MOU "Iltyakovskaya basic comprehensive school"
Summary of a lesson on teaching literacy on the topic:
“Consonant sound [y ’], letter y.”
Completed by: Gordienko T.A.,
primary school teacher
Shadrinsk
2009
Explanatory note to the summary of the lesson.
This lesson is held in the second grade in the first quarter, at the end of September. This is the second lesson in the Consonant Sounds and Letters section and the first lesson in the Consonant Sound and Letter Y topic.
This is a lesson in the integrated application of knowledge and skills, the didactic purpose of which is to create conditions for the application of knowledge and skills in familiar and new learning situations.
The structure of this type of lesson:
Organizational moment.
Goal setting and motivation.
Updating students' knowledge.
Application of knowledge (exercises):
In a familiar situation (typical);
In a changed situation (constructive);
AT new situation(problematic).
5. Information about homework.
6. Reflection (summarizing the lesson).
The lesson implements developmental, educational and educational goals.
hallmark this lesson are tasks of a creative nature. In each block of words, students are offered tasks for comparison, classification according to a certain attribute, to identify correspondence in terms of lexical meaning.
At the lesson, an activity approach is carried out, ways of mental activity are formed.
Various forms of organizing the cognitive activity of students (frontal, group, collective) are used.
Independent work:
By type of tasks - constructive;
In its place in the lesson - at the stage of consolidation;
According to the form of organization of educational activities - group and collective.
Tasks for independent work selected with an increasing degree of complexity, gradually turning into creative ones that require active cognitive activity of students.
Elements of UDE P.M. technology are used. Erdniev (block method of material presentation). Blocks of words "Birds", "Colors", "Names".
A new approach to vocabulary work is applied, namely the principle of "coding" dictionary words:
* * * * *
d u er m k o s t y - ge Roy
* * * * * * *
m u s k r t a n ve i – mura vey
The stages of the lesson are sustained in time, every minute is effectively loaded.
Homework offered for selection.
The lesson is summed up. All students are invited to put signs on the petals of a flower
Lesson topic: Consonant sound [y ’], letter y.
Goals:
1) give a more complete picture of the consonant sound [y '];
2) practice writing words with the letter "y";
3) improve the ability to divide words into syllables and transfer words with the letter "y";
4) develop logical operations of comparison, correspondence, division into groups according to a certain attribute;
5) to cultivate a culture of speech, to maintain interest in the lessons of the Russian language.
Equipment : tables with printed words, lesson theme illustration.
During the classes:
I stage. Organizational moment.
The didactic task of this stage is to prepare students for work in the classroom. Mutual greetings between teacher and students. Checking the readiness of students for the lesson.
Let's create a good, friendly mood. Smile at each other, sit down.
Arms?
On the spot!
Legs?
On the spot!
Elbows?
At the edge!
Back?
Straight!
II stage. Goal setting and motivation.
On the this stage create a focus on academic work We stimulate the process of learning to achieve the set goals. The topic of the lesson is voiced in joint activities with students. The poem creates a certain emotional mood for the lesson. When formulating the objectives of the lesson, we clearly and unambiguously indicate which skills will be practiced.
Look carefully at the board, you can see several groups of words.
What do all these groups have in common? ( is everywhere th)
What sound and letter are we going to talk about today?([th'], th)
This letter is not simple,
Because the comma
Sitting on her shoulders.
(V. Kozhevnikov).
Lesson topic : Consonant sound [y ’] and letter and short.
Goals : Today in the lesson we will consolidate the ability to write words with "y";
practice the ability to divide words into syllables, transfer words with "y";
change (transform) words so that "y" appears in them.
III stage. Updating students' knowledge.
During the conversation, students reproduce the necessary theoretical knowledge on this topic. Systematization and generalization theoretical material provides perception and awareness of further tasks and exercises.
Can you tell me, please, the sound [th'] is a vowel or a consonant? ( consonant)
Describe the sound [th ']
Consonant
Unpaired
Voiced
Soft
IV stage. Application of knowledge (exercises) in familiar, changed and new situations.
At this stage of the lesson, we check the depth of understanding of the students educational material. Questions and tasks require active mental activity. Students correlate facts, concepts, learn to generalize, compare. Accessibility, the sequence of tasks performed, sufficient independence of students create conditions for the implementation of the goals.
Tasks 1 and 2 - application of knowledge in a familiar situation.
Task 3 - application of knowledge in a changed situation.
Tasks 5 and 6 - application of knowledge in a new situation.
1.
nightingale
sparrow
parrot
gull
jay
Tell me in one word who is this?(birds)
What do the names of these birds have in common?(th)
What two groups can these words be divided into?
1) in place in the word;
2) by the number of syllables in a word.
2.
red
Orange
yellow
green
blue
blue
violet
What do the words in this group mean?(color)
Why are these colors in that order?(colors of rainbow)
Which word has the most syllables?(purple, 5 syllables)
3.
washer roll
seagull locksmith
nut sea
bunny hockey
cod forest
Read the words in the first column. What unites these words?(th in the middle of a word)
Is there any common sense in these words?(No)
Let's try to establish semantic connections between the words of the first and second columns.
puck hockey
seagull sea
nut locksmith
bunny forest
cod roll
Let's make sentences with any semantic chain.(The locksmith screwed the nut to the sink. Seagulls flew noisily over the sea.)
How can these words be translated?(say in chorus)
P
When transferring words fromth In the middle
or
letter th short not separate
derived from the previous vowel.
th short does not wrap to a new line, but remains on the previous line.
4. Independent work. (tasks in rows)
1 row. Write the words of the first table anddivide them into syllables . (5 words)
2 row. Write the words of the second table andput emphasis .
3 row. Write down the words of the first column of the third table anddivide them to transfer .
(Check, mutual check)
(Physical education minute)!
5. Creative activity of students.
In this task, words with "y" are encrypted, encoded. Let's decipher them. These are dictionary words.
* * * * *
d u er m k o s t y - hero
* * * * * * *
m u s k r t a n ve i - ant
* * * * * * *
v t gr o a l m s v c a y - tram
6.
Kolya
Tolya
Valera
Gena
Zhenya
Seryozha
form full names and write them down in your notebook.
Why were these names chosen?(when full names are formed, "y" appears)
V stage. Information about homework.
The amount of homework is appropriate for the age of the children. The content of the work, methods and sequence of tasks are commented. Homework is differentiated taking into account the individual characteristics of children.
Ramzaeva T.G. Russian language. Textbook for 2nd grade four year old elementary school. – M.: Bustard. – 2003.
Exercises 46, 47, page 29. (Exercise 47 for students with more high level readiness)
V stage. Reflection. Summing up the lesson.
The results of the lesson are summed up in joint activities with students. The teacher gives information that there are few words in Russian that begin with Y. A peculiar algorithm for evaluating the work of the class and the teacher is used. The teacher thanks the children for their work in the lesson with the help of "coding", and the students express their attitude to the lesson with the help of signs. You can offer a variant of the verbal expression.
1) What sound and letter are we talking about today?(sound [y ’], letter y)
2) What skills did you practice while working with words where there is a “th”?(transfer, division into syllables)
3) This letter is interesting because there are few words in Russian that would begin with this letter.
iodine
Yoshkar-Ola
yogurt
Work on the lexical meaning of words.
iodine is medicine
Yoshkar-Ola - city
yogurt is food
4) I really want us to part with you with good good feelings about each other.
I want to tell you these kind words, decipher them.
* * * * * * * * * * *
Thanks kids c c p g e a c h i b o, w u e s t i
And 
I want to give you this sunny warm flower, and you write on the petals your attitude to the lesson
Just like the letter I, Y came to the Russian alphabet from the Greek. In the Glagolitic alphabet, the sound was denoted by a sign, which you can see a little higher, in Cyrillic -I-, as well as -Y- were denoted in the same way, by the letter -I-. Any language is "fluid", that is, subject to the influence of other languages of the world. For example, the current situation is such that .
Modern Russian
In our language, the letter -Y- has the following features:
- -Y- is a consonant;
- -Y- is always soft, no matter in what part of the word it is located;
- -Y- is a soft, unpaired sound.
For clarity, we present a table in which all sounds are divided into vowels and consonants:
Division into soft and hard consonants:
Important: this letter is really considered borderline (having signs of vowels and consonants), in many languages of the world, for example, Ukrainian and Bulgarian, -Y- until today means two sounds - YO-, but even in the Old Russian language two letters were recognized - a vowel - I- and its short form -Y-, which was recognized as a consonant.
The Russian language is one of the most difficult to learn, it has a huge number of nuances, for example, foreigners studying the great and mighty are perplexed by the difference that exists between hyphen and dash.
You can often hear the question at school: “Is the letter k (d, p, c, and so on) hard or soft?”. For such students, their mistake should be explained: the letters do not have hardness or softness. Only sounds are endowed with this quality. Why? The word is made up of letters and sounds. Letters exist for writing a particular word, text. A person pronounces sounds, applying some effort to this, pronouncing them according to a special scheme inherent in each individual sound. At the same time, sounds that do not have the usual content in themselves are of great importance in colloquial speech, since by pronouncing words and phrases clearly, a person conveys his thought.
Before answering the question of what kind of sound is the sound th, it is necessary to find out what sounds are in general.
Sounds are divided into vowels (a, o, y, s, e, e, e, i, u, i) and consonants (b, d, p, p, s, c, etc.). Vowels are pronounced freely, easily passing air through the oral cavity. When pronouncing, the vowels [a], [o], [y], [s], [e] give firmness to the consonants in front of them (each, conversation, music); sounds [e], [i], [e], [and] soften the consonants in front (spicy, light, embossed). Each of these sounds are freely drawn.
Looking ahead, it can be argued that the sound [y '] is a voiced, unpaired, soft consonant sound.
Consonants are formed due to the position of the tongue and the tension of the larynx. When speaking, air from the lungs passes through the larynx, while irritating the vocal cords and overcoming an obstacle in the form of a slit or bow. In this case, the tongue is either close to the upper / lower teeth ([s], [w], [h]), or pulled back a little ([b], [p], [t]). When pronouncing the sound [th], the tongue is pulled back a little, the air overcomes the obstacle when pronouncing; hence this sound is a consonant.
All consonants are divided into voiced / deaf, paired / not paired, soft / hard.
- Voiced / deaf consonants are determined by the participation in their pronunciation of noise and voice. When pronouncing voiced consonants, the air not only passes the barrier, but also gives vibration to the vocal cords, which is accompanied by noise and voice ([g], [h], [d], [p], etc.). Deaf ones are pronounced only by overcoming the barrier, without irritating the vocal cords, that is, only due to noise ([n], [t], [f], [w], etc.) Therefore, the sound [th] refers to voiced consonants .
- Paired / unpaired sounds are distinguished by a single feature - their sonority during pronunciation: b-p, v-f, g-k, d-t. ss, ws. Sounds [h], [u], [th] do not have pairs. Therefore, the sound [th] is unpaired.
- As for the hardness of sounds, they are distinguished by the position of the tongue during the production of the sound. So, when pronouncing soft sounds, the tongue is advanced a little forward, and its middle is slightly raised. Hard consonants are pronounced when the tongue is pulled closer to the larynx. The sound [th] refers to soft consonants, since the position of the tongue during pronunciation is the same as for all soft sounds.
- In phonetic parsing, to determine the hardness / softness of a sound, square brackets are used, in which the sound is recorded and their hardness is indicated. When writing a solid sound, only the letter ([b], [s], [k]) is written in brackets; soft sound is indicated by an apostrophe next to the written letter ([b '], [s '], [k ']). All consonants are always paired in terms of softness / hardness, with the exception of three: [h '], [u '], [y ']
Sounds belong to the section of phonetics. The study of sounds is included in any school curriculum in the Russian language. Acquaintance with sounds and their main characteristics occurs in the lower grades. A more detailed study of sounds with complex examples and nuances takes place in middle and high school. This page gives only basic knowledge by the sounds of the Russian language in a compressed form. If you need to study the device of the speech apparatus, the tonality of sounds, articulation, acoustic components and other aspects that are beyond the scope of the modern school curriculum, refer to specialized textbooks and textbooks on phonetics.
What is sound?
Sound, like words and sentences, is the basic unit of language. However, the sound does not express any meaning, but reflects the sound of the word. Thanks to this, we distinguish words from each other. Words differ in the number of sounds (port - sport, crow - funnel), a set of sounds (lemon - firth, cat - mouse), a sequence of sounds (nose - dream, bush - knock) up to a complete mismatch of sounds (boat - boat, forest - park).
What sounds are there?
In Russian, sounds are divided into vowels and consonants. There are 33 letters and 42 sounds in Russian: 6 vowels, 36 consonants, 2 letters (ь, ъ) do not indicate a sound. The discrepancy in the number of letters and sounds (not counting b and b) is due to the fact that there are 6 sounds for 10 vowels, 36 sounds for 21 consonants (if we take into account all combinations of consonant sounds deaf / voiced, soft / hard). On the letter, the sound is indicated in square brackets.
There are no sounds: [e], [e], [u], [i], [b], [b], [g '], [w '], [ts '], [th], [h] , [sch].
Scheme 1. Letters and sounds of the Russian language.
How are sounds pronounced?
We pronounce sounds when exhaling (only in the case of the interjection “a-a-a”, expressing fear, the sound is pronounced when inhaling.). The division of sounds into vowels and consonants is related to how a person pronounces them. Vowel sounds are pronounced by the voice due to the exhaled air passing through the tense vocal cords and freely exiting through the mouth. Consonant sounds consist of noise or a combination of voice and noise due to the fact that the exhaled air meets an obstacle in its path in the form of a bow or teeth. Vowel sounds are pronounced loudly, consonant sounds are muffled. A person is able to sing vowel sounds with his voice (exhaled air), raising or lowering the timbre. Consonant sounds cannot be sung, they are pronounced equally muffled. Hard and soft signs do not represent sounds. They cannot be pronounced as an independent sound. When pronouncing a word, they affect the consonant in front of them, make it soft or hard.
Word transcription
Transcription of a word is a record of sounds in a word, that is, in fact, a record of how the word is pronounced correctly. Sounds are enclosed in square brackets. Compare: a - letter, [a] - sound. The softness of consonants is indicated by an apostrophe: p - letter, [p] - hard sound, [p '] - soft sound. Voiced and voiceless consonants are not marked in writing. The transcription of the word is written in square brackets. Examples: door → [dv'er '], thorn → [kal'uch'ka]. Sometimes stress is indicated in transcription - an apostrophe before a vowel stressed sound.
There is no clear juxtaposition of letters and sounds. In the Russian language, there are many cases of substitution of vowel sounds depending on the place of stress of a word, substitution of consonants or dropping out of consonant sounds in certain combinations. When compiling a transcription of a word, the rules of phonetics are taken into account.
Color scheme
In phonetic analysis, words sometimes draw color schemes: letters are painted different colors depending on what sound they mean. Colors reflect the phonetic characteristics of sounds and help you visualize how a word is pronounced and what sounds it consists of.
All vowels (stressed and unstressed) are marked with a red background. Green-red marked iotated vowels: green color means a soft consonant sound [y ‘], red color means the vowel following it. Consonants with solid sounds are colored blue. Consonants with soft sounds are colored green. Soft and hard signs are painted in gray or not painted at all.
Designations:
- vowel, - iotated, - hard consonant, - soft consonant, - soft or hard consonant.
Note. The blue-green color is not used in the schemes for phonetic analysis, since a consonant cannot be both soft and hard at the same time. The blue-green color in the table above is only used to show that the sound can be either soft or hard.
For many parents who begin to learn the alphabet with their kids, the question arises: how to qualify Y - as a vowel or consonant sound?
Indeed, the sound Y is similar to both, being, as it were, in the middle. Let's try to understand this issue.
A bit of history
Y, or I short, as this letter is called in the alphabet, is known in many Slavic languages: Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, in Serbia and Macedonia, the letter J is used to denote the sound Y.
In non-Slavic languages that use Cyrillic writing, this letter is also present.
In Russian, this letter is the 11th in a row.
The sound Y was formed on the basis of the non-syllable vowel "I" and the voiced consonant "J" similar to it.
Thus, the sound Y really combines a vowel and a consonant.
In the Bulgarian and Ukrainian languages, the letter Y is still used in the combination "YO", which is intended to denote the letter Y.
The letter Y originated in church Slavic writing in the 15th and 16th centuries. In the 17th century, during the time of Patriarch Nikon Y, it was already included in the publications of books in Church Slavonic in Moscow.
At the beginning of the 18th century, the so-called civil type was introduced. Superscripts in Slavic writing were eliminated, and the letter Y was removed from the alphabet, although the sound remained in the language.
During the time of Peter the Great in 1735, Y was rehabilitated and reappeared in the letter, but it was not included in the alphabet and did not indicate any number (previously, numbers were indicated by letters of the Church Slavonic alphabet). Already in the 20th century, the letter Y finally became part of the alphabet, but still remained somewhat "infringed on the rights." She was not included in letter designations lists, and sometimes the tail above the letter in the letter is skipped, as are the dots above the e.
In the 18-19 centuries, the letter Y is already part of the Ukrainian and Belarusian alphabets. In Ukrainian, she is called "iy", which once again demonstrates her dual origin.
Which sound?
And yet, when classifying sounds, it is not entirely clear which sound Y is: a vowel or a consonant.
Immediately it is worth answering: neither one nor the other.
Let's try to think.
The sound Y is not deaf, which can be easily felt by pronouncing this sound.
It is rather sonorous, as it is pronounced with the participation of the voice. However, this is not a vowel sound, since any vowel can be sung without difficulty.
Try to sing the sound Y: you are unlikely to succeed. In this regard, although the voice is involved in the formation of this sound, it is still consonant.
This is how teachers-philologists qualify him in school practice.
However, the sound Y is not voiced. According to the classification of philologists, the consonant sound can be attributed to any of four groups: deaf, hissing, voiced or sonorous. Let's talk about the last group of sounds in more detail.
The consonant sonorant sound is located, according to its characteristics, between vowels and consonants, but it is still designated as a consonant.
There are few sonorous sounds in Russian: N, R, L, Y, M. They can be stretched out with a voice, but they cannot be sung like a vowel sound.
Thus, the sound Y is a sonorous consonant.
Another question that may arise is whether the letter Y is soft or hard.
Most sounds have pairs of softness-hardness. The sound Y has no such pair.
It is qualified by scientists as always soft.
In the transcription of a word, there is always a designation of softness next to it.
Made up of letters
The consonant sonorant sound Y in Russian is present not only in the form of the letter Y, but is also part of four vowel sounds: E, YO, YU, YA. In writing, of course, it is not indicated in this case, but when pronounced it is heard clearly. Each of these letters is a combination: a vowel sound and Y.
If we decompose these letters into components, we get: E=Y+E, E=Y+O, Yu=Y+U, I=Y+A.
These letters are read as "vowel + Y" only in strictly defined cases: after a vowel, b or b. In other cases, they only soften the previous consonant.
Thus, it can be said quite definitely that today's science is not inclined to regard the sound Y as a vowel, although it was born precisely from such a sound.
If we take into account that in the Greek language there was such a thing as long and short sounds, then the birth in Church Slavonic writing Y as a short version of Y is quite natural, because the Church Slavonic language was created on the basis of Greek.
AT modern language we classify Y as a consonant, but classify it as a sonorant sound as close as possible to a vowel. This is how knowledge about the sound Y is taught to children at school. Of course, little child it is very difficult to explain what a sonorous sound means. You can simply designate it as a consonant, but for yourself, parents should remember the history of its origin in order to be ready to answer unforeseen questions at any time.
Is the letter "Y" a vowel or a consonant, hard or soft? Phonetic analysis of the word.
This question is often asked by students who need to parse a word according to all the rules of phonetics. You will get the answer to it a little further.
General information.
Before talking about what the letter “y” is (soft or hard), you should find out why the letters of the Russian alphabet are generally divided according to such criteria.
The fact is that each word has its own sound shell, which consists of separate sounds. It should be noted that the sound of this or that expression is fully consistent with its meaning. At the same time, different words and their forms have completely different sound design. The sounds themselves don't matter. However, they play an important role in the Russian language. After all, thanks to them, we can easily distinguish words.
Let's give an example
: [house] - [lady´] - [home´ma]; [m'el] - [m'el '], [volume] - [there], [house] - [volume].
Transcription.
Why do we need information about what the letter "y" is (hard or soft)? During the phonetic analysis of a word, it is very important to correctly display the transcription that describes its sound. In such a system, it is customary to use the following symbols:
- This designation is called square brackets. They must be put to indicate transcription.
[ ´] is an accent. It is placed if the word has more than one syllable.
[b '] - a kind of comma is placed next to the consonant letter and indicates its softness.
By the way, during the phonetic analysis of words, the following symbol is often used - [j]. As a rule, they denote the sound of the letter “y” (sometimes a symbol such as [y] is also used).
Letter "y": consonant or vowel?
As you know, in Russian all sounds are divided into consonants and vowels. They are perceived and pronounced differently.
In addition to the above consonants, the Russian language also has the following: [m], [d], [c], [f], [g], [l], [p], [h], [c], [x] . As you can see, there are many more than vowels.
Silent and voiced sounds.
By the way, many consonants form between pairs of deafness and sonority: [k] - [g], [b] - [p], [h] - [c], [d] - [t], [f] - [c], etc. In total, there are 11 such pairs in Russian. However, there are sounds that do not have pairs on this basis. These include: [th], [p], [n], [l], [m] are unpaired voiced, and [h] and [c] are unpaired voiceless.
Soft and hard consonants.
As you know, consonants differ not only in sonority or, conversely, deafness, but also in softness and hardness. This property is the second most important feature of sounds.
So, the letter "y": hard or soft? To answer this question, you should consider each feature separately:
It should be especially noted that many consonants form pairs among themselves according to such features as softness and hardness: [d] - [d '], [p] - [p '], etc. There are 15 such pairs in total. However, there are also sounds that do not have pairs on this basis. What letters of solid consonants are unpaired? These include the following - [w], [g] and [c]. As for unpaired soft ones, these are [u '], [h '] and [y '].
Letter designation.
Now you know the information about whether the letter "y" is hard or soft. But here comes new question: "How is the softness of such sounds indicated in writing?" For this, completely different methods are used:
As you can see, the softness of consonant sounds in writing is conveyed not by individual letters, but by their combinations with the vowels “e”, “yu”, “yo”, “ya”, as well as soft sign. That is why, when phonetically parsing a word, experts recommend paying attention to neighboring characters.
As for the vowel "y", it is always soft. In this regard, in transcription it is usually denoted as follows: [th ']. That is, the comma symbol, indicating the softness of the sound, must always be set. [u '], [h '] obey the same rule.
Let's summarize.
As you can see, there is nothing difficult in correctly making a phonetic analysis of any word. To do this, you just need to know what vowels and consonants are, deaf and voiced, as well as soft and hard. For a better understanding of how it is necessary to arrange transcription, we will give several detailed examples.
1. The word "hero". Consists of two syllables, with the 2nd being stressed. Let's do a breakdown:
g - [g '] - voiced, consonant and soft.
p - [p] - voiced, consonant, unpaired and hard.
o - [o] - stressed vowel.
th - [th '] - voiced, consonant, unpaired and soft.
Total: 5 letters and 5 sounds.
2. The word "trees". Consists of three syllables, with the 2nd being stressed. Let's do a breakdown:
d - [d '] - voiced, consonant and soft.
e - [and] - unstressed vowel.
p - [p '] - voiced, consonant, unpaired and soft.
e - [e´] - stressed vowel.
in - [in '] - voiced, consonant and soft
b - [-]
e - [y '] - voiced, consonant, unpaired and soft and [e] - vowel, unstressed;
in - [f] - deaf, consonant, paired and solid.
Total: 8 letters and 8 sounds.
Is the letter y a vowel or a consonant?
The letter Y refers to consonants.
In the Russian alphabet, not a lot, a lot, but 33 letters.
Vowels are melodious, that is, you do not need to squeeze your mouth.
And we pronounce consonants with the help of lips and tongue.
Vowels of the Russian alphabet: A, E, O, E, y, I, Y, I, Yu. There are 10 vowels in total.
All other letters are consonants, except for ь and ъ, which are not vowels and are not consonant letters.
The letter y cannot be a vowel because it cannot be combined with another consonant so as to follow this consonant. In addition, the letter й cannot form a syllable, as any vowel can. The letter y conveys a voiced sound, because. voice is involved in its pronunciation, and not just hissing or other ways of transmitting dull sounds.
Letter Y (and short) conveys a consonant. That's how we were taught in school. However, some linguists consider it a semi-vowel, because in some cases letter y behaves like a vowel. For example, when she stands at the end of a word: give, edge, etc.
Letter y- consonant letter.
If you look at the information source, then we are pointed out that in the Russian language there are only 21 consonants and 10 vowels.
The consonants include Y.
It is also written that sound Y is a consonant unpaired voiced sound.
The letter y is a consonant, or rather not a consonant letter, there can be no such letter, a consonant sound! When compiling a transcription, it should also be borne in mind that the sound y is always consonant, voiced and soft.
The letter Y (and short) is not native to Cyrillic approved unpaired voiced consonant.
In the eighties it was already like that, but when I started to study (I don’t dare to say 100%) in the mid-70s, it didn’t seem to belong to either vowels or consonants.
Having rummaged through the Internet without strong fanaticism, I did not find confirmation of this.
It is known that the letter Y refers to consonants. To pronounce it, we do not open our mouth wide, but use our tongue and teeth.
In addition, this letter is a voiced unpaired sound. She does not have a pair, such as w-w, s-s, v-f and other letters.
Provokes a fairly common mistake. Since the letter I is a vowel, the letter Y is also considered a vowel, because they are similar in spelling and even sound. In fact Y is a consonant.
Consonant.
Also, this sound is sometimes called semi-consonant or semi-vowel.
An interesting question, but the answer, in my opinion, is completely unambiguous. In all textbooks, the letter Y is indicated as a consonant. And it refers to voiced because it will transmit a voiced sound. I can add that this letter was introduced into the Russian alphabet in 1735.
The letter cannot be a vowel or a consonant. Only sound can. The sound y is a consonant soft sound.
so, the letter and the short designate the sound th-which is consonant, voiced, always soft, sonorous (sonorous is very voiced). source - school dictionary phonetic analysis of the word. Author Ushakova Olga Dmitrievna.
