Automated workplaces. Automated workplace: a brief description

Task one. 3

1. The concept of an automated place (AWP) of a specialist. The main types of support for automated workplaces. ARM classification. Types of tasks solved on the workstation .. 3

2. Views computer networks and features of information technologies based on them. The possibilities of the Internet and the characteristics of its services. 6

Task two. 16

List of used sources. 18

Task one

The concept of an automated place (AWP) of a specialist. The main types of support for automated workplaces. ARM classification. Types of tasks solved on the workstation

automated workplace(Workstation), or, in foreign terminology, a "workstation" (work-station), is a place of a user-specialist of a particular profession, equipped with the means necessary to automate the performance of certain functions.

Such means, as a rule, is a PC, supplemented as necessary with other auxiliary electronic devices, namely disk drives, printers, optical readers or bar code readers, graphics devices, interfaces with other workstations and with local area networks, etc. .d.

The most widely used workstations in the world are based on professional PCs with the IBM PC architecture.

Workstation is a specialized system, a set of hardware and software focused on a specific specialist - administrator, economist, engineer, designer, designer, architect, designer, doctor, organizer, researcher, librarian, museum worker and many others.

At the same time, a number of general requirements, which must be provided during its creation, namely:

Direct availability of information processing facilities;

Ability to work in a dialog (interactive) mode;

Fulfillment of the basic requirements of ergonomics: rational distribution of functions between the operator, elements of the AWS complex and environment, creating comfortable working conditions, convenience of workstation designs, taking into account the psychological factors of a human operator, the attractiveness of the shapes and colors of workstation elements, etc .;

Sufficiently high performance and reliability of a PC operating in the AWP system;

Software adequate to the nature of the tasks to be solved;

Maximum degree of automation of routine processes;

Optimal conditions for self-service of specialists as operators of workstations;

Other factors that ensure maximum comfort and satisfaction of the specialist using the workstation as a working tool.

In the most complex systems, workstations can be connected through special equipment not only to the resources of the main computer of the network, but also to various information services and systems. general purpose(news services, national information retrieval systems, databases and knowledge, library systems, etc.).

Many well-known workstations can be classified based on the following generalized features:

Functional scope ( scientific activity, design, production and technological processes, organizational management);

Type of computer used (micro-, mini-, macrocomputer);

Operating mode (individual, group, network);

User qualifications (professional and non-professional).

Within each of the selected groups of workstations, a more detailed classification can be carried out.

For example, organizational management workstations can be divided into workstations of heads of organizations and departments, planners, logistics workers, accountants, etc. Conventionally, all these workstations can be called an economist's workstation.

The conceptual difference between a PC-based workstation is that an open PC architecture is functionally, physically and ergonomically configured for a specific user (personal workstation) or a group of users (group workstation).

Business workstations bring the user closer to the possibilities of modern computer science and computer technology and create conditions for working without an intermediary - a professional programmer. This ensures both autonomous operation and the ability to communicate with other users within organizational structures(taking into account the features of these structures).

The parametric series of business workstations makes it possible to create a unified technical, organizational and methodological basis for computerization of management. Initially information technology is localized within the limits of a personal or group workstation, and subsequently (when the workstations are combined by means of communication), the workstations of the sector, department, institution are created and a collective technology is formed. This achieves the flexibility of the entire structure and the possibility of increasing information capacity.

Three classes of typical workstations can be distinguished:

workstation of the manager;

workstation of a specialist;

Workstation of technical and support staff.

A number of classification features can also be used as the basis for the classification of AWS. Taking into account the areas of application, it is possible to classify the workstation according to the functional feature:

1. AWP of administrative and managerial personnel;

2. Workstation of the designer of radio-electronic equipment, automated systems management, etc.

3. Workstation of a specialist in the field of economics, mathematics, physics, etc.

4. Workstation for production and technological purposes.

An important classification feature of the workstation is the mode of its operation, according to which single, group and network modes of operation are distinguished.

One of the approaches to the classification of workstations is their systematization by types of tasks to be solved. The following groups of workstations are possible:

1. To solve information and computing problems;

2. To solve the problems of preparing and entering data;

3. To solve information and reference problems;

4. To solve problems accounting;

5. To solve problems of statistical data processing,

6. For solving problems of analytical calculations.

Reasonable attribution of workstations to a certain group will contribute to a deeper and more thorough analysis, the possibility of a comparative assessment of various similar workstations in order to select the most preferable.

The tasks solved on the workstation can be conditionally divided into informational and computational. Information tasks include coding, classification, collection, structural organization, correction, storage, search and issuance of information. Often, information tasks include simple computational and logical procedures of an arithmetic and textual nature and relationships (connections). Information tasks are, as a rule, the most time-consuming and occupy most of the working time of specialists. Computing problems are both formalizable and not completely formalizable. Formalized problems are solved on the basis of formal algorithms and are divided into two groups: direct counting problems and problems based on mathematical models. Direct counting problems are solved using simple algorithms. More complex tasks require the use of different mathematical models. Last time great attention allocated to the development of tools for solving incompletely formalized tasks, called semantic. Such problems arise very often in the course of operational management of economic objects, especially when making decisions in conditions of incomplete information.

Automated workstation (AWP) - this is a set of information, software and technical resources that provides the end user with data processing and automation of management functions in a specific subject area.

An automated workplace is an individual set of hardware and software designed to automate a professional pile of a specialist and provides preparation, editing, search and issuance (on the screen and print) of the documents and data he needs.

The creation of an automated workplace assumes that the main operations for the accumulation, storage, processing of information are assigned to computer technology, and the specialist performs some of the manual operations and operations that require a creative approach in the preparation of managerial tasks.

An automated workplace is created to ensure the performance of a certain group of functions, the simplest of which is the information and reference service. Automated workplaces have a problem-professional focus on a specific subject area.

The creation of a workstation based on a personal computer provides:

simplicity, convenience, user friendliness;
ease of adaptation to specific user functions;
compactness of placement and low requirements in terms of adaptation;
high reliability and survivability;
relatively simple maintenance organization.

The workstation can be used as a workstation within a local area network. This is especially useful when you want to distribute resources among multiple users. The automated workplace is intended for complex automation of operations related to primary placement and secondary circulation valuable papers. It is designed to work with a single integrated reference database and an implemented set of tasks to be solved.

Office as a specialist workstation. The modern stage of managing an economic object is characterized by the development of distributed information processing systems. The key link in such systems is the specialist's workstation. According to the definition, an automated workplace is a workplace of the personnel of an automated control system, equipped with means that ensure the participation of a person in the implementation of control functions. With regard to organizational management systems, workstations can be defined as a set of hardware, software, methodological, linguistic and other means of individual and / or collective use that automate the professional functions of a management employee. Western specialists use other names in this case - computerized workstations or workstations.

According to the degree of specialization, automated workstations are divided into unique, serial, mass, and from the point of view of differentiation of the area of professional interests of end users - into individual and collective use. It is believed that individual workstations are intended for managers of various ranks, and collective ones are for persons who prepare information for the purpose of its further use by managers and their management decisions.

For instrumental support of the activities of any employee of the institution when creating an automated workplace, various standard and applied software tools can be used. Their composition depends on the functional tasks and types of work: administrative and organizational, professional and creative and technical (routine).

Administrative and organizational work is characterized by a large number of intuitive volitional decisions at various levels of management, this includes monitoring execution, holding meetings and working with subordinates.

Control questions

1. What is a system?
2. What is an automatic system?
3. What is an automated system?
4. What is automated Information system?
5. List the main types of information technology support.
6. Name the main types of AIS support.
7. What is an economic information system?
8. What is a workstation?
9. What is the terms of reference?
10. Name the stages of AIS design.
11. List what relates to the organizational, methodological, technical, informational, ergonomic, mathematical, methodological and legal support of AIS.
12. Define AWP.
13. List the main properties of the system.
14. What does a single information space mean?
15. List the main functions of the information system.
16. What are information resources?
17. How are information systems classified?
18. What does the control function mean?
19. Name the functions implemented by the control system.
20. What is a workstation?
21. What is a management information system?

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Automated workstation (AWS) is a specialist's workplace equipped with a personal computer, software and a set of information resources for individual or collective use, which allow him to process data in order to obtain information that provides support for his decisions when performing professional functions.

The creation of an automated workplace assumes that the main operations for the accumulation, storage and processing of information are assigned to computers, and the economist performs some of the manual operations and operations that require a creative approach in preparing management decisions.

Personal equipment is used by the user to control production and economic activities, change the values of individual parameters in the course of solving the problem, as well as enter the initial data into the AIS to solve current problems and analyze control functions. Analyzing the essence of workstations, specialists most often define them as professionally oriented small computing systems located directly at the workplaces of specialists and designed to automate their work. The structure of a specialist's workstation includes five main components:

Personal Computer;

complex of programs for information processing;

training system (hypertext user documentation system; integrated hint system; system of bookmarks, pointers and references; system of examples; error control and detection system);

tools for setting up workstations (calculation algorithms, analytical and technological parameters; devices: printer, scanner, modem; ergonomics of screen forms, etc.);

AWP operating tools (classifiers, reporting forms generator, tools for receiving / transmitting data via communication channels, copying and storing data, database administrator, monitoring the work of specific users).

In addition, the workstation is completed with documentation and methodological materials on the application of programs, as well as regulations for the performance of work on information processing. The specific saturation of each of the components is determined by the tasks to be solved. Workstations can function autonomously or as part of a computer network. In the autonomous mode of operation, workstations are created to solve individual functional tasks and cannot quickly use the entire information base of an economic object, and the exchange of information between different workstations is carried out using machine media. Work on the basis of computer networks allows you to organize the exchange of data between workstations via communication channels, combine the information space of the control object and organize access to it for any employee within his authority.

Each workstation is considered as an independent subsystem, and together they form a single whole. At the same time, the head of the department has the opportunity to manage the process of solving functional problems and integrate the results of the work of individual specialists, quickly receiving processed information for decision-making. At the same time, the possibility of autonomous work of each specialist is preserved. As a rule, workstations are organized in accordance with the existing distribution of work. Depending on the amount of work and the total number of computers at one workplace, various tasks can be solved. Another option is also possible, when one task will be distributed among several jobs.

Classification of workstations.

1. According to the degree of automation:

Manual workstations - special furniture available to the employee (table, chair, cabinets, telephone, rulers, tables and other auxiliary tools);

Mechanical workstations also contain simple or programmable calculators;

Automated workplaces necessarily use a PC with the appropriate software.

2. By the number of employees using workstations and the functions they perform:

Individual workstations, which are typical for leaders of various ranks;

Group workstations used by persons who prepare information for the purpose of its further use and management decision-making by managers (workstation of accountants, financiers, clerks, etc.).

3. By typing the functional tasks to be solved:

Unique workstations, highly specialized for solving a set of non-standard tasks;

Mass workstations created to solve typical problems in various industries.

4. By specialization: AWP manager is characterized by functional isolation, fully providing offline work leader. The workstation of a specialist should provide him with the opportunity to solve any functional tasks facing him, making the most of all the necessary information. The workstation of a technical worker should save him from the daily routine work performed, which requires certain professional skills.

5. By technical base creation of workstations: workstations based on large (universal) computers, providing specialists with the opportunity to work with large amounts of data with technical and software support provided by employees of their own information center (ICC). Workstations based on personal computers are the simplest and most common option for creating automated workstations, as they eliminate all the shortcomings of workstations based on large computers.

General principles the creation of workstations remain unchanged, they include: consistency; flexibility; stability; efficiency. The principle of consistency means the following: an automated workplace should be a system of interconnected components. At the same time, the structure of the workstation must clearly correspond to the functions for which this workstation is created.

The principle of flexibility is of great importance in the creation of modern and efficient workstations. This principle means the possibility of adapting the workstation to the proposed modernization of both software and hardware. At present, when the rate of obsolescence of software and hardware is constantly growing, compliance with this principle is becoming one of the most important conditions for creating workstations. To ensure the principle of flexibility in real working automated workplaces, all subsystems of a single workstation are implemented as separate, easily replaceable modules. To avoid incompatibility problems when replacing, all elements must be standardized.

Great importance has the principle of sustainability. It consists in performing the functions inherent in the workstation, regardless of the impact of both internal and external factors. In the event of failures, the performance of the system should be quickly restored, the malfunctions of individual elements should be easily eliminated.

The principle of efficiency implies that the costs of creating and operating a system should not exceed the economic benefits from its implementation. In addition, when creating an automated workplace, it must be taken into account that its effectiveness will be largely determined by the correct distribution of functions and workload between the employee and the computer means of information processing, the core of which is a PC. Only if these conditions are met, the workstation becomes a means of increasing not only labor productivity and management efficiency, but also the social comfort of specialists.

It is necessary to develop an automated workplace for a department specialist. The software should have an intuitive interface, be easy to use, convenient, informative, flexible and multifunctional. The essence of the automated workplace of a department specialist is as follows: the formation of an individual load; creating schedules for control, independent, consulting work, schedules for defending term papers. Graphs are created for convenience in Microsoft Word.

Using the capabilities of modern computer technology to automate the information processing process allows you to increase labor productivity, improve the efficiency of working with documents and speed up the exchange of management information. At present, the concept of distributed automated control systems aimed at local processing of information has become widespread. This allows you to organize the division of labor of management personnel and automate the performance of their functions. To implement this idea, it is necessary to create automated workstations based on personal electronic computers (PCs) for each level of management and each subject area.

At present, the concept of distributed automated control systems aimed at local processing of information has become widespread. This allows you to organize the division of labor of management personnel and automate the performance of their functions. To implement this idea, it is necessary to create automated workstations based on personal electronic computers (PCs) for each level of management and each subject area.

Distributed control systems allows you to highlight the following requirements for an efficiently and fully functioning workstation:

Timely satisfaction of the information needs of the user;

Minimum response time to user requests;

Adaptation to the level of user training and the specifics of the functions performed by him;

The ability to quickly train the user in the basic methods of work;

Reliability and ease of maintenance;

Friendly interface;

Ability to work as part of a computer network.

AWS consists of hardware and software (Fig. 10) of computer technology, as well as the necessary methodological documentation that allows the user to effectively interact with these tools.

VOLGA STATE UNIVERSITY

TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATICS

Department of Economic Information Systems

Discipline abstract

theory of economic information systems

"AUTOMATED WORKPLACE"

Performed

Student of group IE-81

Osipova Elena

Checked:

Kordonskaya I.B.

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………..…3

CHAPTER 1

1.1 Technology for solving the problem………………………………………………….…4

1.2 Essence of AWP……………………………………………………………...….4

1.3 Standard structure of AWP………………………………………………….…..5

1.4 Classification of workstations…………………………………………………………….7

1.5 Choice of technical means for implementation………………………………...9

CHAPTER 2

2.1 Scenario of dialogue with the system…………………………………………………..9

List of used literature……………………………………………….13

Introduction

AUTOMATED WORKPLACE (AWS) - a workplace of a knowledge worker or employee, equipped with computer technology, including terminals (displays or personal computers) and taking into account all aspects of human activity in a particular field of knowledge and human factors. The workstation is usually focused on the specialty with its composition of external devices equipment and software. By means of a local or global network, a computer workstation and a DBMS can be connected to other workstations or some central processors. The workstation is designed to solve professional problems with the help of problem-oriented software and linguistic support.

CHAPTER 1

1.1 Technology for solving the problem

On present stage Automation of public production management The most promising is the automation of planning and management functions based on personal computers installed directly at the workplaces of specialists. These systems are widely used in organizational management under the name of automated workstations (AWPs). The specifics of the activities of the accounting department of the trade union committee of the university

allows you to choose the method of solving the creation of an automated workplace (AWP). This will allow people who do not have special knowledge in the field of programming to use the system, and at the same time will allow supplementing the system as needed.

1.2 The essence of the workstation

An automated workplace (AWP) can be defined as a complex of information resources, software, hardware and organizational and technological tools for individual and collective use, combined to perform certain functions of a professional management worker. With the help of AWS, a specialist can process texts, send and receive messages stored in computer memory, participate in

communication, organize and maintain personal archives of documents, perform calculations and receive finished results in tabular and graphical form. Usually, decision-making and management processes as a whole are implemented collectively, but a problematic implementation of the AWS of managerial personnel is necessary, corresponding to various levels of management and implemented functions. The preparation of information for decision-making, the actual decision-making and their implementation can have much in common in various economic services of an enterprise. Also, many functions are typical for many enterprises. This allows you to create flexible, configurable control structures. The design of the workstation is based on the following basic principles:

1. Maximum focus on the end user, achieved by creating tools for adapting the workstation to the level of user training, the possibilities of his training and self-learning.

2. Formalization of professional knowledge, that is, the possibility of providing automated work with the help of AWS to independently automate new functions and solve new problems in the process of accumulating experience with the system.

3. Problem orientation of the workstation to solve a certain class of problems, combined common technology information processing, the unity of modes of operation and operation, which is typical for specialists in economic services.

4. Modularity of construction, which ensures the interface of the workstation with other elements of the information processing system, as well as the modification and enhancement of the capabilities of the workstation without interrupting its operation.

5. Ergonomics, that is, the creation of comfortable working conditions for the user and a friendly interface for communicating with the system.

1.3 Typical structure of the workstation

The creation of an automated workplace for organizational management systems involves their structuring and parameterization at the design stage. The structuring of the workstation includes a description of the operating environment: providing and functional subsystems and the links between them, interfaces with the user and hardware, information and software tools. Parameterization involves the selection and study of parameters. formed during structuring Structurally, AWS includes functional and supporting parts. The functional part defines the content of a specific workstation and includes a description of a set of interrelated tasks that reflect the features of the automated functions of the user's activity. The development of functional support is based on the user's requirements for the automated workplace and its functional specification, which includes a description of the input and output information, means and methods for achieving the reliability and quality of information, the carriers used, and communication interfaces. Usually, this also includes descriptions of means of protection against unauthorized access, system recovery in failure situations, management in non-standard cases. The collateral part includes traditional types of collateral:

information, software, technical, technological, and others. Information support includes a description of the organization of the information base, regulates information communications, predetermines the composition and content of the entire information display system. AWP software is divided into general and functional. General software is supplied with a PC and includes operating systems, application programs that extend the capabilities of operating systems, dialog software, and others. General software is designed to control the operation of the processor, organize access to memory, peripheral devices, launch and control the processor, execute application programs, ensure the execution of programs in languages high level. Functional software is designed to automate the solution of functional tasks, includes universal programs and functional packages. When designing these software tools, it is necessary to follow the principles of user-centric development. The set of requirements for software and hardware is displayed on a variety of user functions, and this allows solving the problem of professional user orientation. AWS hardware is a complex of technical means of information processing based on a PC, designed to automate the functions of a specialist in the subject and problem areas of his professional interests. The workstation of a specialist in the field of organizational management is usually based on a PC for individual or collective use. The technological support of the workstation is designed to organize the technological process of using the workstation in relation to the complex of tasks to be solved, corresponding to the functions of a specialist. The technological process is a set of functional works, including the provision of input, control, editing and manipulation of data, accumulation, storage, search, protection, and receipt of output documents. Due to the fact that the user is, as a rule, a member of a certain team and performs certain work in it, it is necessary to provide for the technological interaction of performers in solving problems, to ensure the conditions for the joint work of specialists. These provisions should be reflected in

qualification requirements and job descriptions ARM users.

1.4 Classification of workstations

A number of classification features can be used as the basis for the classification of AWS. Taking into account the areas of application, it is possible to classify the workstation according to the functional feature:

1. AWP of administrative and managerial personnel;

2. Workstation of a designer of radio-electronic equipment, automated control systems, etc.

3. Workstation of a specialist in the field of economics, mathematics, physics, etc.

4. Workstation for production and technological purposes.

An important classification feature of the workstation is the mode of its operation, according to which single, group and network modes of operation are distinguished. In the first case, the workstation is implemented on a separate PC, all the resources of which are at the exclusive disposal of the user. Such a workplace is focused on solving non-standard, specific tasks, and low-power computers are used for its implementation. In the group mode of operation on the basis of one computer, several workplaces are implemented, united according to the principle of administrative or functional community. In this case

more powerful computers and rather complex software are required. The group mode of operation is usually used to organize distributed data processing within a separate department or organization to serve stable groups of specialists and managers. The network mode of operation of the workstation combines the advantages of the first and second. In this case, each workstation is built on the basis of one computer, but at the same time it is possible to use some common computer network resources. One of the approaches to the classification of workstations is their systematization by types of tasks to be solved. The following groups of workstations are possible:

1. To solve information and computing problems;

2. To solve the problems of preparing and entering data;

3. To solve information and reference problems;

4. To solve accounting problems;

5. To solve the problems of statistical data processing;

6. To solve problems of analytical calculations;

1.5 Choice of technical means for implementation

To implement the software package, we will choose the programming system Borland Pascal ver. 7.0. This choice will allow, firstly, to create an effective program code, and secondly, it will make the system open and subsequently supplemented. Since all processing is carried out internally, it seems impractical to use any standard

a data format such as, for example, the DBASE format. Usage

these formats will greatly slow down the work with the data, increase their volume and will not give any obvious advantages. To organize the system files, it seems reasonable to create a system catalog file that will store the name of each base file and its structure. This will allow file formats not to be hardcoded into the system, that is, it will allow changing file formats without recompiling the system. The system requires three types of fields - numeric, string, and date. In the catalog file, when listing fields, the type of the field and the maximum size of this field when outputting are indicated. It makes sense to embed the "Archive" system into the system. Since system data needs to be stored for a long time, in order not to load files with data, it makes sense to divide the database into current data that is subject to change, and an archive that does not change. The current file can be archived by assigning a unique key-date to it. Thus, the situation is reminiscent of an ordinary filing cabinet - the data is divided into current, lying on the table, and the archive, which is in folders on the shelves.

CHAPTER 2

2.1 Scenario of dialogue with the system

At the beginning of the program, the program asks for passwords to determine the user's status and his authority. The system asks for two passwords in succession, known respectively

chairman of the trade union committee and accountant. If one of the passwords is entered correctly, the user gets access to view, but not change, system data. If both passwords are entered correctly, then the system allows you to view and change the data, if both passwords are entered incorrectly, then the system denies the user access. Immediately after entering the passwords, a user greeting and a request for today's date appear on the screen. This date is used by default when entered in fields of type "Date". In this prompt, the user can either confirm the machine's default date by pressing "Enter" or enter a new date if the machine's date is incorrect. After that, the main menu of the system (Screen 1) is displayed on the screen. Using the arrows to control the cursor, the user selects the item of interest to him. Selecting the first item means that the user wants to view the reference information used in the system. When this item is selected, a menu of regulatory and reference information is displayed on the screen (Screen 2). Depending on the user's choice

it is possible to view and edit this or that directory. Cancellation of the directory mode is carried out with the ESC key. In this case, the system returns to the previous menu. Selecting the second item means that the user wants to work with an accountant's notebook, which stores data on loans, financial assistance, and so on. (Screen 3). The user can enter new data into the notebook (selection

the first item), or search the current data (item 2 selection). In this mode, the user enters the personnel number of the employee he is interested in and receives a list of all benefits issued to this employee. The mode is exited by pressing the ESC key. Selecting the third item allows the user to calculate the wages of the trade union committee employees (Screen 4). In this mode, the user can view and edit the accrual file (selection of the first menu item), the file of penalties from employees (second item), the list of employees with salaries (third item), view the general fund wages (fourth paragraph), as well as to gradually calculate wages. First, the user can calculate the salary of employees along with all accruals (fifth point). In this case, the system will ask him for a date that shows for which month the salary is accrued. It can also calculate all employee charges for that month. To do this, the user must select the 6th menu item and enter the date for which the penalties are calculated. The user can separately calculate taxes deducted from wages (seventh point) or receive a complete statement immediately. If you select the ninth item, the system calculates the payroll savings in any given year. The mode is exited by pressing the ESC key. By selecting the fourth item on the Main Menu, the user chooses to work with the payroll (Screen 5). In this mode, the user can view the statement, and if the statement has not been calculated, the system will calculate it, print the statement, enter it into the archive, find the statement in the archive. The mode is exited by pressing the ESC key. When selecting the fifth menu item, the user gets the opportunity to work with banking documents (Screen 6). He can enter and view payment orders, bank statements, bank statements for contributions. When selecting the sixth item, the user chooses to work with the accountant's general ledger (Screen 7). In this mode, he can order the system to add data on the last payroll to the general ledger, add data on the latest payment orders, view the general ledger. Selecting the seventh menu item allows the user to view the account balances. (Screen 8) In order for the system to calculate the balance in any particular account, it must be in the list of accounts. In this mode, the user can calculate the current balance, view it, archive the balance or find it in the archive. When searching for or archiving a balance, the user is asked for a unique date key that will be associated with that balance. In the editing mode of any system data file, the user has the opportunity to get help about the currently active keys by pressing F1. Also, the user can change the size and location on the screen of the window in which the data file is edited. The user can simultaneously open several more data files at the same time, if he needs to view some data right in the editing process. Example: The user enters the next accruals to employees. When entering a personnel number, he forgets what personnel number the employee of interest has. In this case, he needs to press the F10 key, select the "List of employees" item from the proposed list (Screen 9), and a window with number 2 will appear on the screen, which will display the employee file. Now the user must press Ctrl - F5 to enter the window resizing mode, position the first and second windows so that they do not overlap, and continue to enter the accrual file. In this case, a list of employees with their names will be before his eyes.

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Mishenin A.I.

2. Balabanov I.T. Analysis and planning of the finances of an economic entity. M.: Finance and statistics, 1994.

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