the walls. The room does not seem small, it is dominated by air and light. Such a solution looks appropriate not only in a country house, but also in an urban interior. Ceramic pattern on the wall can be given any look. In this case, the decision was made in favor of keeping it simple.

Plastic in the interior

Using a plastic toilet is not able to spoil the appearance of the room. You can easily find a rather unusual option on the market. In this interior, a plastic tank looks appropriate in combination with wall cladding made of colored polymer. The red cage in the interior of a country house looks unusual and lively.

Wooden shelves add color to the bathroom arrangement. The combination of bright walls and a light floor avoids congestion in the design. On the floor lay linoleum with stone coloring. Since the plastic tank is not connected to the floor with bolts, it is not difficult to clean the coating. Light plinth gives the room elegance and completeness.

Combination of dark and light

This bathroom solution looks advantageous due to the strong contrast of the color of the walls with the floor. The rough wide wooden slabs on the wall are reminiscent of old log buildings. The light floor in combination with ceramics gives the interior tenderness and sophistication. The room is fully equipped - all necessary communications are carried out.

This room is designed for permanent use. The masters made every effort to make it pleasant to be in the room. designer jewelry- vases and coasters - create a mood. Rich ceramics are the best suited to this solution.

complex shapes

The room is completely decorated with wood. The toilet, arranged independently, looks unusual. Rough wood finish looks noble. Most bright element indoors - a carved shell. The complex figure resembles a tree frame. This option is perfect for connoisseurs of wood species.