Gymnastic exercises for children. Physical exercise for children

It is important to start early childhood. A sedentary lifestyle associated with a long learning process and passion computer games leading to curvature of the spine. Incorrect posture caused by problems with the spinal column will also negatively affect the healthy development of internal organs. Regular exercise therapy for children is a chance to avoid the development of serious diseases or correct existing health problems.

Exercise therapy for violation of posture

Posture is the ability of the human body to control its position in space, which is influenced by the action of external forces. This definition is true for a static posture and body position during movement.

At certain periods in the life of children (6-7, 13-15 years old), accelerated growth of bone mass begins, internal organs intensively increase in size. If by this time their muscle tissue is “not prepared”, then the spine remains without “support”. It is vulnerable to the development of pathological changes, the formation of irregular bends. With such disorders in children, the range during breathing decreases, malfunctions in the digestive tract, heart and blood vessels begin. The development of myopia is observed.

To avoid such dangerous consequences, the child must regularly develop muscle mass. Starting from 5-6 years old, children aimed at the prevention of problems with the spine. If pathological changes have already begun, exercise therapy for children with impaired posture will come to the rescue.

The sooner classes begin, the easier it is to correct your posture.

Exercise therapy consists of a set of therapeutic exercises that perform the following tasks:

Train the muscles and ligaments of the back (used for prophylactic purposes);
Correct (used for identified posture defects).

Use posture exercises designed for children for the following purposes:

Strengthen muscle tissue so as to achieve the correct symmetry;
Develop the function of motor activity;
Stimulate proper metabolism, heart and lung function;
Stabilize the emotional background;
Eliminate a slight degree of deformation;
Stop the progression of complex forms.

Physical therapy classes in violation of posture in children of preschool and school age are carried out from 2 to 4 times a week for 2-3 months. Then a break of 1 month is taken and training is resumed. To achieve an effective result, the child must go through 4 such “approaches”, and each time the set of exercises is complicated.

Contraindications

Diseases caused by acute inflammatory processes;
Viral or infectious pathologies that cause elevated body temperature;
severe joint or muscle pain;
progressive scoliosis.

After the diseases have been eliminated, you can start exercising.

Preparatory stage

Despite the fact that exercise therapy is necessary for children, most of them are in no hurry to perform the necessary exercises. In this case, adults should come to their aid. Proper motivation and control are important components of the success of classes.

They prepare for classes after the doctor determines the type of posture disorder and excludes possible contraindications. Regardless of which set of exercises for violation of posture for children is determined by doctors, you need to prepare for them:

Eating should be done no earlier than 2 hours before class. Give preference to foods containing complex carbohydrates.
Always have drinking water with you.
Ventilate the room before training.
Work out in loose-fitting sportswear so that it does not hamper movement.

Initially, classes are held in specially equipped rooms under the guidance of an instructor. Then, if the state of health and general well-being of the child allows, you can continue training at home.

Before classes, children are explained the rules of exercise at exercise therapy.

You can not skip workouts without a good reason, reduce or increase their duration;
During the exercise, be sure to monitor the correct breathing;
Perform all movements slowly, without jerks;
In case of pain and discomfort, inform the instructor;
If you feel unwell on the day of classes, then they need to be canceled.

Like all physical education classes, therapeutic exercises are performed in the following sequence:

Warm up;
Basic exercises;

Posture Correction Exercises

Here are examples of basic exercises for children of different ages.

Warm up

Exercise 1

Classes begin with a warm-up. It should “prepare” the muscles and ligaments for subsequent loads, “warm up” them. For children 7 years old, you can start charging with such an exercise.

Starting position (I.p.) - we stand straight with our hands down;
During a deep breath, we slowly stand on our toes and raise our hands up;
We pull our hands up, trying to "reach the ceiling";
We return to the starting position, exhale.

For the correct "warm-up" you need 10 approaches.

Exercise 2

The following exercise is aimed at warming up the muscles of the arms and neck:

I.p. - standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms lowered along the body;
Raise your shoulders in turn 5 times each;
We do swings with the right hand 5 times;
We do swings with the left hand 5 times;
Circle with the right hand along the body 5 times in a circular motion;
We repeat this movement with the left hand 5 times;
We make circular movements with both hands at the same time 5 times;
We return to I.p.

Exercise 3

Children 10 years old will be able to perform this exercise, intensively “kneading” the muscle and joint tissue:

I.p. - stand with legs wide apart, hands down along the body;
Walking in place with high knees for 2 minutes;
Return to starting position;
Jump on the right foot 5 times;
Jump on the left leg 5 times;
Jump on two legs 5 times;
Jump, turning 180 degrees, 5 times;
Return to starting position;

Basic exercises

Exercise 1

I.p. - stand with legs wide apart and arms bent at the elbows;
A gymnastic stick is placed on the back, holding it with the elbows;
We bend forward, keeping our back straight;
We return to I.p.

Exercise 2

I.p. - standing, legs wide apart and arms bent at the elbows;
We hold the gymnastic stick behind the back near the shoulders;
Slowly raise your hands with a fixed stick up;
We return to the starting position.

Exercise 3

I.p. - lying on the stomach, with arms and legs straightened in line with the body;
As you exhale, slowly raise your legs as high as possible;
We return to I.p.

Exercise 4

I.p. - standing on all fours, focusing on your knees;
Inhale and lower your buttocks to your feet;
Exhale and stretch your whole body forward, slowly arching your back;

In children 4-5 years old, imaginative thinking is developed, they can concentrate their attention longer. That's why, physical education for children 4-5 years old can be extended up to 15 minutes.
At this age, posture is practically formed, but intensive growth and development of motor skills continues. Children 4-5 years old know how to catch the ball, master jumping on one leg and jumping over an obstacle. Gymnastic exercises should strengthen all muscle groups, develop flexibility and coordination.
For the harmonious development of children 4-5 years old, gymnastic exercises can be combined with outdoor games and swimming. At this age, regular sports can be started: skiing, swimming, figure skating, dancing, rhythmic gymnastics.
Children 4-5 years old like to do gymnastic exercises with mom and dad. This brings together small and adult family members.

Breathing gymnastic exercises for children 4-5 years old

When exercising for children of this age, it is important to perform breathing exercises at the beginning and at the end of the lesson, repeating after every 2-3 exercises.

Sunflower exercise
Starting position: standing, arms along the body.
At the expense of 1 ─ arms up, right leg back ─ on the toe, inhale;
, exhale;
3 ─ arms up, left leg back - on the toe, inhale;
, exhale
Repeat this exercise 2-3 times.

Exercise "width-height"
Starting position: standing, arms lowered, feet shoulder-width apart.
At the expense of 1-2 ─ hands ─ to the sides, inhale;
3-4 - return to the starting position, exhale;
5-6 ─ hands - up, inhale;
7-8 ─ return to starting position, exhale

Gymnastic exercises for the hands of children 4-5 years old

Coil exercise

At the expense of 1-4 ─ we rotate the brushes forward;
5-8 ─ back

Wheel exercise
Starting position: standing, arms to the sides.
At the expense of 1-4 ─ we rotate our hands forward;
5-8 ─ back
Repeat this exercise 1-2 times.

Exercise "scissors"
Starting position: standing, hands ─ forward.
At the expense of 1-4 ─ cross straightened arms.
Repeat this exercise 5-7 times.

Exercise "strongmen"
Starting position: standing, hands ─ to the shoulders.
On account 1 ─ bring your elbows forward, clench your fists tightly;
2 ─ return to starting position

To strengthen the hands of children 4-5 years old, gymnastic exercises with a soft expander, ball games and sports are also suitable.

Gymnastic exercises for the back of children 4-5 years old

Exercise "Who's there?"
Starting position: standing, hands on the belt, feet shoulder width apart.
On account 1 ─ turn your head to the right;
3 ─ turn your head to the left;
4 ─ return to starting position
Repeat this exercise 5 times

Exercise "pendulum"
Starting position: standing, hands on the waist, feet shoulder-width apart.
On account 1 ─ tilt the body to the left;
2 ─ return to the starting position;
3 ─ torso tilt to the right;
4 ─ return to starting position
Repeat this exercise 5 times.

Exercises for posture and sports will help strengthen the back muscles of children 4-5 years old.

Gymnastic exercises for the legs of children 4-5 years old

Step by step exercise
Starting position: standing.
Walking with drill step 30 s

Exercise "Fidget"

10 s ─ walking, hands up;
10 s ─ walking, arms to the sides;
10 s ─ walking, hands down
Repeat this exercise 2-3 times.

Squat exercise
Starting position: standing, hands down.
At the expense of 1 ─ sit down, arms ─ forward, back straight, heels do not tear off the floor;
2 ─ return to starting position

upra zhenie "jumping"
Starting position: standing, hands on the belt.
Jumping on the right leg 2-3 times;
then on the left.

Exercises for the feet, outdoor games and sports will help strengthen the muscles of the legs of children 4-5 years old.

Gymnastic exercises for the development of flexibility in children 4-5 years old

Exercise "tilts to the floor"
Starting position: standing, feet shoulder-width apart.
At the expense of 1-2 - tilt, try to touch the toe of the right foot;
Don't bend your legs!
3-4 ─ return to the starting position;
5-6 ─ tilt, try to touch the toe of the right foot;
7-8 ─ return to starting position

Exercise "stretch-stretch"
You will need a gym mat for this exercise.
Starting position: sitting, legs wider than shoulders.
At the expense of 1-2 - stretch to the toe of the right foot;
Don't bend your legs!
3-4 - return to the starting position;
5-6 - stretch to the toe of the left leg;
7-8 - return to starting position
Repeat this exercise 3-5 times.

Sports (rhythmic gymnastics, dancing, swimming) will help develop flexibility in children 4-5 years old.

Gymnastic exercises for the development of coordination in children 4-5 years old

Exercise "skiers"
Starting position: standing.
At the expense of 1-4 - on the spot, imitate skiing.
Repeat this exercise 3-4 times.

Up and down exercise
Starting position: standing hands - forward.
On account 1 - right hand - up, left - down;
2 - vice versa
Repeat this exercise 6-8 times.

For the development of coordination in children 4-5 years old, exercises “fidget”, “jumps”, outdoor games with a ball and sports are also suitable.

Gymnastics class for children of all ages

The OGO Gymnastics Trampoline Club has classes for all ages. AT junior group children from 1.5 years old are trained.

Gymnastics classes for kids are held in game form to make it easier for children to absorb new information. Since one of the parents is also present at the training, the child does not experience much stress from the new environment and adapts much faster.

For older children, during training, the element of the game is retained, but much more attention is paid to discipline and the correct execution of exercises. Coaches teach children to make efforts on themselves, encourage their efforts and do not allow them to be lazy during training.

A wide variety of tasks and changing equipment during training turns the lesson into a sports quest. The child does not feel tired. He is interested in training and is looking forward to new tasks from the coach. And the finale of each workout - jumping into the foam pit - is the most favorite entertainment even for adults.

As a result of such training, children not only improve their motor skills, physical skills and coordination, but also learn to try, concentrate on the coach's tasks and work in a team.

Opportunity to get a sports category

The OGO Gymnastic Trampoline Club is a member of the Moscow Trampoline Sports Federation, which allows athletes who want to develop and conquer new horizons to participate in competitions for MSFPB prizes and receive sports categories.

Highly qualified coaching staff

Our club employs attentive and professional trainers who can find an approach to any child, develop an individual training program and even help overcome certain psychological barriers. All of them not only have extensive teaching experience, but also have one or even several sports titles.

Our club also has trainers who specialize in classes with children with special needs. These trainers have received special training in order to be able to work with such children.

Modern equipment

The gym at the OGO Gymnastic Trampoline Center is equipped with new professional equipment from Akrosport, a company that was engaged in equipping trampolines and other equipment for the Russian, European and world trampoline championships. All products have been repeatedly tested by professionals and have all the appropriate certificates.

For the youngest athletes, the club has a special children's area equipped with equipment that helps to make training not only productive, but also fun. Adult jumpers will also find something to do on 6 trampolines of varying degrees of tension and a special trampoline track. For the most advanced, the club has a double mini tramp. In addition to trampolines, the large gymnasium has an acrobatic area with an inflatable track and a soft landing area, as well as a gymnastic area with rings, parallel bars, crossbars and a balance beam. The club has everything you need not only for sports fans, but also for professionals preparing for serious competitions.

Various forms of training

OGO Gymnastics Trampoline Club has several options for attending classes: group classes on a set schedule, individual lessons with a trainer at a scheduled time, and family workouts.

Convenient location

Our club is located in the center of Moscow on the Taras Shevchenko embankment on the territory of the Badaevsky Brewery. Parking for club members is free on the territory of the plant.

Learn more about tuition fees

It is necessary to carry out exercises with children from the moment when they have mastered the skill of walking well, and gradually extend the training. By laying the foundations of health in childhood, you can deprive the child of problems in the future, strengthening his body and encouraging him to do the right thing. Morning exercises should be carried out in accordance with all the rules, for which you can not do without properly selected exercises, which will differ for each age.

Peculiarities

Charging for children of any age is very important, especially if it is carried out systematically, with the help and support of parents. Gymnastics should include light exercises that will help the baby wake up. It is usually recommended to introduce this kind of physical activity from the age of two, when the child already walks well and has sufficient coordination of movements to perform the simplest tasks together with the parent. Children's gymnastics should include elements of the game, be fun and exciting, so that the baby himself wishes to participate in it.

Gymnastic exercises should be given carefully, making sure that the child can do everything painlessly and without much difficulty. For kids, it is important to give feasible tasks, always dressed in a playful form. Interesting and funny game will allow you to complete all the tasks quickly, and at the same time not very tired. It is very important that classes with the child take place regularly, which primarily depends on the parents. You need to try to mobilize the whole family so that the baby always has help, support and an additional role model.

Doing morning exercises with kids preschool age, in addition to game tasks, it is worth giving physical exercises in different positions: standing on your feet, sitting on the floor, lying on the floor. After active games and a warm-up complex, you can give the children a little rest, for which ground gymnastics is well suited. If signs of boredom appear, it is worth changing the type of activity. Rhythmic gymnastics in this case will help to switch the child from one type of activity to another, while helping to master the skills of music and dance.

The health-improving orientation of morning exercises is primarily focused on keeping the child's body in an active state all the time, this is especially true for sedentary children. With a lack of movement, a large number of diseases can develop that go away with regular exercise with the child. In case of any problems, there are special complexes designed for the problematic aspects of the baby's health. There are exercises designed to prevent flat feet, scoliosis, obesity, and other common problems.

Parents should clearly understand what they are dealing with, as well as know the full picture of their child's health in order to choose the right set of exercises. If the child does not want to do exercises, in no case should you force him - this will only increase rejection. In any business, you need to find the right approach, because every kid has his favorite cartoon characters, and almost every one of them has songs or even a video recording of a charging complex with the participation of children of a similar age. If the parent's personal example did not inspire the child, you can try to use his interests - this almost always works.

For morning exercises, it is worth highlighting a specific room or part of it, where there will be enough space to move, there will be no dangerous, fragile or loose objects. It is necessary to prepare the inventory that will be useful in the work, and skillfully use it. At home, it is not always possible to carry out a full range of exercises due to neighbors below, so you can do exercises on the street, where nothing will interfere.

Daily training will allow parents and children to be in excellent physical shape, start the day in a good mood and successfully continue it until the evening, being cheerful and cheerful.

Physical education by age

Almost everyone knows that doing exercises is useful, but not everyone knows what is the peculiarity of working with children of different ages. For young children, a special set of exercises is selected, there is a pace and load, depending on age, the duration of charging is regulated. Direct gymnastics will be carried out with children after a year, closer to two, but babies from three to four months can also be physically developed - even if the pediatrician did not recommend massage sessions, he definitely will not be superfluous.

Preventive massage for babies comes down to stroking, which helps to speed up blood flow and saturate the body. useful substances. In order for the baby to get more pleasure from such activities, he should read poems or sing songs. The mother's voice will soothe the baby and make the massage more comfortable. When the baby gets used to such an impact on the part of the mother, it is worth moving on to more active elements, where you will need to bend and unbend the arms and legs. This will be the first basics of gymnastics for the baby.

Additional elements that can be used at this age will be a fitball and a massage mat. With the help of the ball, you can roll the child on his back and stomach, back and forth, from side to side. This helps to develop the vestibular apparatus and alternately relax and tense certain muscles. Before starting gymnastics with such a small child, you need to consult a pediatrician and masseur to get the most complete set of knowledge that will help in the development of the crumbs.

As soon as the child is one year old, his activity becomes many times higher, so it is important to take action. Active games are included in the exercises for the baby, where you need to do something, bring, serve, find and fold. By the age of two or three, the development of the child in all areas is significantly improved, and now you can start a full-fledged set of training with him.

At this age, children begin to go to kindergarten, where morning exercises become a habit for them, so parents should do the same at home.

AT kindergarten there are experts who know exactly what and how much to give to children of a certain age, so the mother can consult with them about the most important and necessary exercises that should be given at home. For beginners, it is important to clearly regulate the charging time. The first lessons last no more than three minutes, and after their duration reaches five. Children over three years old can already master more complex complexes, therefore, for the average age group other exercises are included.

For preschoolers at 4-5 years old, the duration of the exercise can be up to eight minutes, which should include sports exercises for coordination and flexibility, as well as role-playing games, at the end, emphasis is placed on stretching and relaxing the body. Children who are preparing to enter the first grade, at the age of 6-7 years, should easily withstand morning exercises from 10 to 12 minutes, while performing more complex tasks that already include simple strength exercises, the agility complex is also included in the mandatory program, speed, coordination and flexibility.

Children who entered the first grade should not violate their usual daily routine, instilled in the kindergarten, so it is important to leave classes in the morning. A grown and strengthened body is able to withstand a workout of 10-15 minutes, while it will be mostly aimed at working the muscles of the whole body, practically excluding games. So that the child does not stagnate in place and he always has an interest and desire to do exercises, it is worth including elements from other types of sports activities in it:

yoga;
fitness;
trampolining;
lessons in the pool.

Well, you can diversify your workout with the help of sports equipment:

practice on rings or with a rope;
do a set of exercises with a stick or a hoop;
work on the Swedish wall.

Properly selected exercises, musical accompaniment and equipment will allow you to maintain a child’s interest in activities for a long time and help him grow up healthy and active.

A set of exercises for preschool children

Complex for children early age should include a set of simple, but necessary for the full development of exercises that can be carried out in a playful way. These include the following exercises.

Podyazhushki. A series of 4 exercises is performed. From the main stance (legs apart, arms down), you must first rise on your toes and stretch your arms up, then lower yourself into the main stance. The second stage - legs in the same position, the right hand is placed on the belt, and the left hand needs to stretch to the right, and then return to the main stance. Then the second stage is performed the other way around - the left hand is on the belt, the right hand is stretched to the left, return to the main stance. Finally - the legs are in the same position, the torso tilts down from touching the floor with your hands, at the bottom you need to relax and slowly rise up, taking a breath.

Squats. The basic position looks like this: legs apart, hands on the belt. First, a squat is performed, bend your legs to an angle of 90 degrees and stretch your arms forward, then return to the main position. The body leans forward slightly during the squat, while it is important to straighten your shoulders so that your back is even, your heels do not come off the floor. You can do the exercise in pairs, using the ball, which the children will pass to each other during the squat.

We pedal. Basic position: lie on the mat with your back, arms along the body, legs up. The task is to simulate cycling, when the legs pedal forward and then in the opposite direction. You can try to make scissors by crossing legs alternately even at the knees.

At this age, it is already necessary to begin to carry out exercises for balance and coordination.

Walking on a low bench or makeshift structure of this type, stable and safe for the child. It is necessary to go from beginning to end without jumping off the hill.
Stepping over objects. You can lay out in a row from 3 to 5 objects at a short distance and ask the child to walk along the path, stepping over everything that lies in front of him, without catching or turning over a single object. Instead of toys, you can pull a rope or hold a stick at a low height, over which the child must step over several times back and forth.

At this age, you can give simple exercises for the press in the form of raising and lowering the legs, lying on the floor: the right and left alternately and two legs together.

For preschool children, it is important to have fun and active time, so throughout the lesson there should be musical accompaniment that the child will like.

In addition to sports exercises, it is important to give everyone the opportunity to play together, which will help the game of a train, where children perform different tasks, holding on to each other and moving in a certain direction.

Charging for younger students

Children who have just come to school must cope with new physical and psychological stresses for themselves, therefore the charging complex should be based on the changes that have entered the child's life. Therefore, an encouraging warm-up every morning will help the student wake up faster and prepare for the coming day, be more attentive and successful at school. The task of parents in this situation is the same as before - to help the child adapt to the new environment and teach the techniques that he will need, giving drill and relaxation exercises. In order for the morning workout complex to be as complete and effective as possible, it should include the following elements.

Neck warm-up, side bends, back and forth, half circle and full circle in each direction. All movements are performed at a calm pace, without jerks. The optimal length of time will be 1-2 minutes.
Warm up shoulder girdle. Raising and lowering the shoulders, first work alternately with the right and left shoulder, then with both at the same time. Then perform circular movements alternately with each hand, then two together, forward and backward.

Hand warm-up. The position of the hands is opposite - one at the top, the second at the bottom, the change of position occurs at an average pace. It is important to invest as much as possible, stretching well up with one hand, and also reaching down with the other.
Work on the muscles of the back and the press. Tilt the torso alternately back and forth, as well as to the right and left, then draw a circle with the body clockwise and against it. You can also raise your hands up, connecting them into a lock, and lean to the sides, exercising slowly, up to the maximum level of inclination.

Change of activity - footwork. Performing jumps: on the right foot 5 times, then the same number on the left, and complete the same number on two legs, lifting the feet off the floor at the same time.
Squats. For this age, 10 squats will be enough. It is important to look after the correct execution of the task, the position of the heels and back.

Strength exercises - push-ups. For primary school age, it is better to give to all children, regardless of gender, as this is a general developmental exercise that is useful to everyone. The minimum number will be 3 times, the maximum - 5 or more, if desired.
Bridge. It is performed from a supine position by placing the hands near the head, and the legs not far from the buttocks, after which you need to raise the torso up. When the bridge turns out consistently well, you can try to make it from a standing position, with the help of a support: a Swedish ladder or a wall, along which you can both go down to the floor and get up from it.

By the end of charging, you need to spend complex aimed at flexibility, such a stretch will include tilting from a sitting position on the floor with legs apart to the right and left limbs alternately. You can add a forward tilt, where the elbows are immediately placed, and then even arms stretch as far forward as possible.
You need to finish charging with calm exercises, for which it is suitable warming up the hands and feet. With help rotational movements you need to stretch your arms and legs, thereby calming the body, bringing the heartbeat back to normal and fully recovering after charging.

If a morning work-out has become commonplace for the child, it is important to encourage him for the right impulses. If you have a large family or friends who also encourage morning exercises, you can hold a flash mob, in which ordinary passers-by will definitely take part - it is only important to organize such an event in a relatively crowded place. Joint work with the child and understanding of his desires will give an excellent result when classes in the morning become a small family tradition.

When choosing a set of exercises, it is worth considering the sports equipment that is at home. Boys will be happy to include a set of exercises with dumbbells in their exercises, and girls will like fitness elements that use a step platform, expander or fitball. You can buy everything you need in any large supermarket, without spending a lot of money, but getting an excellent result in the form of good health for your child.

In order for parents to benefit from charging, it is worth carrying out morning complex with a child, and evening - separately for yourself, where to include more complex exercises. In the evening, it is better to assign a schoolboy to the sports section, where he will receive new skills and abilities, as well as improve the old ones, then soon he will be able to please his parents with his successes. Playing sports will only contribute to morning exercises, which, in turn, will help the child feel better throughout the day.

Thus, to be healthy, at any age you need to do exercises. For children, it is the most important and necessary, therefore, parents should put all their efforts into providing the child with everything necessary, and most importantly, with their attention and participation in the process. You can find a suitable complex on the Internet, read it in books about the physical education of children of different ages, or come up with it yourself, taking into account the characteristics of your child’s character, his age, level of physical development and state of health.

Such care for the younger generation will not go in vain, and a healthy child who has matured will definitely thank for the attention that his relatives paid to him in order to make him a healthy and full-fledged member of society.

A set of exercises for the correct posture of schoolchildren, see the following video.

Gymnastics is important for a child of any age, as it hardens the body, strengthens the muscles of the body, and promotes the development of coordination of movements. When the baby is two or three years old, you can begin to accustom him to daily gymnastic exercises. Different sets of exercises have been developed for children of different ages. How older child, the more complex exercises he is invited to perform. The smallest children will be interested in activities in the form of a game with a teacher or parent. An older child can do the exercises on their own, following the instructions of the elders. After 5 years, the child can be taken to the sports section. At this age, you can do gymnastics or rhythmic gymnastics, swimming, karate, dancing, figure skating or other sports that your baby will like.

What you need to know before starting gymnastics

It is best to do gymnastics and exercises for children in the fresh air. This will allow the child's body to be better saturated with oxygen. If this is not possible or if the weather is bad, for example, rain, then it is necessary to perform physical exercises in a spacious and well-ventilated room.

The dress code for gymnastics varies depending on the season. She has only one requirement: clothing should not restrict movement and interfere with exercise. In winter, it will be convenient for a child to perform exercises in a tracksuit, and in summer in a T-shirt and shorts.

Exercises for gymnastics for children 2-3 years old

Toddlers aged 2-3 years cannot be forced to perform gymnastic exercises simply by repeating them after adults. They won't be interested. But if gymnastic exercises for children are presented in the form of a game, then the kids will join the process with pleasure. The duration of classes for children of this age should not exceed 5-10 minutes, since the child is not yet able to concentrate on something for a long time. Usually a set of gymnastic exercises for children under three years of age consists of 2-3 game exercises, which must be repeated 4-5 times. The lesson starts with a warm-up. During the warm-up, children walk, run slowly (10 seconds), jump (6-8 times). You can alternate walking and jumping. Physical exercises included in the complex are performed in the following sequence:

1. Strengthen the muscles of the shoulder girdle and arms

"Stretched." The child is standing, arms are lowered along the body, legs are slightly apart. Fulfillment: raise your hands up and down.
"Sun". The child is standing, arms are lowered along the body, legs are slightly apart. Fulfillment: raise your hands up and reach for the sun, lower your hands.
"Birds". The child is standing, arms are lowered along the body, legs are slightly apart. Fulfillment: spread your arms to the sides, raise them up, lower them down (“flap your wings”), take the starting position.

2. Develop the torso

"Bowed down." The child is standing, arms are lowered along the body, legs are wider than shoulders. Fulfillment: lean forward, try to reach the floor with your fingers, straighten up.
"Knock Knock". The child is standing, arms lowered along the body, feet shoulder-width apart. Fulfillment: lean forward and tap your knees with your palms, straighten up.
"Window". The child sits on a chair, hands on his knees, feet on the floor. Fulfillment: lean forward, turn your head to the right, to the left (“we look out the window”), take the starting position.

3. Strengthen leg muscles

"Jumping gallop". The child is standing, arms along the body, legs together. Fulfillment: jumping in place.
"Hide and Seek". The child is standing, arms along the body, legs slightly apart. Fulfillment: you need to hide - squat down, and put your hands on your knees, stand up.
"Springs". The child is standing. Fulfillment: springy semi-squats, alternating with walking.

Gymnastic exercises for children 4–5 years old

Children 4-5 years old are already more attentive and focused than toddlers aged three. Therefore, the duration of the complex of gymnastic exercises for children can be increased to 15 minutes. Classes are aimed at strengthening the child's muscular corset, developing coordination and flexibility. Consider exemplary complex exercises.

We train the muscles of the hands

"Coils". The child is standing, arms spread apart, feet shoulder-width apart. Fulfillment: 4 rotations with the hands forward and 4 rotations back. Do 2 reps.
"Wheels". The child is standing, arms spread apart, feet shoulder-width apart. Execution: 4 rotations of the arms forward and 4 rotations back. Do 2 repetitions.
"Strongmen". The child is standing, the hands are on the shoulders, the legs are slightly apart. Fulfillment: bring the elbows forward so that they touch, starting position. Do 5 reps.
"Scissors". The child is standing, arms in front, raised to shoulder level, legs slightly apart. Execution: cross straightened arms, starting position. Do 5 reps.

Strengthen back muscles

"Who's there?". The child is standing, hands are on the belt, legs are slightly apart. Fulfillment: turn your head to the right, starting position, turn your head to the left, starting position. Do 5 reps.
"Pendulum". The child is standing, hands are on the belt, legs are slightly apart. Execution: tilt the body to the right, starting position, tilt the body to the left, starting position. Do 5 repetitions.

Strengthen leg muscles

"Fidget". The child is standing, arms lowered along the body, legs together. Fulfillment: hands spread apart, lift up, spread apart, lower. Do 3 repetitions.
"Squats". The child is standing, arms along the body, legs together. Fulfillment: sit down, raise your hands forward (do not take your heels off the floor, back is straight), starting position. Do 7 repetitions.
"Jumps". The child is standing, hands on the belt, legs together. Fulfillment: 2 - 3 jumps on each leg. Do 4 repetitions.

We develop flexibility

"Tilts to the floor." The child is standing, arms along the body, legs slightly apart. Fulfillment: bend over and reach for the toe of the right foot, starting position, bend over and reach for the toe of the left foot, starting position. When performing the exercise, do not bend your legs. Do 3 reps.
"Let's stretch - let's stretch." The child sits on the floor, legs are spread wider than shoulders. Fulfillment: stretch to the toe of the right leg, starting position, reach to the toe of the left leg, starting position. Do 4 repetitions.