Magnolia refers to flowering plants, which began its existence in the era of dinosaurs. It is not surprising that the heat-loving culture has taken root in the Moscow region and Belarus. Living at a time when there were no bees yet, it was pollinated with the help of bugs. Magnolia has not lost this ability even now.

Description of magnolia

Different types magnolias grow in the form of a bush or tree. Some have brown bark, others are ashy with a gray tint. Outwardly, it is scaly, smooth or furrowed. In height, the tree can reach up to 20 meters, although there are also undersized representatives with a height of 5 meters. Elliptical leaves grow on the branches. Nearby are large buds and flowers, reaching a diameter of 35 cm. The colors of the inflorescence are white, red, lilac or purple.

Cone-shaped fruits, consisting of a large number of leaflets. When they open, black seeds hang from the threads.

magnolia siebold

Siebold presents one of 200 varieties of magnolia. It usually grows as a shrub, but is also found as a deciduous tree. The leaves reach a length of 15 cm, and the diameter of the cups of flowers is 10 cm. The flowering period falls on the month of June. The variety is very frost-resistant, can withstand negative temperature up to 36 degrees.

However, if the plant is only biennial, it cannot be left for the winter without shelter. Even with a height of 1.5 meters, the tops of the shoots can be damaged in the spring. While a three-year-old culture, even with a growth of 1 meter, tolerates a harsh winter well.

magnolia susan

Susan also belongs to one of the varieties of magnolia and can grow as a shrub or tree from 2.5 to 6 meters high. In youth, the crown of the tree has a pyramidal shape, however, in the process of growth, it changes and becomes round and dense. The life of the plant is 50 years. The casting is the same size as the Siebold. Flowers grow vertically upwards. Outwardly, they have a bakal form. Along the perimeter there are 6 petals 12 cm long. Flowering begins at the end of April and continues until June.

Before planting a magnolia, you need to check the root system of the seedlings, which should not be damaged. The landing site is selected taking into account:

• The site must be protected from through winds.
• Magnolia cannot grow in calcareous soil. If the soil is exactly like this on the site, then peat must be added to it.
• The soil when planting should not be sandy and should not be waterlogged.

The optimal place for planting magnolia is considered to be a sunny, but sometimes shaded area, with fertile black soil.

The best planting date is October. At this time, the growth of seedlings stops, because they begin a period of hibernation. In mid-autumn, frosts had not yet begun, but the heat subsided.

It is possible to plant a plant in the spring, but it is risky. Spring frosts can cause irreparable harm to a young seedling. It is better to plant magnolia in the fall, without risk and the guarantee of survival will be high.

Landing is carried out in the following order:

• A hole is dug, which exceeds the root system of the seedling by 3 times.
• The soil is checked, if it is dense, then sand is introduced into it.
• A young plant is inserted into the hole and covered with pre-prepared soil.
• It is important not to deepen the neck of the root, but to plant it 2 cm above ground level.
• The soil around the seedling is trampled down and watered.
• As soon as the soil absorbs water, the last step in planting is to mulch the black soil with peat and sand.

Growing magnolia from seeds

Planting seeds is best done in the fall., after harvest, because they are very poorly stored. Seeds are pre-treated. Their surface is very hard. In order to better germination, the side walls are undermined with a file or sandpaper. You can just pierce with a needle.

Given that the surface of the seeds is oily, they should be washed in soapy water and rinsed in clean water. Planting seeds is carried out in boxes, deepening them into the ground by 3 cm. The soil must contain a universal substrate. Then, until spring, containers with seeds are lowered into the basement. In March, they are taken out and placed on the windowsill. So that the soil does not dry out, occasionally water it. In a year, the seedlings will grow by 50 cm, and only after that they are planted in open ground.

Growing by cuttings and taps

Cuttings are cut at the end of June so that 3 leaves remain on top. From below, they are treated with a solution that stimulates the growth of the root system. Then they land in a mixture consisting of sand and peat. The container is covered and placed in a warm place. The temperature in the enclosed space should be maintained at 19-22 degrees. After 8 weeks, roots begin to appear. Landing in open ground is carried out only after a year.

Magnolia can be grown by layering. Branches located near the ground are dug in in the spring and in these places they take root. After a couple of years, they are separated from the mother bush, and the young plant begins to exist.

Magnolia in care is not a very demanding plant, but some attention demands for itself:

Magnolia is a plant that can decorate any garden plot. It's pretty easy to take care of. but it takes patience because the culture develops slowly. However, if you follow the right care for her, in a couple of years she will please her long wait with her flowering.

In the Magnolia family ( Magnoliaceae) includes 12 genera and over 200 species. Genus Magnolia (Magnolia) is named after the French botanist Pierre Magnol. Includes 62 species - trees, deciduous and rarely creepers.

Description

The flowers are fragrant, usually solitary, located at the ends of the branches or less often in the axils of the leaves, about 10 cm in diameter. They bloom before the leaves appear, sometimes in some species. The leaves are large, leathery, often emerald green with a slight pubescence below. Plants are unusually attractive during.

The main difficulty in growing magnolias in middle lane- freezing. Unlike evergreen magnolias, for example, magnolia grandiflora(M. grandiflora), deciduous species are quite hardy in the middle lane. However, flower buds can be damaged by frost. More frost resistant star magnolia (M. stellata), because it blooms earlier than other species. The most winter-hardy: magnolia cobus (M. kobus), m. three-petal or umbrella (M. tripetala), m. long-pointed (M. acuminata).

Landing and care

Magnolias prefer fertile, humus-rich soil. The reaction is slightly acidic or neutral (acidity pH 6-7.5), it is necessary to ensure good drainage.

Magnolias. Mandatory measures include regular watering in drought, the application of complex organo-mineral fertilizers suitable for the season (spring and autumn) and sanitary pruning. the trunks are wrapped to protect the plants from rodents.

Magnolias that can be found in garden centers are most often brought from Poland and Holland, where the climate is milder. Often such plants in the Moscow region freeze slightly, develop poorly and do not bloom. Try to choose zoned planting material. young (up to 3 years old) magnolias should be mulched with dry peat or leaf litter and covered in the first years with spruce branches, burlap, non-woven material (density 60 g / sq.m).

Reproduction of magnolias

In nature, magnolias are pollinated by beetles and the seeds are dispersed by birds. For gardening, the easiest way is "with a heel" when using root stimulants.

Most popular types

Magnolia Kobus(M. kobus) The largest among magnolias - in the Moscow region it reaches about 3.5 m. The crown is pyramidal, branched. The flowers are wide open, white, up to 10 cm in diameter. It blooms profusely in late April-May, before the leaves bloom. Frost-resistant.

magnolia star (M. stellata) - height up to 2-3 m, rounded crown. One of the earliest. It blooms profusely in late April, before the leaves bloom. Flowers 7-10 cm in diameter, snow-white, fragrant. Sometimes damaged by spring frosts. Frost-resistant. Often found varieties: Rosea, Royal Star.

Magnolia Loebner (M. x loebneri) - a height of about 2 m. It blooms in May before the leaves bloom. The flowers are pink, white inside, wide open. Does not freeze, blooms well.

magnolia siebold (M. sieboldii) - height up to 1.5 m. It grows slowly. Blooms at the end of May. The flowers are 7-10 cm in diameter, white with an expressive red center.

Magnolia long pointed (M. acuminata) - height up to 3 m. The flowers are greenish or pale yellow, odorless. In the Main Botanical Garden (GBS) blooms regularly.

magnolia liliaceae (M. liliflora) - a height of about 2-3 m. Flowers with a diameter of 13 cm, lily-shaped petals, purple on the outside and white inside. Hybrid blooms well in the suburbs magnolia lilyflower and star magnolia - Magnolia Susan(M. susan).

It is necessary to choose a sunny, wind-protected place for planting (south wall). The plant is undemanding to care.

One of the most beautiful trees is the beautiful magnolia, belonging to the magnolia family. Anyone who has seen her unusual flowering at least once will never be able to forget this moment. Particularly impressive appearing luxurious inflorescences on bare branches, without a single leaf.

The magnolia tree is a miracle

flowers look like a butterfly

First of all, because blooms incredibly beautiful bright big flowers similar to exotic butterflies. At that moment, when many plants have not yet had time to release leaves, the beauty already pleases those around her with her flowering.

She begins to produce the first flowers in April, and they fill the gardens and parks with their vanilla aroma.

Grow prefers in the southern regions, where a warm climate prevails. Magnolia flower, which is endowed with the brightest colors, does not allow you to tear off the eyes of all tourists.

Some people who dream of seeing how it blooms go on vacation not in the warm summer, but in the middle of spring, when it is still quite cool and the sun is just starting to warm everything around.

Legends and myths

It was brought to Europe from mysterious China.

According to one of the Chinese legends, the beautiful flowers that bloom on the tree are young beauties who once lived in a village. When it was destroyed by enemies, and only one girl managed to escape death. It was she who asked the mother earth so that the dead girls could live on.

In the morning, when the invaders saw a tree that suddenly appeared, they decided to get rid of it. Having cut it down, they split it into the smallest chips and scattered it around, only in those places where the chips fell, young sprouts appeared, which were called magnolias.

If you dream of seeing this amazing flower, then this can be done not only in the southern regions and warm countries, because the growing magnolia in Belarus also produces beautiful flowers.

To do this, you just need to visit the Minsk Botanical Garden, where the first garden of these beautiful trees was laid a couple of years ago.

What you need to know about magnolia

In the presented family, there are about 70 varieties of plants. The shape of the crown can be either spherical or wide pyramidal. Depending on the height, the height of the tree also changes. Some of the representatives can grow up to 20 meters, but basically their height varies from 5 to 8 meters.

At least once, after seeing this, you will surely want a charmer to grow in your garden. It looks great both in a single landing and next to coniferous evergreen bushes.

How is flowering

After planting, if the conditions for growth and development are favorable, most trees begin to bloom only after about 8-10 years.

A variety of colors and flavors will allow you to choose the most suitable variety for you. Some of the representatives release buds only after leaves appear on them, while others first release and bloom their chic buds, and only then do the leaves open on the branches.

But no matter which variety you choose, by planting this beauty in your garden, you will become the owner of a unique plant.

After flowering has ended, petals begin to fall off from each flower, which slowly descend to the ground. "Magnolia rain" is what gardeners call this process.

But even this beauty has its drawbacks. You don't need to sleep near her! The fact is that the aroma emanating from flowers often turns out to be very strong, and if you inhale it for a long time, then a headache may soon appear.

Types of magnolias

There are many species, of which, by crossing one with another, an even greater number of varieties of unusual appearance and colors have appeared. Consider the main "basic" and hybrid varieties popular among lovers of horticultural exotics.

• magnolia star

Proper planting and care of the Magnolia stellata flower. After this variety begins to bloom, the entire territory surrounding it is filled with an unforgettable aroma. In March, the first flowers begin to bloom, after which leaves saturated with emerald green appear. Closer to autumn, they become brownish-bronze. Stellata stands out for its extra decorative characteristics due to the unusual coloring of autumn foliage.

• Siebold

This the species is considered the most frost-resistant, because he is able to withstand frosts reaching up to 36 degrees. The height of this shrub reaches only 4 meters, and its branches are covered with elongated leaves, among which snow-white flowers can be seen. Flowering begins after leaves appear on the branches. Magnolia Siebold is grown throughout Russia, and in special large tubs, which can always be brought in if necessary, are cultivated even in the Urals and Siberia.

• Magnolia Kobus

Proper planting and care brings stunning results for an ornamental variety. It begins to bloom in mid-spring, releasing fragrant white unforgettable flowers. Magnolia evergreen with the onset of summer colors its foliage in a rich green color, and as soon as autumn comes, it turns yellow-brown.

• Lilyflower Magnolia liliiflora

This variety originates in China and is bred throughout Europe.

Considered a bicolor variety. The outer side of the petals is crimson red, while the inner side is snow-white or white-pink.

The flashing bloom begins in early spring and lasts for several wonderful weeks, filled with an airy aroma spread by the inflorescences.

• Black Magnolia Nigra

Refers to the lily-colored species. The flowers are ruby-colored on the outside of the stone, but their inner part is white-lilac. Because of this combination of colors she looks almost black. You can see these unusual beautiful flowers in the 30th days of April or in the early days of May.

• Magnolia Susan planting and care

A hybrid of star and lily-colored varieties. Susan is the most sought after species among exotic lovers.

Large 15 cm lily-shaped inflorescences at the base are rich pink-raspberry, and towards the tips they are lighter, as if luminous.

During the long and lush flowering, which begins at the end of May, less often in June, you can enjoy a pleasant unobtrusive aroma.

• Tulip Magnolia Sulange

Planting and care is similar. The shape of the flowers of this variety can be both goblet-shaped and tulip-shaped. The tulip-shaped variety begins to bloom before the first leaves appear on it. After the fragrant flowering is completed and the last petal falls from the plant, it continues to be decorated with decorative dark green obovate leaves.

• Magnolia Ash

Magnolia ashei. The leaves, which are 70 cm long and 30 cm wide, are painted green. Their lower part is silver-gray and slightly pubescent. First, leaves appear on the tree, and only then, in the last days of the spring month of May or, somewhere in the beginning of June, gradual flowering begins. Creamy white flowers that radiate a light citrus jasmine fragrance, have a circumference of about 20-30 cm.

• Hybrid cultivar Jenny

Magnolia soulangeana Genie. The result of crossing Nigra lily-colored and tulip-shaped Sulangi. Beauty landing and care in open field, for which you will not take much strength, produces unforgettable red ruby ​​petals. The tulip-like flowers begin to open in late April and the first days of May before the leaves appear. This the variety is one of the frost-resistant (among dark magnolias) and is able to withstand up to 30 degrees of frost. After the first wave of flowering, lasting about a few weeks, has ended, you can enjoy the second stage, which will begin in late summer.

• Ivolistnaya

A very rare specimen for wide access. Finding this variety in stores will not be easy. The height reaches 10 meters, the shape is pyramidal. The bark is smooth silvery. Fragrant flowers about 8 cm in circumference.

• Kuvenskaya

A hybrid of the willow-leaved variety and Kobus. It is decorated with 10 cm bell-shaped snow-white flowers, from which a delicate aroma emanates.

Flowering begins in May before leaves appear on the tree. A fast growing variety that can handle light frosts.

it seems that not only from the flowers, but also from the foliage and branches comes a thin, barely perceptible anise flavor.

• pointed

It is a rather large tree, decorated with pointed twenty-centimeter leaves. The petals are yellow-green in color and bloom only after foliage has appeared on the branches. The crown is pyramidal in shape, smoothly turning into a spherical one. The height of this variety can reach up to 24 meters.

Variety Sulange in Crimea Yalta video:

Magnolia planting and care in the open field

As mentioned earlier, the tree prefers to grow in cities and countries where a warm and humid climate prevails.

Having decided to decorate your garden with this pattern, make sure that it will develop comfortably in your area.

• A sunny place is suitable for landing, where there are no north and east winds and drafts.
• It is also worth considering that the bush should not be placed near large trees, since a solid shadow is harmful to it.
• Slight shading is allowed if planted in the southern region.

Some of the varieties that include Loebner, Kobus, star magnolia and some other varieties will do well in open areas.

But this cannot be said about capricious ornamental varieties such as Siebold, Sulange or, for example, Chinese magnolia, because they need places where constant and bright sunlight does not fall.

What should be the soil

Gardeners wondering how to plant a magnolia should first find out what kind of soil it prefers to grow in. It will do well in slightly acidic soil endowed with organic fertilizers.

To prepare the mixture you will need:

1. 2 parts of sod land
2. 1 share of peat
3. 1 share of compost

The soil in which the tree will be planted must be drained, not forgetting to loosen it. In the event that the area where the bush is planted contains too dense earth, be sure to add sand to it.

In addition, if it is possible to add rotted horse manure to the ground, it will also not be superfluous.

What to pay attention to when boarding

When a magnolia is planted in the Moscow region, planting and care should be borne in mind that it is not too complicated, but still requires some attention.

• The first thing you should pay attention to is the root system of the seedling, since the hole where the bush will be planted should be 3 times larger than the roots.
• Also consider the fragility of the roots, which can be easily damaged if you tamp the ground down hard after planting.
• Don't forget to fall asleep with bark coniferous trees near-stem circle, which will retain moisture in the soil.
• When buying seedlings, preference should be given to meter-long specimens, on the stems of which there are 1-2 buds.
• The root system must be closed, which will allow it not to dry out. Those roots that are stored in a container can be planted at any time of the year except winter.

When seedlings are planted

Planting magnolia in autumn is the most favorable time. The middle and end of October are most suitable for this procedure, because at this time the seedlings are at rest. If you plant in the fall, then almost all seedlings will take root. If you decide to plant in the spring, then this should be done in April. But at the same time, do not forget to take into account that even slight frosts will harm the future tree.

Proper watering

Watering is an equally important process that should be given attention.

Young trees, which are no more than 3 years old more than others, need careful watering. Water them often and plentifully.

In the event that the weather is dry, then do not let the soil dry out, this can be prevented using the mulch method.

Mulching is preferable:

1. peat
2. sand
3. spruce branches

What to fertilize and feed

Advice! After planting, the magnolia should not be fertilized for the first few years, but after three years, start feeding. It is worth fertilizing from the first days of spring until the very autumn.

growing tree fertilizer

To do this, you can buy mineral fertilizers and use them according to the instructions.

You can also make your own top dressing using 20 g of ammonium nitrate, 15 g of urea and 1 kg of mullein. All this must be diluted in 10 liters of water.

Remember that one bush takes about 40 liters of water. It is necessary to fertilize once a month, using prepared top dressing instead of the usual liquid for watering.

Sometimes it happens that the magnolia shrub begins to dry out ahead of time, but behind this lies a real threat. The fact is that there may be a sufficient amount of fertilizers in the ground and additional feeding has led to their excess. To avoid death, be sure to stop fertilizing and water it a little more.

Magnolia care and cultivation: transplant

Magnolia prefers to grow all its life in the place where it was originally planted, but only sometimes there are situations when it needs to be urgently transplanted. To do this, you need to find a site that suits her according to all criteria.

• Before you start digging a bush, be sure to thoroughly water the soil around it.
• It is also worth considering that the earthen clod that remains on the root system depends on how well the landing specimen will take root in a new place.
• The plant should be moved with oilcloth or plywood.
• You need to transplant, observing all the rules, as well as when landing.
• The first thing to do is dig a hole, lay drainage, sand, do not forget about fertile soil, and only then you need to install a tree and fill the hole with earth.
• Tamp the soil a little, but do not use force so as not to damage the root system.

plant pruning

Magnolia is a tree or shrub, if you decide to plant something, it is worth remembering that it is unnecessary to cut branches to form a crown. Also remember that pruning is not done in the spring, as at this time of the year sap will begin to stand out from the cuts, which can lead to the death of the tree.

After waiting for the magnolia to fade, carry out sanitary pruning. Frozen branches, wilted flowers, dry shoots are removed from the shrub. Those stems that are frozen must be removed to a healthy area. Do not forget to process the cuts using a garden var for this.

How does it endure wintering

Magnolia cultivation in central Russia is carried out in almost the same way as in other regions. Be sure to cover the bush, even if it is frost-resistant. Spring frosts kill the buds, so future flowering will not occur at all.

Burlap is most suitable for shelter. It is necessary to wrap in several layers, without injuring the branches. The trunk circle is also wrapped in mulch, only this is carried out a little later, when the ground is slightly frozen. In the event that you rush to do this a little earlier, then there is a risk that mice will start in it.

Now that you know how to cover magnolia for the winter, you can be sure that no frosts will be terrible for her if you follow the wintering rules.

For many years it was believed that these representatives of the magnolia family were not disturbed by pests and ailments, but there are still problems that can be encountered when growing shrubs.

• If yellow spots appeared on the leaves, and their veins remained green, then this means that the plant was attacked by chlorosis. This is an indicator that the soil contains a lot of lime, in which the roots cannot grow, which leads to their death. Adding acidic peat or coniferous soil to the soil will correct the situation. Special ready-made products will also help regulate acidity.
• Excess nutrients is also harmful, as this will slow down the development and growth of the shrub. You can find out about such a problem by the drying edges of the leaves in the last days of July. To remedy the situation, you need to stop feeding and start watering the bush a little more.

With the onset of cold weather, rodents that feed on roots and root collars can attack. Finding out about such a problem is not easy, because for this you need to remove the top layer of soil. In order to get rid of pests, use a 1% solution of Fundazol.

To avoid problems in the future, you need to cover the near-trunk circle only after the soil freezes.

Reproduction methods

There are three various ways to propagate magnolia.

seed propagation

Seedlings that were collected on the territory of Ukraine or Vladivostok will take root best in central Russia, and grown seedlings will endure frosty days much better. Those seeds that are collected in the southern regions of acclimatization in the north are bad.

• Seedlings are not stored, so magnolia from seeds is grown at home immediately after they are collected in the autumn.
• Be sure to damage the seed coat a little, as it is too dense.
• Once you complete this procedure, get rid of the oily layer by washing them in soapy water and rinsing in clean water. After everything necessary actions completed, start sowing.
• You will need seedling boxes filled with an all-purpose substrate, where seeds are sown to a depth of about 3 cm.
• Take them to a dark, cool room where they will be stored until early spring.
• After the spring days come, you need to put the seedlings on the windowsill, not forgetting to periodically moisten the soil.

It will take about a year before the seedlings reach 45 cm. Magnolia tree description, which says that it should be dived after only a year. It is worth replanting in light soil, which contains peat. Remember the most favorable time for picking is autumn.

Layering as a method of reproduction

propagation by cuttings

For this purpose, you will need young shrubs that are no more than 2 years old, as they grow faster than older trees.

Stop your choice on the shoot, which is located the lowest. Without separating it from the plant, lay it in a prepared hole and cover it with earth. In order for it to surely take root, it is necessary to pinch the layers.

A year later, roots should appear on them, which are a sign of readiness for layering, which means they can be separated from the main shoot and planted in a container where it will grow until the period is right to plant it in open ground.

cuttings

This method is only used if you have a greenhouse with heated soil. If these conditions are not present, then the stalk will not take root. The most suitable time period for cuttings is mid-late June.

Why magnolia does not bloom long after planting

• Freezing.

The formation of buds, the flowering of which begins the next year, takes place in late summer and early autumn. This means that if the buds freeze, then flowering will not begin.

• Growing from seed.

You can become the owner of a flowering plant only a few years after planting. The first flowering comes from which variety you chose. It is worth choosing seedlings that have been propagated by grafting. They begin to bloom 2-4 years after planting. In the event that the bush has grown, but flowering has not begun, this means that you have acquired a tree grown from seeds. Such an instance will delight you with its flowers after 10 years.

• Improper care.

It prefers to grow in sunny areas protected from the winds. It is also necessary to apply fertilizers in a timely manner, which will help the buds to tie. Abundant watering is equally important for active growth and development. Dry autumn can cause insufficient moisture intake by the kidneys.

Use in landscape design

Magnolia is an unusual and beautiful tree, the flowering of which begins quite early and unexpectedly even for its owners. With its beauty, it adorns parks, alleys and other public recreation areas. But only its flowering begins very early, so only owners of the most beautiful shrubs can enjoy fragrant exotic flowers.

They will feel great in group plantings next to other plants that need similar care and growing conditions. There are varieties that develop well in slightly shaded areas. This is the reason that, next to the bushes, a green fern, and some evergreens covering the ground, can be quietly located. coniferous plants. The magnolia tree in Sochi on the Crimean peninsula feels good even in frequent estates without special care, since the soil is almost always wet and will not dry out.

Preparing for winter and pruning a magnolia tree video:

Magnolias for the middle lane

It seems that such a luxury as a blooming magnolia, could only be born in the Garden of Eden. Magnolia flowers impress the imagination and attract the attention of everyone, even the most indifferent to beauty.

The tree, completely strewn with flowers of the color of clouds or pink marshmallow, exuding a stunning aroma with a long honey plume, does not leave anyone indifferent: a rare plant can boast of such delicate and fragrant flowers.

Magnolias amaze with a variety of shapes and colors of flowers:

They are admired, but they are in no hurry to start. Or, having settled in the garden, they are surrounded by care, and then they are disappointed, without waiting for flowering. And all because mainly heat-loving varieties are imported to our market.

But not all magnolias are true southerners. Magnolia grows beautifully without shelter and blooms in such a not very southern city as Moscow (just come to the Botanical Garden of Moscow State University). And for many gardeners, magnolia is already growing and blooming for more than a year. True, we are not talking about large-flowered magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora), but about hybrids of lily-colored and star-shaped magnolia, which bloom no less spectacularly, but are more undersized and frost-resistant.

Magnolias grow well in botanical gardens Primorye, Novosibirsk, Kaliningrad, St. Petersburg, Moscow. Other collectors who settled in the middle lane, they show off in the gardens. So which ones are better to plant and how to care for them?

Applicants for northerners

Most magnolia species are evergreens. In our climate they are doomed. The choice will have to be made from deciduous. Let's make a reservation right away that even the most winter-hardy in a harsh winter can die flower buds. Abundant flowering occurs only after mild winters. As a rule, varietal magnolias bloom a little longer. natural species, but in any case, this show lasts a couple of weeks, rarely a little more.

Magnolia lovers note that the same species or variety grows and blooms somewhere without problems, and in the neighborhood, in identical conditions, is naughty for unknown reasons. So to draw conclusions, this or that magnolia is suitable for a particular site, it will be possible only empirically.

Magnolia kobus (Magnolia kobus)

Blooms in Moscow from the end of May. Frost hardy, the hardest of all East Asian species, tolerates frosts down to -34°C! mature plant winters without shelter, although at a young age it is afraid of frost. In seedlings, flowering occurs after 7 years, but sometimes you have to wait all 30 years. Vegetatively propagated plants begin to bloom after 10 years. Flowers with a diameter of up to 10 cm of a marvelous milky-white shade appear before the foliage is completely dissolved.

The central shoot of the seedling often freezes, therefore, for branching from the ground itself, this magnolia is often considered a bush. With age, winter hardiness increases.
Varieties: Rogov (Rogow), Donna (Donna).

Star magnolia (Magnolia stellata)

Bushes up to 3 m tall, covered with snow-white flower stars before the leaves open.

Very popular in Europe. In terms of winter hardiness, it is slightly inferior to magnolia kobus, but there is experience of successful cultivation in the conditions of the Moscow region. value and at the same time weakness of this species - early May flowering. It will fall in full bloom under the return frosts, and the beauty is gone. But if you are lucky with the weather, it will become the prima of the spring garden! Delicate and bright, Rosea has a truly Japanese beauty.

Varieties: Waterlily, Royal Star, Rosea.

Hybrid of magnolia star and lily flowers Susan (Susan)- one of the most elegant magnolias for the middle band.


This is one of the hybrids of lily-colored magnolia and stellate magnolia. And, perhaps, the most beautiful and popular. Susan's flowers are lily-shaped, large, dark crimson at the base, lighter at the ends.

The scent is not strong, but very pleasant. Magnolia Susan blooms for a long time and plentifully. Prefers sunny, sheltered locations and slightly acidic, fertile and permeable soils. Magnolia seedlings need shelter for the winter only in the first few years. Magnolia Susan is a valuable variety for small gardens.

Magnolia Loebner (Magnolia x loebneri)

This group are hybrids between kobus and stellate. The color of the flowers is from white to pink, the number of petals is from 11 to 52, the diameter of the flower is from 7 to 20 cm.

In terms of winter hardiness, it is not inferior to magnolia kobus.
Varieties: Leonard Messel, Merrill.

ON A NOTE
Gorgeously blooming Sulange magnolia (Magnolia soulangeana), or tulip - not for us, although it is often found on sale.

Some people manage to bring it to flowering, but this is already luck in a big way! And here are several promising varieties whose winter hardiness is being tested in the middle lane: Ann, Pinky, Randy, Jane, Elizabeth, Yellow River, Yellow Bird, Sansation, Sunspaer, Hot Flush, Gold Star, Butterfly, Daphne.

Some interesting facts:
Magnolia - ancient flowering plant, which appeared before bees, and the plant adapted to pollination with the help of beetles.

Japanese archaeologists on the island of Hokkaido discovered a petrified flower that bloomed 18 million years ago. Under a microscope, even the seeds of this plant, similar to one of the varieties of modern magnolia, are clearly visible. Biologists who have examined the rare find claim that this is the first known fossil flower from the Mesozoic era.

When the first magnolia was brought to Europe from America at the end of the 17th or the beginning of the 18th century, “magnolia fever” began, similar to “tulip fever” in Holland. Gardeners began to steal blooming trees each other and ship them to Holland in exchange for tulip bulbs.

Magnolia pointed (Magnolia acuminata), or cucumber tree, feels great in Moscow and St. Petersburg, where it blooms and even bears fruit! Her flowers are large, very showy, but ... green. For an amateur, as they say ...))

American magnolias have white or cream flowers. In Asia, magnolias grow, the flowers of which are pink or red, and they bloom when there are no leaves on the trees. One of the Asian magnolias grows on Kunashir, one of the islands of the Kuril chain. Its leaves are green above and bluish-white below, similar to letter paper, and were previously used instead of postcards.

Oversaturated with the aroma of an adult evergreen magnolia tree, the air can cause dizziness and even fainting.

From the leaves, flowers and young branches of magnolias, valuable essential oil. And in hot weather, the trees evaporate it in such quantity that it is worth bringing a lit match, as a violet flame flares up.

According to gardeners whose magnolia grows prettier from year to year, it is necessary to take into account 5 factors for the successful cultivation of a southern beauty. Her requirements are almost the same as those of our winter-hardy evergreen rhododendrons.

1. Magnolia needs a secluded and bright place that is protected from the dominant and especially northern winds, but at the same time quite bright and devoid of scorching summer rays at noon. Such protection can be provided by trees planted on the eastern and northern sides. Magnolia will also be cozy between buildings or on a southeast hill. European gardeners, experienced in growing magnolias, try to cover it from the sun on the east side in order to weaken the impact of spring frosts. And in the afternoon, let the magnolia bask in the sun, but not close to the south wall, where it will suffer from dry air.

2. Suitable soil. Magnolias will never overcome the obstacle in the form of saline, waterlogged or too dry soils. It tastes saturated with organic matter, moist enough, but without stagnant soil processes. Different types of magnolia require different levels of soil acidity, which must be taken into account when planting. The soil can be neutral, slightly acidic or acidic; magnolia does not tolerate lime.

3. Special landing pit. A big tree needs a big hole. It is dug with a diameter of at least 1 m, sufficient drainage is laid, a substrate is poured, consisting of peat, sand, leaf and sod land in a ratio of 4:1:1:1. The plant is planted to the level of the root collar, after which the trunk circle is mulched.

4. Shelter for the winter. Warming is required not only on the ground part, but also underground. So, the lower part is covered with various organic mulching materials, and the upper part is completely wrapped with lutrasil, burlap or non-woven materials. For successful wintering and protection against rodents in the first years, magnolia trunks are covered with spruce branches, burlap, wrapped with non-woven material with a density of 60 g / m2. Grown bushes or trees also need to be protected from the northern winds. And before winter, put supports under the splayed branches in advance.

5. Proper care. Frequent watering, regular mulching and sanitary pruning of shoots. It is not necessary to fertilize, with good preparation of the planting pit, but to increase growth rates from the third year, they still do not interfere organic fertilizers in the spring-summer period, introduced into the region of the near-trunk circle. Magnolia does not like dampness in the root zone and at the same time loves watering. It is better not to disturb the roots. Replace digging with mulching. Wood chips, pine bark, mowed grass will do. Let the mulch lie in the near-trunk circle all the time, protecting the roots from drying out in the summer, and from frost in the winter.

note

Varieties and types of magnolias in garden hypermarkets are often confused. More often regrading is observed in Polish planting material.

In a word, the southern beauty that will bloom in your garden will decorate it and fill it with new colors and smells. And believe me, this miracle will pay back all your efforts and cares about it!

Magnolia Susan

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(Magnolia Susan) - a hybrid of flowering plants from the genus Magnolia (Magnolia) of the family Magnoliaceae (Magnoliaceae). The hybrid was obtained from Magnolia liliiflora "Nigra" × Magnolia stellata "Rosea" in 1955-1956. At the US National Arboretum in Washington DC, botanist William F. Kosar and Dr. Francis de Vos. The variety went on sale in 1968. Included in the group ‘The Little Girl series’: ‘Ann’, ‘Betty’, ‘Jane’, ‘Judy’, ‘Pinkie’, ‘Randy’, ‘Ricki’. Plants in this series bloom 2-4 weeks later than (M. stellata) and (M. x soulangiana), which reduces the risk of flower damage from late spring frosts. The hybrid was awarded the Royal Horticultural Society (AGM) Award in 1993.

It is a deciduous vertically growing shrub or small tree 2.5-4 (6) m in height and width. Grows slowly. The crown is pyramidal when young, becoming rounded and dense later. The roots are fleshy, sensitive, located deep and on the surface. The bark is grey, smooth. Lives up to 50 years.

Leaves obovate or elliptical, 6-10 (15) cm long and 3-5 cm wide, dark green. Leaves turn yellowish-bronze in autumn.

The flowers are goblet or shaped, fragrant, growing vertically. Petals 6 in number, reach 9.5-12 cm in length and 3.5-4.5 cm in width, part of the petals is bent inward, purple at the base on the outside, the tips are lighter, violet-red to gray-purple. It blooms during the blooming of the leaves, for a long time, from the end of April to June.

The fruits are cone-shaped combined leaflets. Fruits in September.

Frost resistance zone: 6a (-25°C).

Location: the best place for landing is a sunny place, covered from the north and east winds. Relatively shade-tolerant. Moisture-loving, easily tolerates waterlogging. Demanding on air humidity. Needs watering during dry periods. It is recommended to mulch the trunk circle with peat, peat compost or wood chips 8-12 cm thick.

The soil: prefers acidic or neutral soil.

Landing: soil mixture - leaf humus, peat, sand in a ratio of 3:2:2. At the bottom of the pit, it is necessary to put drainage from crushed stone or coarse sand 15-20 cm thick. Transplantation should be carried out with caution, since thick and fleshy roots can be damaged very easily. It is recommended to buy plants with a closed root system and plant them in an open area in the spring.

Care: young plants for the winter require shelter with spruce branches or non-woven material, the stems are wrapped with burlap.

Reproduction: propagated by seeds, grafting and cuttings. Seeds after collection must be immediately sown in the ground or stratified in a cool room in the sand. Before sowing, it is recommended to grind the seeds with sand to remove the fleshy shell and rinse in water. Sowing is carried out in March-April in pick boxes, which are placed in a room with a temperature of + 15 + 18 ° C. After the appearance of 3 leaves, the seedlings dive into the beds. When propagated by seed, it blooms for the first time at 15 years.

Pests: Common spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), Transparent mite (Hemitarsonemus latus), field slug (Deroceras agrestis and Limax maximus), flail snail nemoralis (Cepaea nemoralis), grape snail (Helix pomatia), greenhouse striped aphid (Aulacorthum circumflexum or Neomyzus circumflexum) , Peach aphid (Myzus persicae), Rose thrips (Thrips fuscipennis, Haliday), Garden cutworm (Mamestra oleracea), Ivy scale insect (Aspidiotus hederae), Seaside mealybug (Pseudococcus maritimus), Eastern May beetle (Melolontha hippocastani), Western May beetle (M. melolontha).

Diseases: Bacterial leaf spot (Pseudomonas syringae), Plant rot (Pythium ultimum, Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani), powdery mildew(Erysiphe magnifica), Shoot death (Botrytis cinerea, Botryospheria sp.), Scab (Elsinoe magnoliae), Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), Black fungus, (Cladosporium sp.)

Application: It is used in single landings on the lawn, as well as in group plantings to create alleys, in urban gardening. It can also be used to create tall informal hedges.