Planting seedlings of fruit trees - how to do everything right? General rules and recommendations for planting pears in spring How to plant apple and pear trees.

In autumn, planting fruit seedlings is best done from the moment the leaves fall from the trees until frost appears. This is approximately the end of September and until the twentieth of October. It is desirable that the planted trees have twenty days before the cold weather. During this time, they will have time to settle down. It is recommended that the temperature does not fall below +4.

If seedlings fruit trees with a closed root system, then the planting time is extended. You can also plant them in November, until about the middle of it. When buying planting material with leaves, after planting, you need to cut them off. Leaves divert the forces of the plant to support their life support and contribute to its drying.

Winter storage of fruit seedlings

Autumn weather can bring surprises and be unpredictable. If a good period for planting has not come or has been missed, fruit tree seedlings should dig. To do this, make a trench on the site where they do not stagnate ground water. The wall on the south side is sloping, on the north - the side of the trench can be sheer.

Plants have a crown to the south, the roots are sprinkled with sand, loose earth. Watered so that the air sinuses disappeared and again sprinkled with earth. Tree roots should not touch each other. By winter, with the onset of cold weather, fruit seedlings are completely covered with earth, only the tips of the branches look out.

Trees with an open root will remain until spring in the cellar.

Now let's take a closer look at how fruit tree seedlings are planted.

Planting apple seedlings

Before laying an apple orchard, you need to do site marking and determine the location of the recesses. The distance between the trees should be taken based on the varieties of apple trees. If the apple trees are vigorous varieties, then the planting scheme: the distance between plants is 4 meters, between rows - 6 meters. Weak varieties can be planted at a distance of three meters and respect 5 meters between rows.

If apple trees are planted in the fall, soil preparation is carried out in two months.

For this period:

dig up the soil, removing the roots of weeds,
apply complex fertilizers,
dig up the soil again
1.5 months before planting trees, excavations are made, drainage is arranged, fertilizer is laid.

We plant pears

Pears and apple trees are very similar in terms of cultivation. Plants should be planted, determining the distance between the trees, depending on the size of the pear in adulthood. Distance between plants take at least the sum of the heights (the estimated height of an adult pear or apple tree) of neighboring trees. Such a distance is comfortable, because the plants will not obscure the light to each other, the possibility of their ventilation remains, it is convenient to take care of the crowns of trees.

Soil preparation is carried out the same as for apple trees. If the planting pit is prepared on cultivated land, then it should be of such size that the roots are placed. Usually, under apple and pear trees, a recess is made 0.8 x 0.8 meters and a depth of about 0.9 meters. When the soil is taken out, the upper fertile layer is discarded on one side, and the one below is in another place so that they do not mix.

Seedling preparation

Seedlings should be carefully examined. Trim broken roots and branches. If the root is too dry, soak in water, you can add a drug from pests of the roots.

The roots of fruit seedlings are fresh, not dry - they do not require soaking, but it is very good to dip them in a mash. How to make it: mix a kilogram of clay and a kilogram of black soil, dilute with three liters of water, you can add a bag of root and a pesticide, for example, Aktar.

General landing rules

Fruit trees and shrubs should be planted at the same depth as they were before planting in the nursery. It is very important. A plant planted deeper, grows poorly, bears fruit late.

When planting trees, it is necessary to ensure that their root neck is at ground level. root collar- this is the name of the place of transition from the root to the trunk, so as not to be confused with the place where the vaccination was. Experienced gardeners advise when planting deep, it is better to immediately transplant a tree than to leave it buried.

A mound is poured in the landing recess, after which a seedling is placed on it, the roots are straightened along the slopes of the mound. When planting seedlings, it is important to remember that the roots are sprinkled with the fertile soil of the upper layer, and the soil of the lower layer is added from above. You can fill the entire planting hole with prepared fertile soil.

After planting, fruit trees and shrubs are watered abundantly. This is necessary so that the roots are more tightly connected to the ground. Expose the support and tie up the seedlings.

Preparing for winter

Autumn tree planting provides activities to prepare the plants for winter. Before the cold snap seedling spud. Fruit tree stems tie up branches of needles from freezing and damage by hares. You can also prepare a seedling for winter with handy materials: wrap the trunk with corrugated cardboard, plastic mesh, the main thing is that the material allows air to pass through.

Terms of preparation of young trees for winter - starting in september. The trunk circle is spilled with water and mulched so that the roots and root neck do not freeze. It is better to plant in the fall winter-hardy varieties of apple and pear trees, it is better to dig in the rest of the seedlings of fruit trees for planting in the spring.

Spring is the time for planting fruit trees, this is the “hottest” season for summer residents. The most common garden crops in the middle lane are apples, pears, cherries and plums. As in any business, it is necessary to follow the rules for planting fruit trees - only in this case, after a certain period, they will be able to please you with a bountiful harvest and will bear fruit regularly.

The organization of any garden begins with trees. Spring planting of fruit trees and shrubs is the best option, although this can be done both in summer and in autumn. One of the main advantages of spring planting seedlings of fruit trees is that over the summer it manages to develop the root system, the bark, which makes it better tolerates the first wintering. After planting seedlings, it is necessary to fertilize them with substances that stimulate the growth and development of plants.

The main goal of a gardener is to grow healthy and beautiful trees that give good harvest and pleasing to the eye. In order to plant a tree, you need to dig a planting hole. Its depth and diameter depend on the type, variety and age of the seedling. When planting seedlings of fruit trees in spring, the excavated soil of the upper fertile layer is placed separately from the underlying soil. 10-12 kg of humus are added to the ground of the upper layer, thoroughly mixed, after which part of the mixture is poured into the bottom of the pit in a slide. You can add mineral fertilizers for fruit trees in the amount indicated in the instructions. In order to tie the seedling after planting fruit trees on the site, a peg is inserted into the pit in the center, which should rise above ground level to a height of at least 1 m.

Having lowered the seedling into the pit, you need to carefully spread its roots along the piled hill of earth. The rest of the fertile layer (with compost and fertilizer) should be poured on top of the roots. After that, the seedling is well watered (1-2 buckets of water) and the soil of the lower layer is poured on top. The earth around the tree is carefully tamped, and the seedling is tied to a peg. Do not forget to observe the optimal distance when planting fruit trees so that they will not be crowded later.

The principle of planting seedlings of fruit shrubs is similar, but the pit needs to be made smaller. It is recommended to pour a hill of earth around the trunk to prevent freezing of still poorly established roots.

Planting and caring for seedlings of fruit trees is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. Fruit trees are recommended to be planted under the protection of others that are more frost-resistant, such as mountain ash or spruce. A number of protective plantings are positioned to protect the garden from cold winds in winter. Buildings can also act as such protection.

How to plant apple and pear trees on the plot

Apple and pear trees are the most common garden crops. Apple and pear trees can be grown in almost all regions of the European part of our country, except for the northernmost ones. The apple tree is quite frost-resistant tree. It prefers neutral soils rich in humus and trace elements, does not tolerate marshy soils and earth with high level groundwater (less than 1m).

The pear has higher frost resistance, especially in zoned varieties, but the pear gets wet faster than the apple tree, so fruit trees on marshy soils should not be planted in a planting hole, but on a hill that is poured in advance. When planting apple and pear trees, any soil that is on the site, compost, peat, sand, can be used as a starting material for such a hill. The base in wetlands is often broken red brick, fragments of slate and ceramic tiles, small stones. Further, chopped large branches, trimmings and fragments of boards, branches, shavings can be laid on them.

The next layer is dried grass, food waste, torn and crumpled newsprint (no color illustrations). All layers are covered with earth and sand. The last, upper, layer is poured with fertile garden soil not less than 0.5 m high, can be mixed with peat. For at least one season, the hill must stand for the earth to settle. Since trees are planted in the spring, the hill should be ready by autumn.

After planting a tree, it is necessary to add soil to the hill every season, not only under the trunk, but also along the perimeter of the crown.

Distance between apple and pear trees when planting

Before you properly plant apple and pear trees, take care of the quality of seedlings - it is better to purchase seedlings in nurseries, choosing zoned varieties grown in containers, not older than 2-3 years. Such seedlings tolerate transportation and transplanting better, and buying them in a nursery guarantees that the tree matches the desired variety.

If the groundwater is very close, the hill is filled in the same way as in the previous case, but the top layer of soil is first removed, and pieces of slate or similar material are placed on the bottom of the pit formed to prevent the roots of the tree from growing deeper.

This technique is especially justified when planting a pear. In this tree, the root grows predominantly vertically downwards, and with this method, the main roots spread over the surface and do not get wet. The distance between apple and pear trees during planting should be at least 4 m from each other, as well as from other trees or buildings.

Fruit trees are planted for 20-25 years. Basically, apple and pear seedlings, after planting, begin to bear fruit at the age of 5, so the choice of planting material and the place for planting a tree should be approached very seriously.

Rules for planting cherry seedlings

During the placement of plantings, cherries prefer the gentle slopes of a small area on the southwestern, southern or western side. According to the rules for planting cherries, good aeration should be observed, since the soil in such places warms up better, which affects the plants favorably. However, planting cherries on hills is not recommended, as in winter time the root system of the plant may freeze slightly due to the fact that the snow is blown off the hill by the wind.

If cherry seedlings are planted along the fence, they should be placed on a well-lit side. To avoid shading cherries with other trees (for example, apple trees), plantings are placed on the south side. If you plant a cherry on the north side, the tree will stretch out and practically will not bear fruit at all. Dwarf and semi-dwarf trees also require adequate lighting and warmth.

Cherries grow well in soils various kinds, however, in order to obtain a high yield and sustainable fruiting, it is planted on fertile land with high physical indicators, sufficiently moistened, into which a lot of air enters. Chernozem, light loamy and forest soils have such properties.

Cherry does not tolerate heavy clay soils, as well as acidic ones. Low-lying areas and valleys are unsuitable for planting this crop, because cool air and moisture are concentrated in these places. The most favorable conditions for the full growth and development of cherries are on soils that have a slightly acidic or close to neutral reaction.

Distance between cherry seedlings when planting

The best planting material for arranging a cherry orchard, both in the southern part of Russia and in the middle lane, are annual seedlings with a well-developed crown. However, in the northern regions, it is preferable to plant biennial seedlings.

Before planting seedlings, it is necessary to check the depth of the groundwater. They should be at a distance of about 2 m from the ground. Seedlings are prepared for planting as follows: having taken them out of the winter digging, they are carefully examined, damaged roots are cut off, as well as excess branches of the crown.

The landing is made in early dates, as buried seedlings can quickly take root and begin to grow. If planting is late, the seedlings may not take root (even with satisfactory care for them).

Plowing the soil with the laying of mineral and organic fertilizers, as well as lime, if necessary, is made a maximum of 1.5-2 years before planting trees, and no later than September of the previous year.

If the soils have an average fertility rate, manure, compost or humus are used as fertilizer, which are usually applied at 5-6 kg per 1 m2. In the event that the soil is depleted, the rate of such fertilizers is 8-9 kg per 1 m2. Mineral fertilizers are applied in an amount 2 times less than organic fertilizers.

The distance between cherry seedlings depends on the variety. Trees with a wide crown, cherry varieties such as "Jubilee", "Vladimirskaya" and "Shubinka", are planted at a distance of 3.5 m from each other. The distance when planting semi-dwarf cherries is an average of 2.5 m.

When planting cherries, you can follow a scheme that involves a dense arrangement of trees. Usually this does not affect the taste of the fruit.

Planting fruit trees: distance between plum seedlings

Plum seedlings, acquired in autumn, are added dropwise for the winter into a pre-dug hole of an elongated shape up to 45 cm deep. They are laid in a trench at an angle, after which they are covered with earth for half the trunk. Then the soil around is tamped. In winter, the seedlings are covered with snow - so they will be better protected from frost. Elevations, light loamy soils are suitable for growing plums. Tree planting is done in the spring. The distance when planting plums is at least 3 m from each other.

In order to plant a seedling, they dig a hole 60 cm deep and 90 cm wide. The upper fertile soil layer is placed on one side, and the lower one on the other. Then a planting stake is installed in the center of the pit and two-thirds filled with the soil of the upper layer. Organic and mineral fertilizers are first added to it: 12 kg of compost or rotted manure, 1 kg of superphosphate, 0.5 cups of potassium chloride or 5 cups of wood ash.

It is convenient to plant plum seedlings together. The seedling must be installed on the north side, the roots are straightened on the surface of the mound, and then fertile soil is poured into the pit. When properly planted, the root neck of the seedling is at a distance of 4-5 cm from the soil surface. After landing around young tree dig a hole, after which the seedling is watered. Plum garter to the stake is carried out using twine or film. If the groundwater level in the garden plot is above 1.5 m, the soil is raised by 0.5 m before planting the plum.

It's time to start planting trees. Fruit trees and shrubs are planted at this time of the year, for several reasons, if you plant frost-resistant trees in the black earth, otherwise, such work is best done in the spring. So what are the benefits autumn planting of apple and pear trees why it is at this time of the year that such work is often carried out, and how to do it correctly, you will learn further from our article.

Planting fruit trees in autumn:

Key Benefits autumn planting fruit trees are quite clear: Suitable temperature regime, a sufficient amount of moisture, the absence of scorching sunlight, and the prices for tree seedlings in autumn, as a rule, are much lower than at the end of winter or in spring. But there is one condition that must be met so that the trees do not die, they need to be planted about 15 days before the onset of frost, so check the folk calendars and the weather forecast before you decide plant an apple or pear tree in autumn.

Apple-tree varieties ranetka planting in the fall.

Treasure pear varieties, planting in autumn.

For planting, we chose just such varieties of apple and pear trees, the autumn ripening period, we have biennial seedlings, with a closed root system. Let's now talk about the timing of planting an apple tree. It is planted from mid-September to mid-October, if you live in the northern regions, then the dates need to be shifted by half a month ago.

Where to plant fruit trees on the site?

We figured it out, now we need to choose a place for planting apple and pear trees in the fall. We need to choose a sunny, open place, see that there is no close occurrence of groundwater nearby. Keep in mind that the distance between two new seedlings should be at least five meters from each other, as well as from various hedges, buildings and other things, it should also be more than five meters.

After you have decided on the landing site, we need to dig a landing hole, its size should be as follows: depth 65 cm, width 60 cm.

How to fertilize fruit trees in the fall.

For this we need:

excavated earth;
A bucket of humus;
100 grams of superphosphate;
100 grams of potash fertilizers;

All this is mixed and fertilizers for planting fruit trees are ready.

If you are interested in how to fertilize already fruiting trees in the autumn, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following video, where everything is described and shown in detail.

And we will continue the disassembly with our seedlings, after we have made the mixture, we also recommend making a drainage system for young fruit trees.

For this we need:

Broken brick;
Large rubble.

The layer of such drainage pebbles should be about 15 centimeters.

Planting apple and pear trees

First of all, we fill the hole with drainage.

Then we send the soil mixture into the pit, each layer should be about 15-20 centimeters.
In order for the mixture layer to settle, we need to water the hole with a hose, and let it stand for about 20 minutes.

Now we are planting seedlings. Pay attention to the fact that the root neck, which is between the beginning of root growth and the graft, should be above ground level. If yours is a little lower, then add a little mixture.

If everything is fine, remove the bag from the seedling, and start filling it with potting mix.

When you have dug the hole, pour plenty of water over it.

And again we fall asleep with the soil mixture that you still have left.

Tamp your feet well.

That's all, rules for planting apple and pear trees in autumn are the same, so feel free to repeat this procedure with the second seedling. On this we say goodbye to you, we hope you have learned a lot from our article useful information, not only about planting, but also about fertilizing fruit trees in the fall, until we meet again on our website and have great harvests!

Preparing the site for planting an apple tree, a pear begins with its layout. In accordance with the planting plan, the distances between rows and trees are measured.

Apple and pear planting technology

On soils with normal moisture, planting pits are dug with steep walls 80 cm in diameter, 50-60 cm deep. If the site is previously deeply dug, then the diameter of the pits is reduced to 60-50 cm. The earth from different layers is not mixed, the soil of the humus layer is folded separately.
A stake 120 cm long is driven into the bottom of the pit, to which the seedling will be tied.
Prepared phosphorus and potash fertilizers are mixed with organic fertilizers and soil from the top layer and the pit is covered 1/3-1/2 with this mixture.
Then a mound is poured from the soil of the upper layer, on which the seedling is placed.
The roots are covered with the top layer of earth.

It is more convenient to plant together: one person holds a sapling on the north side of the stake, straightens the roots; the other - fills the hole with earth. When planting, the seedling is first lightly shaken so that the soil fits more tightly to the roots, and then the soil is carefully but strongly trampled down, placing the foot in the direction of the radii.

Soil for planting

If the root neck is buried in the soil, the tree will not grow well. Therefore, when planting, make sure that the root neck of the seedling is 2-3 cm above the soil level.
If a planting hole is dug on dug up soil, the seedling is buried along the root neck, but so that the grafting site is at least 5-7 cm under the soil. With a strong deepening, the scion can go to its own roots and the tree will lose the quality of the scion.
After planting, a hole is made in the trunk circle, pouring a roller from the ground, and the soil is watered abundantly (2-3 buckets of water). At the same time, the soil is not only moistened, but also compacted. After there is no need for watering, the soil under the tree is leveled and loosened. The stakes are sawn a little below the first branch, the seedling is tied with a "figure eight" to the stake.
Landing on sandy soils dig wider holes, mix the soil with peat or compost.
If the site is difficult from clay soil, landing is done in trenches, no more than 50 cm deep. The bottom of the trench should have a slope towards the ditch. After installing the stakes, the nutrient mixture is poured along the entire trench, respectively increasing the consumption of fertilizers or sprinkling them only at the tree planting site. The landing technique is the same as in the landing pits.
In the area which is in a low place with periodic waterlogging of the soil, they do not dig holes for a fruit tree. Just dig up the soil to the depth of the humus layer and apply fertilizer. The seedling is placed next to a stake dug into the ground and covered with soil from above.
On high shafts, if fertilizers were applied during their construction, the trees are planted in holes dug according to the size of the root system. If the shafts are made of uncultivated soil, then it is better to dig trenches up to 40 cm deep along the ridge and lay soil mixed with organic and mineral fertilizers there.

Fertilization

When applying mineral fertilizers, it is necessary to ensure that they do not come into contact with the roots, since potassium in plants that take root causes the roots to die. Contact of the roots of a planted tree with nitrogen fertilizers is also dangerous, but, as a rule, these fertilizers are not applied during planting due to the fact that they are easily washed out of the soil and, moreover, they are not necessary in the first year after planting. As organic fertilizers, composts and rotted manure are used for planting.

Doses of fertilizer application in planting pits:

Lime is mixed with soil before fertilization.

Planting dates for fruit trees

Fruit trees are planted in autumn no later than mid-October and in spring - at the end of April - the first half of May. First, more demanding crops are planted - a pear, and then an apple tree.

When planted in spring, trees take root better, since in autumn the probability of damage to seedlings by frost and rodents is high. More often, a pear suffers from adverse winter conditions.

To preserve the trees planted in autumn, it is necessary to insulate the roots, tie the crowns, protect the bole from hares and mice.
If the seedlings acquired in autumn could not be planted, then they are dug in, laying one at a time in an inclined position (at an angle of 45 °) into a ditch 50-60 cm wide and about 50 cm deep.
So that the seedlings are not damaged by sunburn, they are laid with their roots to the north, crowns to the south.
The roots and 1/3 of the stem are covered with earth, the soil is compacted and watered in dry weather.
The area where the seedlings are buried should not be waterlogged. To do this, grooves are dug around it to drain excess water. Poisoned baits are laid out against mice.
In the spring, as early as possible, dug up trees are planted in a designated place to avoid warming the bark.

Planting material and work with it

Pear Planting Scheme

Amateur gardeners usually tend to get older seedlings, believing that they will begin to bear fruit faster. However, this does not take into account the fact that older plant, the more damaged its root system during digging.

Pay attention when buying:
Nurseries produce seedlings 1-2 - summer age. When buying, you should pay attention not only or even not so much to the aerial part, but to the root system, and give preference to those seedlings whose roots are more developed. A strong, powerful one-year-old is more valuable than a two-year-old with a well-developed aerial part and a weak root system.

root system- the foundation of the plant, and the survival rate and the time of entry into fruiting depend on its development. A plant with a badly damaged or simply weak root system will be sick for a long time, it will be difficult to take root and, accordingly, will not please the first harvest soon.
Two years later, one-year-olds and two-year-olds, planted at the same time, practically level off with growth and at the same time begin to bear fruit.
Strong, well-developed one-year-olds should be preferred if a flat crown formation system is planned. For many systems of artificial crown formation, the laying of plantations with annuals is mandatory.
Since the root system of seedlings on clonal stocks is small and finely branched, it is important not to let it dry out, as dried roots become very fragile.
After digging up the seedling, the supply of water to the aerial part is stopped, while the leaves continue to evaporate moisture. Drying can lead to the death of the seedling. Therefore, digging a seedling should be preceded by the removal of its leaves.
Transportation, subsequent storage or planting of leafy seedlings is not allowed.

Preparing a seedling for planting

Before planting, seedlings must be carefully inspected. Broken, rotten, dried or soaked parts of the roots are removed, trimmed to healthy tissue. The cut must be straight. It is necessary to update sections on the roots only if they rot. Trim the roots with a very sharp knife. When using a blunt knife, the cut turns out to be soaked and its overgrowth is very slow, the roots often rot.

If the seedling dries out, it should be dipped in water for a day. With a strong degree of drying, which is determined by the wrinkled bark of the trunk and shoots, the seedling is completely immersed in water for 1-2 days, periodically changing it. The plant is kept in water until the bark takes on its original appearance (healthy bark is smooth, shiny). Otherwise, the seedling is not suitable for planting.

landing technique

Apple tree planting scheme

The landing technique is not complicated, but requires compliance with a number of rules.

The exposure of the root system of seedlings to the air should be minimized. Even in autumn, exposure to the air of bare roots leads to their drying and reduced viability.
Immediately before planting, dip the root system well into a soil-clay mash (1 part clay, 2 parts mullein, 5-7 parts water). Auxins present in manure stimulate the formation and growth of roots. In extreme cases, you can prepare a simple nutritious talker by pouring it into a large bucket or into a small loose hole dug in the soil nutrient soil and diluting it with water to the consistency of thick sour cream. The liquid soil solution applied to the root system will ensure good contact with the soil in the planting hole, which is very important for the planted plant.
The process of restoring the root system and its growth can be activated by adding root growth regulators, heteroauxin, to the soil mash (2 tablets per 10 l of mash). If the growth substances were not added to the mash, then by dissolving them in water, you can water the planted plants 2-3 times in the spring (up to 1.5 buckets per tree).

Interesting on the topic

Apples represent very useful product , which should be present in the diet of any person. They are rich nutrients and micronutrients. Apples can be used in a variety of dishes.

In order to always have these useful fruits on our table, we need to carefully take care of the trees on which they grow, that is, apple trees.

If you make a mistake when planting, then the apple trees can dry out or freeze and then there will be no harvest. In this article, we will consider the issue When is the best time to plant apple trees?

in winter apple trees usually don't plant. This is due to the fact that at this time of the year in our country the temperatures are low and the trees will freeze.

In order for the planted apple tree to grow, you need to regularly water the roots trees with water and add fertilizer.

For more details, read this article.

Summer

Is it possible to plant apple trees in August? Planting apple trees in summer is possible, although unwanted. Some gardeners go for it. But at the same time, if the summer is hot, they begin to water the trees so abundantly that their roots begin to rot. If you definitely want to plant an apple tree in August, then choose a variety that is intended for this.

For example, an apple variety august. They can be planted in summer. Apple trees are also planted in August in regions such as Siberia to prepare for winter. But you need good time to pick up.

August apple tree.

Best plan for planting an apple tree for September. This is due to certain physiological processes that take place in the cortex. It must be ready for winter, certain substances must pass from the leaves there. When the bark is nourished, it will be ready for winter.

Advice! If an apple tree is planted in the spring, then pruning to the desired level should be done immediately. If it is planted in autumn or summer, then pruning can wait until spring.

autumn

If you start planting apple trees in the fall, then it is better to do it in early October. When wondering when you can plant apple trees in the fall, do not forget that this is usually done in the southern regions, as well as on soils rich in black soil.

Landing algorithm

About in five days before you need to plant an apple tree, you need dig holes, while finding a place with clay soil;
Add to it humus, peat or river sand. The depth of the hole will be approximately 80 centimeters, and its diameter should be less than a meter;
At its bottom it is necessary to throw shells walnuts or old cans. Thus, the pit will be stronger;
Then it is covered with earth, and fertilizers such as superphosphate, potassium sulfate, wood ash;
Installed in the center of the pit count, the earth is filled up to half of it and a seedling is installed. Then, when apple trees are planted, their trunk rests on this stake. It is better to do this together, because one person may not be able to cope with such work.

When to plant apple and pear trees in different regions?

When planting apple seedlings, it must be borne in mind that best time when to plant apple seedlings - when the seedling is sleeping, that is, its vegetative system is not actively involved in growth.

At what time of the year are apple trees planted in the Moscow region? Optimal is autumn. It should be borne in mind that in this region there are groundwater, which are at a depth of 1.5 meters. Therefore, when planting an apple tree seedling in a hole here, it is necessary to compact its lower layer. The earth is being poured in there.

Attention! If you buy apple tree seedlings for planting in the Moscow region, then keep in mind that it is better not to take them at fairs and exhibitions. Most often, apple trees are sold there, which were brought from the south. In the winter conditions of the Moscow region, they will simply freeze. It is better to go to a local nursery and find a seedling there. It is better if they dig it right in front of you. You can plant this local apple tree both in spring and autumn.

And when to plant apple trees in the Leningrad region? In the Leningrad region and in the middle lane, you can also plant both spring and autumn.

Landing in the autumn in the Leningrad region should be carried out before the first frost. The Leningrad region is known for the fact that the soils here are poor. These are loams, sands with gravel, peat bogs. Therefore, here it is necessary to add more fertilizer.

Landing hole preparation.

Gardeners with experience prefer to supply such soils with plenty of fertilizers. So do many lovers of growing fruit trees in Bryansk, Vladimir, Ryazan regions . local temperate climate makes it possible to vary the timing of planting apple trees.

Siberia and Ural known for their harsh climate. Therefore gardeners do not recommend plant apple trees here autumn. The trees in the yard will not have time to adapt to the outdoor climate, and the onset of frost will simply destroy them. But in the spring, these apple trees can be planted. Over the next period, they may well have time to get used to the climate and by winter they will already be large trees.

On planting pears, we will dwell in more detail below.

Planting seedlings

Buying and planting apple seedlings requires a careful approach. If you are buying annual seedlings, then you need to consider what you need to take zoned varieties(grown in your area) and make sure they meet the standards.

Now let's figure out when to plant apple tree seedlings depending on their age.

Annuals

Important! An annual seedling must be tall at least 120 centimeters and not higher than 130. If its size is smaller, then this indicates that it was not watered enough, or it was depleted by weeds and pests. If the dimensions are larger, then this indicates that he was given too much nitrogen fertilizer.

These seedlings can be planted both autumn and spring, but at the same time it must be remembered that for annual seedlings it is obligatory pruning which is done in the spring. The tree is shortened to a height 60-90 centimeters. This is done so that in the future a crown forms at the tree.

Biennial

Two-year-old apple tree seedlings will also be used. But we must remember that they must have crown rudiments:

On tall apple tree - these are two or three skeletal branches;
On the dwarf apple tree is from three to five skeletal branches. Two-year-old seedlings will begin to bear fruit earlier.

Biennial apple seedlings.

You can also buy three-year-old seedlings. They have a trunk of 40-50 centimeters and usually 4-5 branches. If planted correctly, then such seedlings will grow well.

It is best to purchase two-year-old seedlings in nurseries where they are sold in bunches of five. Usually the peak of trading falls on September 15-25, and on early spring(as long as the buds swell on the trees). Immediately after acquiring an apple tree, you need to plant. Each seedling should be labeled with the name of the variety.

In central Russia, the best time to plant an apple tree in the country, for such seedlings, is early spring.

You can buy them in the fall, with the aim of planting in the spring. But then they need and bury the winter. For this:

It is necessary to find a piece of territory that will not be flooded with water in the spring and on which there will be no large blockages of snow;
A shallow ditch is being dug in this area, its direction is from east to west;
One of the walls of the ditch (usually the southern one) should be inclined, seedlings are laid out on it;
They are covered with earth;
So that rodents do not attack the seedlings, the trees are wrapped in roofing felt or roofing felt. For mice and rats, poisoned baits can be placed;
In the spring, the seedlings are dug up and prepared for planting.

Columnar

Advice! Saplings of a columnar apple tree have their own characteristics when planting.

The columnar apple tree appeared in our area not so long ago, but has already gained popularity. She is from Canada. Her characteristic feature is the absence of lateral branches. At the same time, she starts to bear fruit quickly.

It is better to plant seedlings of this apple tree in early spring. At the same time, they should be at least half a meter apart from each other. For the winter this apple tree is being tried shelter. It also needs to be added fertilizer and protect from rodents.

You can plant this type of apple tree in September. Annual seedlings of these apple trees are recommended for planting. They take root much better than two-year-olds.

The columnar apple tree requires more thorough care than normal. She is a must water two or three times a week. In summer, this apple tree should definitely receive fertilizer usually use slurry or chicken manure.

And what about pears?

Pear is good fruit plant, the fruits of which are healthy and tasty. But this tree tender, it requires special care. Main question for each gardener - when is it better to plant pears and apple trees (we also do not forget about them):

For residents southern regions this issue is easily resolved. They need to plant a pear in the fall, because spring planting is not suitable for them. In hot summer, the pear will dry up;
northerners know that they need to plant a pear in the spring. A pear planted in autumn in these regions will freeze;
Difficulty for residents to decide middle lane . For them, there is the option of planting pears in spring and autumn. spring optimal timing for planting pears - this is from April 20 to 30, and in the fall - until October 15.

For the future tree, it is better to choose a place with good lighting, warm. The pear loves when it is warm and light.

Important! Usually pear and mountain ash are not planted nearby - the fact is that they have the same pests.

If you want to plant a pear spring, then for it it is necessary in advance prepare a hole. The topsoil is removed and mixed with fertilizers. Then the resulting mixture is again poured into the pit. After planting, a circle is drawn around the pear, and water is poured inside it.

To grow delicious apples, needs a lot of work. Already when planting seedlings, you must take into account following points:

Choose carefully varieties. So, there are varieties that are best planted in the spring, and there are those that are usually planted in the fall. The spring varieties include Melba and White filling, the autumn varieties include Zhigulevsky, Delight, Glory to the Winners;
It is better to buy seedlings from local breeder or local nursery. So you get trees adapted specifically to your climatic conditions;
Before planting trees, till the soil carefully. It is desirable to plow it, loosen it, clean it from weeds and pests;
Pits for planting are needed dig in advance. The depth of the hole should be twice the height of the tree. The top layer of soil is mixed with fertilizers and sent to the very bottom of the pit. Desirable width pits - two meters, depth- about a meter;
Very important for an apple tree mineral supplement. Therefore, ammonium sulfate, saltpeter, potassium should be regularly applied to the soil;
Important for an apple tree watering. Water it with buckets, about three buckets of water a week.

So, we got acquainted with the features of planting apple trees and caring for them, and also learned when it is better to plant seedlings of apple and pear trees - in autumn or spring. The information obtained will be useful to a person who loves gardening and wants to do it.