Cherry is considered valuable fruit crop, but problems in its cultivation can still arise. There are times when a tree does not bear fruit or yields too little. There are many reasons why such situations arise. Sometimes this is a complex of circumstances due to which cherries cannot produce a large number of fruits. In any case, the cause should be found and eliminated.

Incorrect variety selection

Sweet cherry is considered a southern tree, therefore it is sensitive to the climate of the territory. Varieties that are comfortable in the Moscow region or in the Urals will not always be able to exist normally in the Siberian Territory. For example, if a tree does not tolerate extreme cold and wind, then under such conditions, flowers bloom on it, but fruits do not form.

At present, thanks to the hard work of breeders, a large number of varieties of sweet cherries have been bred. That is why, when buying a seedling, every gardener has the opportunity to get acquainted with its features and preferences, as well as reviews.

If the area where you plan to plant cherries is characterized by cold winters and springs, then it is better to choose a variety that has winter-hardy wood, and the buds are adapted to frost.

Pollination

When cherries have good and regular flowering, but the berries are not tied, then the absence of a pollinator could lead to such a situation. Cherry is a plant that is not divided into males and females. Each of its varieties requires the presence of a different type of sweet cherry nearby in order to cross-pollinate. Insects help in this process.

As a pollinator, cherries should not be used for this purpose.

Most cherry varieties are self-fertile, so planting should be done in groups, that is, it is necessary to plant 2-3 individuals of different varieties of sweet cherries with the same flowering period. I also single out several self-fertile varieties, but they tie no more than 10% of the berries of their capacity.

acidic soils

Not only cherries, but also cherries prefer soils with a neutral or alkaline environment. If there is soil with high acidity on the territory, then you should not expect rapid growth and a good harvest. Therefore, when choosing a place to land, it is worth taking the process with all responsibility.

Factors by which it can be determined that soil is not suitable for a tree:

• branches and trunk grow less than 20 centimeters per year;
• bare whips are located on the crown, on which there are no branches;
• the trunk is covered with numerous microcracks through which gum seeps;
• a large number of flowers fall off without leaving an ovary.

If all these signs are noticed, or at least one on a cherry tree, then it is worth normalizing the acidity of the soil. To do this, a bag of lime or dolomite flour is poured under the tree.

fungal infection

The presence of a fungal disease is one of the reasons why cherries do not bear fruit. The source of the problem is cocomycosis.

A diseased tree can be recognized by the following signs:

• falling leaves in the summer;
• a small number of flowers in spring;
• constant decline in fruiting;
• freezing of the kidneys.

To eliminate the fungus, the plant should be irrigated with Oxyx or Ridomil. Spraying is worth every 10 days.

Also, moniliosis can become the cause of poor cherry yield. If an infection is present on the tree, then the level of flowering decreases, and in April there is a complete fall of flowers. As a result, the sweet cherry loses the ability to bear fruit.

A remedy that gives a good effect in the fight against moniliosis is the Chorus solution. The spraying procedure is repeated every 20 days.

Nutrient deficiency

If there are no ovaries on the cherry, then this may be due to a lack of boron. This situation will help to correct foliar supplements. Without their introduction, the berries will not be tied, the flowers will begin to crumble, after the time has elapsed, flower buds will not be laid on the plant.

Most often, a lack of boron is noticed in alkaline soil, so reducing its acidity should be carried out carefully. To eliminate the problem, the tree should be treated with dissolved boric acid. It is necessary to spray before the beginning of flowering and after its completion.

weather conditions

Poor fruiting of a berry tree may occur due to unsuitable weather conditions. There will be no fruits on the sweet cherry if wind, rain and frost are observed at the time of its flowering. In hot or cloudy weather, the tree also does not feel comfortable. In such a situation, the pollen that fell on the flower does not germinate.

If the buds freeze in winter, then the tree does not bloom well in the spring. Proper care of the sweet cherry will help it to bloom and bear fruit regularly.

To do this, the tree should be watered every 2 weeks, intensively fed, and the process of mulching the root part should be carried out.

Improper planting process of a young plant

Planting a seedling too deep can cause the tree to weaken and drop flowers. The location of the root collar of a young tree should be 5 centimeters higher than the compacted and watered soil.

Excessive moisture is detrimental to the plant.. That is why groundwater should be located no closer than 1.5 meters to the roots. Not only cherry care must be carried out according to the rules, but also the planting of its seedling. In this way, many problems in an already adult plant can be avoided.

Experiencing winter time

It happens that even in hardy plants, buds die in winter. Cherry is no exception. During the period of frost, entire branches can die, which is why the tree will not bloom in spring.

To avoid such situations, you will need to take several important steps.

1. Increase the winter hardiness of cherries. This can be achieved by planting in non-cold lowlands, positioning the tree without the presence of shade, pruning it correctly and forming a crown. The tree will become more adapted to the cold if it is watered only in dry weather, nitrogen and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied.
2. In winter, cover the cherry with snow. Hilling with snow will help protect the plant from freezing. If in winter time the bark or branches are damaged, then they should be cured immediately. Also, wounds will cause weakness of the cherry, its infertility and soreness.

The lack of fruiting in sweet cherries can be justified by many factors. Many of them are associated with poor plant care, as well as insufficient knowledge of the characteristics of the variety. This tree will not require much effort from the gardener in order to give a bountiful harvest. The main thing is to follow at least elementary rules and pay a little attention to the sweet cherry.

How to form a cherry, see the following video

Cherry is a tree that can bear fruit for a hundred years. But in order for the sweet cherry to give large yields, it is necessary to properly care for it.

Choice of cherry varieties

When laying a garden, it is important to choose zoned ones. In cold climates, early-ripening varieties will do better. Cherry flower buds are more sensitive to cold than leafy ones. During spring frosts, the branches of the tree may not be affected, but the flower buds will freeze. Therefore, it is better to choose varieties with increased cold resistance.

Correct fit

Often cherries do not bear fruit due to improper planting. root collar fruit tree cannot be buried in the ground. It must be kept at ground level, and the graft should be raised 10 cm above ground level. If the root collar is too deep into the soil, then the development of the tree is delayed. Cherries will come into fruiting later and the berries will be smaller.

The place for planting cherries should be on the south or southwest side of the site. For most of the daylight hours, direct sunlight should fall on the cherry.

The fruiting period of the cherry

Sweet cherries begin to bear fruit 4 years after planting. The tree bears fruit every year. In full force, the sweet cherry begins to bear fruit only after reaching 10-12 years, depending on the variety. yellow cherry comes into fruiting earlier than red or pink varieties. The tree will start fruiting earlier if the seedling was grown in a container. It is possible to accelerate the entry of sweet cherries into fruiting if you ensure good food tree and every season to bring into the soil

Fertilizer and watering

Cherry does not like stagnant water. This is a drought-resistant crop, so it is enough to water it only three times per season. Under cherry 4 summer age pour 10 liters of water in one watering. The first time is watered during the blooming of flower buds, the second - after flowering, the third - after harvesting.

In early spring, when melting snow lies, the tree is fed with nitroammophos to increase the ovary. Cherry is especially hard to tolerate a lack of potassium, therefore, in early May, before flowering, potassium and magnesium-containing fertilizers are applied to the soil. After flowering - potash fertilizers again, but already together with herbal infusion or a solution of organic fertilizers.

In summer, beans, mustard or phacelia can be planted in the trunk circle. Then mow it down and plant it in the soil.

It is better not to apply nitrogen fertilizers in the autumn, as the sweet cherry will begin to grow rapidly, its shoots will not have time to ripen and freeze in winter.

Cherry is a thermophilic plant.

Despite the fact that cold-resistant varieties have now been bred, the southern trees will still have the largest harvest.

Unlike its sister cherry, this berry is larger and less prone to disease.

Pests on cherries also appear less frequently.

However, it is still subject to a terrible misfortune - drying out.

Why cherries dry up and what to do?

At that moment, when the branches of the cherry begin to dry out, the gardener should sound the alarm. If you leave this fact without due attention, the tree will soon wither completely. It is necessary to determine the cause of drying as soon as possible and eliminate it immediately.

Here it is immediately worth making a reservation on the issue of errors when planting cherries. She loves a lot of light and a well-ventilated area, preferably on a hill, even if artificial. Like any heat-loving plant, even frost-resistant varieties should be protected from northern winds. The most favorable soil is sandy or medium loamy. Failure to follow these rules can greatly affect the development and growth of cherries.

Why does even a cherry planted according to all the rules dry up?

Likely causes:

— adverse weather conditions;

- diseases;

- pests.

Adverse weather conditions

The disadvantage of breeding sweet cherry species is that frost-resistant varieties tolerate drought extremely poorly, and vice versa, varieties that feel great in high temperatures cannot tolerate frost.

Cherry dries up from the heat - what to do?

In the hottest years, the scorching sun literally burns out the soil and all the vegetation on it. The main reason for the drying of cherries during this period is the lack of moisture. Regular and plentiful watering will help correct the situation. In order for moisture to penetrate as deeply as possible, you can dig a small depression around the trunk.

Some gardeners, after watering, cover the soil around the trunk of the cherry with large leaves or artificial materials.

What to do so that the cherry does not dry out from the frost?

Cherries unprepared for winter can freeze in extreme cold. The most harmless of what it can turn into is dried buds and young shoots in the spring. The worst option is a cracked trunk, which becomes defenseless against diseases.

How to avoid freezing:

- plentiful fertilizer of the root zone in the fall;

- pruning of affected branches;

- peeling off dead bark;

- whitewashing the trunk with lime mortar or coating water-based paint;

- young seedlings are protected by completely covering them with insulating material, after driving pegs around the trunk and compactly folding the crown.

Cherry dries up from diseases

What to do with verticillium

Increasingly, many gardeners complain about the drying of cherries for no apparent reason in early spring. First, small branches begin to dry, then large branches dry up and after 2-3 years the tree dies. The likely cause is verticillium disease.

First of all, young trees under the age of 7 years suffer from this disaster. A vivid symptom of the disease is a rusty-colored gum leaking from cracks in the bark. In the worst case scenario, the cherry dies in one season.

Older trees cope better with this fungal disease, so it progresses more slowly. Gradually, strips of bark peel off, abundant smudges of gum are observed. It can take up to 8 years for the cherry to dry completely.

Powerful antifungal agents, which are offered in large quantities in specialized stores, will help cure the plant. The gum must be cleaned off, and all sections should be treated with garden pitch. Before winter, the affected tree is coated with a solution of lime and copper sulfate.

In order to exclude the possibility of disease, you should carefully select the landing site. If groundwater flows close to the surface, drainage is required. Strawberries, melons, nightshade crops and sunflowers should not be planted next to cherries, as they are also susceptible to verticillium.

Cherry roots should be protected from damage, as the fungus enters the tree through the soil. It also does not hurt in preventive measures to spray the plant before flowering and before leaf fall with Bordeaux liquid.

What to do with moniliosis

Many types of stone fruits are susceptible to molinios. Cherry is no exception. During the flowering period, spores of the fungus enter the tree through the pistil of the flower. This is followed by the fall of the flowers, and then the drying of the shoots and branches. It looks like a consequence of a fire, so the disease is also called a molinium burn.

Measures for treatment:

- cut diseased branches, capturing a small healthy area to get rid of the fungus, and then burn them;

- make a sanitary pruning of the crown for better ventilation, after which the sections should be treated with garden pitch;

- cover with garden pitch all the cracks in the bark of the cherry;

- after leaf fall, deeply dig the soil around the trunk in order to destroy the spores of the fungus remaining in the foliage;

- immediately after flowering and a month after it, treat the tree with Bordeaux liquid or blue vitriol.

Cherry dries out due to pests

What to do with the defeat of the California scab

The first time after the defeat of the sweet cherry with a shield, it is completely unnoticeable, since the insects are small in size (adults are about 2 mm). In addition, they have a protective color. Only after a few life cycles outgrowths from dead scutes appear on the bark.

The scale feeds on cherry juice, so in places where it accumulates, the bark cracks and flakes off, which is also a visible sign of damage. To get rid of pests, you should cut off the affected areas and burn them. After that, it is necessary to treat the tree with pesticides. Otherwise, the cherry will die.

What to do in case of damage to bark beetles

Immediately it is worth noting that there are several varieties of bark beetles. Western unpaired bark beetle affects absolutely healthy trees, which is dangerous.

The fruit sapwood chooses mainly old and weakened trees. Young and strong plants resist these pests well.

The first sign of damage to sweet cherries by bark beetles is the presence of passages in dried branches.

Fighting methods:

- required good care, including regular watering, pruning, spraying and top dressing;

- the affected tree should be treated with a preparation for bark beetle in early spring, before bud break;

- dried branches are to be pruned and burned.

What to do if the reasons for the drying of the cherry are not determined

If the cherry dries up, and the above signs and causes are not found, first of all, you should pay attention to the root system. It is likely that the May Khrushchev, feeding on roots, wound up on the site. Or maybe it's a mole or a whole anthill in the roots? Remember what fertilizers you applied under the tree, because twice the norm of urea or azofoska can destroy the tree. Try spraying with stimulants: Epin, Zircon and others. This will help the tree recover from stress.

If everything is in order with the roots, pests are not found, and the cherry is withering before our eyes, you need to contact an agronomist-specialist in fruit trees. The eyes of even an experienced gardener may not see what the eyes of a professional see.

In conclusion, it should be noted that, subject to the rules of planting and proper care, sweet cherries will delight the gardener with a large harvest for many years. The work of the gardener will not go unrewarded, because these large and tasty berries, among other things, are also very healthy.

A lot of reasons why cherries do not bloom

Cherry trees are not only a decoration of the garden, but also a source of incomparably tasty and healthy treats. Sweet cherries can live and bear fruit up to 100 years. It is less affected by pests than cherries, has a high yield when proper care.

If you violate the cultivation technology, you will not be able to enjoy the fruits of the plant. Often, novice gardeners wonder why the cherry does not bloom? The answer may lie in the peculiarities of tree care: violations of the rules of planting, pruning, watering.

Flowering is also affected by the presence of a pollinating tree near. For similar reasons, amateur gardeners note that the plum tree does not bloom. What to do in such a situation and how to organize proper plant care? Read more about the problem and its solutions below.

Note to gardeners

By the time of flowering, a fruit tree is one of those that begin to smell not too early, but not too late. Data:

Usually this period coincides with the flowering of pears, plums. It is slightly earlier than that of cherries, apple trees, but proceeds later than those of peach and apricot.

Flowering begins when the air temperature during the day is steadfastly kept at 15-25 degrees (average daily temperatures are at least 10-12 degrees).

The calendar period of flowering depends on the area where the sweet cherry grows and the weather conditions in the current winter. Usually the first flowers bloom from the first decade of April (in the south of the country) until the first days of May (in the northeastern territories). Buds bloom first on cherry-hybrid varieties.

Fruit tree flowers are collected in large umbrella-shaped inflorescences.

Beautiful and bright flowering lasts about 21 days, which also depends on temperature values. If the spring is cool, the period can be delayed up to 23-25 ​​days. In some varieties, flowering lasts no more than 12-15 days.

Possible reasons for the lack of colors

It's not time

The reason why the tree does not bloom may be insufficient time that has elapsed since planting. Although sweet cherries are quite fast-growing (up to 3 years), some varieties do not give color and fruits for an even longer period (up to 5 years). So if you want to enjoy delicious berries, it is better to buy varieties that are prone to early fruiting.

Wrong choice of place and method of landing

Choosing a place for a tree will be optimal if it:

• located on the south, southwest side of the garden;
• the site is well protected from cold drafts (it is best if this site is a gentle slope of a small hill);
• for artificial elevation of the place for the tree, an additional layer of soil was poured up to 40 cm high;
• illumination for cherries should also be sufficient (especially in spring, shading of the tree should not be allowed).

If these conditions are not met, the plant may not bloom for many years.

Flowering problems are not uncommon even when the soil type is unsuitable for the tree. The ideal option is fertile and well-aired soil, loose, medium loamy or sandy loamy. If you plant a plant in an area with heavy clay or peaty soil, the top layer of earth with excess sand, the cherry is unlikely to bloom and bear fruit.

close occurrence ground water can lead to stagnation of moisture in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roots of the cherry and their decay, therefore, the plant will wither and not bloom.

What can be the wrong way to land?

A common reason why an apricot, cherry or sweet cherry does not bloom is improper planting of a seedling. Usually, if you unearth such a tree, it will be noticeable that the root collar is very deep. Some inexperienced gardeners, on the contrary, leave the neck too high above the ground. In this case, there may be problems with the flowering and fruiting of the plant. When planting in early spring (before the buds swell), you need to follow the sequence of actions.

1. Purchase high-quality seedlings, prepare a deepening for planting. The landing pit should have a depth of up to 50-60 cm and a width of up to 80 cm. Pour humus, fertilizer or ash into the pit.

2. In order for the plant to bloom and bear fruit in the future, it is unacceptable to deepen the root collar. It is located strictly at ground level. In order to accurately place the tree, it is better to raise the seedling 5 cm above the surface, as the soil will settle a little later.

3. Form a roller around the seedling, pour water over the cherry (10-15 liters), mulch the soil with peat or humus.

Excess or lack of moisture

Problems with watering or excessive soil moisture are another cause of the problem. During the summer, you need to water the plant 3 times (if the season is too dry), each time loosening the soil a little. Before the autumn drop in temperature (at the end of September), it is also better to water the cherries. If it was not possible to carry out the last watering of the year, it should be done in the spring. But we must remember that excess moisture in the soil also harms the cherry, and it may not give color. In heavy rains, it is better to mulch the soil with a special film.

Dependence on supplements

In order for the cherry to bloom early, it is necessary that it has an adequate supply of minerals in the ground. Usually fertilizing is carried out in the fall.

For this purpose, the soil is fertilized with nitrogen and phosphorus substances, organic matter. Ideally, the amount of top dressing is calculated based on the type of soil. The depth of application is 20 cm. In a dry climate, fertilizers are diluted with water, in wet climates they are covered with dry ones.

It has a good effect on the ability to flowering and fruiting and the presence of "green fertilizers". For this purpose, legumes, honey plants (for example, mustard, peas, etc.) can be planted around. They are sown in summer and mowed in autumn.

Few people know that cherries can also “fatten” due to excess fertilizers, especially nitrogen ones. In this case, experienced gardeners recommend slightly damaging the bark on the tree trunk. You can remove the bark anywhere along the circumference of the trunk 2-5 cm wide. As a result of such actions, the accumulated excess nutrients will quickly be used up to restore the integrity of the tree.

Unsuccessful pruning

In order for the plant to bloom well, it is necessary to form a tiered or cupped crown with pruning.

Attention is also paid to the angle of departure of the branches: it should be approximately 50 degrees. Excessive growth of the lower shoots of the tree is undesirable, since this phenomenon greatly reduces winter hardiness.

Pruning is done in early spring. All annual shoots are made shorter by a fifth, but only before fruiting begins. After pruning, it is rarely carried out and in case of urgent need: branches that go inside the crown, sharp forks, weak branches, etc. are necessarily removed. When pruning diseased shoots, the sections must be cleaned well and treated with special means.

Pests and diseases

Significant damage to the plant can be caused by various diseases and insect pests. Cherry is less susceptible to disease than the same cherry, but it can still be affected by:

coccomycosis - browning of leaves and their early fall, as a result of which winter hardiness decreases;

moniliosis - rotting and drying of fruits and leaves, damage to entire branches, due to which the diseased cherry may not bloom next year;

larvae of various insects. destroying leaves and capable of causing a general weakening of the cherry and its freezing in winter.

To prevent serious consequences when diseases are detected, the tree is treated with special preparations and extraordinary feeding is carried out.

How did the tree survive the winter?

Cherry may not bloom if the frost resistance of the variety is low, and the winter was harsh and cold. In this case, the kidneys could die due to hypothermia. Cherries rarely bloom in a year when there were long thaws in winter, after which frost “hit” again: most often, the buds also die in such weather. The plant may also freeze slightly in the spring at low average daily temperatures. For the winter, it is better to dig the cherry well with earth, forming a high roller, and also water it with water (at least 40 liters). You can cover the tree if the air temperatures in winter are low or unstable.

no pollination

There is another banal reason why cherries may not give color. Most of the time, the tree blooms, but does not bear fruit. The fact is that there are so-called "self-fertile varieties" that are pollinated without "outside" help. Other varieties of cherries require the presence of trees on the site - cherries, other varieties of cherries for pollination. The periods of flowering plants must match.

Thus, you can always identify the reason why the cherry did not bloom, even if at first glance it is not found. Having eliminated it, it is possible to see a lush color in the next year or two and get an excellent cherry yield!

http://propochemu.ru

Cherry: features of planting and growing

Sweet cherry, or bird cherry, growing in wild nature Caucasus, Ukraine, southern regions of Russia today is widespread in culture. Always considered a plant of the southern flora, this representative of the Rosaceae is also conquering the more temperate Russian latitudes, which is facilitated by progressive breeding research to develop new varieties.

Cherries do not bear fruit. What could be the reason?

However, this culture remains very thermophilic and demanding in terms of accommodation and care.

View Features

Representing a majestic tree, reaching 10 m in height (and specimens up to 30 m were noted in southern latitudes) and having a beautiful decorative crown with foliage of different shades, sweet cherry is famous for its excellent fruits - a delicious spherical, sometimes somewhat elongated drupe with delicate pulp. Bright fruits, the color of which varies from pale yellow to burgundy-black tones and depends solely on the variety, along with taste are valued for their medicinal properties.

Cherry blossoms in late March (in the south), April - May (in temperate zones), turning the site into a magical garden of wonders.

Umbrella inflorescences of white small flowers, blooming at the same time, are extremely decorative.

The subtleties of planting cherries

The peculiarities of the culture, as a native of the southern places, are due to the requirements for choosing a site for planting. It should be:

• sunny;
• maximally protected from northern winds;
• located on the south side of a slope or artificially created small hill.

Sweet cherry loves fertilized water and breathable light loams or sandstones. A moisture-loving culture is sensitive to seasonal approaches or the constant occurrence of groundwater; it will not develop in such places. To obtain significant yields, several varieties are planted that will create the cross-pollination necessary for plants, since sweet cherries are self-fertile crops.

Best time for planting cherries - early spring, but it will be necessary to prepare for this in the fall:

• dig a hole 0.8 wide and 0.6 meters deep;
• mix the excavated soil with 20 kilograms of humus and fill the pit, covering it for the winter;
• in the spring, add 0.35 kg of superphosphate and 1 kg of ash to the prepared soil.

Cherries should not be overfed. This will lead to the formation of numerous shoots, most of which will not have time to mature before the end of the growing season and will freeze in winter.

The acquired seedling is carefully examined, the roots are cut a little for intensive branching and planted without deepening the root collar. It should be on the same level with the soil layer. After planting, the plant is generously watered, the soil is mulched. Cherry is a sprawling culture, so trees are planted at intervals of at least 3-3.5 meters.

As a rule, two-year-old seedlings are purchased in nurseries. If their crown is too branched, you can cut the branches, focusing on the central stem. True, this should be done only if the landing is carried out in the spring during a quiet period, i.

e. sap flow and swelling of the kidneys are not yet observed. With later plantings, branches cannot be cut. We'll have to wait until next spring.

Cherry care

During the season, sweet cherries require several high-quality abundant waterings, each of which should be accompanied by loosening the soil and removing weeds in the trunk circle or updating the mulch. Pre-winter watering is especially useful for a tree, i.e. carried out just before the onset of cold weather. The application of fertilizers of the potassium-phosphorus group at the rate of 50 g will also help to painlessly overwinter cherries. superphosphate for 1 square meter spare the projection of the crown.

Early flowering and fruiting require impressive food reserves, so organic and nitrogen fertilizers are applied in spring to replenish them. There are some rules for applying dressings:

• fertilizers in granules are scattered into trenches around the circumference of the trunk circle, closing them to a depth of 0.2 m;
• top dressing with dry fertilizers cannot be carried out in arid areas, otherwise the roots will not receive the necessary nutrition;
• dressings dissolved in water do not need to be applied directly under the trunk - in this area there are roots that are incapable of absorption. Serve nutrient solutions it is necessary over the entire area of ​​​​the near-trunk circle, focusing on its borders projected by the crown.

A good way to increase yields is to sow green manure plants (legumes and honey plants) in early August. Before the onset of cold weather, you can get high-quality green manure suitable for autumn incorporation into the soil of tree trunks.

Being a close relative of cherries, sweet cherries surpass them in resistance to various diseases, however, preventive measures will still have to be taken. The protective treatment of the tree with Bordeaux liquid or "Fundazol" is carried out in the spring and after harvest.

pruning

The rapid growth of sweet cherries necessitates its containment by pruning. Carry out this procedure, based on the necessary knowledge:

• pruning, both sanitary and forming, can be done in the spring before the culture awakens;
• fresh cuts are cleaned with a sharp knife and treated with garden pitch;
• during the growth of the tree, annual shoots are annually shortened by a quarter.

For strongly branching young cherries, summer pruning is quite applicable, accelerating the formation of the crown and contributing to increased fruit formation, since the flower buds are located in the middle part of the shoots and after processing their growth is activated.

Cherry crowns can be very diverse: in the form of a ball, a pyramid or a sprawling bush.

It is more convenient to create a crown according to a sparse-tiered or cupped principle. The gardener chooses the methods of formation. At the same time, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site, its features and the shape of the tree are taken into account.

The tiered crown is suitable for cherries with intensive branching. lower tier consists of several branches, two of which grow at the same level, and the third - 20 cm higher. The second tier is built according to the same principle and is separated from the first at a distance of 65-70 cm. Two branches are formed at the same level with the third single branch, growing 30 cm higher. Of particular importance is the angle of departure of branches from the trunk, since when broken, fragile wood is deeply wounded and can become infected. As skeletal, it is better to leave strong branches with an angle of departure of 45-50 °.

With proper care, sweet cherries begin to bear fruit in the 5th-6th year, delighting the gardener not only with excellent useful fruits, but with the magnificent decorativeness of beautifully shaped trees.

Fruiting cherry depends on many factors. It could be like an impact environment, and violation of agricultural technology of culture. As a rule, cherries begin to bear fruit 4-5 years after planting. If after this period it has never bloomed, then the problem most likely lies in improper planting or care. For example, a cherry tree will not bear fruit if it grows in acidic soil. So before planting, it is necessary to check the acidity of the soil - it should be neutral or close to it.

Another unfavorable factor is the close location of groundwater, due to which the roots rot, and this leads to a weakening of the tree. Insufficient pruning or its absence leads to thickening of the crown and insufficient lighting, but it is worth removing the extra branches, and the cherry will again become a fruit-bearing tree. Maybe the seedling is grown from a stone - it is a "wild", then it just needs a vaccination. If the cherry has blossomed magnificently, but the ovaries have not formed, there is a serious reason for this.

Most varieties of cherries are characterized by cross-pollination. There is a small category of varieties that are self-fertile (able to pollinate themselves), but even in this case, only 40% of the crop will form ovaries. All other cherries require a pollinator - another variety planted nearby (within a radius of 15–20 m) and flowering at the same time, otherwise the cherry will fade and the fruits will not be tied.

To avoid this, you should correctly approach the choice of varieties and not be limited to one. When purchasing a seedling, be sure to ask: what type of pollination does it have? You can count on a regular harvest only if several plants are planted in the garden. different varieties that have the same flowering time. Any stone fruit can act as a pollinator, for example, felt cherry.

What if the cherry blossoms well, but does not bear fruit?

Also, cherry trees feel great in the neighborhood of cherries - from cross-pollination with it, cherries improve their taste.

Fungal diseases are another reason why cherries do not bear fruit. A disease such as coccomycosis affects not only the fruits, but also the leaves, as evidenced by a brown or reddish coating on the plates that appears in summer. During the year, the tree weakens, becomes sensitive to frost, and in the spring it does not bloom, and does not lay fruit buds.

Another dangerous fungal disease is monilial burn (moniliosis). This fungus is activated in the spring, affects the shoots and fruit buds, which is why the cherry does not bloom or does not set fruit. You can suppress the fungal flora by spraying the trees with a Bordeaux mixture before the juices begin to move. Plant residues from a diseased tree must be collected and burned.

It is necessary to monitor the condition of the garden, every year to carry out preventive treatment of the crown with insecticides (Nitrafen, iron or copper sulfate) in early spring, and then during the summer season.

In order for the cherry to bear fruit regularly, it needs comfortable conditions. High humidity, dampness, excessively dry and hot weather can negatively affect the condition and fruiting of even the most healthy tree. It is no secret that in cold and rainy weather, the activity of pollinating insects decreases, and in hot conditions, pollen falls off the flowers, resulting in fewer ovaries.

Return spring frosts are the biggest problem for gardeners, because they lead to the freezing of flower buds. Cherry becomes especially vulnerable if it is abundantly watered and fed with nitrogen in the fall. There are also many varieties with low winter hardiness - it is for this reason that felt cherry often does not bloom and does not bear fruit, because it is a heat-loving plant. There is only one way out - to plant winter-hardy varieties, and in dangerous periods to cover the trees.

Cherry is sensitive to the composition of the soil. If it is not fertile enough, good harvest may not be counted. But an overabundance of nutrients can lead to a decrease in fruiting. For example, after applying nitrogen fertilizers, flower buds open much later than expected, and from an excess of nitrogen, flowers and ovaries can completely crumble.

In order for fruiting to be regular, fertilizers should be applied correctly and in a timely manner. Young seedlings usually do not need top dressing - the exception is too depleted soil. Complex fertilizers containing nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus should be applied for 3–4 years. In autumn, only potassium and phosphorus are added. Before wintering, humus and ash can be added to the trunk circle.

Nothing lasts forever, including trees. If your cherry tree has been growing for more than 20 years and has recently begun to bear fruit poorly, the reason, most obviously, is in age, that is, in natural aging. Cherry trees can live up to 30 years, but their yield declines much earlier.

You can, of course, make a rejuvenating pruning, every year remove the shoots growing inward and leading to thickening, but this will only temporarily increase the yield, since the plant has exhausted its resource. But you should not be sad about this, because the garden will free up space for new, possibly more promising varieties.

In this video, you will learn why cherries may not bear fruit.

Materials: http://gryadki.com/vishnya/pochemu-ne-plodonosit-15017/

Difficulties in growing cherries

Yes, there are difficulties, but if desired, with appropriate knowledge and diligence, they can be successfully overcome. Well, for now ... everything is in order. Cherry is a southerner and is significantly inferior to apple and cherry in terms of winter hardiness, but it can be successfully grown in the southern and central garden zones of Belarus. This became possible when the famous Belarusian breeder E.P. Syubarova, her students and followers, on the basis of the Belarusian Research Institute of Fruit Growing, winter-hardy varieties were bred, not inferior in taste to their fruits to the best southern ones. These varieties include Krasavitsa, Muskatnaya, Narodnaya, Zolotaya Loshitskaya, Severnaya (the last two are distinguished by increased winter hardiness), and from the new ones - Zhurba, Syubarovskaya, Gronkovaya.

But the production of high-quality cherry seedlings is a problem. Nurseries of the republic grow them in limited quantities, and on the market you can buy a "pig in a poke" - up to a wild cherry seedling under the guise of a varietal.

It is most reliable to grow seedlings yourself.

And it's not very difficult.

First, seedlings (rootstocks) are obtained from seeds, which in a year or under optimal growing conditions in the current year bud cultivars. The best stock is wild cherry, you can use seedlings of antipka (Magaleb cherry) and the most winter-hardy varieties and forms of sweet cherry. To grow rootstocks from mature fruits, seeds (seeds) are harvested, thoroughly washed from the pulp, stored without drying in a humid environment until autumn sowing or stratified during the winter and sown in early spring. Under favorable conditions, well-developed seedlings suitable for grafting grow from the seeds in one season. If you managed to get dense seedlings, they are thinned out in spring or autumn after 10-15 cm.

Then they need to be vaccinated. Budding (grafting with an eye) is carried out from the second half of July, and sometimes almost the entire August.

The timing of budding is determined by the readiness for this rootstocks and cuttings. Rootstocks should be in a state of active sap flow, with a good lag of the bark, and cuttings should be fully mature, with well-developed growth buds.

You can graft in the spring during the period of sap flow. The cuttings with two or three buds are grafted in ways of improved copulation, in a split, behind the bark, in a side cut, etc. The cuttings are harvested in early winter before the onset of severe frosts and stored in a humid environment in the basement, refrigerator, snow pile at a temperature close to 0 ° FROM. If on your site instead of a varietal seedling there is a seedling of wild cherries, do not despair. A tree of a "savage" or any variety that you do not like can be re-grafted within 1-2 seasons by any of the above methods, having previously severely cut off the skeletal branches. Mature trees can also be re-grafted, but preferably not older than 5 years.

You need a special place.

Sweet cherries are not only heat-loving, but also light-loving species; they make high demands on air and soil moisture. Therefore, when choosing a landing site, one should always reckon with its biological characteristics. Elevated, leveled places or southern and southwestern slopes, well protected from cold northern, northwestern and eastern winds, are most suitable for sweet cherry. At summer cottages and household plots a well-lit, sun-warmed place is allocated for it, protected from cold winter winds by buildings, plantations of other tree species, a high fence, etc. Low areas are not suitable for sweet cherries, which are flooded for a long time by flood waters, where masses of cold air constantly accumulate. The growth of shoots and tissues is delayed, the wood does not mature, and plants can be severely damaged by frost in winter. Trees grow and bear fruit best of all on moist sandy loamy and light loamy well and deeply drained soddy-podzolic soils with a pH of 6-6.5 and a groundwater level no closer than 2-3 m from the soil surface.

How many varieties to plant?

For planting, as a rule, annual seedlings with a branched root system are used. The best time is early spring, when the most favorable conditions are created for the survival of trees. A little late - their survival will worsen. At autumn planting, especially in late periods, plants often die in winter.

Cherry cultivars are self-fertile or partially self-fertile. To ensure cross-pollination and good fruit set, 2-3 varieties should be planted on the site. You can plant one plant, and then plant other varieties of equal quality in the crown. Sweet cherries grafted on wild cherry rootstock are planted according to the 6 × 4 scheme, grafted on Magaleb cherry - 5 × 3 - 4 m. The planting technique is the same as for other fruit crops.

How to cut?

The cherry crown is formed according to a sparse-tiered system with a bole height of 50-70 cm. removed by transfer to the upper side branch. Crown formation with a minimum of pruning is completed by 6-8 years after planting.

In young mature trees, pruning is carried out in the spring, before the buds begin to swell, and it should also be minimal. Basically, it comes down to shortening strong annual growths to form lateral branches. In varieties that lay flower buds closer to the base of the shoots, shortening may be more severe than in varieties that form flower buds throughout the shoot. Medium and weak shoots bearing fruit do not shorten.

Why don't cherries bear fruit?

Usually, shortening is used in weakly branching varieties (Northern, Beauty). In well-branching varieties (Narodnaya, Muscat), light thinning is done if necessary.

During the period of full fruiting, trees are limited to sanitary pruning: they cut out diseased, broken, rubbing and intertwining branches, do not allow trees to grow to a height of more than 3-4 m, form replacement branches in the crown, providing an annual good growth of shoots of 30-40 cm. When the length growth of shoots is reduced to 15-20 cm, skeletal and semi-skeletal branches are slightly rejuvenated, shortening them during pruning to the first strong lateral branch. Anti-aging pruning must be combined with the application of organic (4-6 kg/m2) and mineral (20-30 g/m2) fertilizers. As necessary, such pruning is repeated every 3-4 years.

What do cherries love?

Sweet cherries respond positively to fertilizers, but nitrogen-containing ones should be treated with caution. After all, increased doses of nitrogen in top dressing in the second half of summer can cause prolonged growth of shoots, non-ripening of wood and severe freezing of trees. The fertilization of trees begins at the moment they begin to bear fruit. Once every 2-3 years, 4-6 kg / m2 of manure or compost, 40-60 g of superphosphate and 20-30 g / m2 of potassium salt are added. In the intervening years, in the spring, 30-50 g/m2 of complex mineral fertilizers such as nitrophoska are applied for the first loosening of the soil, it can be limited to the application of 20-30 g/m2 ammonium nitrate or urea in the phase of bud break.

Cherry is demanding on moisture during the growing season, especially at a young age during the period of active growth of shoots (in June), filling and ripening of fruits. In dry weather, watering is effective after flowering (late May - early June), 3-4 weeks after flowering (in the second half of June), and, if necessary, in July. But remember: excess moisture in the air and soil in July can lead to cracking and rotting of the fruit. When watering, 40-50 liters of water are consumed per 1 m2 of the near-stem circle. The soil is moistened to the depth of the main mass of roots - 40-50 cm. Irrigation method - in ring grooves 10-15 cm deep, located at a distance of 40-50 cm from the stem and from each other.

She, too, is harmed by coccomicz.

Cherries, like cherries, are affected by such a dangerous disease as coccomycosis. Young trees are more severely damaged than adults. Leaves are affected. With a strong development of the disease, which is facilitated by abundant summer rainfall, trees of susceptible varieties shed their leaves as early as August, and this is reflected in their winter hardiness. To combat the disease during the growing season, trees must be treated with 1% Bordeaux mixture (100 g of copper sulfate with the addition of 100 g of lime per 10 liters of water) or 90% copper oxychloride (30-40 g per 10 liters of water): first once - after flowering; the second - after 20 days; the third - after the harvest; spraying trees 2 weeks before the leaves fall with a solution of urea (400 g per 10 l of water) during the years of strong development of the disease to weaken and destroy the wintering stage of the fungus; raking and destruction of fallen leaves - carriers of infection.

It is important for every gardener that all the trees in the garden bear tasty and sweet fruits. But sometimes you may be faced with the question of why the cherry does not bear fruit.

Then you have to deal with growing conditions or some features of pollination.

Features of pollination

Cherry begins to bear fruit in the fifth year of growth, in full force it begins to bear fruit from the tenth year. For good growth, it is necessary to place pollinating plants next to the sweet cherry, because most varieties are self-fertile. For the greatest pollination, about three varieties of sweet cherries should be planted side by side, which begin to bear fruit in the same period.

It is allowed to plant cherries next to cherries, but it is important to remember that it will not pollinate it. Folk Syubarova is considered a self-fertile cherry variety, but even it requires the planting of pollinating plants to get an excellent harvest.

Why is it not fruitful?

There are several conditions for the deterioration of fruiting:

• Due to severe frosts, the cherry does not bear fruit. If the weather worsens at night, the air temperature drops to minus 2 degrees, the flowers of the tree will begin to die. It is necessary to delay the flowering time as much as possible, keeping the snow cover right under the tree;
• Winter cold will also cause poor fruiting and freezing of the kidneys. It can also happen from abundant watering and nitrogen fertilization;
• Complete lack of nutrients and good soil. If the earth does not have good level acidity, then the cherry tree will not bear fruit. You also need to remember that groundwater should be deeper than one and a half meters. If the soil is peaty, you need to use lime and boron for a good formation of ovaries, and for sand - clay or organic matter;
• The plant may be depressed or weak, which manifests itself in poor yields, the presence of bare branches if gum oozes. In this case, the cherry will bring flowers, but will not be able to bear fruit. This can happen due to very deep planting, close location of groundwater to the root system, or poor infertile soil. Good fruitfulness is excluded if the soil has high acidity, is a swamp or is in the shade;
• The presence of wounds or cuts on the trunk will also cause poor yields. It is important to carry out constant pruning and thinning of the crown, remove dry and broken branches. The tree-like form of the cherry is cut by cutting one third of the length, the bushy form must be cut to the first good branching;
• Bad seedlings when planting a plant will definitely bring poor yields. Cherry has a high amount of shoots that grow from the root system. This is the way of reproduction.

But, if shoots are borrowed from neighbors, the same variety of cherries will not necessarily turn out. This is due to the fact that the root system grows wild shoots, and not varietal.

There are many more reasons why a tree does not bear fruit. It can be insects, pests or diseases. We must not forget about the implementation of preventive measures in order to avoid problems with cherries.

Correct landing

Every gardener needs to know what to do if the sweet cherry has stopped bearing fruit. First you need to follow all the rules for planting this tree, this is the key to a long life of sweet cherries and its fruitfulness.

Advice. Warm climates allow cherries to be planted in the fall before frost sets in, in colder regions it is best to plant in the spring before the buds swell. It is best to choose a warm, sunny place where the cold north wind is excluded.

Groundwater should be avoided, the root system should be at least 2 meters away from them. It is best planted in fertile loamy soil, avoiding swamps.

Nearby, you need to place about three different varieties of cherries that will pollinate your tree.

Landing in the autumn period has its own characteristics. In a couple of weeks, you need to dig up the site. A hole is dug up to 80 cm deep, compost is placed in it, and a stake is placed in the middle of the hole, protruding 40 cm from the surface of the earth.

So that the tree does not cease to bear fruit, the seedlings must have a trace of grafting on their trunk, which means that the tree is varietal. It will have a large number of branches, which will allow you to form the crown as you need. Landing is carried out before the ground freezes. The roots are straightened along the mound in the pit, after which they are covered with earth and poured with a bucket of water. After the soil is a little tamped, you need to add the earth.

In the spring, the same landing is made. The plot is being prepared in the fall. After the snow has gone, the ground has dried out a little, special nutrients and a week later, young seedlings are planted. The trunk circle will need to be mulched with peat.

How to care if the tree does not bear fruit

Top dressing is produced from the fourth year of a tree's life, for three years it will be enough for it to be planted in the soil during planting. Nitrogen fertilizers are used earlier, in the second year of life.

Advice. If necessary, you can make a cherry stock to the old tree. Such an operation should be carried out in the spring.

It is important not to forget about watering, loosening the earth, removing weeds and overgrowth. Loosening is carried out in the summer. The thickened crown must be discharged. Watering is carried out three times per season. Before watering, the soil is loosened, and after - mulching. Urea, potassium, phosphorus or chicken manure are perfect for fertilizer. The harvest is at the end of May or beginning of June.

Advice. Young trees need to be covered with burlap for the winter, avoiding artificial materials, from which there is a debate. Mature trees need to be mulched and the trunks whitewashed. They endure winter easily.

Follow these simple rules for caring for a cherry tree, and it will not stop bearing fruit. Every summer there will be a large harvest of delicious and fragrant cherries on your table.