Adenium is increasingly found in the apartments of amateur flower growers. The flower owes its popularity to its exotic appearance - the plant resembles a miniature baobab, literally dotted with flowers from above. However, it is not difficult to grow this mini-tree at home, because adenium is not capricious in its care - in its historical homeland the flower is accustomed to extreme conditions.

Adenium - an amazing creation of nature

Adenium (Adenium) is a genus of succulent plants belonging to the Kutrovye family (Apocynaceae). Their sizes are very diverse - from compact shrubs to tree-like giants. In nature, adenium is found in the equatorial regions of Africa (Senegal, Zambia, Kenya, Sudan, Chad) and on the Arabian Peninsula.

The name of the flower was given by the city of Aden (modern Yemen) - near it, European travelers first saw an unusual plant.

Adeniums are extremely hardy. They survive under the scorching sun, in "soil" consisting almost entirely of rocks and sand. But the plant reaches its maximum size (about 3 m in height and 1.5 m in trunk girth) in humid equatorial forests.

Adenium was discovered more than 150 years ago. But regarding the systematization of plants included in this genus, botanists have not yet come to an agreement. Most of them distinguish 5–7 species of adeniums and several dozen subspecies that differ significantly depending on the area of ​​growth, but there are those who consider the genus to be monotypic.

Translated from Latin, "adenium" means "Aden". But the beauty of the flower led to the presence of several poetic nicknames. In many European languages, the name adenium is literally translated as "desert rose". It is also known as the "star of Sabinia", "Impala lily".

Appearance adenium is peculiar. Approximately 75% of the time it consists solely of a thick and elastic trunk. In it, he, like any succulent, stores water and nutrients gradually depleted during the dry season. In shape, the stem (called caudex by botanists) most often resembles a bottle, but there are also specimens in which it is curved in the most bizarre way. By the way, caudex can also be formed artificially. This makes adenium popular with bonsai lovers.

In the roots and caudex, adenium contains its "emergency reserve"

The caudex is thick at the base and gradually narrows. More than half of it is underground. Young adeniums quickly increase in growth, while adults, on the contrary, grow rather slowly. Closer to the top, the stem branches intensively. On each branch, with the onset of the rainy season, small lanceolate leaves are revealed, glossy or slightly fleecy to the touch.

But still, despite all the exoticism, mostly amateur florists appreciate adenium for its fantastically beautiful and long flowering. During the summer, the branches are literally strewn with large bright flowers. In nature, all shades of pink are common - from almost white to rich raspberry and burgundy. The base of the petals is noticeably lighter than the main tone. Breeders managed to get terry, variegated, yellow, purple, almost black and other hybrids.

Blooming adenium is guaranteed not to go unnoticed

After flowering under natural conditions, small thick cylindrical pods form on the plant. Each ripens 2-4 shiny brown seeds with a "tail" of long silky threads. Thanks to this device, they scatter at the slightest gust of wind.

Adenium juice, released even with minimal damage to the caudex and branches, is extremely poisonous.

From the juice of adenium, African natives prepare poison, lubricating it with arrowheads and spearheads for hunting large animals. Simultaneously in correct dosage adenium juice is an effective medicine against fever, fever, stomach cramps.

When starting to trim or form adenium, be sure to wear thick rubber gloves, after finishing, wash your hands thoroughly. Plant the plant in a sufficiently massive and stable pot, which must be removed high enough to protect it from "encroachment" from small children and pets.

The flower is very popular with adherents of the teachings of Feng Shui. The plant is believed to improve financial situation of its owner, and also normalizes tense relations between family members, "pulling out" all the negativity.

Adenium is not only beautiful, but also useful plant

Home grown species

Mostly in home floriculture, adenium hybrids bred by breeding are found. Authentic species are quite a rarity due to dimensions that do not always fit into modern apartments. Where space allows, grow:

Adenium fat (Obesum, obesum). The beige-brown bottle-shaped trunk becomes gray and woody as it matures. In a comfortable environment, it grows up to 1.5 m in height and 1 m in girth. The leaves are medium-sized (about 12 cm long), olive in color, do not fall off in winter. The diameter of the flower is about 5 cm, the color is from pastel pinkish to blood-scarlet. Inflorescences are similar to shields. Blooms 2-3 years after planting seeds.

Adenium multiflorum (multiflorum). A small shrub (up to 0.5–0.8 m in height) with bright crimson or scarlet flowers. There are also variegated, red-white plants in nature. The petals are glossy. The main part of the caudex is located underground. Unlike most breeding hybrids and natural species even "in captivity" blooms in winter. The first time flowers can be seen 4-5 years after planting.

Adenium Swaziland, or Swazicum (swazicum). Bush no more than 0.5 m high with 4-5 branches of gray-brown or olive color. There is no lignification - the branches bend easily, hang from the edges of the pot. The leaves are light, almost salad, do not fall in winter. Under the scorching sun, they bend along the central vein, stretching the tip up. Flowers and leaves bloom almost simultaneously. The petals are bright pink, sometimes with a hint of purple. Rarely, but there are flowers white, dark scarlet, purple-violet. "In captivity" practically does not set seeds.

Adenium oil-leaved, or oleifolium (oleifolium). It grows extremely slowly, reaching a maximum of 50–60 cm in height. Long narrow bluish-green leaves from a distance are easily mistaken for needles. The caudex is located mainly underground, resembling a very thick (up to 30 cm in diameter) carrot. The "bark" on the above-ground branches is completely smooth. The flower petals are soft pink, at the base - snow-white or pale golden.

Adenium Somali (somalense). The height of a tree plant varies from 1.5 to 5 m (depending on how suitable the environment is). The growth rate of young plants is high - about 1.5 m in 1.5–2 years. The caudex is cone-shaped, wide below. In summer, a flower pot can be put outside. The plant will survive temperatures close to zero and even short-term frosts down to -5 ºС. At home, it is important to give the flower a "rest". First, medium-sized (3-4 cm) pinkish or crimson flowers appear, then foliage. Milk streaks on them are the norm. Under natural conditions, it blooms almost without interruption.

Adenium Crispum (crispum). Most often classified as a subspecies of the previous plant, but it does not look like it at all. The caudex resembles a turnip and is completely underground. It comes to the surface only if the pot is clearly small for the flower. Several fairly thin, low (30–35 cm) branches are visible. Leaves with whitish veins are strongly corrugated along the edges. The petals are bright pink or scarlet, atypically narrow, bending outwards. At home, the frequency of flowering is not traced.

Adenium Nova (nova). Another subspecies of Somali adenium. Forms a compact bush. Leaves are needle-shaped, smooth. The flowers are mostly pinkish, but there are also specimens with dark scarlet petals. Flowering lasts from July to the end of September.

Adenium arabic (arabicum). The plant resembles a bush, but in a suitable microclimate it turns into a tree with a trunk about a meter in girth. The form strongly depends on the place of growth. It grows only in summer. The aerial part of the caudex is short and wide. The color of the bark varies from light gray to inky purple. The leaves are large (18–20 cm long), fleshy, velvety to the touch, becoming wider with age. Flowering lasts from early spring until June. The flowers are medium-sized (4 cm), bright pink, petals are almost white at the base.

Photo gallery: natural types of adenium

Adenium arabic is formed by adapting to the environment The leaves of Adenium Nova look like needles Adenium Crispum is a close relative of Somali, but they bear little resemblance Adenium Somali is still little known to amateur flower growers The bark of Adenium oily is completely devoid of roughness Adenium Swaziland's unusually thin shoots Adenium multiflorum fully justifies its name Adenium obese - the basis of most breeding hybrids

Progress does not stand still, and the ranks of adeniums are replenished.

Varieties bred by breeding, in the photo

Adenium Mini - ideal material for bonsai lovers Adenium Yellow love has a rather rare color of petals Adenium Anaconda is extremely reminiscent of a tree strewn with flowers of all shades of pink - from almost white to crimson. , the branches stretch out ugly. Adenium Santa Claus is very beautiful, but, unfortunately, it has no aroma at all. Variegated adeniums have a lot of color options for the leaf plate - a solid pale golden color, dark emerald with scarlet spots that repeat the outlines of the veins, a light lettuce border, and so Further

Optimal growing conditions - table

Features of landing and transplantation

Adeniums are transplanted exclusively in early spring. Young - every year, adults - when the roots begin to protrude from the drainage hole in the pot (every 3-5 years).

The new pot should be 2-3 cm larger than the previous one. For adult adeniums, it is better to choose massive low and stable containers that look like a bowl; for young ones, those that are taller are also suitable. The color is desirable light - such pots heat up less in the sun.

The roots of young adeniums grow in depth, adults - in breadth, based on this, a suitable pot should be selected

The soil needs a neutral acidity level, light, breathable and does not allow stagnant moisture. Possible options:

Soil for cacti or succulents and crushed red brick or powdered activated carbon (15:1). The older the brick and the smaller the crumb, the better.

Universal soil for indoor plants, fertile garden soil(top layer 10–15 cm thick) and coarse sand (1:1:1). If desired, crushed charcoal or sifted ash, finely chopped moss, coconut fibers (1:10 in relation to the volume of the entire soil mixture) are added.

Coconut fiber, leaf humus, perlite or vermiculite, fine (up to 3 mm) expanded clay or pebbles, wood ash (5:2:1.5:1:0.5).

You can correctly transplant adenium by acting like this:

A third of the volume of the pot is filled with drainage.

A layer of sterilized soil 1.5–2 cm thick is poured on top.

The flower, trying not to damage the earthen ball, is removed from the old pot and transferred to a new container. The space between the walls is filled with soil, leaving a branching point on the surface if the variety is shrubby. The soil is carefully compacted.

After 3-5 days, the transplanted plant is watered. Damage received by the roots will heal during this time. This minimizes the risk of developing rot.

The subtleties of a flower transplant - video

Proper plant care

Adenium is by no means as whimsical as one might think, looking at this exotic beauty.

Watering

Adenium is watered exclusively with water heated to 25–28 ºС. In summer - once every 3-4 days, in winter - every 3-3.5 weeks. Water is poured along the edges of the pot, and not under the root. Focus on the rate of drying of the soil. You can not let him move away from the walls of the pot.

Some flower growers do not water the adult flower at all during the dormant period or are limited to spraying the soil. In this case, in the spring, the adenium is watered for the first time 15–20 days after it is returned to normal conditions. During this time, growth buds "come out of hibernation." Compared to conventional irrigation, they use about half the amount of water.

You can only spray the leaves. When drops fall on the flowers, the latter sharply lose their decorative effect, the petals “molt”.

top dressing

For adenium, complex fertilizers for cacti and succulents are suitable, for example, Agricola

In principle, adeniums do not need top dressing. But if you really want to, you can monthly water the flower during the active growing season with fertilizers for succulents or a universal remedy for indoor plants of low concentration (1-2% solution). Phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen in the fertilizer should be approximately equal. In winter, top dressing is completely excluded.

Freshly transplanted plants in early spring can be fed with root stimulants (Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin, Athlete).

rest period

Adenium "rests" from late October to early March. Some varieties drop their leaves completely at this time.

The flower is transferred to a cool (+13 ... +16 ºС) place, protected from direct sunlight. Light partial shade is acceptable. Watering of adult plants at this time is very moderate or completely excluded. If you decide to stick with the first option, wait for a warm (as far as possible) sunny day.

Flowering and formation

In most types of adenium, the appearance of flowers occurs in the summer. A single nitrogen fertilizer applied at this time will cause the adenium to intensively increase its green mass, but it will increase the risk of not waiting for flowering, greatly depleting the caudex.

When watering or spraying the plant, make sure that moisture does not get on the flowers.

The decorative properties of adnium are due not only to flowers, but also to an unusual caudex and a lush crown. Their formation is carried out a little later than the transplant, when the adenium actively starts to grow. Specific actions depend on the desired appearance:

A tree-like adenium with a pronounced trunk is formed by cutting it by a third. The same applies to branches (if any).

The bush is obtained by cutting the caudex as low as possible.

To restrain branching and form a beautiful crown, pinching the tops of the branches by about a quarter will help. However, this procedure significantly slows down the growth of adenium.

To form a "fantasy" caudex, two or more adeniums are planted as close as possible in one container. The points of contact are tightly wrapped with air-permeable adhesive paper. After 3–3.5 months, the bandage is removed, the upper layer of the “bark” no more than 1.5 mm thick is cut off with a sharply sharpened disinfected knife. The damaged area is tightly wrapped in a soft cloth. You can remove it after 20-25 days. The formation of a complex shape of the trunk is a long process, but the result is worth it.

Proper formation can work wonders

Care for adult plants consists in pruning old dried branches, lightly correcting the crown.

Some flower growers advise to cover the sections and buds of adenium with cytokinin paste - to stimulate growth and branching. However, the use of this tool is rather doubtful.

Important nuances of flower care - video

How does adenium signal grower errors?

Basically, adeniums at home suffer from too abundant watering. It is difficult to think of another way to ruin a plant. But small errors in care negatively affect the appearance. It is important to know why this or that problem has appeared in order to eliminate it in a timely manner.

Common mistakes and how to fix them - table

What diseases and pests can you encounter?

The very poisonous juice of adenium repels most common houseplant pests from it. But not everyone. Root rot caused by waterlogging of the soil is also extremely common.

Adenium disease and pest control - table

Thick soapy foam is applied to the leaves of adenium, trying not to get on the caudex. The pot, the pan, the place where it was, are wiped with ethyl alcohol. After 3-4 hours, the soap is washed off with a cotton pad moistened with the same alcohol, the adenium is sprayed, placed together with the pot in a large plastic bag and, if possible, tightly tied. The plant is removed after three days. If time is lost, acaricides are used - Fitoverm, Vermitek, Omite, Apollo, Neoron. In the soil during planting for prevention, you can add Temik or Aldicarb in granules. Folk remedy- an infusion of onion or garlic (the middle head is cleaned, crushed into gruel, poured with a liter of water for 6–8 hours).

Diseases and pests in the photo

Generative way

Adenium seeds can be purchased without problems in online stores

Most often, adenium is propagated by seeds. At home, they ripen quite rarely, but they can be purchased without problems. This is a certain "lottery". Varietal characteristics are not preserved in all cases. In addition, the seeds quickly lose their germination. It is advisable to use last year's "harvest". Plant seeds in spring.

For disinfection, soak the seeds for an hour in a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate or a 1% solution of any fungicide.

Soak them in water with a root stimulator for 2-3 hours. In both cases, during all this time it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature of about 30 ºС.

Prepare flat containers with a mixture of coarse sand, vermiculite or perlite and crushed charcoal (3:2:1). Moisten the substrate.

Spread dried seeds on the surface of the soil. Lightly sprinkle them on top. The thickness of the top layer is 2–3 mm. Close the container with glass or transparent film.

Provide constant heat (+33…+35 ºС) and bright light for 10-12 hours a day. Seedlings from fresh seeds will appear in about a week; for old seeds, the process may take 15-20 days.

After the appearance of the first pair of leaves, adenium begins to be accustomed to normal conditions, removing the "greenhouse". The time spent in a normal microclimate gradually increases. As it dries, the substrate is sprayed.

Plants with two pairs of leaves dive in separate containers with the same substrate. Do not discard albino adeniums; over time, this drawback will disappear.

A year later, the flowers are transplanted again - already in ordinary soil.

Adenium seedlings quickly increase in growth

Growing adenium from seeds - video

Rooting top cuttings

Adeniums grown from cuttings do not have a pronounced caudex. The rooting procedure is far from always successful, the "planting material" often rots.

At the end of May or at the beginning of June, cut a 10–15 cm long twig with several growth buds.

Sprinkle the slice with crushed activated carbon, leave the stalk for a day.

Place it in a container with moistened perlite, vermiculite, expanded clay crushed into crumbs, a mixture of coarse sand and coal powder. Cover the stem with pieces of coal or pour a small mound of clean fine sand around it.

Cover the planting with a glass jar or cut plastic bottle. Provide a constant temperature of +28…+30 ºС and bright light. Desirable bottom heating. Spray the substrate moderately as it dries. Once a week, water can be replaced with a root stimulator.

Roots appear within a month. Wait another 7-10 days, transplant the adenium into a suitable pot, care as usual.

Graft

As a "mother" plant, another adenium or oleander is used. The latter option allows you to get more hardy and profusely flowering specimens.

On the caudex of another plant, a sharp sterile knife makes an oblique incision about 1.5 mm deep in the selected place, the cutting is cut obliquely on both sides.

The incisions are aligned, neatly but tightly wrapped with air-permeable adhesive paper or “foamed” with a special spray.

The new adenium is provided with a temperature of + 32 ... + 35 ºС, bright light without direct sunlight and high humidity (daily spraying of the space around the pot is necessary). All shoots that appear around the grafting site are cut as close to the caudex as possible. The same applies to the "tops" (growing vertically upward branches).

Adenium grafting gives good results

In winter, most indoor plants are dormant. Adenium at home is attractive because it blooms just in the very first or New Year's frosts and pleases with bright colors of flowers not only for its owners, but also for all passers-by who look at the windows with a beautiful plant.

Adeniums are native to the tropical regions of Africa, from Senegal to Kenya and Sudan. The name of the beautifully flowering succulent from many languages ​​​​of the world is translated as "desert rose", and it is very popular in indoor floriculture, grown using the bonsai technique. The plant seems to have been created in order to form bizarre shapes from it in the form of unusual sculptures, which are obtained from the thickening of the stem at the base - the caudex.

Most representatives of the genus Adenium in the Kutrovye family are low shrubs or lignified succulents with a strongly branching trunk, growing up to one and a half to two meters. At home, the succulent develops slowly and does not stretch above 50-60 cm.

On numerous branches are medium-sized lanceolate leaves, rounded or pointed at the top. In natural species, they have a rich emerald color, but there are also variegated forms that surprise with unusual red-black or yellow-white foliage.

The flowers are very showy and decorative, flaming scarlet is more common, but there are also soft crimson, snow-white, lemon-yellow, velvety red-black flowers with a simple or lush terry corolla. The pharynx of many is lighter than the main background of the petals.

Attention! If the plant is damaged, therefore, during transplantation work, you should be especially careful, wear gloves, or wash your hands with soap and water under running water immediately after the juice gets on your skin.

Adenium transplant

Young succulents are transplanted up to twice a year, because they need to increase the space for the development of a powerful root system. When the adenium flower reaches the expected size, it is produced as needed at the beginning of the growing season, around April. A completely normal frequency of transplants for adult adenium is once every 5-6 years.

The plant needs a spacious container so that the roots and caudex develop freely. Preferably, the choice of growers usually falls on light-colored pots or containers, in which the root system suffers less from overheating in the sun.

A significant layer of pebble or expanded clay drainage must be laid at the bottom. The substrate is breathable and loose. Main components taken in equal parts:

• leaf land;
• soddy soil;
• coarse sand;
• some charcoal.

Conditions of detention

The best place to place an adenium at home is a southeast or south exposure. Lighting for the succulent must be provided as bright as possible, the plant is not afraid of direct sunlight and does not need shading. In summer, a container with a flower is taken out into the garden, but placed under a canopy in order to avoid waterlogging of the soil during rain, which can destroy the flower.

It is important! Adenium at home does not withstand hypothermia of the root system.

The temperature requirements of adenium are high, the succulent does not like cold air, drafts and sudden drops in temperature. In summer, for him, the most comfortable thermometer readings in the room where he is located are from 20 to 35 degrees Celsius, in winter the room should not be less than 12 degrees above zero.

Adenium care at home

The main measures for caring for a succulent are to provide the necessary soil moisture and ambient air, as well as pruning - a mandatory measure in the cultivation of adenium.

How to water and fertilize adenium

In summer, the plant is watered regularly and plentifully, but the frequency of moisture is regulated, focusing on the complete drying of the earthen coma - to the very bottom. Excess water from the pan is poured immediately. The succulent responds gratefully to spraying in hot weather.

Winter watering is limited and directly dependent on temperature. environment. Complete drying of the substrate is also required. If a cool temperature is set in the room, moistening of the adenium should be extremely scarce and rare, or absent altogether.

The first watering after a break in moistening should in no case be plentiful, but very careful and insignificant in terms of liquid volume. Seedlings and young specimens are watered with a small amount of water and infrequently.
Top dressing is carried out only from May to September, using mineral fertilizers for succulents and cacti. Organic extracts are useful for young plants. The rest of the year, adeniums do not fertilize.

Adenium pruning

At the very beginning of the growing season, in spring or at the end of winter, if desired, adenium is pruned. If it is supposed to form a plant in one trunk, shorten the main stem and twigs by a third. In the event that it is decided to grow a succulent in the form of a shrub with several stems, as low as possible.

In young specimens, pinch the tops of the pagons. During the next transplant, the roots of the plant are exposed a little, and all the thin surface roots are plucked out. Adenium is ideal for shaping Neagari style bonsai.

Reproduction of adenium

Succulents are propagated by spring sowing of seeds and vegetatively by grafting and.

Use by grafting valuable ornamental varieties with double flowers on seedlings of natural species. However, with the reproduction of adenium vegetatively it should be remembered that caudex is formed only in seed-derived plants.

Soak for several hours in a warm solution of a growth stimulant, such as zircon or another. Meanwhile, prepare the substrate, making it from coco soil, charcoal and vermiculite.

Seeds are laid out in shallow holes and moistened with a spray bottle.
Sprinkle on top with a thin layer of substrate and put the container with sowing in a very warm place with a temperature of more than 30 degrees above zero. Seedlings will appear in a week, but if the temperature is lower, for example, from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius, the seeds hatch longer, and there is also a risk of rotting of the seedlings.

When the first pair of true leaves is formed, young succulents are accustomed to growing conditions for adult adeniums, and with the advent of the third and fourth leaves, the seedlings dive into small independent pots.

Possible growing problems, diseases and pests

In winter, the foliage of the plant may turn yellow and crumble. Nothing terrible happens, such a phenomenon is normal, in the spring the adenium crown will be restored with its former decorative effect. Small at the same time is also considered acceptable. With the onset of sap flow during the growing season, it will return to its former elasticity.

Sometimes seedlings have a lack of branching, which is considered ugly. In this case, at the end of winter, the top of the plant can be pinched to ensure the formation of a branched shrub.

Among the diseases, the most common are root rot as a result of waterlogging. Pests affecting adenium - mealybugs and spider mites. Depending on the size of the colony found on the plant, folk or chemical remedies are used.

Types of adeniums

There are 5–6 species in the genus, but some of them in different sources are called forms or varieties of the named main ones.

Or fat adenium (A. obesum), a synonym - adenium arabicum (A. arabicum) - the most common species in apartments of temperate latitudes, growing up to one and a half meters in height.

Forms a powerful caudex about 30–40 cm in circumference. The crown is dark green, shiny, with white venation. The flowers are pale pink, in seedlings with good care may appear as early as six months of age.

Adenium oleifolium (A. oleifolium) - the plant has a short stature, olive-colored leaves elongated in length. The shrub forms a weak caudex, which is usually found in the soil and not on its surface. The flowering is very beautiful - delicate peach-colored bell-shaped corollas look defenseless and fragile.

Adenium boehmianum (A. boehmiaum) is a succulent with the largest flowers in the genus of a rich crimson hue, reaching 7–8 cm in circumference. The foliage of the plant is also larger than that of other species, in addition, it is densely pubescent and feels like velvety to the touch.

The Adenium plant is a member of the Kutrovye family. His homeland is Saudi Arabia. Translated from some languages, it is called as desert rose adenium.

Adenium flower is a compact tree with a fleshy trunk, grows rather slowly, the main half of the thickened trunk is above the ground. The shoots of adenium are branched, and the leaves are elongated with a glossy appearance and a slightly sharp and rounded end.

Individuality and beautiful appearance are distinguished by adenium inflorescences, large in size and an interesting shade ranging from light to rich crimson. The inner part of the flower has a lighter shade.

It should be noted that when pruning, adenium emits a toxic substance, after working with a flower, you must wash your hands well.

Adenium species and varieties

The adenium family represents about five species, and all the rest are subspecies.

or other name adenium obesum . The plant develops slowly, its trunk is stiff, significant branching begins in the upper part. The height of the plant is about 1.5 meters, and in diameter the trunk passes the mark of more than a meter. Grayish shoots with a thick fleshy base. Light green leaves grow on the upper shoots with a long base reaching a length of about 10 cm.

In summer, the plant is about 5 cm in diameter with bright pink, red or light petals. Growing this plant at home, its height can reach about 70 cm, it all depends on the conditions of care and abundance of moisture. In some tribes, its poison was used in the creation of poisonous arrowheads.

natural habitat is the south of the Arabian Peninsula. Worth noting interesting fact if the plant does not have enough water, then the adenium remains in the form of a bush with a large root system. And if there is enough water, then the plant develops and becomes a tree.

The leaves of this plant are externally shiny and larger than obessum, and with age they become long up to 20 cm and a width of about 11 cm. The trunk reaches up to one meter in diameter. Adenium arabicum develops well at home, a rather unpretentious plant.

Flowering begins in the third year after planting. The first inflorescences begin to appear in the second half of winter. The most striking feature of Adenium Arabicum is its caudex, its appearance and extended base.

This is the brightest representative among other species. It represents an actively branching bush, which blooms unusually and very actively from the moment of planting. Its growth is slow, as in all species. The peculiarity that the plant has is inconsistent varietal characteristics after breeding work, the difference in color and shape.

his homeland is the coast of Mozambique. This species forms various interesting hybrids with adenium obessum. This plant is a shrub, its identity is its rhizome, but by the fifth year of growth it disappears. Flowering in this species takes place in cold and dry times, in winter. Inflorescences are white with a red border. There are also red, burgundy and pink shades with inflorescences up to 7 cm in diameter.

Adenium home care

Care for adenium does not take much time and effort, so the plant is quite popular among flower growers.

Adenium is a heat-loving plant that develops well even when exposed to sunlight. Sufficient lighting is a necessity for adenium in care and maintenance, so the south side is what it needs. The plant on the windowsill must be constantly unfolded so that it grows evenly and does not “curve the top”.

For adenium at home, it is necessary to maintain a temperature of 24 to 35 degrees, this is necessary during active development from autumn to spring. Humidification does not play a big role, you can sometimes spray in the summer and do not touch only the leaves, flowers.

In the autumn, when the sunny day at adenium is shortening, a state of rest begins. In some varieties, part of the leaves fall, and sometimes all. AT winter time adenium can withstand temperatures as low as 10 degrees, but it is important not to flood the plant during this period, otherwise you risk losing the plant due to a fungal infection.

Adeniums watering

Watering in the spring and in the summer, when active development takes place, you need to regularly and abundantly moisten. In winter, watering is reduced and moistened as needed when the ground cover dries up. Water for irrigation needs soft, room temperature and slightly sour.

Adenium blooms from spring to autumn. Inflorescences are large, bloom in large numbers. Bouquets of flowers are at the ends of the branches.

Adenium transplant

For adenium, transplantation is performed as needed, but in good conditions adenium can develop quite quickly. The first transplant is required at the age of about three months.

The thickness of the shoots usually reaches one centimeter. Adenium transplantation is carried out in the evening or cloudy weather and is not moistened for several days. If it turned out that the transplant fell on daylight hours, then after the transplant, the plant must be moistened.

How to transplant adenium

The plant is taken out of the container, reviewed for the presence of putrefactive formations. Drainage and a small amount of soil are poured on the bottom of the new container and we place a seedling there, sprinkle the soil and make sure that it replaces the void between the roots. After transplantation, the plant is placed in a dark place for a couple of days. Young plants prefer moderate watering.

soil for adenium

For adenium, the soil for transplantation is of particular importance. The ideal soil for adenium is light and permeable, with sufficient fertilizer and a neutral or sour reaction.

The soil can be purchased ready-made and add perlite or vermiculite to it, but so that its amount does not exceed 20%. You can buy ready-made soil for ground orchids. Also, the soil can be prepared independently. The composition of such soil for adenium should include coconut fiber or peat, hardwood or humus, coarse sand, perlite, and the ratio (5: 2: 1: 2).

Why adenium does not bloom

Due to improper conditions of detention, sometimes adenium stops flowering. The reason may be a large amount of fertilizer, because of this, the flower goes well into the foliage, and does not bloom. Also, there may be a lack of sunlight, rotting of the root system and abundant watering in the cold season and improper observance of the dormant state for adenium.

Therefore, in order to make the plant bloom at home, you must follow these rules of care.

The process of growing adenium from seeds takes place in stages:

Prior to sowing, the seeds are soaked for several hours in warm water, adding a growth stimulator to it. In order for the cultivation of adenium from seeds at home to be successful, you need to properly prepare the soil. The composition of the soil is peat for succulents with a soil ripper, one to one. Coarse sand or perlite, fine charcoal or expanded clay can serve as a ripper. If there is no peat, take coconut fiber.

Before planting adenium seeds in the ground, you need to choose a container, it is better to give preference to small pots with holes or disposable cups. At the bottom we settle drainage from brick chips, small parts of polystyrene foam or charcoal, at the end of the soil.

We plant seeds on top of the soil and press gently into the ground. Covering them with food film or you can use the cut off to cover plastic bottle. Humidification of adenium seeds must be done moderately from the sprayer.

The temperature must be maintained at about 25 degrees, periodically airing your seeds. After the shoots of adenium seedlings, they are placed in a fairly well-lit warm room so that they begin to actively develop. The timing of seedlings may vary depending on the cultivar, but after about a few weeks.

Adenium seedling care

When the seedlings grow a few leaves, they should be transplanted. In adenium, transplanting seedlings after germination during the year should be done about three times, as they grow. Planted adenium from seeds begins to bloom in a couple of years. Caring for seedlings, as well as for all plants.

When to feed adenium seedlings

It is necessary to feed once a month with mineral and organic liquid fertilizers. This must be done during active growth and during flowering. To achieve lush leaves, you need to fertilize with nitrogen at the beginning of spring. The duration of flowering can be extended with the addition of phosphorus or potassium.

Trimming adenium at home

To form the roots of the adenium, the so-called caudex, with each transplant, you need to raise it a little. But not too high above the ground, because it can stop its development because of this.

You can form an adenium at home. In adenium, the formation of a crown is not always the end result, the result you expected. For this you need to be patient. Young individuals simply pinch, and from adult adeniums they form a trunk using pruning.

How to trim adenium

Pruning in adenium is, the larger the diameter of the shoots, the more it is necessary to make the cut area, and this promises a lot of new stems at the place of the cut. Form a crown pruning at the adenium, as you would like to see your plant in your interior.

It should also be borne in mind that if the adenium is cut too low, then the wrong thin stems will grow in the plant. The best period for pruning is the beginning of active growth. New branches appear at the cut site after a month and a half.

In adenium, root pruning is a real art. Correct formation roots will give your plant an exotic look. Root pruning must be done on mature plants.

There are many interesting formations. One of these is when adenium is planted on a round plate, thanks to which the root system grows to the sides like an octopus.

The roots must be fixed in the desired position with sticks or toothpicks.

Diseases and pests of adenium

Adeniums are rarely exposed to diseases, the reason for this may be non-compliance with the conditions for caring for the plant.

Adenium sheds leaves what to do - Most likely, the reason is insufficient lighting. Due to lack of sunlight, adenium leaves turn yellow and fall off. If this happens in winter, try to provide artificial lighting. Also, the cause may be a lack of nitrogen, you should feed fertilizer with the addition of nitrogen.

Adenium leaves curl or leaves do not grow , the reason for the lack of phosphate fertilizer.

Adenium pests are a mealy worm and a spider mite . An insecticidal solution is used as a treatment.

Fulfilling all the instructions, your plant will delight you with its growth and flowering!

At the beginning of January 2014, I sowed 3 seeds of White mini adenium, succumbing to the general aspirations to grow a novelty of 2013 - a white mini. Seed producers demonstrated amazing seedlings - "helicopters", "cabbages" with wide flat leaves. Seeds sprouted, seedlings grew, but were not going to bloom. Without waiting for their flowering after 2 years, I ordered and sowed 3 more pieces in February 2016. 100% germination - all conditions for successful germination were provided.

Adenium White Mini from seeds

In the summer of 2016, my white mini-adenium seedlings looked like this at the age of 2.5 years and 6 months:

The second crop was more lop-sided and large. Seedlings in both 2014 and 2016 sat in pots of the same diameter:

And so, on October 1, 2016, I noticed the beginnings of buds on seedling No. 2. At that time, he was 2 years and 9 months old. The buds grew for almost two months - only on November 25 did the opening begin:

A thin pink border is noticeable only on the buds; when opened, the flower looks pure white:

Unfortunately, the simultaneous opening of all the buds did not work out, the first two fell off fresh on the 5th-6th day. I pulled the plant at a photo shoot, rearranged it in a prominent place ... Getting a white mini-adenium from seeds on the first try is a great joy!

Adenium pleased with flowering for almost a month.

The seeds of white mini-adenium are larger than the seeds of ordinary adenium obese:

And the cotyledons are large, take a long time to unfold:

In the photo above, on the left, there is a bonus mix, and on the right, fat bellies are rising.

In general, I am waiting for the flowering of the remaining five - these three boys and two three-year-olds.

Adenium has the appearance of a bush with a large trunk, which expands to the bottom. The plant belongs to the Kutrov family. The natural habitat is considered to be the green territory of East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.

Adenium is also called the "desert rose". After all, the inflorescences are very similar to rose flowers that grow on a bare stem with thorns.

Botanists number about 50 varieties of a flower, but looking at one or another variety, it is hard to believe that they are representatives of the same species.

Description and photo of indoor plant varieties

somalense


Adenium Somali (Adenium Somalense). The variety is often found in Kenya, Tanzania, and also in southern Somalia. The locality of growth definitely affects the size of the plant. In conditions of minimal humidity, the flower reaches 1.5 meters, and in places where it rains constantly, it grows up to 5 meters.

Adenium with a maximum height was discovered in Somalia. Its trunk was gigantic. For home growing this variety is suitable. It does not require special conditions, it is important to properly organize the rest period. The flower rests in November-December. Foliage is bright green. The size of the leaves is 5-10 cm long and about 2 cm wide. The trunk has a conical shape.

When the Somali adenium becomes more than a year old, it begins to bloom, creating pale pink inflorescences. The flower itself consists of five narrow petals. The plant blooms all year round, in the presence of intense lighting.

Mini

adenium mini size compares favorably with other species.


Benefits of this variety:

• unusual shape of foliage;
• large root system;
• the ability to bloom quickly;
• can easily gain weight;
• abundant branching.

This species is a dwarf succulent tree. intended solely for decorative purposes. Its size does not exceed 17 cm, and the diameter of the inflorescence is 7 cm. At the same time, the plant can bloom all year round. The main color of the inflorescences: pink, red, white. There is a combination of several colors.

Note. Mini are the only adeniums that are planted in a pot with a margin of space. In the summer, they will easily drink all the liquid provided to them.

Terry


Adenium Terry is common in several varieties, for example:

1. Fire Fenghwang.
2. tender feeling.
3. Blush.
4. Flower Mermaid.

The difference between the subspecies lies in the double or triple the number of petals on the corolla of the flower.. The color comes in different shades: from bright red to pale pink. There are petals of white, cream and peach flowers. The size of the flowers is up to 5 cm, but there have been cases - 8 cm in diameter. The structure of the petals is fleshy, dense.

Bonsai


Such plants are distinguished not only by beautiful flowering, but also by the trunk. It can thicken in such a short time, and with it the roots. This species, with proper care, can serve as an excellent decorative tree.

For this you need:

1. use fertilizer with each watering;
2. to choose tall pots- this stimulates the plant to grow rapidly;
3. regularly update the soil, as well as trim dry branches and roots;
4. form the desired crown of the flower.

Dorset Horn


Adenium Dorset Horn - a very rare and unusual variety. AT temperate climate practically does not grow. The plant belongs to the dwarf subspecies. The highlight of this variety is the swirling leaves that resemble a ram's horn. It turned out this form as a result of mutation.

To breed the Dorset Horn variety, breeders crossed two types of adeniums: Thai socotranum and Arabicum. When connecting other types, the desired result cannot be achieved.

Anouk


It is characterized by oblong, elongated leaves.. To the touch they are dense and fleshy. The flower grows up to half a meter in height. Over time, the trunk stiffens and thickens. Inflorescences have a juicy scarlet color. The flowering process comes early, with an abundance of flowers. This species is readily bought up for indoor maintenance.

Adenium Chankajan

Adenium Chankajang is an interestingly shaped miniature tree. Stem grey. The leaves are dense, dark green. Inflorescences are large, lush, mostly tricolor. The petals are wavy, the edges are rounded. At the very base of the flower, the leaves are yellow, the central part is white-pink, and the edge of the petal is deep pink.

Albino


Adeniums have an interesting feature - the appearance of snow-white seedlings. When using the seed propagation method, there is a chance to get chlorophyll-free sprouts.

They are called Adenium Albinos. A similar phenomenon is possible as a result of mutation. The pigment responsible for green color there is no chlorophyll in the seedling. Unfortunately, albinos do not survive. For plants, the lack of chlorophyll means the absence of the process of respiration, as for a person the absence of oxygen.

Socotranum


Adenium Socotrantum (Adenium Socotrantum) - a flower grows on the island of Socotra in Indian Ocean. At home, it does not bloom often, and it is also rarely grown..

This species is the owner of the largest trunk, its size can reach 2.5 meters in diameter. The shape of the trunk is presented in the form of a column with lush branches. Branches grow up to 4 meters in height, and this is not the limit. Distinctive features socotra type:

• there are horizontal marks on the caudex and the trunk;
• dark green leaves 3-4 cm wide and 12-13 cm long.

A white vein passes through the center of the leaf plate. Adenium blooms in pink. Inflorescences 10-12 cm in diameter.

Interesting to know . Adenium Socotrans is the rarest and most expensive species. It is guarded by the authorities, export from the island is strictly prohibited.

obese or fat


or Fat() - evergreen very beautiful tree. Growing area from Senegal to the Arabian Peninsula. This species is quite popular among flower lovers. He is not capricious, grows well and quickly. The branches are dark brown, tapering towards the top.

The leaves are lanceolate in shape, their tips are pointed or obtuse. The surface of the leaves is glossy. In the house, adenium fat grows 50-60 cm up. In their natural habitat, they can stretch up to 3 meters if there is enough moisture. In this case, the trunk will be thick.

Flowers are on average 6-7 cm in diameter. Can be terry or semi-double, monochromatic or multi-colored.

Interesting. The sap of the plant is poisonous. Some African tribes treat arrowheads with this poison before hunting.

Super Star of Tomorrow


Among the various subspecies this plant there is an interesting hybrid Adenium obesum "Super Star of Tomorrow". The variety appeared thanks to selective work in 2010. The appearance is a clear contrast - a white core and dark red edges of the petals. The species reproduces well by seed. - Adenium Black Another original representative

Black


Adenium Black (Adenium Obesum Black) - the flower is not whimsical. Gets along well at home. Popular with flower growers. Blooms early. Suitable for bonsai technique. The foliage has an oval, oblong shape. The ends are slightly pointed. The leaf surface is glossy. The stem is strong, bizarre shape. The color of the inflorescences is dark brown or brown, closer to black, and the middle is bright red.

arabicum


- grows in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. Variety squat, massive. In areas with a dry climate and low rainfall, the plant has the form of a shrub, and where there is a lot of moisture, trees with a thick base and a small number of branches.

The flowers are quite large. Color varied: white, purple, pink. Often the petals consist of several shades at once. To date, breeders have bred many hybrids of Adenium Arabian. Which, in turn, differ from each other in size, base color, and hybrids also have a long flowering period.

Florists have at their disposal a chic variety of species and hybrids of adenium. Each of which, in itself, is a beautiful and unusual plant. They have terry and semi-double textures, plain or variegated colors, different overall dimensions. With all the outward splendor, the flower also easily takes root in the local conditions.

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