In every house, the thing that unites absolutely all rooms, but does not equalize each other, is lighting. Without lighting fixtures modern world can no longer be dispensed with, because we do a lot of things around the house in the evening, when we natural light speech can no longer go on.

With the help of light sources in the house, you can create any atmosphere: from festive to romantic. And in this matter, there are certain subtleties in the design of lighting for each room in the apartment. You will learn about this and much more from our article.

Design options

Room lighting option

With the help of light, you can unrecognizably change the accents of any room in the apartment. It is possible to use different approaches and design solutions. For example, modern lighting in the home is increasingly focused on highlighting a specific area of ​​the room. This method is actively used today for zoning rooms.
In a modern apartment, lighting design and lighting can be designed in four versions:

• general or background lighting. In this situation, the central lamp, for example, a chandelier, acts as a lighting device. Here the light is diffused;
• local or local lighting. This method of illumination allows you to create additional illumination of a specific area. Interior objects act as an object of illumination in this situation;
• work lighting. This illumination can illuminate workplace. A feature of such lighting devices is a bright directional light. The human eye will act as the object of orientation here. This approach is most often found in the kitchen;
• decorative lighting. Used as local lighting decorative elements interior (vases, sculptures, niches, etc.).

To create lighting in the house, you can use the following types of lighting fixtures:

• chandelier. Always acts as a central light source. In a modern apartment, this lamp is increasingly being abandoned;
• Spotlights. It is they who have recently acted as a replacement for the chandelier. They can play the role of both main lighting and additional. Very often used in combination with LED strips;
• LED Strip Light. An excellent light source for creating hidden illumination. It is especially common in stretch and plasterboard ceilings.

Ceiling lighting

In addition, neon lamps, duralight, etc. can act as lighting fixtures. But these lamps at home are much less common than the above types.
In one room, you can use either one of the lighting options or a combination of several options. It all depends on what purpose each particular room in the house has, and what you most often do in it.

Illumination standards

Not everyone knows that each individual room in an apartment has its own lighting standards. It is on how well the lighting standards are implemented that your comfortable stay at home will depend.
In the norms given in the regulatory documents on lighting (SNiP), the following parameters are taken as the basis for calculations:

• power luminous flux;
• the number of lamps in the room;
• the area of ​​the illuminated room.

Illumination table

It is on the basis of these criteria that the illumination standards are calculated for each room in the apartment indicated in the table above.

Note! Experts on the subject have general rule on the organization of the level of light fluxes in the apartment. According to this rule, lighting devices with a total power of 60-75 kW should be used for every 5 m 2.

Using this simple formula, you can independently calculate the required level of illumination for each room available in the apartment.
In addition, there are some recommendations that can simplify these calculations:

• for one-room apartment, which has an area of ​​​​30-40 m2, you need to use no more than 8 lighting fixtures;
• for two-room apartment this indicator should be increased to 9 lamps;
• in three- and four-room apartments, as many as 11 lighting fixtures should be installed.

Sources of light

Lighting in a modern apartment can be arranged various types bulbs acting as a light source. At the moment, the following types of lamps are used:

• incandescent lamps;
• fluorescent lamps;
• light cords "duralight";
• LEDs;
• metal halide and halogen bulbs;
• optical fibres.

Bulb types

Each of the above options for light sources has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, incandescent lamps have become less and less common in modern homes. This is due to the popularity of rationalization and saving trends in many areas of human activity, and their electricity consumption remains at a sufficient high level, unlike more modern light sources. Therefore, even despite the positive characteristics of the luminous flux, incandescent lamps are gradually becoming a thing of the past.
The most popular options for decorating light in an apartment are energy-saving lamps. Of these, it is worth highlighting the LED and fluorescent options. They often occupy a place in modern lighting fixtures.
Fluorescent bulbs in some respects lose LED counterparts. Their loss is based on such negative points:

LED lamp

• create a hum during operation;
• the emitted light has a bluish glow, and it is not very comfortable for the human eye;
• the need to use additional devices for connection;
• the presence of a flickering effect;
• certain harm to human health.

All these shortcomings are almost completely absent in LED light bulbs.

Such light sources are recognized as the most energy efficient lamps with a long service life during continuous operation. In addition, they study the light of a different spectrum, which simplifies their selection for a specific room in the apartment. The LED lamp is great for creating general, local and work lighting.
In turn, metal halide and halogen light sources, due to the creation of a narrow beam of light, are used in modern apartments as zoned or decorative lighting. Duralight is also more suitable for decorative lighting of any room in the house.

Design rules

The design that is used today in modern houses and apartments is aimed at a certain degree of sophistication. Moreover, any element of the interior acquires pretentiousness and volume when complemented by its illumination. In the modern world, lighting has ceased to play a purely practical and functional role, but has entered the interior and has become an integral part of it.

Interior and lighting

The backlight in this case acts as an effective tool for correcting the unsuccessful geometry of the room, as well as visually shifting aspects to more advantageous interior elements.
When using any light sources in the design plan, you must remember the following nuances:

• bright light can visually expand the space available in the room. Thus, with just a couple of lamps, you can expand the space even in a small room without resorting to minimizing furniture;
• you can increase the effect of expanding space by using reflective materials when decorating walls and ceilings;
• if there is a need to visually reduce the space, then it should be darkened with less bright light sources and dark colors in the finish;
• a visual increase in the height of the walls will occur when the light is directed upwards with the help of a reflector;
• a visual reduction in the height of the walls can be achieved by using floor lampshades that form local shadows in the room.

But remember that the main aspect that will allow you to create a complete ensemble of furniture, lighting and decoration in any room of a house or apartment is a harmonious combination of all parts of the composition.

Harmony in everything

Indeed, when making interior decoration at home, remember that everything should complement and flow one into another. In order not to cause disharmony, for each room it is necessary to choose one style in design or combine complementary interiors. And the meeting in this situation can serve as the element that will unite all the objects and styles of decoration into a single whole.

Harmonious combination

Separately, it should be added that all the nuances of the design of the level of light listed above for each specific room must be taken into account. Only a slight deviation from the norm up or down is allowed. If you deviate from the accepted norms very far, then even in a beautifully designed interior it will be uncomfortable and unpleasant for a long time.
You can slightly increase the number of light bulbs and lighting fixtures in those rooms that are visited most often. But where you visit least often, you can install a smaller number of light bulbs and fixtures. So you can save more without compromising your comfort.

Conclusion

From the foregoing, we can conclude that the approach to the design of the interior of the house should be thought out in all directions. Modern lighting in the apartment should create comfortable conditions for rest and work, as well as a pleasant pastime with the family. With just a couple of lamps, you can visually change the perception of space in a room, making it deeper and more expressive. But everything should remain within the existing standards for illumination.

Making an original biofireplace on your own

When developing any design project, you need to think about techniques that can advantageously emphasize the advantages of the room and hide the flaws. And one of those effects is light. Thanks to the right lighting, you can create a certain atmosphere in every corner of the apartment.

In addition, it has long been known that light affects the emotional state of a person and vision, so you need to try to ensure that the lighting design of the room and the entire home as a whole is not only original, but also complies with all the rules, because health depends on it.

Another reason why you should first of all think about how the room will be lit is wiring. After all, it must be carried out even before the walls and ceiling are finished. When the repair is completed, it will be practically impossible to redo anything without breaking something.

Features of residential lighting

In his house, every person performs certain repetitive actions every day, and this is what makes it easy to develop an apartment lighting design.

And most often, people are at home in the morning, evening and at night, when a minimum of natural light enters the apartment, so artificial light must be positioned in such a way that all corners of the home are illuminated.

But there are subtleties here, because somewhere you need more light, somewhere less, and in some rooms it is necessary that in one part there is bright lighting, and in the other half darkness remains. To achieve proper lighting, you need to understand its types.

Types of lighting and their functions

There are several types of lighting and a huge number of light sources. But each person can easily determine what kind of light he needs in one or another part of the apartment.

You need to know the types of lighting mainly in order to explain to electrician sellers or workers who will do repairs, what should happen in the end.

So, in each living space there is general lighting, accent, working and combined. Some of these species have several subtypes.

General lighting features

The name of this type of lighting speaks for itself. Its function is to illuminate the room as a whole. Such light is in every apartment, regardless of interior design. An example of a source of such general light is a chandelier that hangs from the ceiling. It illuminates the entire room evenly at once.

General lighting is of several types:

• Most often seen directional general lighting. The light from the lamp in this case "flows out" in one spot. To achieve this effect, you need to purchase chandeliers with open shades, in shape they resemble a ball cut off on both sides. But sometimes there are other models: cone-shaped, in the form of a rectangle, and sometimes even in the form of a trapezoid.

It is better to use small lamps. As well as ways that will help. For example, highlighting the cornice, sconces on the wall, diffused light. You can enhance the effect of increasing the room with a mirror on the wall. Also, these techniques work better with light-colored wall finishes that reflect light well.

Photo: Instagram interior_project_studio

8 If you do not know which lamps to choose - choose spots

Spotlights today are used not only for lighting, but also for interior decoration. After all, they can be fixed on any surface - both horizontal and vertical.

9 Follow the latest fashion trends - choose LED lighting

One of the fashion trends in design is LEDs. They actually open up great opportunities for experiments with lighting and, moreover, are much more effective than conventional lighting fixtures. So, for example, LED-lamps help to save electricity, and differ long term service - up to 25 years. Another advantage for which living room designers love them is that they emit light that is as close to natural as possible.

10 Consider the psychological aspect

This is a really important factor when planning lighting in a home. The emotional state of a person is affected by the temperature of the lamps: “cold” or “warm”. It has been proven that the choice of temperature determines the perception of the interior of the room and affects the biorhythms of the people who are in it.

So, in the working area you need a cold light - it helps to concentrate. And in the bedroom, on the contrary, warm - it promotes relaxation.

11 Choose the right type of lamps

Our comparison table will help you make the right choice.

Lamp type	Description
Ordinary incandescent lamps	The most budgetary lamps, but do not work for a long time, the term reaches 1000 working hours. Install them in rooms where the light is not constantly on, such as in the hallway or bathroom.
Reflector lamps	This type of bulbs is screwed into wall spots, the service life reaches 30,000 - 40,000 hours.
Halogen lamps	These lamps contain halogen gas inside, due to which their power is higher than standard incandescent lamps.
Fluorescent lamps	They are also much more powerful than conventional light bulbs, but they give cold lighting and can make a crackling sound when working. Often used in non-residential premises, offices.
	Very economical lamps, have a pleasant light and last a long time, but are quite expensive.

And in this video, 7 more simple rules for good lighting are collected. You will need this information.

Lighting an apartment or house is very important point at the renovation design stage. The light will set the tone, emphasize the texture and zone the space. Lighting also affects mood. We will help you understand lighting issues in this article.

Basic lighting

The main lighting should give an even luminous flux over the entire area and may, in turn, consist of several lighting groups located, for example, at different levels. plasterboard ceiling. For this type of lighting, it is worth considering the direction of the light, its intensity and color rendering. For example, illumination should not cast shadows on your workplace or, conversely, dazzle, as well as create glare from shiny interior elements. In this case, it is desirable to combine lighting groups using lamps of different color rendering from warm light to cold lamps white glow. Such an organization will allow you to choose the lighting in the same room directly for your mood and goals, whether it is work for desk or rest on the sofa with a cup of tea in hand.

decorative lighting

Illumination no longer carries in itself only the function of a substitute for sunlight in the dark. Lighting can successfully focus on certain elements of the interior. Decorative light makes your room unique and adds variety to your landscaping. The tasks of decorative lighting are local.

Visual increase in space

In a small room with an excellent repair, it can be uncomfortable. When repairing small apartments, in addition to organizing an ergonomic interior, it is worth considering correct location light sources. Techniques such as the use of large windows, the use of mirrors, and compact furniture, along with properly designed artificial lighting, will visually enlarge the space in the room. So, for example, setting spotlights along the wall will deepen the room by reflecting light. All dark corners should also be illuminated. Use lighting for cornices, cabinets and niches. Too many or too few ceiling lighting elements is bad. Look for the golden mean and do not get too large and colorful lamps. Healthy minimalism - best friend free space.

Emphasis on interior items

Do you have a beautiful painting and want your guests to appreciate it? Why not. Decorative light can highlight certain interior items and emphasize their dignity. Lamps in this case should have a directional light. The intensity of the light flux should be close to natural sunlight. For illumination, LED strips built into the wall or ceiling can also be used. Light up a niche in the wall, an exotic flower or a large aquarium, and your guests will be delighted with the design of your apartment. But do not forget that lighting devices are still not eternal and you should take care of the further replacement of light bulbs or diodes without laborious dismantling of the structure.

Dividing the room into zones

apartment for modern man is not only a place to relax. Proper zoning of space will help make the room both comfortable and functional. There can be several reasons for zoning:

1. Separation of functional space. For example, combining a dining room and a recreation area in one room.
2. The selection of a thematic corner in the room. Designation of the library space in the living room.
3. The division of space into zones in order to visually increase or decrease the room.

A light installed in an arch or partition will visually divide the room. The different direction of the light flux to the areas of the room will also help in zoning. In each of the zones, use lighting of different colors, as well as lamps of various designs.

Color therapy in lighting

Even the ancient Egyptians talked about the healing effect of color on the human body. Color affects the mood and performance of a person, which is why color therapy is now so popular in modern design. For example, Blue colour symbolizes eternity and heaven among many peoples. Scientists believe that the color blue improves concentration and attention, allowing a person to stay awake longer. Blue tones of decorative lighting are well suited for a home office or office.

Green, in turn, symbolizes grass and youth. A place to relax, painted in green tones, will allow a person to relax and unwind. It's believed that green color increases fertility, so it will be an excellent choice for the bedroom.

The combination of lighting and design ideas in the arrangement of an apartment, house or office can only be limited by your imagination, but you should not overdo it with the number of elements or colors decorative light, otherwise you risk getting not a cozy place, but a Christmas garland around you.

Wiring is done at a very early stage of repair. Experts advise to adhere to the following rules and sequence:

1. Before installing the wire, you should draw up a lighting project and mark the places for future cable laying on the walls.
2. Conductive wires must be laid strictly vertically or horizontally. Turns are formed at right angles.
3. Approximately the same distance from the wiring to the floors should be adhered to, doorways and windows, but not less than 100 mm.
4. Circuit breakers on the inlet shield must distribute the load evenly. For example, split the load by room or by lighting/power consumers. Consider the current load for each group separately.
5. Remember that the phase must be broken by a switch.
6. The cross section of the wire should be chosen based on the power consumption of the lighting. A wire with a cross section of 1 mm 2 is designed for a load of 11 amperes, and a 100-watt incandescent bulb consumes approximately 0.45 amperes.
7. Installation should be done carefully. In places where the wires come into contact in the wall, it is desirable to lay additional insulation, reinforce the wires when they are connected to the lighting fixtures using insulating tubes. All twists must be of high quality and well insulated. It is better to use soldering or special terminal connectors.
8. Always check product quality and never skimp on wiring accessories.

There are certain standards for the main lighting of premises, based on their size.

Creating a comfortable cozy home, we must not forget about lighting. After all, we create it not only to illuminate the room or the surrounding area. It is also important to create a mood at home.

Proper lighting in the house

Properly selected light tends to change the mood, create an intimate or work environment, soothe or, conversely, serve as an irritant. Interior lighting is selected depending on the functionality of the room. We always want to create harmony in the house or office.

In addition to functionality, light can also perform decorative function. By correctly placing lamps, sconces, floor lamps and choosing the brightness and color of lighting, you can significantly change interior view at home. Then lighting becomes one of the most important components of the interior, turning into decoration. Decorative lighting will help hide imperfections, create the illusion of a play of light with shadow, thereby emphasizing the dignity of the room.

Comfort and mood depend on the light in the house

Each room in the house has its own function., because the interior for it is selected depending on the purpose. Also, lighting should be selected individually for each room of the apartment or cottage. When it comes to holding holidays and receiving guests, we must take care of very good lighting. The color for them is better to choose in the yellow-red range. And, for example, cold light will look more successful for a bedroom. Also for the rest room it is better to choose cold bluish shades. It's good for relaxing and getting you to sleep. As for the yellow-red tones, they, on the contrary, irritate, prompting vigorous activity. The rest of the rooms in the house, which do not involve regular rest and sleep, should preferably be illuminated with warm tones.

One of the design tips for choosing lighting is that the lighting in different rooms of the house should have different intensity. In addition to the selection of fixtures, their location and color, light intensity becomes an important component of the correct approach to solving this issue. Not only the mood of the guests and owners of the house depends on this characteristic, but also the aesthetic appearance of the home. Therefore, just choosing the lamp you like will not be enough.

Light in the kitchen

Creating lighting in the kitchen, it is necessary to calculate the illumination of different areas of the room. So, we try to make the lighting of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe working area the most intense, which includes the area near the stove, desktop and sink. This is achieved by arranging lamps at different levels.

Light in the living room

The living room, as a rule, is used for the purpose of receiving guests, so the lighting here needs to be created of a different kind. Although it is also possible to arrange light sources at different levels, and at the same time provide for different light intensities in different fixtures. Then this process will become multifunctional. It can be used both for receiving guests and for weekdays.

light in the hallway

Other areas of the house, such as an office, bedroom, nursery or hallway, also need a special selection of lighting specifically for their functionality. Let's say the hallway should always be in a warm bright version, which helps to set the guests in a positive mood. The dim lighting of this room in the house becomes common mistake in the interior. It is better to place the lamps in such a way that the area near the mirror is well lit, but the stream of light does not fall directly into the face of the person looking in the mirror.

Light in the bedroom

The bedroom has diffused light. In this special room it is better not to use bright central light at all. Given that the purpose of the bedroom is relaxation, the light in it should contribute to relaxation and tranquility. Proper selection and placement of spotlights, such as sconces on the wall, a floor lamp by the bed, or a night lamp on the bedside table, will help create targeted light, for example, for reading before bedtime. It is also necessary to increase the brightness of the lighting in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe mirror and cabinet. The color solution for the night light will help create not only comfort in the bedroom, but also a certain mystery.

Light in the nursery

Children's room, as a rule, should be well lit by natural daylight. But this circumstance should not interfere with the creation of correct lighting by artificial light sources. If parents take care and think over this issue, then the lighting in the children's room will be the key to peace and good sleep for the baby. A great option for a child's room can be bright lighting, but use frosted lamps for it. Directional bright light can cause eye irritation and visual impairment in a child.

Light in the workplace (study, home office)

Often in the house we arrange an office. It is clear that here it is very important to take care of choosing the right lighting. After all, this room differs from all the others in its functionality. Creating decorative light in it is not entirely appropriate. To maintain the atmosphere of the working environment, lighting can be created by zones. So, desk lamp maintains a working mood, but you need to remember that it can tire your eyes.

Light in the house - photo

Creating harmonious lighting at home is not always simple and easy. Therefore, for the successful placement of accents on the shape of light and its color, it is better to seek help from designers. Their professional approach will help maintain a functional and harmonious home environment.