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ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION REGULATIONS - SECTION 2 - ELECTRICITY SEWERAGE (Edition 7) (approved by the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of the Russian Federation) (2017) Actual in 2017

Crossing and approaching overhead lines with highways

2.5.256. The requirements given in 2.5.256-2.5.263 apply to intersections and approaches to highways:

common use and access to industrial enterprises (categories IA, IB, II-V according to building codes and rules for highways);

on-farm in agricultural enterprises ( categories I-C- III-C on construction norms and rules for on-farm roads in collective farms, state farms and other agricultural enterprises and organizations).

The intersection and approach of overhead lines with federal public roads must also comply with the requirements of the rules for the establishment and use of roadside lanes of federal public roads.

The angle of intersection with highways is not standardized.

2.5.257. When crossing highways of categories IA and IB, the overhead line supports limiting the crossing span must be of the anchor type of normal design.

On overhead lines with suspension insulators and a non-split wire in a phase with a cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe aluminum part of 120 mm2 or more, the tension garlands of insulators for the wire must be double-circuit with separate fastening of each circuit to the support.

Tension multi-circuit insulator strings for the split phase, consisting of two to five circuits, should be provided with separate fastening of each circuit to the support.

It is allowed in the span of the intersection of roads of categories IA and IB, limited by anchor supports, the installation of intermediate supports outside the culvert at the foot of the roadway, taking into account the requirements of 2.5.262. The fastening of wires on these supports should be carried out by supporting double-circuit garlands of insulators with blind clamps.

When crossing highways of categories II-V, I-C - III-C, the supports that limit the crossing span can be of an anchor type of lightweight construction or intermediate.

On intermediate supports with supporting garlands of insulators, the wires must be hung in blind clamps, on supports with pin insulators, double fastening of wires on overhead lines and reinforced fastening on overhead lines should be used.

When constructing new highways of all categories and passing them under existing 500-750 kV overhead lines, reorganization of overhead lines is not required if the smallest distances are maintained in accordance with Table. 2.5.35.

2.5.258. Distances when crossing and approaching overhead lines with highways must be at least those given in Table. 2.5.35.

Table 2.5.35

The smallest distances when crossing and approaching overhead lines with highways

Intersection, approach or parallel following	The smallest distances, m, at voltage VL, kV
Intersection, approach or parallel following	up to 20	35-110	150	220	330	500	750
Vertical distance:
a) from the wire to the pavement of the carriageway of roads of all categories	7	7	7,5	8	8,5	9,5	16
b) the same, in case of a wire break in an adjacent span	5,5	5,5	5,5	5,5	6	-	-
Horizontal distance:
1. When crossing roads of all categories, with the exception of III-C and V:
	Support height
b) in cramped conditions from the base or any part of the support to the bottom of the embankment or to the outer edge of the ditch of roads of categories IA, IB and II	5	5	5	5	10	10	15
c) the same, to the road of categories III, IV, I-C, II-C	2,0	2,5	2,5	2,5	5	5	15
2. When crossing a road of categories III-C and V:
a) from the base or any part of the support to the edge of the subgrade of the road	Support height
b) in cramped conditions from the base or any part of the support to the bottom of the embankment, outer edge, excavation or side drainage ditch	1,5	2,5	2,5	2,5	5	5	15
3. When traveling in parallel with roads of all categories:
a) from the base or any part of the support to the edge of the subgrade of the road	Support height plus 5 m
b) from the extreme undeflected wire to the edge of the subgrade	10	15	15	15	20 <*>	30 <*>	40 <*>
c) the same, in cramped conditions	2	4	5	6	8	10	15

<*>Taking into account the maximum permissible levels of electric field strength.

In all cases of convergence with curved sections of roads passing along embankments, the minimum distances from the wires of the overhead line to the edge of the subgrade must be at least the vertical distances indicated in Table. 2.5.35.

The smallest vertical distances in the normal mode of operation of overhead lines from wires to the carriageway should be taken:

excluding wire heating electric shock at the highest air temperature for an overhead line of 500 kV and below, at an air temperature according to 2.5.17 at the maximum permissible values of the intensity of the electric and magnetic components of the electromagnetic field for an overhead line of 750 kV;

at design linear ice load according to 2.5.55 and air temperature at ice according to 2.5.51.

2.5.259. Vertical distances from wires of overhead lines with a cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe aluminum part of less than 185 mm2 at intersections with highways should be checked for a wire break in an adjacent span at an average annual air temperature without taking into account the heating of the wires by electric current. These distances must not be less than those given in Table. 2.5.35.

2.5.260. At the intersection of overhead lines with highways on both sides of overhead lines on the roads should be installed road signs in accordance with the requirements of the state standard.

At the intersection of overhead lines of 330 kV and above with highways on both sides of the overhead line, road signs should be installed on the roads prohibiting vehicles from stopping in the security zones of these lines.

Suspension of road signs on stretching cables within the security zones of overhead lines is not allowed.

2.5.261. When approaching or crossing green spaces located along highways, one should be guided by 2.5.207.

2.5.262. To prevent raids Vehicle on the supports of overhead lines located at a distance of less than 4 m from the edge of the carriageway, road barriers of group I should be used<*>.

<*>The definition of road barriers of group I is given in building codes and regulations for highways.

2.5.263. The minimum distances from overhead lines to bridges of roads with a span of 20 m or less should be taken the same as to the corresponding roads according to Table. 2.5.35, and with a span of more than 20 m - are installed during the design of overhead lines.

Crossing and approaching overhead lines with highways 2.5.144. The angle of intersection of overhead lines with highways is not standardized. 2.5.145. When crossing highways of category I, the overhead lines limiting the span of the crossing must be anchored with a normal design.
____________
Roads, depending on the category, have the following dimensions:

Width of road elements, m
roadway	dividing line	subgrade
15 or more		27.5 and over

Table 2.5.31. The shortest distance when crossing and approaching overhead lines with highways

Intersection or convergence
Intersection or convergence
Vertical distance:
a) from the wire to the roadbed:
in normal VL mode
when a wire breaks in an adjacent span
b) from the wire to vehicles in the normal mode of the overhead line
Horizontal distances:
a) from the base of the support to the edge of the subgrade of the road at the intersection	Support height
b) the same, but with parallel following	Support height plus 5 m
c) the same, but on sections of a constrained route from any part of the support to the foot of the road embankment or to the outer edge of the ditch:
when crossing roads of categories I and II
when crossing roads of other categories
d) when following in parallel from the outermost wire in a non-deflected position to the edge of the subgrade of the road

The fastening of wires on overhead lines with suspension or pin insulators must be carried out in accordance with 2.5.95. When crossing motor roads of categories II-IV, the supports limiting the span of the crossing can be lightweight anchor or intermediate. On intermediate supports with suspension insulators, the wires must be suspended in blind clamps, and on supports with pin insulators, double fastening of the wires must be used. When splitting the phase into at least three wires, it is allowed to use clamps with limited termination strength. The same requirements are imposed on intersections with category V highways as when passing overhead lines through uninhabited areas. When constructing new roads and passing them under existing 400 and 500 kV overhead lines, the overhead line is not required to be rebuilt if the distance from the lower wire of the overhead line to the roadbed is at least 9 m and from the foundation of the support to the edge of the roadbed is at least 25 m. 2.5. 146. Distances when crossing and approaching overhead lines with highways must be at least those given in Table. 2.5.31. In all cases of convergence of overhead lines with curved sections of roads passing along the embankment, the minimum distances from the wires of the overhead line to the edge of the road must be at least those indicated in Table. 2.5.31 vertical distances. Vertical distances in normal mode are checked with the largest sag, without taking into account the heating of the wires by electric current. In emergency mode, distances are checked for overhead lines with wires with a cross section of less than 185 mm at an average annual temperature, without ice and wind. For overhead lines with wires with a cross section of 185 mm or more, an emergency check is not required. 2.5.147. At the intersection of overhead lines with highways, which provide for the movement of cars and other vehicles with a height of more than 3.8 m, road signs should be installed on both sides of the overhead line on the roads indicating the permissible height of moving vehicles with cargo. At vertical distances from the overhead line wire to the roadbed exceeding those indicated in Table. 2.5.31 more than 2 m, signal signs may not be installed. Suspension of road signs at the intersection of overhead lines with roads within security zones (see 2.5.104) is not allowed. 2.5.148. Overhead line supports located on the side of the road must be protected from collisions with vehicles. Crossing and approaching overhead lines with trolleybus and tram lines 2.5.149. The angle of intersection of overhead lines with trolleybus and tram lines is not standardized. 2.5.150. When crossing trolleybus and tram lines, the overhead line supports limiting the crossing span must be anchored with a normal design. For overhead lines with a wire cross section of 120 mm or more, intermediate supports with wire suspension in blind clamps and with double fastening on pin insulators are also allowed. When splitting the phase into at least three wires, it is allowed to use clamps with limited termination strength. In the case of using anchor supports, the suspension of wires must be carried out in accordance with 2.5.95. 2.5.151. Vertical distances at the intersection and approach of overhead lines with trolleybus and tram lines with the largest sag of the wires must be at least those given in Table. 2.5.32. In normal mode, vertical distances are checked with the largest sag (without taking into account the heating of the wire by electric current). In emergency mode, vertical distances are checked for overhead lines with wires with a cross section of less than 185 mm at an average annual temperature without ice and wind. For overhead lines with wires with a cross section of 185 mm or more, distances in emergency mode are not checked. 2.5.152. Protection by arresters or protective gaps at intersections of overhead lines with a contact network is carried out in accordance with the requirements given in 2.5.122. It is allowed to save supports contact network under the wires of the crossing overhead line at vertical distances from the wires of the overhead line to the top of the contact network supports at least: 7 m for overhead lines with voltage up to 110 kV, 8 m for overhead lines 150-220 kV and 9 m for overhead lines 330-500 kV. Table 2.5.32. The smallest distance from the wires of overhead lines when crossing and approaching trolleybus and tram lines

Intersection or convergence	The smallest distance, m, at voltage VL, kV
Intersection or convergence
Vertical distances from overhead lines:
a) when crossing with a trolleybus line (in normal mode):
to the highest mark of the carriageway

b) at the intersection with the tram line (in normal mode):
up to the rail head
to the wires of the contact network or carrying cables
c) when the overhead line wire breaks in the adjacent span to the wires or supporting cables of the trolleybus or tram line
Horizontal distance when approaching from deflected wires of overhead lines to the supports of trolleybus and tram contact networks

Crossing overhead lines with water areas 2.5.153. When crossing overhead lines with water spaces (rivers, canals, lakes, bays, harbors, etc.), the angle of intersection with them is not standardized. 2.5.154. When crossing water spaces with regular navigable traffic, the overhead line supports limiting the crossing span should be anchor end. For overhead lines with a cross section of steel-aluminum wires of 120 mm or more or steel ropes of the TK type with a cross section of 50 mm or more, intermediate supports and lightweight anchor supports are allowed; at the same time, in both cases, the supports adjacent to them must be anchor end. When using intermediate supports in the span, wires and cables must be attached to them with deaf or special clamps (for example, multi-roller suspensions). Crossings of waterways of local importance with a navigation depth of 1.65 m or less, small rivers with a depth of 1.0 m or less (classes IV-VII according to navigational conditions) and non-navigable water spaces that are not classified as large crossings are subject to such the same requirements as when passing overhead lines through uninhabited areas, with an additional check of distances to the level of high waters, ice and to the dimensions of ships or alloy according to table. 2.5.33. 2.5.155. The distance from the lower wires of the overhead line to the surface of the water must be at least those given in Table. 2.5.33. Design levels of ice and water are taken in accordance with 2.5.13. Heating of overhead lines by electric current is not taken into account. Table 2.5.33. The smallest distance from the wires of the overhead line to the surface of the water, the dimensions of the vessels and the alloy

Distance	The smallest distance, m, at voltage VL, kV
Distance
To the highest level of high waters of navigable rivers, canals, etc. at the highest temperature
Up to the size of ships or rafting at the highest level of high water and highest temperature
To the highest level of high waters of non-navigable rivers, canals, etc. at a temperature of plus 15°С
To the ice level of non-navigable rivers, canals, etc. at a temperature of minus 5 ° C in the presence of ice

When passing overhead lines in the immediate vicinity of fixed bridges, where the masts and pipes of ships floating on a river or canal must be lowered, it is allowed, in agreement with the local Water Transport Administration, to reduce the distance from the overhead line wires to the highest level of high waters given in Table. 2.5.33. 2.5.156. Crossings of overhead lines with navigable rivers, canals, etc. must be marked on the banks with signal signs in accordance with the current rules for navigation on inland navigation routes. Passage of overhead lines on bridges 2.5.157. When passing overhead lines along bridges, supports or supporting devices that limit spans from the shore to the bridge and through the draw part of the bridge must be of normal design. All other supporting devices on the bridges may be of the intermediate type with wire fastening by blind clamps or with double fastening on pin insulators. 2.5.158. On metal railway bridges with a ride on the bottom, equipped with upper ties throughout, wires can be placed directly above the span structure of the bridge above the ties or outside it. Locate the wires within the clearance of the buildings, as well as within the width occupied by the elements of the contact network of electrified railways, not allowed. Distances from overhead lines to all MPS lines laid along the bridge structure are taken according to 2.5.141, as for cramped sections of the route. On urban and highway bridges, it is allowed to place wires both outside the span and within the width of the pedestrian and carriageway of the bridge. On guarded bridges, it is allowed to place overhead lines below the level of the pedestrian part. 2.5.159. The smallest distances from the wires of the overhead line to different parts of the bridges should be taken in agreement with the organizations in charge of this bridge, while determining the largest sag of the wires is carried out by comparing the sag at the highest design temperature air and ice. Passage of overhead lines along dams and dikes 2.5.160. When passing overhead lines along dams, dams, etc., the distances from the wires of the overhead line with the largest sag and the greatest deviation to various parts of the dams and dams must be at least those given in Table. 2.5.34. Table 2.5.34. The smallest distance from the wires of overhead lines to various parts of dams and dams

Parts of dams and dikes	The smallest distance, m, at voltage VL, kV
Parts of dams and dikes
Ridge and slope edge
Inclined slope surface
Surface of water overflowing over a dam

When passing overhead lines along dams and dams along which communication lines are laid, the overhead line must also meet the requirements for overhead lines at intersections and approaches with the corresponding objects of communication lines. The largest sag of the overhead line wires should be determined by comparing the sag at the highest design air temperature and with ice. Rapprochement of overhead lines with water coolers 2.5.161. The distance from the extreme wires of the overhead line to the water coolers should be determined in accordance with the requirements of SNiP II-89-80 * "General plans for industrial enterprises" (ed. 1995) of the Gosstroy of Russia, as well as with the requirements of the technological design standards for power plants, substations and overhead lines power transmission. Rapprochement of overhead lines with explosive and fire hazardous installations 2.5.162. The convergence of overhead lines with buildings, structures and outdoor technological installations associated with the extraction, production, manufacture, use or storage of explosive, explosive and flammable substances must be carried out in accordance with the standards approved in the prescribed manner. If the convergence standards are not provided for by regulatory documents, then the distances from the axis of the overhead line route to the indicated buildings, structures and outdoor installations must be at least one and a half times the height of the support. On sections of a cramped route, it is allowed to reduce these distances in agreement with the relevant ministries and departments. Crossing and approaching overhead lines with overground and ground pipelines and cable cars 2.5.163. The angle of intersection of overhead lines with aboveground and ground gas pipelines, oil pipelines and oil product pipelines is recommended to be taken close to 90 °. The angle of intersection of the overhead line with the rest of the above-ground and ground pipelines, as well as with cable cars, is not standardized. The intersection of overhead lines of 110 kV and above with newly constructed above-ground and ground main gas pipelines, oil pipelines and oil product pipelines is prohibited. It is allowed to intersect these overhead lines with existing single-line overground and ground main gas pipelines, oil pipelines and oil product pipelines, as well as with existing technical corridors main pipelines when laying them in an embankment at a distance of 1000 m on both sides of the overhead line. 2.5.164. When crossing overhead lines with above-ground and ground pipelines and cableways, the overhead line supports limiting the crossing span must be anchored with a normal design. For overhead lines with steel-aluminum wires with a cross section of 120 mm or more or with steel ropes of the TK type. with a cross section of 50 mm or more are also allowed anchor supports lightweight construction and intermediate supports with wire suspension in blind clamps. When splitting the phase into at least three wires, it is allowed to use clamps with limited termination strength. 2.5.165. VL wires should be located above pipelines and cable cars. In exceptional cases, it is allowed to pass overhead lines up to 220 kV under cable cars, which have bridges or nets below to protect overhead lines. Fastening of bridges and grids on overhead line supports is prohibited. At the intersection with overhead lines, above-ground and ground gas pipelines, except for those laid in an embankment, should be protected by fences. The fence should protrude on both sides of the intersection from the projection of the extreme wires of the overhead line with their greatest deviation at a distance of at least: 3 m for overhead lines up to 20 kV, 4 m for overhead lines 35-110 kV, 4.5 m for overhead lines 150 kV, 5 m for VL 220 kV, 6 m for VL 330 kV, 6.5 m for VL 500 kV. Distances from overhead lines to bridges, nets and fences are taken as to above-ground and surface pipelines and cable cars (see 2.5.166). 2.5.166. Distances when crossing, approaching and parallel following overhead lines with above-ground and ground pipelines and cable cars must be at least those given in Table. 2.5.35. Table 2.5.35. The shortest distance from the wires of overhead lines to elevated and ground pipelines and cable cars

Intersection or convergence	The smallest distance, m, at voltage VL, kV
Intersection or convergence
Vertical distances:
from the overhead line wire to any part of the pipeline (embankment) or cable car in normal mode
the same, but with a wire break in the next span
Horizontal distances:
1) with parallel following:
from the extreme wire of the overhead line to any part of the pipeline or cable car (with the exception of the slurry pipeline and the main gas pipeline, oil pipeline and oil product pipeline) in normal mode	Not less than the height of the support
from the extreme wire of the overhead line to any part of the slurry pipeline in normal mode	At least 30 m
from the extreme wire of the overhead line to any part of the main gas pipeline in normal mode	Not less than twice the height of the support
from the extreme wire of the overhead line to any part of the main oil pipeline and oil product pipeline in normal mode	50 m, but not less than the height of the support
in cramped conditions from the extreme wire of the overhead line with its greatest deviation to any part of the pipeline * or cable car
2) when crossing:
from the overhead line support to any part of the pipeline or cable car in normal mode	Not less than the height of the support
in cramped conditions from the overhead line support to any part of the pipeline or cable car
3) from the overhead line to the purge candles of the gas pipeline	At least 300 m

* Newly constructed main gas pipelines in the area of approach to overhead lines in cramped conditions must meet the requirements for gas pipelines of at least category II. Vertical distances in normal mode are determined with the largest sag of the wire without taking into account the heating of the wires by electric current. In emergency mode, distances are checked for overhead lines with wires with a cross section of less than 185 mm at an average annual temperature, without ice and wind. For overhead lines with wires with a cross section of 185 mm or more, a wire break test is not required. In the regions of Western Siberia and the Far North, when the overhead lines of 110 kV and above are parallel to the technical corridors of the main gas pipelines, oil pipelines and oil product pipelines, the distance from the overhead line to the extreme pipeline must be at least 1000 m. 2.5.167. In spans of intersection with overhead lines, metal pipelines, except for those laid in embankments, and cable cars, as well as fences, bridges and grids, must be grounded. The resistance provided by the use of artificial grounding should be no more than 10 ohms. Crossing and approaching overhead lines with underground pipelines 2.5.168. The angle of intersection of overhead lines of 35 kV and below with underground main gas pipelines, oil pipelines and oil product pipelines, as well as the angle of intersection of overhead lines with other underground pipelines, is not standardized. The intersection angle of 110 kV overhead lines and above with newly constructed underground gas pipelines, oil pipelines and oil product pipelines, as well as with the existing technical corridors of these pipelines, must be at least 60 °. At the same time, newly constructed pipelines laid in the regions of Western Siberia and the Far North, at a distance of 1 km on both sides of the intersection, must be at least category II. 2.5.169. When approaching overhead lines with existing and newly constructed main gas pipelines with a pressure of more than 1.2 MPa and main oil pipelines and oil product pipelines, the distances between them must be at least those given in 2.5.104. VL wires should be located no closer than 300 m from the purge candles installed on the main gas pipelines. In cramped conditions of the route when the overhead line runs in parallel, as well as at the intersection of the overhead line with the indicated pipelines, horizontal distances from the ground electrode and the underground part (foundation) of the overhead line supports to the pipelines are allowed at least: 5 m for overhead lines up to 35 kV, 10 m for overhead lines 110 -220 kV and 15 m for 330-500 kV overhead lines. Newly constructed main gas pipelines with a pressure of more than 1.2 MPa in the areas of convergence with overhead lines when laying them at distances less than those given in 2.5.104 must meet the requirements for sections of gas pipelines not lower than category II for 500 kV overhead lines and not lower than category III for overhead lines 330 kV and below. Newly constructed main oil pipelines and oil product pipelines in areas of approach to overhead lines, when laid at distances less than those given in 2.5.104, must meet the requirements for pipeline sections of at least category III. In the regions of Western Siberia and the Far North, when the overhead lines of 110 kV and above run in parallel with the technical corridors of the main gas pipelines, oil pipelines and oil product pipelines, the distance from the overhead line to the extreme pipeline should be at least 1 km. 2.5.170. When approaching and crossing overhead lines with main and distribution gas pipelines with a pressure of 1.2 MPa or less, as well as when approaching and crossing with branches from main gas pipelines to settlements and industrial enterprises and with branches from oil pipelines and oil product pipelines to oil depots and enterprises, the distance from the ground electrode and the underground part (foundations) of the overhead line supports to the pipelines must be at least: 5 m for overhead lines up to 35 kV, 10 m for overhead lines 110 kV and above. 2.5.171. When approaching and crossing overhead lines with heat pipelines, water supply, sewage (pressure and gravity), drains and drains, the clear distances from the ground electrode and the underground part (foundations) of the overhead line supports to the pipelines must be at least 2 m for overhead lines up to 35 kV and 3 m for VL 110 kV and above. In exceptional cases, if it is impossible to maintain the specified distances to pipelines (for example, when passing overhead lines through the territories of power plants, industrial enterprises, along city streets), these distances can be reduced in agreement with interested organizations. At the same time, it is necessary to provide for the protection of the foundations of the overhead line supports from possible undermining of the foundations in case of damage to these pipelines, as well as to prevent the removal of hazardous potentials through metal pipelines. Rapprochement of overhead lines with oil and gas flares 2.5.172. When approaching oil and gas field flares, the overhead line should be located on the windward side. The distance from the overhead line to the field torches should be at least 60 m. Rapprochement of overhead lines with airfields 2.5.173. Approximation of overhead lines with airfields and airways is allowed in agreement with the territorial administration of civil aviation, with the headquarters of the military district, with the department of the ministry or department in charge of the airfield or airport, when the overhead line is located at distances: up to 10 km from the borders of the airfield - with supports any height; more than 10 and up to 30 km from the boundaries of the aerodrome - with the absolute mark of the upper part of the overhead line supports exceeding the absolute mark of the aerodrome by 50 m or more; more than 30 and up to 75 km from the boundaries of airfields and on air routes - with a height of supports of 100 m or more.