Do-it-yourself air washing: detailed manufacturing instructions. Homemade dust air purifier Homemade air filter for home

With insufficient humidity in the room, people feel worse. In such conditions, the throat dries up and the skin integument dries up. Cough and runny nose symptoms begin to appear from drying out of the nasopharynx and lungs, watery and inflamed eyes. All this is a protective reaction of the body to dryness and dust, which is present in large quantities with an insufficient level of moisture.

Urban dust contains many harmful microorganisms, therefore, to maintain health, it is necessary to take measures to eliminate them and ensure a sufficient level of humidity. Dry air also has a negative effect on pets, indoor plants, wooden structures and furniture. It is also harmful to musical instruments: when the wooden components dry out, they can fail.

The winter season marks the start of the inclusion period heating systems. At this time of the year, the cold air of the apartment, being heated to a certain temperature, loses humidity to a critical level.

The norm of relative humidity for residential premises is defined in the range from 40 to 60%. It is necessary to adhere to these limits at any time of the year in order to maintain health. This is especially important if children live in the house: they have not yet fully formed the immune system, therefore, polluted dry air can cause serious diseases.

In apartments with dry air, you need to regularly evaporate a certain amount of water. The best way For this, special devices can be used - air space washers or humidifier . If such devices are not at hand, then you can moisten the house by other methods.

Humidification of the air in folk ways

What is the benefit of a humidifier? It provides an optimal level of humidity in the room. However, it can be done with the other methods listed below. Choose one or two convenient ways. It is not recommended to apply everything at once, because this way you risk making the room damp.

If possible don't close the bathroom door, especially after water procedures. If the door to the bathroom is closed only when bathing, then after that moisture enters the premises of the apartment, increasing the level of humidity. If you often take a bath, then after the procedure do not rush to drain hot water. Let it not stay long: cooling, the water in the bath evaporates and also moisturizes the atmosphere.
Dry laundry and towels indoors. This is also the simplest option that does not need to use any additional funds. Dry things and towels next to (and if the instruction manual allows it, then on them) with heating appliances or systems: they will dry faster and at the same time release a large amount of moisture. At the same time, be careful: there should not be traces of cleaning products on things. Otherwise, you risk inhaling harmful fumes.

Evaporate the water. Any container suitable for boiling, place on the stove. To do this, boil water and place the container on a table or window sill so that the vapors fill the room. There is another way: boil water and, having reduced the fire to a minimum, leave the container on the stove for a long evaporation. You can do this every time you cook to keep the air in your kitchen from getting too dry. It is also recommended to dissolve a few drops of eucalyptus or tea tree oil in water. Their aroma is soothing, and the vapors of these oils destroy various microorganisms and prevent the spread of viral infections, while the pleasant aroma is uplifting and soothing. In addition, water can be flavored with cinnamon sticks and other fragrant herbs or spices. By the way, many people are interested can i add it to a humidifier essential oils. This is acceptable, but after evaporation it is recommended to thoroughly rinse the device.
Place water containers in all rooms. To do this, fill any container with water. You can arrange it beautifully so that it looks more organic in the interior, and leave it near the heaters. The water from the container gradually evaporates and humidifies the room. It is necessary to regularly change the water and rinse the containers so that harmful contaminants do not accumulate in them.
Grow house plants. Houseplants significantly improve the microclimate of the apartment. They perfectly moisturize, ionize, purify and disinfect the atmosphere in the room. The greatest amount of moisture is emitted by nephrolepis (home fern), fatsia, cyperus, sparmania (room linden), ficus, dracaena, hibiscus.

With insufficient humidity, people feel worse: the throat dries up and the skin dries up, a cough and symptoms of a runny nose appear.

Buy aquarium or build small fountain. These decorative components of the premises also emit a sufficient amount of moisture to humidify the premises. In addition, an aquarium and a working fountain calm the nervous system and create a positive atmosphere.
Regularly ventilate the premises and clean them wet. It is necessary to ventilate the apartment 2-3 times a day, even in winter. So you can maintain the optimal degree of humidity in the premises. It is unnecessary to talk about wet cleaning of the apartment - this is a necessary procedure.

Making a sink with your own hands

If there is no desire to use the above methods, then you can make an elementary humidifier and air washer from a polyethylene container and a fan.

Home appliance stores offer a wide range of air washer. However, the cost of these devices is quite high. Connected to wall outlet humidifiers can be done at home without spending a lot of money.

materials

From a polyethylene container for 5-6 liters a simple humidifier is made. You need to prepare the following details:

fan from the computer;
charging the phone (at low cooler speeds, remove the power supply to 12 V);
stationery knife;
felt-tip pen;
moisture-absorbing microfiber cloths.

PET container and fan device

With all the details, proceed to the installation of the device:

On the side of the container with a felt-tip pen mark mounting points cooler.

With a utility knife make a notch for the fan.
Also make marks for slots for humidified air and holes for napkins inserted into the recesses across the container.

Soldering iron on marks burning exits for humid air and openings for napkins. It is better to carry out these actions outdoors, because toxic fumes are released when PET is heated or burnt out.

Fan Attached wire with a hook (loop) at the bottom. The wire is laid in the recesses at the bottom, passed through the fan fasteners and bent. Then the cooler is attached with wire. It is connected to the power supply.

On the sides of the napkins small cuts are made for ventilation between them.

Pour water to the middle of the container and place napkins in it.

The water level in the container should be maintained and liquid added if necessary. It is necessary to change the water every day, as well as rinse the containers and napkins with tap water.

You can make the device without napkins. However, their use increases the amount of evaporated moisture. In addition, the dust will settle on the inserts: in this way, the humidifier will also perform a cleaning function. For a more thorough cleaning of the air space, you should wrap a carbon filter in napkins, which you can purchase at household appliance stores.

Using a similar algorithm, you can make a more beautiful device using a plastic container. for 10 liters. Wherein:

holes for humidified air are made on the sides of the container,
a napkins are passed through metal or plastic guides(wire or knitting needle) or stretched fishing line.
To reduce fan noise, you can lay a porous sponge under it or pick up a cooler with bearings.

When using this device, you must constantly disinfect the water preventing the growth of various microorganisms. Also for this purpose, you can dissolve in it a few crystals of potassium permanganate. For this, a solution with a slight pinkish tint is sufficient.

CD device

For optimal hydration and cleansing, you can also advise humidifier handmade from CDs. The more disks, the wider the surface for the evaporation of liquid. In this case, the device performs the function of a water purifier. A significant percentage of dust settles on the discs and is washed into a tray filled with water.

Essential oils can be added to the humidifier, but after evaporation, it is recommended to rinse the device thoroughly.

The CD set should be from 50 to 80 pieces. It all depends on what container for water you have provided. You must first select the axis on which the disks should be mounted: it can be made of plastic or metal. You can get by with the simplest option - to purchase a stud with a threaded diameter 10 mm. It is also necessary to have a supply of washers (they can be made of plastic), 2 bearings and nuts.

If you have all the materials, you can proceed directly to the installation of the device.

Using a grinding wheel, an abrasive attachment on a drill, or just sandpaper remove the top(iridescent) disk layer so that their surface becomes porous and well wetted with water.
Thread the discs onto the stud, laying washers between them.

Fix them at the ends of the axle with nuts. When using a plastic tube, the discs are fixed with a plastic washer and a glue gun.
Equip the axle at the edges with bearings and fix them with nuts.
One end of the axle install pulley. It can be made from three prefabricated disks. Side discs in diameter should be by 2-3 mm more than average.
On this pulley a belt is threaded from thin rubber.
Before the final assembly of the axle with discs, you need to choose a container, on which this axis will be fixed. Its length must exceed the dimensions of the container so that the bearings remain outside the container and rest on the built-in side brackets.

It is necessary to accurately determine the place on the axis where the pulley will be fixed. It should be located opposite the motor pulley so that the belt does not slip off the pulleys.

For an impromptu wash, you can use a plastic container equipped with a fan from a computer. To be able to change the fan speed, you can use the power supply television antenna with voltage regulator.

Rules for the operation of humidifiers

The humidifier needs to be filled distilled water or tap water, previously cleaned with a water filter to prevent the accumulation of salts. If you are using the device without replacement filters , then they need to be regularly flush. If the filters are replaceable, then they are needed on time change.

Using a humidifier, it is necessary to exclude the risk of legionellosis.

When using a humidifier (except for appliances where steam is released when water boils), it is necessary to exclude the risk of legionellosis. It's spicy viral infection, which in its manifestations coincides with influenza or acute respiratory infections. It causes severe lung damage - pneumonia. It is sometimes referred to as Legionnaires' disease. This pneumonia quickly flows into a complex malignant form. The infection is caused by the Legionella bacterium, which develops in a warm and humid place. The disease occurs:

when people breathe air from a clogged air conditioner (from centralized systems with air ducts in which moisture accumulates);
by inhalation of moisture in public showers;
when people live or work in a room where humidifiers are used that do not clean, forget to change the water in them and do not disinfect;
when inhaling water vapor from an uncleaned fountain, and so on.

Therefore, the water in the device must be changed daily, and the container washed under the tap. In addition, a couple of times a week, the container must be disinfected with appropriate means. After disinfection, it is necessary to additionally wash the container so as not to inhale the vapors of disinfectants during the operation of the device.

Price

Buy an air washer inexpensively You can get it at almost any hardware store. The price of the cheapest options is approximately 1500 rubles. You can also find in hypermarkets or order small ones in online stores. usb appliances , which also differ in low cost ( from 1000 rubles).

The price of more advanced models reaches 17000 rubles. At self-manufacturing the cost of all materials will be approx. 600-1000 rubles.

Conclusion

It must be remembered that excessive humidity of the room ( over 70%) is a health hazard. From waterlogging, mold occurs and signs of allergies appear. Everyone knows the unpleasant atmosphere of dampness. Therefore, you should not overdo it with humidifying the room: keep the balance.

This video shows in detail the entire process of making a do-it-yourself airspace washer:

The air in modern homes can hardly be called clean: it contains a large amount of dust, as well as a variety of toxins emitted by furnishings.

To combat this, air purifiers are designed, different models of which are offered by modern market household appliances. In addition to a ready-made expensive device, you can also make an air purifier with your own hands, saving a significant amount on this.

What kind of cleaners can be made?

Before you start developing a homemade air purifier, you need to determine what level of moisture is contained in the air of the apartment. This indicator should not fall below 30% and at the same time exceed 75%. You can determine the level of this parameter using a conventional psychrometer. If the moisture content in the air mixture of the room does not meet this standard, it is necessary to make not just an air purification device, but a device that, in addition to its main function, will also humidify or dry the air.

Depending on the humidity level of the air mixture, one of two types of cleaners can be made:

for air mixture with high moisture content;
for dry air.

Device for dry environment

To make an air purifier with a low moisture content, you need to prepare the following materials:

a plastic container with a tight-fitting lid;
a low-power fan, which is a good computer cooler;
water, best distilled;
power source for the cooler - it can be ordinary batteries.

First of all, holes are made in the lid of the container to secure the fan. It should be noted that such a design must be fixed as securely as possible, otherwise the fan may fall into the water, which will lead to a short circuit.

To ensure economical energy consumption, such a home-made device can be equipped with a relay that will turn off and start the cleaner at certain, predetermined intervals. When assembling electrical circuit in this case, care must be taken to ensure that the fan is not supplied with a voltage exceeding its nominal value.

Having installed the cover of the home-made device in place, the do-it-yourself device for purifying the air in the room is ready. By turning it on, the air from the room will enter the container, where it will mix with water particles, thus moistening. All harmful microorganisms and dust contained in it absorb water particles. As a result of all this, the air will become not only cleaner, but also humid.

Additionally, the device can also be equipped with a carbon filter by installing it on the fan. In this case, it will be possible to provide even more reliable air purification in the house.

In addition, to heighten the effect, some masters advise putting some kind of silver product on the bottom of the container, which will ensure the purification of water inside the container.

Humid Air Device

The second option is a do-it-yourself air purifier for a too humid environment, when this figure is more than 60%. In this case, additional humidification of the air mixture is not required.

To make such a device, you need to prepare:

plastic container and lid to it;
low power fan;
common salt;
any porous material - gauze, foam rubber, cotton wool or something similar.

Two holes are made in the container on opposite sides at different levels - one for installing the cooler, the other for passing the air mixture. The next step in creating a homemade cleaner is to install a fan on the first hole, and the selected cleaning material on the second. Salt is poured inside the container, which should be slightly lower than the cooler and at the same time completely cover the filter.

The principle of operation of the made device is that the air entering it passes through the salt, on the surface of which harmful substances and excess moisture from the air. At the same time, the pure air mixture will be saturated with salt particles - chloride ions with sodium. Passing through a porous filter, such a mixture will contribute to the destruction of microbes living in the dwelling, thus providing double air purification.

It should be noted that when making such a device, it is recommended to choose a low-power fan. Otherwise, salt crystals will constantly drum on the walls of the plastic container, thus creating unnecessary noise.

Thus, we considered two main options homemade devices, which provide good air purification in the home. Of course, such simple instrument designs that can be easily made with your own hands, even without special skills, literally from improvised means, do not differ. high level efficiency compared to serious factory models.

But if you take into account the difference in the price of the finished device and the total cost of the materials used for a homemade cleaner, any complaints are simply inappropriate.

Human health directly depends on the air that enters the lungs. Chemical elements hover in the atmosphere due to emissions from enterprises, transport and other sources of pollution. To breathe clean air, you can buy an air purifier for your home or make your own.

All cleaners work the same way. They clean the air from fine dust particles. They use a filter through which polluted air passes. After filtering, the fan blows clean air out.

Popular filters:

water,
electrostatic,
coal.

Having two options, buy a device or build it yourself, consider the second of them. It will not work to make a multifunctional cleaner at home, but to build simple model can.

Options for home-made devices

Before designing a purifier, it is worth considering climatic conditions in the room where it will be used. For example, for a room with normal humidity, but a lot of dust, a cleaner is suitable, for the manufacture of which you can take a filter from a car.

Devices for dry rooms

In rooms with dry air, the purifier has the additional task of humidifying. For humans, comfortable humidity is 40-60%.

Even a beginner can build a homemade cleaner. This requires a plastic container and a computer cooler. The scheme of actions will be as follows:

Cut two holes in the plastic container. They are needed for the fan and the outlet of purified air.
Screw the cooler to the lid of the plastic container. Self-tapping screws are suitable for this.
Connect the fan to the power supply. You can use a 5V or 12V unit. The greater the power of the block, the higher the speed will be. The efficiency of the unit depends on this.
Place pieces of microfiber cloth inside the container. You can replace it with any fabric with a high density. To place them inside the cleaner, stretch the fishing line in several rows.
Position the fabric so that it does not touch the sides of the container. This is necessary for the free movement of air to the outlet. As air passes through the purifier, the dust will remain on the damp cloth. To increase the cleaning efficiency, make additional holes on the side walls of the container above the water level to hang the fabric.

Wet room appliances

Rooms with a high level of humidity bring inconvenience to their owners. It is a breeding ground for microbes, fungi and bacteria. High humidity damages property. This is especially true for furniture. To combat this problem, you need a device that will dry the air. Here you need ordinary table salt.

Dry it in the oven before using salt. This will help her to fully fulfill her functions.

Use the same instructions for building an air dryer purifier as you would for a dry room purifier. With the exception of the fan, the power of which should be 5V. Otherwise, the salt will scatter around the container. Change the water to a layer of salt 3-4 cm.

You can increase the efficiency of the purifier by replacing the salt with silica gel. It absorbs moisture better. Silica gel is non-toxic. This substance can be found in shoe boxes.

Use silica gel carefully if there is a child in the house. The baby can be poisoned by the substance.

Silica gel is distributed by Chinese online stores in a variety of packaging. The main advantage is to use a small amount to get the same effect.

Silica gel is dyed Blue colour, which works as an indicator. The substance changes color to pink when the amount of moisture reaches a maximum. Crystals can be reused. To do this, the silica gel is dried in microwave oven within eight minutes. The power of the microwave oven at the time of drying should be minimal.

Apparatus with charcoal filter

In rooms with the smell of cigarette smoke, activated carbon is used as a filter. It removes toxic substances from the air. To make an air purifier with your own hands, follow the algorithm:

Cut the sewer pipe 200 mm to 77 mm. A pipe that is inserted inside with a size of 150 mm should be up to 75 mm. Remove burrs from all cuts.
Point the thick side of the pipe up. Cut off the edging for maximum fit to the cap.
Make as many holes as possible on the inner tube.
Make holes with a diameter of 30 mm on the outer pipe.
Do not throw away waste. They will make spacers.
Cover both pipes with agrofibre. Sew agrofibre to secure. For reliability, use a kapron thread.
Wrap the outer tube with masking net. Sew the mesh using two zip ties.
Sew the entire length of the mesh.
Remove excess mesh and agrofibre with wire cutters and scissors.
Wrap the inner pipe with agrofibre, but first wrap it with a metal mesh.
Secure the edges with metal tape or a blowtorch.
Insert the inner tube into the plug and secure mineral wool or construction foam. Install the pipe exactly in the center. You can take spacers.
Mount the elements of the inner pipe into the outer pipe.
Fill the filter with activated carbon. Any charcoal can be used.
Clean the dust off the charcoal. To do this, you need to sift it through a sieve.

Pour coal so that voids do not form. To fill the filter will need 2 kg activated carbon. To evenly fill the structure, shake it periodically.

Close the charcoal tube with the adapter. The adapter will be a cover for it. Seal the resulting gap with sealant.

When the sealant is completely dry, install a duct fan into the adapter. Insert it so that the air is drawn into the purifier and passes through the device, blowing back into the room. In the house, the filter can be mounted in the supply ventilation duct.

To make an air purifier with your own hands, be guided by the presented devices. You can fill your apartment with clean air, while saving money. It is enough to have at hand primitive Construction Materials and the desire to make the house cleaner.

Unfortunately, the air in our homes cannot be called perfect. Moreover, on the street it is much cleaner, because it is cleaned by the sun and natural ionization, blown by the wind, moistened by rain. Can we create such conditions in our home to purify the air? Airing and vacuuming alone will not be enough: they are not able to destroy dust and decay products: carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia and much more. Of course, there is a way out - to buy such an air purifier device. If we talk about how the air purifier works, then everything is simple. The air in the room passes through the device, and dust, allergens, fluff, tobacco smoke, chemicals settle on its filters. Now manufacturers offer various devices: with a carbon or HEPA filter, plasma, ionizing, photocatalytic and air washing.

Let's just say that the cost of such a device is not low. And besides, deciding which is the best is not so easy. Therefore, if you have skillful hands, we suggest that you create a device with your own hands.

How to do

The proposed air purifier is an air washer, where water acts as a filter, which purifies the air from allergens, dust, and dirt. As a result, the air is not only purified, but also humidified. In addition, water is the cheapest filter.

The air of cities is far from perfect. And do not think that those who have installed an air heating system combined with ventilation in their cottage are safe.

There are only a couple of coarse filters, as well as a primitive humidifier, but today we are going to talk about more powerful devices that can even remove germs from rooms.

If someone in the family is sick, or there is an unpleasant smell in the bathroom, you can try to fix this. It is unlikely that you will be able to make an air purifier with your own hands from scratch, but you can definitely buy a suitable one in a store.

We apologize in advance for talking about the most different devices from the class of household appliances. The fact is that many of them simultaneously carry out air purification.

Look at what exactly should be invested in this concept. See and choose. Perhaps it will be a pity for money for an air purifier, then take a device with combined functions. Let's start with a humidifier of a very original type.

There are two types of vacuum cleaners that can serve as an air purifier:

Vacuum cleaners with aquafilter.
Washing vacuum cleaners.

In fact, the principle of their operation is similar. And, probably, it is not difficult to guess how these devices turn into an air purifier. We have already described the principle of operation of a humidifier with cold evaporation. Vacuum cleaners are not much different, the essence is the same. The air is sucked in, passes through the water in one form or another, and then is thrown out through at least two filters. We can say that it will come out cleaner than from a humidifier and will contain no less water vapor.

The principle of operation of an improvised type air purifier is quite simple. At the entrance to the body of the vacuum cleaner there are several nozzles located around the channel. Each throws out a jet of water washing the incoming stream. AT normal mode it is assumed that there is a lot of dirt and specks, but if you use a vacuum cleaner as an air purifier, then there will be much less foreign inclusions.

You can make an air purifier with your own hands from any vacuum cleaner with an aquafilter. To do this, fill the tank with water. Turn on the appliance and leave it for half an hour with the brush hanging in the air. So the vacuum cleaner for cleaning the apartment turns into a hybrid household appliances- air purifier + humidifier. There are two drawbacks to this approach:

Vacuum cleaners are very noisy. A typical air purifier operates at 53 dB (on maximum power), while the vacuum cleaner covers, and significantly, this figure.
The power consumption will leave much to be desired, since the vacuum cleaner is not directly designed to clean the air.

In this case, the quality of cleaning will undoubtedly be better than in the case of the humidifier described above. The fact is that many vacuum cleaners have HEPA filters installed at the outlet. This ensures that the stream is free of particles of the order of several microns in an amount of more than 99%. However, specialized air purifiers operate quietly, consume little energy and are able to free the room even from pathogenic bacteria.

Anyone who believes that specialized air purifiers are not much different from a special type of kitchen hood (which does not have an air duct) is greatly mistaken. Purpose difference. The kitchen hood is designed to filter fats and odors, as well as soot. It does not care about dust and pathogenic bacteria, although large particles will certainly remain inside.

Therefore, take note: a kitchen hood can serve as a primitive air purifier. But only those models that work on the principle of recirculation (that is, they throw air back into the kitchen). We have already mentioned that such devices get rid of soot, grease and odor.

What exactly will settle inside depends on the type of filter installed. A kitchen hood air purifier device is possible, but will not be very effective.

We have already given quite a lot of arguments that should make it clear that a specialized device is needed to perform the procedure. And he exists. Most of all, an air purifier resembles a blower. But the heating of the passing stream does not occur, perhaps just a little.

There are two sets of slots on the opposite sidewalls of the housing, input and output. The fan located inside actively throws air out, so the flow comes in from the opposite side.

Filters do the cleaning, and there are usually several modifications. The first step is quite rough, retains dust, pollen, hair, animal hair. Periodically it is necessary to change this element, and it does not deserve special attention. Much more interesting is what is located further deep into the air purifier.

Many commercials describe it in general terms. Like moisturizing and deodorizing filters. The first is saturating the air with water vapor, the second cleans the flow of odors. Next comes another step that actively fights bacteria.

Such an air purifier may include green tea extract, hypoallergenic and bactericidal components. It is believed that not only particles larger than 0.1 microns remain inside, but also pathogenic bacteria.

To produce a simple cleaning device with a carbon filter, you will need to stock up:

a miniature fan operating at a voltage of 12 V;
Kron battery and terminal for it;
a plastic box, the size of which will allow you to install a fan inside it;
charcoal filter.

The box will serve as the body. The fan is necessary for the circulation of the cleaned air mass, the battery is required to power the cooler. This means that holes must be made on the case for connecting the battery and to ensure free air supply to the carbon filter, the flow of which will be stimulated by the fan.

With a marker on a plastic box, we mark the lines of future cuts for the inlet and outlet of purified air on the lid and bottom, for connecting the power supply in the center of the bottom edge.

Carefully saw through the holes along the marked lines.

The battery will be connected to the fan with a terminal. It is better to increase the reliability of the contact with solder.

The terminal must be glued to the fan, and then check the performance of the created “node”.

So the homemade air purifier is ready, the assembly of which took a minimum of time, no special money and effort was spent.

How to make a humidifier purifier

The principle of construction is similar. Only a more voluminous container is required, in which the hole will need to be made only for the fan and for the power source. It is also necessary to cut holes for the bolts, with the help of which the fan must be fixed in the area of \u200b\u200bthe upper plane of the home-made device.

The bottom of the purifier will fill with water. Instead of a battery, you can use a 12-volt power supply, which will allow you to connect the device to a fixed network. If the water in the cleaning device is enriched with sea salt, the air in the room will also be ionized, saturated with useful molecules.

Focusing on the technical developments already introduced into production, it is quite possible to make any device with your own hands. Super challenging in homemade appliances nothing to clean the air. Everything is based on the competent application of the laws of physics, diligence, hard work and the ability to use tools.