The speech of the child is formed during preschool age. You have to follow her early age so that by the first grade the correct pronunciation of letters is fully fixed in the child. But it happens that children of school age have impure speech.

Reasons why a child may not pronounce letters

Wrong pronunciation of letters can be explained by wrong education. If parents, communicating with their child, change their voice, lisp or babble, then the baby gets used to such communication and the incorrect pronunciation of letters is fixed in him.

Therefore, you need to speak with the child in the right and clear language. Immediately stop the slightest flaws in your baby's speech, because with age it will be several times more difficult to correct them.

Wrong attitude to colloquial speech. There is an opinion that the learning of colloquial speech occurs without the intervention of adults. But if the parents do not participate in the process of the formation of the child's speech, then over time the baby will lag behind in speech development.

Teaching a child to pronounce sounds

There are many different techniques for the correct formulation of the speech of the baby. But many parents do not know how to teach a child to pronounce letters at home, and therefore immediately turn to speech therapists for help. Although often this problem can be solved at home. It is only necessary to correctly approach the organization of classes. Parents should remember that you can not overload the baby, the duration of each lesson should not exceed 15 minutes. If the child shows reluctance to study, postpone classes for a while. By forcing the baby to pronounce letters by force, you can forever discourage him from speaking correctly, and indeed learning in general.

Before each lesson, it is necessary to seat the child, making sure that he sits straight. All distracting objects are removed, the TV is turned off. An excellent option would be classes in front of a mirror so that the child sees not only the articulation of the adult sitting in front of him, but also his own.

Exercises for pronunciation of sounds

Initially, it is recommended to prepare cards on which animals and objects will be depicted, at the beginning, middle or end of which there are problematic letters. It is necessary to observe whether the pronunciation of a complex letter always turns out to be problematic, or in some positions.

• "Rails" (when the language must "ride" along inside upper teeth).
• “Silence” (repeat the sound “t-sss” several times, stretching the letter “C”).

As a fixing of the letter, you need to choose pictures or words where the letter “C” is present: sleigh, sieve, belt, sun, light. You can use sentences: Sasha sows seeds or poems:

"It's dark in the forest,

Everyone has been sleeping for a long time.

One owl does not sleep

She sits on a bitch."

2. Letter "Z" is a colleague of "C", only voiced. Therefore, in order to teach a child to pronounce the letter “Z”, you need to pronounce “s” only by raising your voice. Show the baby, by bringing your hand to his neck, how the muscles tense up, saying ringing sounds. We fix the letter with the words: hare, beast, tooth, star, as well as sentences: A bunny in winter is like a small animal.

3. The letter "C" can be mastered by resorting to the Silence exercise, only you need to pronounce not “t-sss”, but “ts-ts-ts”. We fix with the words: heron, chicken, chain, pizza, and sentences: What color is the bird?

4. Pronounce the letter "Sh" you can use a small trick: ask the child to pronounce the letter “c”, and with a spoon, lift the baby’s tongue to the sky. Get the sound "sh". The letter is fixed with the words: awl, whisper, ears, noise; sentences: Our Masha rustles; as well as verses:

"Dear bear,
nice bear,
All plush
Our bear is sewn.

5. The same trick can be done with the letters "z" and "g". Pin the letter "J" you need the words: beetle, hedgehog, toad. And also with suggestions: Zhanna is expecting a book.

6. To master the letter "Ch", ask the baby to say "t-t-t", while pressing the baby's cheeks with your fingers. Then you will hear the coveted "h". And to fix the letter, ask the baby to say the words: tea, turtle, daughter, ball; Suggestions: Clean the siskin bath.

7. The most common problem for parents is the problem of the letters "R" and "L". tricks and exercises to solve this problem are aimed at teaching the child to growl without swallowing complex letters and without replacing the complex "r" with an easier "l":

"Horse" - together with the child, depict the clatter and clatter of the horse's hooves.

“Toothbrush” - ask your baby to smile widely. Then you need to run your tongue along the inner surface of the upper teeth. Make sure that the child's lower jaw remains motionless.

"Teaser" - the child is invited to tease. To do this, a relaxed tongue protrudes and dangles up and down. Accompanied by a teaser growl.

Special attention in teaching the letters "P" or "L" is given to tongue twisters:

• Grek rode across the river, he sees Grek: there is cancer in the river.
• There is grass in the yard, firewood on the grass: one, two, three, there is firewood.
• The brave man ate thirty-three pies, and all of them with cottage cheese.
• You can't repeat all the tongue twisters.

Secrets to quickly teach a child to pronounce letters

In addition to direct training with the speech muscles of the child and exercises for teaching a complex letter, it is necessary to pay attention to the development fine motor skills. Together with your child, sort through the cereals, string the beads on a string, sculpt from plasticine or dough. And most importantly: while working, do not be silent. Tell your child stories, nursery rhymes or tongue twisters.

Another secret is to teach the child to repeat the letter "D" often. By pronouncing this magic letter, the muscles of the tongue are trained, it is correctly positioned in the mouth, and with constant training, the child will learn to pronounce compound letter"R".

When should parents "sound the alarm" and contact a speech therapist?

If a child cannot master the pronunciation of sounds for a long time, it is necessary to seek help from a speech therapist. Since there are cases when the inability to pronounce certain letters is explained by the physiological characteristics of the child. So, an incorrect bite can cause burr or lisp. In such situations, the doctor may prescribe special exercises or surgery, depending on the causes of speech difficulties. Also, a speech therapist as a professional can find other causes of poor pronunciation and work with them on a more serious level than parents.

We teach the child to pronounce the problematic sounds l, r, w, w, k without a speech therapist. Setting the sound "p" in 15 seconds. Free lessons and the rules of their organization at home with mom. Logopedic gymnastics.

A clear, beautiful and diverse speech of a child is a natural desire of any mother. Do not panic if by the age of 3.5 the baby does not speak all the letters. But problems with the pronunciation of sounds in the age range of 4-5 years are a reason to think about the presence of defects.
Incorrect pronunciation of the letter "l" - the most common problem in children's speech. Very often, kids try to replace a hard sound with a soft one, or insert a “v” sound into a word. Rarely seen replacement solid sound"l" to "y", as well as its pass.
This process can be caused by a number of reasons:

• Imitation of incorrect speech of an adult environment
• Problems with the speech apparatus
• Congenital or acquired hearing impairments
• Psychologically difficult atmosphere in the family

Before you panic and "drag" children to a speech therapist and psychologist, you should try to cope with this complexity on your own.

Remember! Each preschooler has an individual pace of development and assimilation of information. In most cases, boys are slightly behind girls.

Is it so difficult to teach a child to pronounce sounds on their own?

Organizing home speech therapy classes to set the correct pronunciation on your own is quite simple. The most important condition that must be followed is to conduct them in the form of a game. The kid should be interested. In no case should he be pressured, otherwise interest in the lessons will simply disappear.
Children need to be given information in a dosed manner. It is better to start with 4-5 sessions per week for 10-15 minutes, gradually increasing the frequency and amount of exercises.
How to teach a child to pronounce sounds in front of a mirror? The baby must see what is happening with his mouth, how his lips behave and at the same time follow his mother. It is recommended to arrange a fairly comfortable place and hang a mirror so that the son or daughter can see his reflection freely, in a sitting position.

Important! Praise the child for every, even minor success, it is necessary!

Any lesson in orthoepy (correct literary pronunciation) you need to start with a warm-up of the speech apparatus, i.e., articulatory gymnastics.
The simplest and most effective of them:

• "smile". We ask the baby to smile as widely as possible, but you do not need to show your teeth. Hold the lips in this position at the expense of 5
• "pipe". The kid stretches his lips forward with a tube and holds in this position at the expense of 5
• "fence". The child smiles and shows the upper and lower row of teeth. Duration - on account 5
• "behemoth". Open your mouth wide, as when yawning, and hold it for up to 5 seconds
• "snake". Stick out and hide the sharp tongue between tightly compressed lips. Repeat 5-7 times
• "shovel". A wide, maximally relaxed tongue, put on the lower lip and hold for up to 3 seconds. Two repetitions in a row
• "hours". We stick out the tongue and move it left and right for 3 seconds
• "swing". The mouth is wide open, the tongue moves up and down. The duration of the exercise is 3-5 seconds
• "brushing teeth" The mouth is wide open and we draw the tongue along the inner surface of the upper, and then the lower teeth, from left to right and vice versa

The duration of the warm-up is usually 10 minutes and helps to train and at the same time relax the speaking muscles of the face. Sometimes, the methodical repetition of such classes for a month eliminates many of the child's problems with pronunciation and deprives the primary speech defects forever. After such a charge, it is worth starting to stage this or that sound.

K is a horse. We pronounce the letter "k" with the child

Cappacism - this name is a violation of the pronunciation of the sounds "k", "k´". This is a back language group of sounds. When played, it suggests a high rise of the root of the tongue. The “fun wrestler” exercise will help train him. The child opens his mouth and tries to push out the index finger of an adult with the tip of his tongue, while pronouncing ta-ta-ta. How more resistance will test the tongue, the faster it will become a slide at the base. This will automatically result in the transformation of "t" into "k". Of course, the hands of an adult must first be washed and treated with alcohol. The exercise must be performed gradually, starting with low pressure, to avoid a gag reflex.

L - lama. Teaching a child to pronounce the letter "l"

The correct pronunciation of the sound "l" is one of the simplest speech therapy tasks. The place of registration of this sound is at the tip of the tongue in the position “behind the upper teeth”.
In order to put it, you need to place the tongue between the front teeth and lightly pinch. Then pronounce lingering “s-s-s” with a sharp pull of the tongue back. To consolidate the effect, you need to try to combine the resulting sound "l" with the vowels "a", "o", "e", etc. That's all!

Sh - scarf. We teach the child to pronounce the letter "sh"

The opening of the sound "sh" at home occurs through the strengthening of the muscles of the lips. Not every preschooler can do this at first. First you need to perform the “tube” and “smile” exercises from the warm-up complex with a crumb. You need to start with a pace on the count of three, gradually increasing the speed of alternately changing the position of the lips. You can connect other ways to train the labial muscles.
The next step is to establish the correct position of the tongue near the upper palate. To do this, you can invite the child to imitate the sound of a horse's hooves. Next - to show how the wind blows on a dandelion. All positions from the complex are recommended to be performed sequentially, for 3-5 seconds each.
The pronunciation is fixed through the fixation of a flat, relaxed tongue near the palate with its simultaneous reproduction.
Sometimes the method of physical influence, which experienced speech therapists like to use, helps. With a simple wooden stick, the child is helped to hold the tongue against the palate. At the same time, he is asked to forcefully blow the air out of his mouth. The sound "sh" is produced automatically.

J is a giraffe. We teach the child to pronounce the voiced letter "g"

The mechanism for opening the sound “zh” in a child occurs approximately according to the same principle as “sh”, but loudly. The correct position of the speech apparatus in this case: a relaxed tongue is at the top with a bucket, the teeth are in the fence position, the lips are forward, the larynx is tense. We're trying to get the right sound.

R - frame. Difficult mission, but real! Learning how to pronounce the letter "r"

As a rule, speech therapists put this sound last, because it is quite difficult to pronounce. The main task is to rid the child of the habit of reproducing the letter with his throat in order to avoid the "burry" effect.
AT game form the baby is invited to stick the tongue to the palate and ask to forcefully exhale air at its tip for 10 seconds. Children repeat this exercise with pleasure, because it tickles so funny in the mouth. To consolidate the skill of correctly pronouncing the letter p, the baby can be offered to roar like a lion. If you repeat this game often enough, after a while you can forget about the problem of burr forever.

The best exercises for children - pronounce letters together: video

Has it happened that the child does not pronounce the letters? The video will clearly help with this.

Growing up, our children are increasingly replenishing their vocabulary. The need to talk is growing with each passing day. Unfortunately, most kids have problems with the pronunciation of individual sounds. Is it possible to teach a baby to pronounce sounds correctly at home, or will a speech therapist need help to eliminate speech defects?

What causes mispronunciation?

The most common mistake adults make when communicating with their child is imitating his speech. We lisp with a little man, often distorting the words. It turns out that our speech descends to the level of a baby. Instead of talking to young children as best as possible, pronouncing all the sounds and letters clearly, we deliberately make our speech obscure.

Since the child does not hear the correct speech from you, he will not be able to remember and repeat it. Therefore, in order for the baby to learn to speak correctly, your speech must be clear and legible.

The reason for the incorrect reproduction of individual sounds may be a feature of the structure of the speech apparatus

• The ligament under the tongue is shorter than it should be, making it difficult for it to move.
• Normal speech is hindered by the size of the tongue (too small or, on the contrary, large).
• Very thin or, on the contrary, plump lips, which makes their articulation difficult.
• Deviations in the structure of the teeth or jaw.
• A defect in the hearing aid that does not allow you to hear some sounds, and, therefore, to pronounce them correctly.

Some speech defects can be easily corrected by parents. The baby experiences the main difficulties when pronouncing hissing sounds - Zh, Ch, Sh, Shch, the letters P, as well as Z, G, K, L, S and C.

How to help your child pronounce hissing sounds?

Teaching a baby to pronounce the letters Zh, Ch, Sh, and Sh is a little easier than, for example, the letter R. Most often, children have a problem with the pronunciation of hissing Zh and Sh. At the same time, the sound Ш still does not hurt the ear as much as the incorrectly pronounced Zh .

Usually the problem with hissing occurs due to the fact that the baby is unable to relax the tongue and stretch it so that the edges touch the upper side teeth.

Therefore, the baby must be taught a few simple exercises.

1. Let's relax the tongue . Put the tongue on the lower teeth, like a pancake, and tap on it with the upper ones, while saying “Ta-ta-ta”. After that, the tongue should lie down relaxed. Then you need to slap it with your upper lip and say "Pa-pa-pa."
2. Lifting the tip of the tongue up . To complete the task, you need a chewing candy or gum (it will be a good motivation for the baby). It is necessary that he opens his mouth 2-3 cm, spread the tongue over the lower lip, sticking out its tip. Put a piece of candy on it and ask the child to stick it to the sky behind the upper teeth. Make sure that the baby only uses the tongue, and does not use the jaw.
3. Blowing air through the middle of the tongue . Place a small piece of cotton on the table. Let the baby smile and position the tongue as in the previous task. The task of the baby is to blow off the fleece to the other end of the table without puffing out the cheeks. At the same time, he must pronounce a semblance of the letter F.
4. Blowing cotton from the nose . The child opens his mouth, lays the tongue so that a groove is formed in the middle of it, and the edges almost converge. We put a piece of cotton wool on the nose, the Kid should take a deep breath in through the nose and exhale sharply through the mouth. At the same time, cotton wool should fly up.
5. We pronounce the sounds Zh and Sh . Ask the baby to pronounce the syllable SA, the tongue should be behind the teeth at this time. Then you need to move the tongue deeper into the mouth. As we move towards the alveoli, the sound from C turns into Sh. To get the sound Zh, we repeat the exercises, first pronouncing the syllable ZA.
6. More words with F and W . Remember or come up with rhymes or tongue twisters, where the letters Zh and Sh are often found in words. Repeat them with the baby several times.
7. Pronounce the letter H . If the baby has an increased tone of the tongue, at first it will be more difficult for him to cope with the exercise. The sound CH consists of TH and SC. First, the tongue should hit the alveoli, pronouncing TH, and then relax, passing the sound SC through the crack. These two sounds, at first slowly and then faster, should merge into one H. After several trainings, the baby will succeed !

Practice your pronunciation with different little rhymes. For example:

• There were jackdaws visiting wolf cubs,
• There were wolf cubs visiting the jackdaws,
• Now the cubs are clamoring like jackdaws,
• And like wolf cubs, jackdaws are silent.

Learning to pronounce the letter R

The baby begins to pronounce the letter R well only by the age of 5-6 years. If your baby has not yet reached this age, do not panic ahead of time.

There are usually some problems associated with the letter R.

• The little man does not pronounce the growling sound at all , he just falls out of his word. This happens when the letter R is located between vowels. For example, the garage sounds like "ha - already."
• The kid replaces the sound P with L, S or Y . It turns out instead of a rose - "vine", red - "red", forty - "soyok".
• The kid pronounces the sound R, but not the way it should sound in Russian . It either vibrates, like the English, or grasses, which is typical for the French.

You can correct the shortcomings in the pronunciation of the letter P by doing some exercises. And it is better to perform them while sitting and keeping your back straight. In this case, the child should see himself in the mirror.

So he can track how well he is doing the task.

• Sail . The child needs to open his mouth wide, and lift the tip of the tongue by the upper teeth. The lower part of the tongue is slightly bent forward, and the edges are pressed up to the molars. Repeat this 3 times in a row for 10 seconds.
• horse . It is necessary to firmly press the tongue to the palate, and then abruptly release it. This will produce a sound reminiscent of the clatter of hooves. Repeat the task at least 10-15 times.
• Turkey . Depict an angry turkey with a crumb. The child should throw the tongue out of the mouth, sticking it between the teeth. In this case, you need to pronounce sounds similar to “bl-bl”. The task is performed at a slow pace, gradually accelerating it.
• Let's bite the tongue . Stick the end of the tongue out, and stretch the mouth in a smile. Then slowly bite your tongue with your teeth.
• We clean our teeth . The baby needs to smile broadly and move the tip of the tongue along the inner wall of the upper teeth, without moving the lower jaw.
• Who is longer. Invite the baby to compare who has a longer tongue. Will he be able to reach his chin or the tip of his nose with it.
• Woodpecker . You need to open your mouth wide and tap your tongue hard on the inside of the gums near the upper teeth. At this time, you need to say "d-d-d."

So that the child does not get tired of numerous exercises, take breaks by inviting him to roar like a lion. To consolidate the emerging successes, you can additionally learn tongue twisters and words with the baby that contain the letter R.

We pronounce the letters Z, C and C correctly

When a child does not pronounce the letter C, at the same time he cannot pronounce the other whistling letters and syllables - З, Ц, Зб, СЬ. The reason for this is an underdeveloped articulatory apparatus.

Special exercises will also help to correct the situation.

1. Get the ball into the goal . The purpose of this task is to learn how to release a long directed stream of air. Make a gate out of cubes or other toys on the table. Roll up a loose cotton ball. The kid should, having folded his lips with a tube, blow on the ball and drive it into the gate. When performing the exercise, you can not puff out your cheeks, and the blown air should go in one long stream, without interruptions.
2. Tongue song . Opening the mouth, it is necessary to place the tongue on the lower lip. Then you need to spank with sponges - "pya-pya-pya" (the tongue sings). At the same time, the air comes out in a smooth stream, without interruption. Then, with your mouth wide open, hold the soft tongue on the lower lip so that it does not tuck. It is necessary that the edges of the tongue touch the corners of the mouth.
3. pancake . It is important to teach the baby to relax the tongue. To do this, he must smile, put the front edge of the tongue on the lower lip. The smile should not be tense, and the tongue should only hang slightly from the sponge.
4. We clean our teeth . The exercise is similar to the task for the letter P, only we will clean not the upper, but the lower teeth.

The letter Z is a pair for the letter C, so they are staging it in the same way as the sound C.

The sound Ts consists of two sounds - T and C, which quickly move from one to the other. It is important to teach the baby to separate one sound from another. Ask the baby to say first a long sound “shhh”, and then short “shhh, shhh, shhh”. As a result, the baby will get the sound C.

What about K and G?

The sounds K, G and X are posterior lingual, which implies a high rise of the tongue during their pronunciation. When a child does not pronounce these letters, most often his tongue is simply lazy (with the exception of congenital pathologies that only doctors can correct). To make the tongue work, you need to do exercises.

Rolling down the hill . Place a cotton ball on your baby's palm. The kid should slightly open his mouth, and hold the root of the tongue in an elevated position, and lower its tip. Then you need to quickly exhale so as to blow off the cotton wool from the palm of your hand. Get a K sound.

spoon . Ask your child to slowly say “ta-ta-ta”. Take a teaspoon and carefully move your tongue away by pressing on the front of its back. Instead of “ta”, the crumbs will first get “cha”, and then “kya”. Continuing to put pressure on the tongue, catch the moment when the baby gets a clean “ka”. He needs to remember what position his tongue was in at that moment. Don't worry if it doesn't work right away.

Regardless of which letter pronunciation exercises you do with your baby, repeat with him as many words, rhymes or songs with this letter as possible after class.

Difficulties in mastering the sonar sounds "r" and "r'" are often found in preschool children. Along with reading and writing, many parents really want their child to learn how to pronounce this letter correctly before school. Learning to pronounce the letter P without a speech therapist will help special classes on the correct sound pronunciation.

Pronunciation difficulties: why the child does not pronounce "R"

In speech development, the sound "p" is considered one of the most difficult to pronounce, so speech therapists allocate a large time period for its study. So, a two-year-old child cannot yet speak the letter P clearly and clearly. But by the age of 5-6, it is time for productive results in sound pronunciation.

In what case is the pronunciation of R considered incorrect:

• When voicing the word “r”, it falls out of pronunciation (caravan - “ka_avan”);
• In words with the letter “r”, the child changes / swallows the ending;
• The kid in his speech replaces “r” in words with simpler sounds “s”, “l” or “th” (rainbow - “laduga”, tree - “deyevo”, etc.);
• The sound "p" the child pronounces with vibration or guttural, in the French manner.

Note! Incorrect pronunciation is permissible as the child's articular apparatus prepares for mastering the sounds of speech. But when 1.5-2 years of training do not lead to an improvement in speech, there is reason to be wary.

Video assistant: learning to say the sound “R” beautifully:

Body Factors Affecting Difficulty in Pronouncing R

The difficulty of pronouncing the sound “r” can be due to many reasons, including physiological ones, which cannot be ignored.

• Tongue frenulum

An undeveloped frenulum can impede the formation of speech, including interfering with the correct pronunciation of sounds. The child simply cannot reach the upper palate with his tongue and reproduce the sound. The degree of underdevelopment of the frenulum is determined by the speech therapist, he also decides on the need for its correction.

On a note! The frenulum can be developed with the help of speech gymnastics exercises, in extreme cases, surgical intervention is used.

• Sedentary speech apparatus

Weak mobility of the face and organs of speech can be the cause of poor speech quality in a child. His training is necessary to strengthen the facial muscles. Active movements of the mouth (big smile, lips with a tube, etc.), grimaces contribute to the preparation of the articular apparatus for the correct pronunciation of sounds. The better the speech organs are developed, the clearer the speech will be in the baby.

• Incorrect phonemic perception

With this violation, the child incorrectly interprets the word he hears (pipe - “here”, pajamas - “bizyama”, etc.). Mispronounced sounds may seem funny to adults, but by repeating them over and over again, the child runs the risk of distorting them with increasing regularity.

• Disturbed breathing

If air leaks while breathing in the wrong direction, the sounds may not be pronounced correctly by the child. This is especially noticeable in preschoolers, when R is pronounced “on the nose”. The cause (in addition to nasal congestion from a runny nose) may be enlarged adenoids, poor lung performance, problems with the cardiovascular system. In this case, speech breathing is corrected under the supervision of a doctor with the help of exercises that alternate physical and speech load.

Do you need help from a speech pathologist?

It is quite possible to teach your child to pronounce the sound R correctly on their own. But the initial consultation of a speech therapist will not be superfluous. The specialist will help to correctly determine the cause of pronunciation difficulties, as well as offer the best options for the formation of clear and intelligible speech.

How a speech therapist can help a child:

• determine the specific cause of the child's speech disorder;
• study the symptoms and structure of speech disorders;
• will make an individual system of corrective influence on the speech apparatus.

The first visit to a speech therapist usually occurs at the age of 2-3 years, it is provided for in a planned examination before going to Kindergarten. Almost always, in conjunction with a consultation with a speech therapist, a neuropathologist examines the child to exclude violations in the development of the brain (dysarthria, dyslalia, bradilalia, etc.).

Learning to say "R": speech gymnastics

Many parents are wondering how to quickly teach a child to say the letter R. At home, you can develop a speech apparatus using simple exercises. At the initial stage of work, speech gymnastics is used. It is she who, in conjunction with the phased production of sounds, will make the baby’s speech clearer.

Speech gymnastics is divided into three groups, each of which is important for the formation of the correct sound pronunciation. Here are a few examples of each type of gymnastics that can be used for difficulties in pronouncing the letter "P".

Breathing exercises

"Birthday". Try to imagine that you have a birthday cake with candles in front of you. Show your parents how you will blow out the candles. Get some air to blow it all out at once. And then try to blow on one of them.

"Snowflake Flight". Put a piece of fluffy cotton wool on your palm and imagine that it is a snowflake. Try blowing it off your hand. It turns out? Try to blow off two pieces at the same time. Inhalation should be through the nose, and exhalation should be smooth, long through the mouth.

Lip exercises

"Fence". Crush your teeth hard. Now open your lips (not your mouth!) and show your white picket fence. Hide it back. Repeat the exercise 5-7 times.

"Proboscis". Try to show what kind of proboscis the elephant has. To do this, stretch your lips forward as much as possible. What a trunk!

"Frog". Stretch your lips in a smile, show how wide the frog's mouth is.

Language exercises

"Needle". A sharp needle can be shown with the tongue. Open your mouth and stretch your narrow tongue forward.

"Horse". Try to show how the horse clicks. Open your mouth, lift and press your tongue to the palate, click it.

"Jam". Imagine that you have sweet jam on your lips. Open your mouth, try to lick your upper and lower lip with your tongue.

"Swing". Open your mouth, make a sharp tongue. Stretch the tongue first high to the nose, then lower it low to the chin. Repeat the exercise in the same sequence: up / down until the tongue gets tired.

We do “Drummer” and other useful exercises, as shown in the video:

Exercises for stretching the frenulum of the tongue

With a short frenulum of the tongue, speech therapists first of all recommend stretching it with massage and articulation exercises. They can be performed in a playful way, and with the proper approach, the bridle will cease to be an obstacle in the pronunciation of the sound “r”. It should be noted that the conservative method of lengthening the frenulum is effective in children under the age of 5 years.

• Reaching for the nose

Reaching the tip of the nose is not a task for everyone, but you can hold a competition to see who can reach the strongest. The tip of the tongue should be pulled up as much as possible. Repeat the exercise 5-7 times a day.

• like a kitten

Has the child seen how kittens lap up milk? Invite your child to try lapping something like a domestic cat. For example, condensed milk on a plate. This is an excellent action for stretching the frenulum.

• Light massage

Massage of the hyoid frenulum in order to stretch it is carried out by an adult. This simple procedure can be carried out at home, after the speech therapist demonstrates the method of stretching the frenulum with a massage. The child opens his mouth and lifts the tip of his tongue up. With clean fingers (thumb and forefinger), the adult gently takes the bridle under the tongue and makes massaging movements. It is permissible to slightly pull the bridle up. Massage to do 2 times a day for 3 minutes.

Consolidation of the sound "P" in the child's speech

Teaching correct pronunciation at home should be done daily for 3-5 repetitions. Babies under 4-5 years old need to show the exercises by example. The child must clearly understand what is required of him and what the result should look like. Children after 5 years old can do some exercises in front of a mirror - according to speech therapists, this is how automation of the “r” sound works best.

• Say the syllables

ra-ra-ra-ra	ra-ro-ro-ro
ro-ro-ro-ro	roo-ry-ra-ro
ry-ry-ry-ry	ry-ra-ro-ru
ru-ru-ru-ru	ro-ro-ra-ry

• Clean tongues

RA-RA-RA (2 times) - I was with the guys yesterday.

Ro-ro-ro (2 times) - lost a rooster feather.

RU-RU-RU (2 times) - the hare hid in a hole.

RE-RE-RE (2 times) - we play in the yard.

UR-UR-UR (2 times) - with Katya we caught chickens.

• Repeat sentences

- The cow has horns.

- Vera and Roma are playing hide and seek.

The tourists lit a fire.

Fedor is chopping wood with an axe.

Ira has red mittens.

The driver will check the engine.

• repeat tongue twisters

– Large grapes grow on Mount Ararat.

- A mouse has a crust in its hole.

Three trumpeters were blowing their trumpets.

“After the dew roses grew.

- In the darkness, crayfish make noise in a fight.

• repeat nursery rhymes

Rowan grew by the river,

And the river flowed - rippled.

middle depth,

There was a fish walking around.

This fish is the fish king,

It's called "minnow".

There is a hill in the yard

Under the hill is a mink.

There is a mole in this mink

Guards the mink.

Yegor walked through the yard,

He carried an ax to mend the fence.

You can also teach the pronunciation of "r" at home with the help of children's literature. For the exercise you will need books with illustrations. Ask the child to name the pictured object, the name of which contains the letter P. These can be: chamomile, cancer, shirt, rocket, robot, drum, brand, steam locomotive, pipe, map, pyramid, etc.

We teach a child to say the sound "R" at home - what to take note of

Exercises for classes with a child are very simple, but, nevertheless, at first they can be difficult. If you decide to study on your own, be patient and persevere in the process of mastering the pronunciation of the letter R. Remember - even small but regular speech training can bring results.

Here are a few useful tips on the process of teaching sound pronunciation:

• in order not to lose the child's interest in the exercises, practice several sounds in sequence. From simple tasks, move on to more complex ones, sequentially. If one of the tasks is difficult for a child from time to time, offer an alternative;
• use a variety of material to automate and reinforce sound in speech. Alternate in the classroom tongue twisters, poems, pictures with objects, sets of words that contain the sound being worked out;
• for a progressive result, a positive emotional state of the child is important. If the baby is not in the mood to do it for some reason, then do the exercises a little later;
• delivered sounds require constant consolidation in speech. Therefore, it is important to be systematic in conducting classes. Make time for the “problem” sound for at least 20 minutes daily.

Marina Prozherina
How to teach a child to pronounce sounds correctly. Consultation of a speech therapist

First of all, it should be clarified which sounds your child can't pronounce. Consider sounds, which are most often violated in sound pronunciation.

Alone sounds"live" on the lower floor, this means that the language at their pronunciation located behind the lower teeth. Other sounds"live" on the upper floor, the position of the tongue is behind the upper teeth.

At the lower teeth are formed sounds: C - CSH, Z - ZB, C - this is a group of whistlers sounds. The head of their family is sound C. Articulation style (tongue position) with them almost the same pronunciation. So if the child is unclean pronounces C, then suffer and Z sounds, C.

If the child is ill makes sounds, formed near the lower teeth, most likely the child does not have lateral edges and the tip of the tongue, or the tongue is excessively tense. To work out clean sound pronunciation a specialized complex for whistling is needed sounds.

A complex of articulatory gymnastics for whistlers sounds

BIT THE LANGUAGE

Smile, open your mouth and bite your tongue.

Options:

1. Bite the tip of the tongue.

2. Bite the middle of the tongue.

3. Bite your tongue, moving it gradually back and forth.

During the exercise pronounce"ta-ta-ta".

Blowing on the spatula

Smile, open your mouth, put the wide edge of the tongue on the lower lip and calmly blow in the middle of the tongue. Complication: On a wide tongue lying on the lower lip, you can blow into a bottle, a spinner, balls.

BITE THE SIDE EDGES OF THE TONGUE

smile, sing "i-i-i" (language expands). Without changing the position of the tongue, bite its edges with the side teeth 10-15 times.

PUSSY IS ANGRY

Smile, open your mouth. The tip of the tongue rests on the lower teeth. Bend the tongue with a slide, hold the count up to 5-10.

FENCE (SMILE)

Smile without tension so that the front upper and lower teeth are visible. Hold the lips in this position at the expense of dor 5-10.

CLEANING THE LOWER TEETH

Smile, open your mouth, show your teeth. Use the tip of your tongue to brush your lower teeth from the inside.

Articulation should be done together with child and adult, giving a pattern of performing movements.

Be sure to do articulation exercises in front of a mirror.

You don't have to do all the exercises at once. It is better to practice several times, performing 2-3 exercises.

Dealing with child, do not be upset yourself and do not upset the baby if he does not copes with the task.

Sounds of Sh, F, H, U are called hissing and combined into one group: they are all formed behind the upper teeth, the position of the tongue is almost the same. Among this group sound Sh is the most important in their sizzling family. If the child does not know how to pronounce the sound sh, then he doesn’t pronounce Zh, Ch, Щ very clearly.

If your child speaks poorly sounds living on the top floor, this means that the language pronunciation sluggishly held behind the upper teeth, did not achieve good mobility of the upper movements. Therefore, special articulation exercises for working out the upper rise of the tongue will contribute to the solution of the problem.

A complex of articulatory gymnastics for hissing sounds

LANGUAGE WELCOMES LIP

Smile slightly, open your mouth, put the wide edge of your tongue on your upper lip ( "to embrace" lip with tongue). Hold the tongue on the upper lip for a count of up to 5, put it in the mouth.

DELICIOUS JAM

Smile, open your mouth and lick your upper lip with your tongue in the shape of a cup, making movements from top to bottom. You can continue to move and put your tongue in your mouth without destroying "cup".

Smile, open your mouth wide. Stick out a wide tongue, give it the shape of a cup (the edges of the tongue are at the upper teeth).

CLEANING THE UPPER TEETH

Smile, open your mouth, show your teeth. With a wide tongue, brush the upper teeth from the inside.

PARACHUTE

Place a piece of cotton on the tip of your nose. Press a wide tongue in the shape of a cup to the upper lip. Gently blow up and blow off the cotton wool from the nose.

Practice daily or every other day in a friendly playful way.

Observe the accuracy of the exercises.

Remember, the timing of overcoming speech disorders depends on the degree of complexity of the defect, on the age and individual characteristics of the child, the regularity of classes,

Do not fix the child's attention on what he does not succeed, it is better to cheer him up.

Parents with disabilities pronunciation useful to work with your child.

Be patient and be sure to bring the correction course child's pronunciation to the end.

Nurture in child perseverance, independence.

Believe in the strength of your child.

Let's be optimistic: the road will be mastered by the walking one!

Related publications:

How to teach a child to read poetry with expression. Advice for parents How to teach a child to read poetry with expression. What is it in different people reading poetry! One is monotonous, sluggish. The other is highlighting features.

The role of a speech therapist teacher in shaping a child's speech development Currently, there is a steady increase in the number of children with problems in speech development. Therefore, the question of an integrated approach to correction.

Consultation for parents "Parents are the first teachers for their child" Dear moms and dads! You are the first teacher for your child. The first family stage of a child's life, which will have a big impact.

Advice for parents "How to teach a child to draw by cells" Advice for parents. How to teach a child to draw by cells. Drawing an object or animal in cells develops a small one.

Advice for parents "How to teach a child to put toys away?" Consultation "How to teach a child to put toys in their places?" Each child develops at its own pace and is not born with one.

Advice for parents "How to teach a child to behave at the table" CONSULTATION FOR PARENTS "HOW TO TEACH A CHILD TO BE CORRECTLY AT THE TABLE" Than earlier child learns the rules of conduct at the table, those.