Any living space, whether it is an apartment, a house or a whole estate, is divided into interconnected territories that meet different needs.

A reasonably zoned area is a separate, self-sufficient world where work and leisure, beauty and utility coexist. Most often, it consists of the following territories:

• the entrance (vestibule, front) part is the “business card” of the estate, its presentation, so to speak.
• The recreation area is the “heart” of the site, a tastefully arranged place where households get together and receive guests.
• Garden area. If the owners of the plot are passionate gardeners, this part is much larger than the rest and reaches 80% of the plot area.
• Flower zone - organized by those who like to mess with roses or hyacinths, are interested in varieties, experiment with new selections.
• The ecological zone is a fashionable "chip" of the modern garden design. This is an untouched corner of local nature - a piece of forest, fields, a reservoir.
• Sports zone. Its dimensions depend on the preferences of the owners, so the playground can consist of a mini-field for playing football or a tennis court, as well as a patch with a horizontal bar and a basketball basket mounted on a pole.
• Playground - here they equip a sandbox, hang a swing, put a "teremok" and other children's joys.
• The economic zone is a site that performs the necessary utilitarian functions. It has a shower, toilet, barn, compost pit, and other outbuildings.

And now in more detail.

Exit, she is the front area of ​​the site

Her main sign is elegance, presentability. Therefore, it is important that the exit zone is not obscured by a solid fence - your "calling card" should be visible from afar.
The front area is preceded by a wicket and gates for cars, immediately behind which they equip a platform, open or under awnings parking, and sometimes a full-fledged garage.
The gate and the house are connected by a paved, fairly wide alley, framing it with borders of flowers or decorative bushes. It happens that bushes are planted on the outside of the site, forming a low hedge from them.

Front gardens give a special beauty to this, the most representative zone. Namely, those in which low bushes with multi-colored leaves, as well as wild dwarf trees, are in harmony with cultivated flowers and lush perennials.
In general, the vestibule is impossible without plants. Their number varies depending on the area of ​​the site. If it is very small, use flowers and ornamental shrubs growing in containers, pots or planters. They are placed along the alley, on the porch of the house, hung on the pediment.

Despite the fact that the front area is one of the smallest and, most often, does not exceed 6% of the total area of ​​​​the site, it should be catchy, imposing, because this is the “face” of your site.

Recreation and reception area

This is a terrace with garden furniture, a patio or a gazebo, a barbecue area, a barbecue hearth, in general - a cozy, comfortable place for receiving guests, dining outdoors, picnics.

Naturally, this area should be away from the main path and especially from parking lots, as well as from the main entrance to the house. Most often, a recreation area is set up in the backyard - "in the rear" of the house. It occupies from 10 to 15% of the area of ​​the site.

garden area

In most cases, even decorative plantings do not do without a couple of fruit trees and beds with herbs. It is not necessary to be a gardener-gardener to introduce these "sacred" elements of country life into the surrounding landscape.

Of course, the place for fruit and vegetable crops should not be darkened. The tallest trees are planted on the north side of the plot, and, for example, berries are planted in sunny places.

Flower garden area

The flower zone can become the "highlight" of the site.
When choosing a place for your favorite plants, they take into account the needs of each species, its height, the originality of the leaves, the development phases, and the flowering time. The ideal flower garden should look like an intoxicatingly harmonious ensemble, consisting of "tops", "dry streams", "balls" of succulents, "islands" of hostas and other components.

If the site is uneven, rocky, either will become a "saving" option.

Active recreation area

Its creation depends entirely on the sportiness of the owners and the size of the site.
Compact playing field, simulators for workout, bars, horizontal bars - you can mount anything you want, if the territory allows.

Economic zone

In the economic part of the site "deployed" Summer shower or a bathhouse, sheds, a workshop, a shed with firewood, a compost pit, garbage containers, sometimes a garage.
The economic zone is planned so that it is possible to drive up to it and bring, for example, building materials, fertilizers, without using front doors gate.

You can separate the economic zone from the rest with the help of a wide arsenal of borders - climbing flowers on lattices, trellises with grapes, green hedges, trees, gabions, decorative wattle fences, etc.

Where does the zoning of the site begin?

From the drawing of the territory!
Put on it the existing buildings and objects, designate the sunny and north sides, the presence of hillocks or depressions.

A. Entry zone: main gate, parking, coniferous garden, flower garden. B. Economic zone: utility site, garden, sauna with a terrace, shower, toilet and pantry. B. Residential area: house, terrace, flower garden and ground cover. D. Landscape area: play field, ornamental pond, rock garden, bridge, resting place in the shade, barbecue area.

The center of any site is a house, and it should be repelled from it, creating various functional zones. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account not only the entrances and exits, but also the location of the windows, the intensity of the shadow that the house casts on one side or another of the site.

To save space, some areas can be combined into one space: for example, a recreation area can be combined with a playground, sports section- with children. On the other hand, you should not combine a recreation area with outbuildings.

Lane marking

This method of land surveying is the simplest, not expensive and feasible for any landowner. It is also good in that it links the site into a single route common to all functional areas.
What should be taken into account?
Appointment and load of alleys and paths. In particular, the walking path from the gate to the house is laid out with a colored paving slabs or figured paving stones, and the path for the car - with high-strength slabs or concrete.

The rest of the paths can be covered with pebbles, sand, wooden planks, mosaics; make them rounded, in the form of steps, with gaps ... That is, to use all the resources of your own imagination and artistic taste.

Winding paths, each turn of which opens up a new view of the landscape, visually increase the area of ​​​​the site, add perspective to it.

Practice convinces: to competently design a site, dividing it into the required number of zones, it is possible in any case, with any area, peculiarity of the relief and soil features!

Completed. Finishing work carried out. Construction garbage exported. The area has been cleared. Now what? It's time to zoning the land. These activities involve dividing the territory of the site into functional zones and planning links between them. The site plan depends entirely on the personal preferences of each and imagination.

To plan all objects, it is important to carefully work out an action plan.

1. Make a sketch of the plan of the land plot, mark the boundaries on it, apply the objects available on it. Specify landmarks - north / south. When zoning, you should start mainly from the house. It is important to take into account all the exits / entrances to the house, the location of the windows, the size of the shadow that falls on the site from the house. You should also take into account the terrain.
2. The next step will be the layout of the front area. At this stage, you should decide on the style in which the garden will be decorated. Based on these points, it will be easier for you to plan out sites, paths and flower beds. On a piece of paper, mark the most convenient car entrance and the location of the walking paths. This is especially important if, in addition to the house, there are already other buildings on the land.
3. If you want to separate zones from one another, for example, with hedges or flower arrangements, then mark them on the plan.
4. Next, it is important to determine the viewpoints. It is on them that flowerbeds / fountains and other decorative elements will be located.
5. Make a dendroplan, draw the contours of the plantations at the time of their maximum development. layout suburban area involves planting. In this case, the type of soil, shade tolerance of plantations and climatic conditions should be taken into account. Be sure to work out the dendroplan separately. Outline areas for planting young plantings.
6. Also mark the rain collectors on the plan and mark the street lighting.

Regardless of the size of the site and its features, the arrangement of the front zone is mandatory. And here it is important to pay attention to every detail, as the front area will always be in sight. It occupies about 6% of the total area of ​​the territory. It is designed to drive a car and enter the territory of the house. The area for the car should be neat, and the path leading to the house should be comfortable.

In order to avoid stagnant rainwater at the planning stage, you should take into account the terrain, consider places for drains and collectors. The width of the path to the house should be within 1.5–2 m. The functional load of the path is enormous, so arranging it in the form of a lawn is, perhaps, a waste of time / money.

If you want to decorate the front entrance, then distribute the planting of ornamental plants along the fence. The area for the entrance of the car and the path to the house can be combined or separated from each other by a small longitudinal flower bed, if there is enough space for this.

disembarkation fruit plants in the front area is not appropriate. It is better to give preference to a complex landscape composition, a green lawn or a small flower bed. It all depends on the area of ​​​​the territory and your financial capabilities.

The garden zone, as a rule, is allocated 75% of the entire plot. Given this fact, an important place should be given to its organization. The territory for the garden and vegetable garden should be as open and sunny as possible.

Growing fruit and large trees is best organized on the north side. The recreation area will be perfectly decorated with cherries, peaches and apple trees. If you do not have a large area, for example, 6 acres, then a recreation area can be made right in the garden. Although, if there is enough space, it is better to make a garden, a vegetable garden and a recreation area separately.

On a small plot of land, a modular garden with separate beds and paths with solid paving will look beautiful. In fact, such a solution looks organically on both six and fifteen acres. Such a garden will become a worthy decoration of your land, and it is much easier to take care of it. With this design, shrubs can be used as fences and pergolas.

The zoning of the territory also includes the arrangement of the economic zone. It includes a greenhouse located near the garden, a barn, a bathhouse, a garage. Practicality plays an important role in the organization of this zone. Therefore, the paths and platforms must be paved. It is impossible to hide the hozblok in a small area, but it can be decorated. The easiest way is to plant climbing plants around it.

In a large area, outbuildings can be closed with a decorative fence, entwined with grapes, roses or clematis.

The recreation area is a plot with a gazebo, terrace, barbecue and patio. It occupies approximately 15% of the land or even less. Even on a small plot, it is possible to make a full-fledged recreation area with a gazebo, barbecue and grill.

For maximum convenience, make a recreation area close to home. There will be friendly gatherings and family feasts, so it is important to have access to the house.

The recreation area looks better behind the house, away from the front part. Thus, you can create a secluded environment, so to speak, a comfort zone. This point is especially important to consider when equipping a recreation area in the city. If possible, then make it in a well-visible part, with the opportunity to admire the beauty of the garden.

If you do not have children, but you are planning them, then take a place on the site for a play area. Maybe there is no reason to equip it yet, but in the plan it should still be. The children's area should be as safe and child-friendly as possible.

It is better, if possible, to make the site so that it is clearly visible from the house. In this case, the children will always be in your sight. The surface of the playground should be soft. It can be sand or lawn. Another option is to cover the area with artificial rubber, which will reduce the likelihood of injury.

The playground should ideally be located in partial shade. As the offspring mature, the need for a play area will disappear. Therefore, consider how it can be changed in the future. Will it become part of the recreation area or join the garden? Or maybe you want to make a pool in its place? This article lists the standard zones that are most popular, but by connecting your imagination, you can divide the site as you wish.

Zoning of a personal plot is always carried out on an individual basis, depending on the preferences and wishes of the owners. Do you love pets? Then take about 10 m 2 for them. Are you into sports? Then please yourself with a sports ground made on your own site. In this case, you do not have to spend time and money in the future on the gym.

If you have a trouble in your family and you need care for a sick relative, then equip a sanitary-protected zone for him. It can be made in the form of a hedge, but not decorative, as we used to imagine it, but high enough to reduce Negative influence environment on the patient. This event is especially appropriate in environmentally polluted areas.

Proper zoning will allow you to make every square meter areas as functional as possible. With careful planning and creativity, you will enjoy your handiwork for many years to come. Have questions on the topic? Ask them to a specialist working on our site. If necessary, you will be provided with additional advice.

Scheme

The diagrams show the options for zoning the land:

Zoning a site involves dividing the territory of a summer cottage or personal plot into zones that carry different functional loads, as well as planning connections between them. Functional zoning of a personal plot, calculates its division into standard zones. As a rule, this is a front zone, a recreation zone and a zone of outbuildings.

Zoning of the site also involves the allocation of a zone for a garden and a vegetable garden. However, the site plan directly depends on the specific preferences and fantasies of each.

The main functional areas of the personal plot

front area

Each site has a front or entrance area. This is the first thing your guests and you see, so you need to pay special attention to the front area. Usually, the front area takes up little space, even if there is a parking lot, this is no more than 6% of the total area of ​​​​the garden plot.

The main functionality of the front door is the entrance to the personal plot and the entrance for the car. Here it is worth paying attention to a convenient path leading to the house, as well as a platform for a car.

When planning, you should take into account the relief of your area, this will avoid stagnant water, you need to immediately consider places for drains. The path leading to the house should be wide and comfortable.

Decorative elements are placed along the entire fence, starting from the road to the house and remaining after planning the entrance for the car. Based on the capabilities of the backyard, you can create a flowering flower bed behind the fence. To decorate the site from the side of the street is perfect hedge from evergreen thuja and barberry. If you plan an open area for your car, then do not land fruit trees next to this place.

The front area is a great place for a flower garden and any landscape composition. If the size of the backyard does not allow you to create a flowering flower bed, you can plant blooming ivy or climbing roses to decorate the passage near the fence.

Rest zone

The recreation area has a lower functional load, it all depends on the wishes and possibilities. Usually, this is a place where they build a patio, terrace, gazebo, barbecue area.

The recreation area occupies about 10-14% of the territory. Even for a small plot of 6 acres, this will be enough to accommodate all the objects: a dining table, a gazebo, a grill, a barbecue.

When developing a recreation area, use a few rules

First, part of the territory should be connected with the house, which will provide convenience. Since friendly meetings, family dinners will be held here, and access to the house will provide convenience for you.

Secondly, the recreation area, if possible, should be located behind the house, away from the entrance. This will create a comfortable environment. This is very true for sites that are located in the city.

The third rule - appreciate the best view of your site. Plan a resting place so that all the beauty of the garden is visible there.

Garden and garden area

Working through the zoning of a personal plot, the largest part of the territory, about 75%, is allocated for the garden and garden zone. The layout of this zone should be given special attention if you set about zoning a garden plot. Regardless of the size of the territory, a sunny, open area should be allocated for a vegetable garden and a garden. It should be noted that for large trees, the north side is best suited. Blooming apple trees, cherries, apricots can be a wonderful decoration for a recreation area.

Usually, a garden and a garden are placed far from the place of rest. Of course, on a plot of 5-6 acres, this is problematic. In this case, one should not forget that both the garden and the garden can also perform a decorative function. On the garden plot, you can make a modular garden with beds different shapes. It is best to have solid paving paths. Such a solution for a small area, and for a large area of ​​20 acres. Because such a garden is both beautiful and practical to care for.

Fruit trees, as well as shrubs, can be entered into such a composition, you can use fruit bushes (gooseberries, currants) in the form of lattices, hedges, pergolas.

Economic zone

Particular attention when zoning a garden plot should be given to the economic zone. This zone includes a greenhouse, a sauna, a garage and is located next to the garden.

Emphasis should be placed on practicality, since no matter how good the green lawn looks, paved areas and paths should be preferred.

It is difficult to hide outbuildings in a small area of ​​​​6-8 acres. Therefore, you need to think about their decoration, using climbing plants. For a plot of 15 acres, it is possible to enclose the territory with gratings entwined with roses, clematis, and grapes.

Game Zone

The play area is built for children, therefore, this area should be safe and comfortable for children. When planning a play area, remember the main rules.

First, the playground should be visible from the house so that the guys are in sight.

The second rule is that the coverage of the playing area should be soft, it should be sand or a lawn.

The territory allotted for the playing area depends on the area of ​​​​the site, 7-10 square meters will be enough. m to accommodate a sandbox, swings, benches.

It is best to have the playground in a sunny location, while taking care of the shade where the children will hide from the sun.

When organizing a zoning plan for a personal plot, keep in mind that the need for a play area in the future may disappear. Here it is necessary to provide for its next change. Think at once whether game Zone part of a personal plot, a recreation area.

Zoning of the territory is invariably applied taking into account individual needs. For example, with a strong desire, you can take 7 square meters. for a sports ground or take a small corner for your pets.

If desired, a protective and sanitary zone is sometimes created on the site in the form of an elevated hedge. Such measures are also resorted to if there are sick relatives in your environment in order to reduce the negative impact of the environment.

Be mindful of street lighting and rain collectors. Proper zoning of the garden plot will allow you to make the most of every centimeter of your territory. A detailed plan and a serious approach will free you from some problems in the future. Combining creativity with planning every detail, the garden plot will bring only joy.

There are many photographs on the Internet depicting impeccably designed summer cottages. They photographed beautiful cottages with terraces and pools, surrounded by well-composed flower gardens. Everything looks perfect in the pictures, but how to achieve such perfection in your summer cottage. Everything starts with planning. First, the land allotment and everything related to it is examined, and after that a plan for the future estate is drawn up.

Territory analysis

Pre-project analysis of the site helps to plan it with the greatest practicality. This is a kind of diagnostic that will show where it is best to build a house, where to plant a garden, how to prepare the soil for planting.

What does the analysis of the territory include:

It is important to pay attention to the very shape of the site. Its configuration determines how the zones are distributed for various purposes and the trajectory of garden paths.

Where to build a house

The main building on the summer cottage is a house. Subsequently, it cannot be moved in one direction or another, therefore, when choosing a place for its construction, the proverb “measure seven times, cut once” is true. First of all, you need to know where it is definitely impossible to build it. In the practice of building residential buildings, there are restrictions of a purely practical nature, as well as building codes and regulations (SNiP).

Basic rules in simple terms:

• From the basement of the house to the fence should remain minimum 1 m;
• For fire safety purposes, all houses on the street are located on one side, that is, either closer to the left border of the land allotment, or to the right. If the neighboring plots are already built up, you need to do the same as the neighbors or, alternatively, build a cottage in the middle;
• From other buildings, the house must defend at least 6 m;
• Be sure to observe the distances to the red lines: the roadway, power lines, the central line of the water supply, sewerage and gas pipelines. These regulations can be obtained from your local land office.

After taking into account all the restrictions defined by various kinds of technical regulations, there remains a part of the land available for the legal construction of a house. Now you need to consider the location of the site in terms of ease of use.

It is not recommended to locate the house in the depth of the plot, since its useful area will not be used rationally: the length of the path leading to the gate and the access roads to the utility yard and the house will increase. Yes, and each time to overcome a long way to the front door is not very convenient, especially in winter.

Site zoning

The division of the summer cottage into zones is carried out for the same reason that partitions are installed in the apartment between separate rooms. Only instead brick walls something else is being used here. The division into zones in most cases does not imply the creation of clear boundaries from blank fences. Thanks to this, in order to get, for example, from a place of rest to a garden, it is not necessary to bypass a long fence.

Basic principles for dividing a site into zones

Approaching the zoning of the cottage should be, considering the features of the relief of the land allotment, its location in relation to neighboring houses and, of course, taking into account your desires. In most suburban areas there are 4 separate zones from one another.

As a rule, 4 main zones are distinguished:

1. Economic. It is located behind the house, therefore it is often called the "backyard", includes a shed for inventory, a workshop;
2. Garden. They can also be separated by a conditional boundary;
3. Rest zone. Equipped with a gazebo, a canopy, decorative elements;
4. Yard. Area in front of the front door.

Each of these zones can be divided into sub-zones. A large yard often has a patio or space for a garage.

Patio area in the yard

If the yard is small, a place for a garage and parking is allocated in the utility part, but a separate entrance for the car is planned.

In addition, you can make additional sites adapted to the needs of family members: sports, creative, relaxation. If there are children in the family, a playground is created in the recreation area or in the yard, which can be combined with a sports ground.

How to properly zone a site - see our video:

How to split zones

Decorative fences are used to separate one zone from another. They are made in the form of a lattice or a low fence and do not block the view of the landscape.

Effective trellis in landscape design

What exactly to choose for ennobling a summer cottage depends on its area. So, even a not very long stream will take up a lot of space and for this reason is not suitable for arranging a small area (the exception is the layout without a garden).

The reservoir is located in a visible, open place, away from trees, the foliage of which can clog the water. Integrated into a recreation area, a pond or stream will perfectly complement the landscape and make leisure time more enjoyable.

Advice. If for technical reasons it is not possible to create a reservoir, you can do it. Unlike a water stream, it has its own advantages: it does not attract insects, it is safe for children.

Auxiliary architectural structures

Small architectural structures will help to dilute the landscape and make it more saturated. Sometimes they are purely aesthetic, but they can also have a practical purpose. These are various types of gazebos, pergolas, bridges, well log cabins and more. Such elements are surrounded by flower beds and ornamental vegetation. You need to install them in the appropriate places: in the recreation area, in the garden, in the yard.

It is not customary to decorate the garden with artistic elements, but you can do something in it. For example, it is permissible to build a small bench and a pergola in the form of an arch, in the shade of which it is pleasant to rest.

If vegetable beds are interspersed with flower beds, they are made out as part of the landscape landscape and complemented with various decorative elements: wattle, a mill, garden figures, flowerpots with spicy plants.

Layout of plots of non-standard shape

As a rule, there are no special difficulties with the planning of plots of irregular configuration. On the contrary, they can create unusual, exclusive landscapes. The main thing is not to be afraid to stand out against the background of standard solutions.

If the area is elongated

A long allotment of land only at first glance seems difficult to plan. In fact, such a site has an important advantage: it is easier to divide it into zones. They are divided one after another according to the degree of importance or aesthetic indicators: a residential area, a children's and sports ground, a barbecue area, a garden, a vegetable garden, a bathhouse, and at the very end the economic part.

The house is being built not immediately behind the entrance gate. It is recommended to leave enough space between the facade and the fence for a front garden, covered shed or paved patio. Since there is not much space left for the garage, it is better to include it in the project of the house, placing it in the basement, and arrange parking on the site in front of the gate.

All zones are connected by one path, laid along the edge or in the center of the estate. It is desirable that the path has a winding trajectory - this will help visually expand the boundaries of the site, make it visually more spacious.

Important. It is better to make a fence along the boundary with neighbors low and not continuous. Firstly, it gives less shade, and secondly, a light enclosing structure will hide the tightness of the territory.

If a site with a slope

The big minus of plots with a slope is the laboriousness of their arrangement, the additional costs of strengthening the slopes and creating flat areas. But if you are not afraid of all this, the height differences open up the possibility of creating an exclusive landscape with terraces. The already existing mountainous terrain allows you to create a waterfall with a cascade and an alpine slide in conditions that are closest to natural.

The house is being built at the highest point. This location will protect the building from spring floods and landslides. In addition, the entire site and the surroundings closest to the estate are well viewed from the height. An exception is a slope that slopes down to the north side: it is recommended to build a house on it approximately in the middle so that the building does not completely obscure the land allotment.

Practical tips for arranging a site on a slope:

• For ease of movement on the steepest slopes, stairs made of concrete, natural stone or brick are arranged;
• Willows, lilacs, wild roses planted on the land bevel will strengthen it with intertwining roots and prevent soil from washing out;
• A drainage system is used to divert melt and rainwater. It includes drainage channels of open and closed type;
• Drainage holes are arranged in the lower part of the retaining walls through which excess moisture is removed;
• To prevent landslides, the steepest slopes are covered with agrofibre or mesh. A layer of soil is poured on top, after which creeping plants are planted or a lawn is sown.

If the plot is square

Oddly enough, a plot that has the shape of a regular square is quite difficult to plan. You can spoil everything by building a house in the center. With this arrangement, there remains a distance between the fence and the building that is not sufficient for its rational use. Of course, this does not apply to large areas.

It is best to visually divide the territory into 2 equal parts, and divide the one closer to the street into halves again. A house is being built on one of them, and the second is allocated for a yard, a parking lot and a garage. The remaining half of the plot is distributed between the garden and the garden. In this case, garden beds are broken up on the south or east side so that fruit trees do not block sunlight.

Features of the layout of plots of different sizes

The requirements for the location of houses are the same for small and large areas. Having found a place for a house, in accordance with the law of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, it is permissible to distribute the rest of the land at your discretion. What will be planned on it - an agricultural farm, a backyard garden, a tennis court - is the business of the owner of the dacha.

6 acres

Six acres, these are the standard dimensions of the land allotment of the Soviet era. Since the land in the neighborhood is occupied by the same summer cottages, in most cases there is no opportunity to expand, and the lack of space forces you to save space. This can be done by building a house with an attic: the building occupies less land, and the living area of ​​​​the premises almost doubles. Also, you can free up part of the area by making a garage on the ground floor of the house or in the basement.

It is not recommended to save on the recreation area, using the area for a garden or fruit bushes. If it is planned to build a bathhouse on 6 acres, a recreation area is arranged between it and a residential building. In this case, the distance from the house to the bath will be 6 m or more.

10 acres

If the site has an area larger than 6 acres, this does not mean that you need to take up more space for a garden. The family's need for vegetables remains the same, and growing the surplus, which then has to be distributed to neighbors and acquaintances, takes a lot of time and labor. In a dacha of 10 acres (without prejudice to other important areas), a pool will fit perfectly. It is mounted in a sunny place where the water will warm up well.

Important. It should be noted that a pond in the country is fashionable, but it cannot replace a pool. When a choice has to be made between them, priority should be given to the pool.

All decorative objects require attention and care. Garden figurines, bridges, ponds, benches, etc. need to be painted, varnished and repaired. Therefore, you should not overload the site with unnecessary details, otherwise there may be very little time left for rest.

12 acres

When developing a project for a country allotment on 12 acres, you can not stop at any one style. It is more convenient to break a kitchen garden and a garden in strict geometric outlines, and the landscape of a recreation area can have an arbitrary design.

The space near the house is designed as the front part of the site. In the gap between the facade and the fence, a Japanese garden is created.

If the cultivation of the crop does not take precedence in plans for the future, the house is located at a sufficient distance from the road. Recreation areas are distributed throughout the dacha and interspersed with artificially created elements of the natural landscape, flower beds, lawns. All this is connected together by winding garden paths.

In the case when you need to get vegetables, fruits and berries from the site for harvesting for the winter, there will be enough space on 12 acres to create recreation areas and a garden. When considering the layout of the land, you should be creative and find something that will give country landscape uniqueness.

The owners of a suburban area are faced with the problem of landscaping. How to divide the site into zones, how to arrange allocated places, what to plant and how to lay garden paths? Let us analyze in detail the zoning of the suburban area.

What is zoning

On the suburban area there are buildings, flower beds, beds, a garden, and other places necessary for the owners. To do this, the area is divided into functional zones. Zoning of the territory of a land plot is an accomplishment, the purpose of which is to create convenience in movement, comfort in places of recreation and rationality of garden and garden zones.

Design techniques help to visually enlarge a plot of 6 acres, make a wide area out of a narrow one, and increase functionality in compact places.

Main zones

All objects on personal plot have a specific purpose, are located in different places. The main building is the house, all paths lead to it. Our goal is to bring important objects closer to it and move the vegetable garden, garden, compost site, etc. away.

I will name the points that need to be considered when drawing up a zoning plan for a site:

• provide convenient communication;
• take into account the entrance / exit to the gazebo, house, hozblok, etc .;
• connect objects with garden paths;
• think over the shape of the proposed zones;
• correctly plan the size;
• match the proportions.

Purpose, description of summer cottages

Consider the main zones present in almost all adjacent territories:

	front entrance area The gate, gate, path leading to the site are included in the front area. In terms of size, it occupies 6-7% of the total plan. The main function is the entrance / entrance to the site. The path leading to the house dominates here, perhaps a parking lot for a car. This is the main path, it is the widest (1.2–2 m), comfortable and beautiful. For landscaping, flower beds, rose gardens, hedges are made
	Economic zone Buildings for household purposes are best grouped in one place. This includes: hozblok; outdoor toilet; inventory room; bath/summer shower; compost pit, etc. The ugliness of some structures requires decoration with shrubs or green spaces. You can install fences, wattle, trellis for loaches
	Rest zone A special place is arranged for leisure activities. The size and design of the recreation area depends on the lifestyle, load and number of vacationers. On average, the site occupies 10–14% of the total area. The resting place is located away from the front area, has good communication with the house or summer kitchen
	garden area The largest space is allocated to the garden and vegetable garden, approximately 50–75%. This place requires detailed planning and knowledge. The difficulty lies in creating optimal conditions for the life of plants and the convenience of their maintenance. For beds and berries, try to find sunny places. The north side is usually allocated for the garden. By the way, under the shade of trees, you can arrange a recreation area. On a plot of 6–12 acres, modular beds are made for the garden, with paved walkways, as in the photo
	Playground This place is 6–10 m² in size. It is placed in plain sight so that the child is in sight. It is advisable to choose a shade or partial shade. Make buildings and structures as safe as possible. Attributes for the playground: sandbox; play house; swing. You can make a sports complex: swedish ladder; horizontal bar; rings, pole with basketball basket. When planning, consider what will be in this place after your child grows up

Zoning methods

Having made a site plan, we think over how the breakdown of the landscaped area will look like. Our task is to maintain a single style, to come up with interesting compositions. I propose to consider options for the main functional areas.​

	Hedges The dividing zone is usually made of plants in the form of green fences of different heights. Coniferous, deciduous shrubs, compact trees, flowers are used. They are trimmed or grown naturally. For hedges in landscape design are popular: spirea; barberry; snowberry; hydrangea; steppe almonds; lilac; juniper; mock orange; boxwood; Of flowering plants, tall species are used: dahlia; window sill; mallow; titonium; sunflower; maclay, etc. Low hedges are sheared at a height of 30–50 cm. High, solid - are kept within 1.5 m
	tapestries Pergolas, trellises, arches make out: clematis; climbing roses; lemongrass; actinidia; ornamental beans and other climbing plants. This is a beautiful decoration and a dividing barrier. Along with them apply: vertical beds; container compositions; flowerpots; hanging planters
	Retaining walls, terracing The labor-intensive process of capital construction of retaining walls gives a bewitching effect. They are arranged even with a slight difference in height - from 30 cm. Terracing is used to improve uneven areas, helps: strengthen the soil; level the horizon clearly define boundaries. Retaining walls can be made from textured stone and be formed by plant elements (ampelous, ground cover species)
	Stationary curbs, fences If you do not know how to separate a garden or a recreation area, use stationary fences. Such a layout and zoning option does not require maintenance and looks original. A small height, decoration, choice of material (rail, stone, hemp, remnants of timber, saw cuts of trees, etc.) make it possible to make a work of art out of a summer cottage
	garden paths Particular attention in zoning is given to paths. It is an important element in the structure of the landscape. In compact areas, smooth turns, winding lines, "snakes" are needed, they visually increase the space. Get away from straightness and sharp corners! With the help of ornate paths, you can create a geometric pattern, select a rectangular, round, triangular section - this will add variety. Plants are arranged in mini-groups, alternate: in height; dimensions; color scheme
	flower beds Plants help to mark and highlight any place. For dividing flower beds, annuals, conifers and perennials are used. Compositions are applied any: monotonous; mixed; group. The choice of plants is not limited, it is important that a single design style is maintained and the budding time is observed for continuous flowering. For the organization of flower beds, there is one rule - the less symmetry, the more interesting the design.

Soil for zoning

Mixed plantings, popular in zoning, are difficult to grow due to different requirements to the soil. The problem will help to solve the use of special soil.

There are universal mixtures on sale, wanting to save money, you can independently make fertile soil suitable for most garden pets. The introduction of peat and sand allows you to change the structure and create a comfortable vegetable soil.

Our task is to make the earth small-lumpy, "breathing", structured. As a result, the roots will be able to actively develop and receive mineral fertilizers.

Remember

1. Set up tracks. A dirt, bulk, paved surface of a path without decoration with flowers will look dull.
2. drop off ornamental plants . Landed along the aisles different kinds plants will give grooming, make the territory interesting.
3. Pay attention to the recreation area. For the organization of recreation are used open terraces, podiums, pools, mini-ponds are being made. It is logical to place a barbecue, a patio, a dining table, a sun lounger with a canopy, hanging chairs and other attributes here.
4. Remove the hozblok from the house. Outbuildings, facilities for living creatures, their walking area, compost pit, etc. should be placed as far as possible from the house and recreation area.

With the right layout of zones, every meter of your site will be beautiful and functional.

Video: site layout