DIY garden shredder: how to create a functional design. We assemble a garden shredder of branches with our own hands - the second way Chopping branches with our own hands machine diagram

Or a branch crusher, designed to facilitate care for, save time and energy, and also solve the issue of disposing of unnecessary and dry branches after crown “lightening” and clearing the area. The device is in good demand in the market, so today it can be found in any store of goods for summer cottages and gardens. For a middle-income person, a garden shredder is a rather expensive pleasure, but with a little technical skill, the device can be designed.

Purpose of the device in the country

The garden shredder is used for the following purposes.

Shredding branches up to 45 mm in diameter. The device grinds branches to fractions of various calibers, depending on the system of knives of a particular device. Basically, from the crushing of branches larger than 15 mm in diameter, a fraction of large chips is obtained - about 3 cm. It is better to pass branches with a diameter of less than 15 mm through a shredder.
Shredding of green vegetation through a nozzle shredder. Using a shredder, it is very convenient to create a substrate for. The mass is very juicy, suitable density.

Of course, processed plants can simply be thrown away - after being crushed, wood and green vegetation become compact and easily transportable, but there is a lot to be gained from these products! Chopped wood and green mass is a valuable organic substrate that can always be used in any suburban area.

How can you use processed products:

The use of wood chips for the preparation of the substrate. Chopped wood is an important and main nutrient component, which is the best suited for germinating seedlings and seedlings, and is also used as a permanent soil for many, for example, or.
Use of green mass for mulching. This mulch perfectly fertilizes and protects it from moisture loss and overheating in summer, but needs periodic replacement.

Design features

The wood chipper is quite simple to make with your own hands, and it consists of:

metal case;
working shaft with knives;
a motor that drives the mechanism;
receiving box;
protective cover.

Working shaft with knives. Knives are one of the most important components of the chipper: the size and shape of the recycled wood fraction depends on the type of knife.
In home-made, the following types of crushing elements are installed:

Twin-shaft eight-knife design. Consists of two shafts fixed between two metal plates. Knives are attached to each of the shafts at an angle. Torque from the motor to the shafts is transmitted using a chain or belt that is attached to the gears. The distance between the shafts is adjustable and depends on the size and type of knives, as well as the diameter of the branches.

Important! The twin-shaft chopper is most efficient when operating at low engine speeds. In order to reduce the speed, it is enough to install a gear of a smaller diameter on the shaft, and a larger one for the drive.

Knife-disk design. It is simpler in design, but less functional: the maximum width of a branch in diameter for a knife-disk design is 2 cm. Knives are bolted to a metal disk with an offset to the center. This is done in order to set the direction of the processed material to the center of the device and thereby increase the strength of the flywheel.

Motor. For a garden shredder, a gasoline engine and an electric motor are suitable.

Each of the engines has its own advantages and disadvantages, therefore, when designing a home-made chopper for processing branches and grass, it is important to correctly prioritize: will the chopper be connected to other agricultural equipment; mainly for the processing of which the device will be used; How important is the portability of the device.

A gasoline engine is right for you if:

you are going to process large, thick branches over 35 mm in diameter;
device mobility is important to you;
you are not going to connect the crusher to other agricultural equipment.

You are better off choosing an electric motor if:

you are going to use the crusher in conjunction with other agricultural equipment (combine,);
you are not satisfied with the need to buy gasoline for the motor;
the crusher will be used for crushing small branches (up to 20 mm) or greens.

How to make a garden shredder in the country with your own hands (two-shaft)

A twin-shaft garden shredder is the most powerful of those that you can build yourself. A properly designed twin-shaft shredder is able to process branches up to 80 mm thick. You can easily find all the materials and parts that you need to assemble it in any auto parts store or radio market, and you will certainly find the necessary tools in every workshop.

Did you know? If small chips can be used to make mulch, then a larger fraction is useful for a picnic! It is used as fuel for - a good alternative to barbecue or barbecue.

Materials and tools for manufacturing

For the manufacture of a two-shaft chopper you will need:

engine;
two metal plates 10 mm thick. Radius - optional;
two synchronizing gears;
pulley for torque transmission;
pulley on the motor shaft;
two shafts for attaching knives;
five bearings with fasteners;
knives;
profile for the body;
sheet metal for the manufacture of a receiving hopper and a protective casing;
metal pipe for the frame.

Tools are indispensable welding machine, wrenches, a puncher, a lathe (for threading and turning parts), and metal staples are also useful, but they can be replaced by welding.

Step-by-step instruction

You should start by welding the body. First of all, we assemble the frame or frame of the future chopper: we measure two pieces of 40 cm and two pieces of 80 cm from the pipe. Next, we weld the short pipes perpendicular to the long ones at the right distance (a drum will be placed between the short pipes). The chopper is a rather heavy unit, its weight will be about 15–20 kg. Therefore, in order not to move the device from place to place in the future, it is advisable to equip it with wheels. The wheels will be mounted on two racks that are welded to the frame.

The next stage is the assembly of the crushing mechanism. First you need to prepare the surface of the shafts for the installation of knives. To do this, grind the shaft on the machine, forming three flat cuts.

Make holes in the blades for the bolts
Place the knives on the cuts of the shafts at an angle of 35–45° towards the center, mark the attachment points and drill holes at the marked points. Then you need to cut the thread inside the holes with a sword.

The body of the drum consists of metal walls, four connecting pins and a protective casing. For the manufacture of the walls of the drum, sheet metal 10 mm thick is used. We make four holes in the walls with a gas burner (two in each) for the shaft bearings.

We weld the frame to the walls of the drum.

Next, we assemble the crushing mechanism: we put bearings on both edges of the shafts and fasten the knives with bolts along the sections of the shafts.

The pulley is attached to the key. To do this, a gas burner in the center of the pulley makes a square hole in the size of the key and the same hole in the shaft, after which both elements are connected with a key.

Installation of the mechanism on the frame. Install the motor and fix the pulley on it, then install the drum on the frame and connect the drum pulley and the motor pulley with a belt.

Receiver design. The walls of the receiver are also made of sheet metal. For the receiving compartment, you can use thinner metal than for the walls of the drum - from 3 to 5 mm thick. Mark and cut the sheet into four equal parts in the shape of a trapezoid.

Measure from the edge of the narrowest side of one of the parts 5 cm and make a bend.

If the sheet has a wrong side and a front side, then make sure that the folds on the other three parts are made in the opposite direction.

Then assemble the parts in the form of a box and fix them at the seams with welding or metal staples. Here's the receiving compartment!

The installation of the receiving compartment on the structure is the last step. The receiver is installed in front of the drum hole and fastened to the facade using bolts for which holes are pre-drilled on the box lapels.

Finally, a protective cover is formed from sheet metal over the rotating elements of the device in order to avoid possible injury during use.

Important! Keyed mounting is not the only option: dowel bolt or multi-bolt mounting is also possible, but keyed mounting is the easiest to do at home.

Do-it-yourself disc chopper

The design of a disc grinder is simpler than a two-shaft one. Its design is based on the well-known sekarni principle, only the torque is transmitted by the engine, and not manually. This crushing mechanism consists of a frame, a disc with knives and a motor. This homemade chopper is designed for processing small branches up to 20 mm in diameter.

In order to build a chopper, we need:

engine;
pipes for the frame;
sheet metal 5 mm thick to create a disk;
sheet metal up to 5 mm for protective cover and receiver.

It is better to buy knives for a crusher. Factory knives are made of tool grades of steel, which will ensure their strength and wear resistance. You can make knives yourself, using a car spring for this, for example, if you have an extra one, of course. But still, the factory knife will be a grateful contribution to the future tool.

Construction assembly

Construct a support for the unit from the pipe. One of the most successful variations of frames for such a crusher is a cube with fasteners for the structure in its upper part and wheels for movement in its lower part.

From a sheet of metal of 5 mm we cut out a disk with a diameter of 400 mm and make a hole in the center for the shaft.

Next, we drill holes for the knives in the disk.

After the knives are fixed to the disk, the disk is attached to the shaft and the structure is attached to the motor.

The receiving compartment for a disc grinder is made in the same way as for a two-shaft grinder.

In the manufacture of a wood chip cutter with your own hands, drawings may come in handy. Although the design is quite visual, with the help of drawings you can calculate all the necessary dimensions and better control the assembly order. Below are examples of drawings for a disc grinder. The entire structure.

Individual elements with description.

Did you know? Interestingly, the growth and development of the crown of a tree can be influenced not only by pruning. The orientation of the young shoot in space has a great influence on the yield: by directing the shoot upwards, you will achieve a more powerful growth, while the horizontal orientation will contribute to a denser laying of flower buds.

So, summing up, it would be advisable to name all the pros and cons of a home-made unit.

"Per":

a home-made chip cutter will cost almost twice as much as a purchased one;
homemade devices are usually very reliable and durable;
the crusher will need minimal maintenance, which you can easily provide yourself;
understanding of the structure of the apparatus and the absolute interchangeability of parts will make the mechanism practically eternal.

"Against":

the availability of free time for the preparation of parts and assembly of the structure;
the presence or need to develop some technical skills during the process (turning parts on the machine).

Good luck in your endeavors!

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All owners of garden plots, or people living in the private sector, are faced with the problem of disposing of dry trimmings of tree branches and shrubs.

Each year, the pile of brushwood grows, spoiling the appearance of the site and creating a fire hazard. How to get rid of old dry branches?

Use the services of a waste collection and recycling company. Effective but expensive. You voluntarily give material into the wrong hands, and pay money for it;
Burn a bunch of dry scraps right on the site. Completely free, except for the possible payment of a fine. But at the same time, you inhale suffocating smoke, and create inconvenience to your neighbors. Not to mention the fire hazard of buildings on the site. The place over which the fire blazed remains barren for several years;
Recycle cuttings into compost for later fertilization of your green spaces. The method is ideal, however, whole branches rot into compost for a long time. The process will be accelerated if they are ground into chips. For this, there is a special device - a garden shredder for branches.

The principle of its operation is simple - a cutter rotates inside the mechanism, grinding the branches into a homogeneous mass.

The drive can be manual, mechanical (using an internal combustion engine), or electric. The latter option is the most popular, due to the simplicity of design.

These devices are ubiquitous on sale, but you can make a branch chopper with your own hands. Of course, the design will not be entirely free. Some components will have to be purchased.

How to make a garden electric shredder with your own hands

What is needed for manufacturing:

Electric motor with a power of about 1-2 kW;
Circular saws with a diameter of 100-200 mm in the amount of 10-15 pieces or a cutter with large teeth;
Steel circle or finished axle. The diameter must match the seat circular saws;
A set of washers 5-7 mm thick for separating discs. The inner diameter must match the axle thickness. Quantity according to the number of circular saws;
Belt with pulleys for transmitting torque from the engine. Suitable from the domestic auto industry;
Channel or corner for the bed;
3-5mm thick steel sheet for working hopper;
Steel sheet 2-3 mm for the guide socket;
A pair of wheels from a garden cart, if a homemade branch chopper is supposed to be moved from place to place;
Welding machine, grinder, drill, set of fasteners.

How to make a branch chopper based on circular saws?

We purchase 10-15 blades, preferably with nozzles for hard steel teeth. We select or manufacture a set of steel washers-gaskets to separate the disks on the shaft.

The distance between the saws should be about 10 mm. If you do more, small branches will get stuck; if you do less, the width of the workspace will decrease.

We put a package of disks with washers on the shaft. It can be carved into lathe, or use a suitable one from an old car gearbox.

Important! The teeth of circular saws should not be in the same line. They can be arranged with an offset, or better - in a chaotic manner. In this case, the load on the shaft, and accordingly the engine will be lower, extending the life of the structure.

We weld a solid frame from a channel or a corner. From below we install the foundation for the electric motor. Be sure to provide for the possibility of moving the engine to adjust the tension of the drive belt.

An inevitable companion of the garden plot is plant debris in the form of grass and branches. It is not advisable to throw away or burn such waste, because natural fertilizer can be obtained from it. It is enough to grind it to the state of chips. A garden shredder can easily handle this task. However, if there is no financial opportunity to purchase it, then you can make a garden shredder with your own hands. How to do this - this article will tell you in detail.

The choice of device according to technical indicators. How to make a shredder from improvised materials yourself.

As can be seen from the presented list, the design of the chopper with a disk mechanism is the simplest and most affordable. However, such a shredder can shred branches with a diameter of only 20 mm. But the chipper with two shafts can easily cope with large wood with a diameter of up to 80 mm.

Shredder Assembly

Having everything necessary elements, you can safely proceed to create the design of a garden shredder with your own hands based on the completed drawing. The assembly of a garden shredder, regardless of the type of mechanism design, consists of several successive stages:

Frame installation.
Building a bunker.
Assembly of the grinding mechanism.
Installation of the engine and the grinding device on the frame.

Creation of a chopper with a stackable package of circular saws

The chopping mechanism of such shredders consists of circular saws, which are alternately mounted on the shaft with separating washers. Each disc has many teeth that can even handle hard wood. Therefore, he will process soft grass, tops and leaves in a matter of minutes. When saw teeth become dull, they can be easily replaced with new ones.

The shaft for the chopper can be machined on a lathe or used ready-made from the gearbox of an old car. The distance between adjacent saws should be about 10 mm. If the gap is smaller, this will reduce the working area of the grinder. If you make a larger gap, this will contribute to the jamming of small branches.

Useful advice! Do not place saw teeth on the same line, fixing them on the shaft. It is better to install them randomly. This reduces the load on the shaft and the shredder motor.

It is better to use an electric motor, which during operation is almost silent and does not emit into the atmosphere harmful substances. For crushing coarse material, you can use it, which has great power. The engine should be placed on a movable support so that the drive tension can be adjusted.

The frame for the shredder can be welded using channels, corners or profiled metal pipes. A metal profile thrust bar can be welded to the base of the structure, which will become a support for the stems and branches during crushing. When creating pedestals for bearings, it is important not to skew. The motor and shaft axes must be in parallel planes.

The design of the bunker deserves special attention. It can be made from sheet metal. The container must be strong enough to withstand the impact of flying chips from the branches. With the help of a movable base plate in the body of the hopper, it is possible to create the possibility of adjusting the size of the chips. So, smaller fragments are suitable for fertilizer, and larger chips are suitable for kindling.

The size of the receiving bell should be larger than the length of the arms to protect them from damage. This also contributes to the ability to guide branches into the shredder at a comfortable angle.

Such a do-it-yourself garden shredder of branches and grass is able to cope with both soft waste and hard thick wood. However, its main problem is the clogging of the space between the saws, which needs regular cleaning.

Creating a shredder with a knife disc

You can create such a grass chopper with your own hands from improvised materials. Since it is designed to grind soft debris, its design will be very simple, but it will not have a high strength index. You can weld a sheet metal hopper, or you can take an ordinary metal bucket. A case from an old fan is also suitable.

To create a cutting system on a metal disk, knives are inserted into special slots, which can be pre-made from a spring sheet from a car. The disc is mounted on the shaft. Next is the receiving box. For such a shredder, a low-power motor of 1 kW is suitable. You can see all the details of creating a garden electric grass chopper with your own hands in the videos offered on the Internet.

Instructions for assembling a two-roll shredder

Work begins with the creation of a frame. To do this, using an angle grinder from profile pipe two blanks 80 cm long and four parts 40 cm long are cut. Next, short segments are welded between two long blanks at a right angle. The two internal parts must be placed at such a distance relative to each other to ensure reliable installation of the chopping drum.

Useful advice! For the device to be mobile, the design must have wheels for movement. To do this, two racks are welded to the frame, on which an axle with wheels is attached.

The next step is to create shafts for the chopping drum. If you plan to install four knives on one shaft, then we use a square metal blank. We make both ends of it round so that they can enter the bearings. For three knives, you will need a round blank in which the central part is honed. Three flat cuts are made in it for the subsequent installation of knives.

To create knives, you can take a small piece of Kamaz spring leaf. Holes for bolts are made in the knives. Then it should be done on a grinding machine, where the angle of the cutting edge is selected with a value of 35-45 degrees. Next, the sharpened knives are applied to the shaft and the places of their attachment are marked, in which holes are created, and the thread is cut.

Next, we proceed to the creation of a grinding mechanism. Round holes are made in two metal walls using a welding machine for installing bearings. Using special pads and bolts, we install bearings inside the metal walls. We insert the shafts into the bearings, securely fixing them. They should be located at a sufficient distance to exclude the possibility of their contact. Next, the walls of the drum are connected using metal threaded studs and nuts.

Now let's start creating a receiving bunker. To do this, four parallelepipeds are cut out of thin sheet metal. Then each edge is bent 4 cm. A short section in one direction, a long section in the opposite direction. With the help of self-tightening rivets or welding, we connect all the parts. On the bent edges at the base of the box, holes are made for fasteners.

Now gears are put on the shafts to synchronize movement, and the whole structure is installed on the frame and secured with bolts. Then the engine is installed, which is connected to the shaft by a belt drive or chain. The engine is better to take high power, but with a low number of revolutions. At the end, a receiving hopper is installed and fixed. Then a protective cover is put on all the rotating parts of the shredder to prevent foreign objects from entering the shredder.

The main advantages of such a unit are high power and technical ability to grind thick branches with a diameter of 20 to 80 mm. This will depend on the number of knives and the number of revolutions. Numerous sites on the Internet provide detailed recommendations on how to make a branch chopper with your own hands. Video examples more clearly display the entire assembly and installation process homemade device.

How to make a chopper from improvised materials

Many thrifty and thrifty owners are in no hurry to throw away old tools and household appliances. They find new uses for them. It is worth showing a little imagination, including logic and ingenuity, and from improvised tools and old parts you can create a real helper in the household. Consider some simple options for making a homemade twig and grass shredder from simple and affordable materials.

Shredder from a grinder and a vacuum cleaner

One of these home-made designs is a do-it-yourself garden chopper made from a grinder, an old vacuum cleaner and lawn mower knives. One well-known inventor, Vladimir Belyaev, offered his own do-it-yourself branch chopper, the video of which inspired many to modernize this idea and offer their vision when creating a country assistant. Next, consider one of the interesting and popular options.

To create a simple but productive design, you will need an old working vacuum cleaner, a 3.2 kW Makita grinder, lawn mower blades, a stable wooden base, a receiving funnel and a metal table with a vertically welded sheet of metal.

The receiving funnel is horizontally mounted on a vertical metal sheet welded to the table. This sheet must be thick in order to hold the grinder attached with bolts and the knives mounted on it. If the seat of the three-blade blades from the lawn mower is not compatible with the angle grinder, then they need to be sharpened so that the blades sit securely. In order for the crushed mass not to get stuck between the knives, a pipe from an old vacuum cleaner is attached to the metal sheet, which supplies air. It is desirable that the grinder and the vacuum cleaner turn on at the same time.

The metal table is located on a wooden stationary base. You should also install a protective cover that will prevent the reverse movement of chopped branches.

Such a simple version of a do-it-yourself garden shredder, a video proof of this, can be easily created at your dacha, without complicated work steps and the purchase of additional materials.

Washing machine shredder

A garden shredder can be created from an old washing machine. To do this, you will need a body and an engine from equipment, an old saw, a bucket and other parts, and tools for attaching the structure.

A side hole is made in the body of an old washing machine for the exit of recycled raw materials. Knives are attached to the bottom of the container using a special sleeve, which can be made from pieces of an old saw. An existing engine built into an old washing machine is used as an engine. The receiving container for shredded waste is installed near the side opening.

Drill Shredder

Another elementary invention is a homemade shredder using an electric drill. The principle of operation of such a mechanism resembles a vegetable cutter.

To create a design, you need to take an old stool. Drill a hole with a diameter of 12 mm in it. A housing with a bearing is attached to the back of the stool. A bucket with a hole of the same diameter is installed and fixed with self-tapping screws on the stool. A bearing is inserted into the hole, on which a shaft is mounted with high-speed steel knives fixed on it. A two-mode drill is attached to the end of the shaft from the bottom of the stool through a keyless chuck.

Soft raw materials are thrown into the bucket and an electric drill is started. After thorough grinding to the desired state, the mulch is removed. This design is designed for a small amount of recyclable waste.

The process of making and sharpening a knife deserves special attention. One-sided sharpening should be done. The sharpened plane is located below. For chopping freshly cut grass, a diamond-shaped knife is ideal, in which the blades can be rounded. This allows the grass to slide freely along the cutting edge of the chopping knife without wrapping around it.

From the proposed options, we can conclude that you can create a garden shredder with your own hands from any material at hand. It is enough to have an electric motor adapted for a 220V network, any round container of sufficient size, a steel sheet, a wood saw or saws from an old lawn mower to create a cutting mechanism.

Subtleties when choosing an engine for a shredder

A certain engine power provides the necessary performance of the chopper. When choosing an engine, you should be guided by some important rules:

For small branches, you should choose an engine with a power of at least 2 kW. The higher the power rating, the greater the performance and technical capability of the shredder.
For grinding soft waste in the form of grass and leaves, a 1.5 kW engine will be enough.
The power of the gasoline engine must not be less than 6 hp.
Too powerful motors over 3.5 kW should not be used. They consume a lot of electricity, but the maximum performance of the unit is not achieved.
The number of engine revolutions does not have a big effect on the performance of the grinder. Here, the frequency of revolution of the knives is important, which is ensured by the V-belt drive.
For reliable chopping of branches, the speed of the knife shaft should not exceed 1500 rpm. This is due to the correct selection of the diameters of the driving and driven pulleys.

Useful advice! Pulleys for a belt drive are best done for 3-4 streams. This will allow you to change the speed on the shaft by shifting the belt, which is necessary for various conditions chopper operation.

The main advantages of homemade garden shredders

Homemade shredder does not require too careful attitude. It can be used not only for chopping grass, leaves and branches. It's perfect for any household waste. It can be used to crush fruits fruit trees for the subsequent preparation of puree, jam or homemade wine.

Homemade shredders will cope with branches up to 100 mm in diameter, while factory units simply will not miss such large plants. Also, there is no need to monitor the moisture content of raw materials for processing. And for factory shredders, such negligence is unacceptable. Since in most models the engine is located at the bottom of the structure, the possibility of moisture getting on it must be excluded, which will inevitably lead to breakage.

An important argument in favor of a home-made device is the cost of the entire structure, which will be much lower than the price of a finished grinder. This also applies to replacing a failed part, which will not be expensive.

In addition, a homemade garden chipper is distinguished by its degree of performance. All garden waste that enters the shredding mechanism is instantly processed into small chips.

As can be seen from the foregoing, a reliable and faithful assistant for shredding garden debris can be created with your own hands from improvised materials. It is enough to have some skills and abilities of plumbing work, to have parts of old equipment in your garage, necessary tools and materials. Next, choosing the most acceptable way for yourself, sketch out a drawing of a branch chopper with your own hands. Video various options the performance of a homemade shredder can be viewed on the Internet. Based on the drawing, prepare all the necessary elements and proceed to the collection of the chopper.

If you are not confident in your own abilities, at present you can buy a homemade branch chopper from the proposed options, which will meet all the requirements and satisfy your wishes for an affordable price.

A garden shredder, also known as a shredder or chipper, greatly facilitates the process of caring for summer cottage. With it, you can easily clear the area of branches and grass. Recycled raw materials can be placed in a compost pit to obtain natural fertilizer. It is advisable to use the resulting small wood as firewood for heating the house. Crushed wood chips from fruit trees are ideal for smoking meat.

The design of the garden shredder is quite simple. It consists of the following main parts:

bunker;
drive;
grinding mechanism;
metal frame with protective cover.

Some models may be equipped with additional elements:

hopper for crushed organic waste;
pusher;
sieve to regulate the fraction of chips.

The principle of operation of any chopper is the same as that of a meat grinder and is as follows. When the shredder is turned on, the engine starts to start, which drives the working shaft, equipped with a cutting mechanism. At this time, garden debris enters the hopper and is crushed to a state of small chips with the help of a cutting device.

Useful advice! When carrying out work related to the processing of garden waste, you should use the means personal protection- goggles, gloves, etc.

chopping mechanism

Before you start creating a homemade shredder, you need to clearly define the type of waste that it will process. It directly depends on design features and operating characteristics. Garden shredders are classified according to three main parameters: the type and power of the engine and the type of shredding mechanism.

There are the following options for the grinding mechanism:

milling, for processing hardwood;
knife universal;
roller, for grinding thin branches of trees and shrubs;
with rotating turbines for crushing thick branches;
hammer, for the disposal of thin branches;
trimmer, based on the use of fishing line, for soft debris.

When self-assembling the chopper, preference is given to a knife system or a type-setting of circular saws. It is possible to perform a two-roll design, in which two or three knives are installed on a massive disk and rotate towards each other.

Engine type and power

The shredder can be equipped with an electric or gasoline engine. Each of them has its own important advantages and some disadvantages. The garden shredder, running on gasoline, is more mobile. Its operation does not depend on the power supply. It is able to process thicker large branches. However, such chippers are more bulky and heavy. In addition, they release harmful substances into the atmosphere in the course of their activities.

Choppers with an electric motor are lighter and more convenient to use. However, they are inferior in terms of power and depend on the energy resource.

The ability to process a certain type of garden waste depends on the engine power. For small volumes of waste, where the diameter of the branches does not exceed 20 mm, a 1.5 kW motor is sufficient. If it is necessary to grind branches with a thickness of 20-40 mm, then it is advisable to use an engine with a power of at least 3.5-4 kW. Shredders equipped with a 6 kW engine will be able to cope with large wood 100-150 mm in diameter.

The next design feature of shredders is the type of drive. This function can be performed by a chain, belt or the motor shaft itself, on which the knife mechanism is fixed.

Stages of creating a garden shredder with your own hands

Creating a shredder with your own hands is a very laborious process that requires technical knowledge and high level practical skills. All work consists of two stages. The first, preparatory, is to create a drawing of a garden shredder with your own hands and purchase necessary materials. The second stage is the actual assembly of the shredder.

Creating a chopper blueprint

The drawing can be done by hand or use a special design program on a computer. The main structure of the grinder consists of a hopper, a frame, an engine, a shaft with a knife mechanism and a protective cover.

Do-it-yourself examples of drawings of branch shredders clearly show that various crushing mechanisms can be used for the cutting system.

In the case of using a typeset package of circular saws, the chopper drawing will be quite simple. A shaft with fixed circular saws in the amount of 15-30 pieces is installed on a metal frame, which is driven by an engine using a belt drive. To do this, pulleys are located at the ends of the shaft and the motor. As the do-it-yourself chopper drawings show, the branches for heating the house are crushed precisely thanks to such a cutting system.

Useful advice! For more efficient operation of the shredder, thin plastic or metal separators should be installed between the saw blades.

To create a shredder with a knife disc grinding system, the drawing indicates the diameter of the cutting disc, the number of knives and their location. The disk itself can be placed vertically or at some angle. The number of knives affects the degree of grinding. They can be from 1 to 3 pieces.

There is an option to create a chipper with two shafts. You can get acquainted with such a grinding system in the video. Do-it-yourself branch chopper drawings with a two-roll cutting system are distinguished by the presence of two shafts with knives at once, which are located between metal plates. Each shaft is equipped with 3-4 knives. The knives themselves are fixed with bolts and shifted to the side relative to the center of the shaft.

Four bearings are fixed in the holes of the metal plates, which are responsible for the free rotation of the shafts. And two gears driven by a motor ensure their synchronous rotation. Torque from the engine to the drive is transmitted using a chain or belt drive. The distance between the shafts is selected based on the width of the knives and the thickness of the branches.

Useful advice! For shredding small branches and grass, electric motors with a high number of revolutions are required. And for chopping larger branches, strength is important. Here it is necessary to reduce the number of revolutions for powerful engines.

Necessary materials for the manufacture of the chopper

To make a garden chipper, where a set of circular saws acts as a chopping system, you need to purchase the following components:

circular saws in the amount of 15-20 pcs. diameter 18 cm;
engine;
2 pulleys;
2 bearings with fastening;
metal washers in the amount of 17-22 pieces up to 5 mm thick for separating circular saws;

profile pipes to create a frame;
sheet metal with a thickness of about 2 mm for the hopper and casing.

For a shredder with a knife disk you will need:

engine;
sheet metal 2 mm thick;
sheet of metal and knives for the disk.

To create a chopper with two shafts, you need to purchase the following materials:

gasoline or electric motor;
two metal plates 10 mm thick:
a pair of gears to ensure synchronous movement of the shafts;
a gear or pulley for transmitting torque from the engine to the shafts;
pulley for the motor shaft;

5 bearings with fasteners;
chopping knives;
profile pipes to create a frame;
sheet metal with a thickness of at least 2 mm to create a receiving hopper and a protective casing.

Shredder Assembly

Having all the necessary elements, you can safely proceed to create the design of a garden shredder with your own hands based on the completed drawing. The assembly of a garden shredder, regardless of the type of mechanism design, consists of several successive stages:

Frame installation.
Building a bunker.
Assembly of the grinding mechanism.
Installation of the engine and the grinding device on the frame.

Creation of a chopper with a stackable package of circular saws

Useful advice! Do not place saw teeth on the same line, fixing them on the shaft. It is better to install them randomly. This reduces the load on the shaft and the shredder motor.

It is better to use an electric motor, which during operation is almost silent and does not emit harmful substances into the atmosphere. For crushing coarse material, you can use a walk-behind tractor, which has a lot of power. The engine should be placed on a movable support so that the drive tension can be adjusted.

Creating a shredder with a knife disc

Instructions for assembling a two-roll shredder

Work begins with the creation of a frame. To do this, using an angle grinder, two blanks 80 cm long and four parts 40 cm long are cut from a profile pipe. Next, short sections are welded between two long blanks at a right angle. The two internal parts must be placed at such a distance relative to each other to ensure reliable installation of the chopping drum.

Useful advice! For the device to be mobile, the design must have wheels for movement. To do this, two racks are welded to the frame, on which an axle with wheels is attached.

To create knives, you can take a small piece of Kamaz spring leaf. Holes for bolts are made in the knives. Then you should sharpen the knives on a grinding machine, where the angle of the cutting edge is selected with a value of 35-45 degrees. Next, the sharpened knives are applied to the shaft and the places of their attachment are marked, in which holes are created, and the thread is cut.

How to make a chopper from improvised materials

Shredder from a grinder and a vacuum cleaner

The metal table is located on a wooden stationary base. You should also install a protective cover that will prevent the reverse movement of chopped branches.

Such a simple version of a do-it-yourself garden shredder, a video proof of this, can be easily created at your dacha, without complicated work steps and the purchase of additional materials.

Washing machine shredder

Drill Shredder

Another elementary invention is a homemade shredder using an electric drill. The principle of operation of such a mechanism resembles a vegetable cutter.

Subtleties when choosing an engine for a shredder

A certain engine power provides the necessary performance of the chopper. When choosing an engine, you should be guided by some important rules:

For small branches, you should choose an engine with a power of at least 2 kW. The higher the power rating, the greater the performance and technical capability of the shredder.
For grinding soft waste in the form of grass and leaves, a 1.5 kW engine will be enough.
The power of the gasoline engine must not be less than 6 hp.
Too powerful motors over 3.5 kW should not be used. They consume a lot of electricity, but the maximum performance of the unit is not achieved.
The number of engine revolutions does not have a big effect on the performance of the grinder. Here, the frequency of revolution of the knives is important, which is ensured by the V-belt drive.
For reliable chopping of branches, the speed of the knife shaft should not exceed 1500 rpm. This is due to the correct selection of the diameters of the driving and driven pulleys.

Useful advice! Pulleys for a belt drive are best done for 3-4 streams. This will allow you to change the speed on the shaft by shifting the belt, which is necessary for different operating conditions of the chopper.

The main advantages of homemade garden shredders

Homemade shredder does not require too careful attitude. It can be used not only for chopping grass, leaves and branches. It will ideally recycle any household waste. It can be used to grind fruits of fruit trees for subsequent preparation of puree, jam or homemade wine.

In addition, a homemade garden chipper is distinguished by its degree of performance. All garden waste that enters the shredding mechanism is instantly processed into small chips.

As can be seen from the foregoing, a reliable and faithful assistant for shredding garden debris can be created with your own hands from improvised materials. It is enough to have some skills in locksmithing, to have in your garage parts of old equipment, the necessary tools and materials. Next, choosing the most acceptable way for yourself, sketch out a drawing of a branch chopper with your own hands. Videos of various options for the execution of a homemade shredder can be viewed on the Internet. Based on the drawing, prepare all the necessary elements and proceed to the collection of the chopper.

Let's look at the different types and designs of garden shredders for branches, wood chips, grass and grain that can handle any type of plant waste. For you, we have collected a selection of drawings and instructions for making a do-it-yourself knife garden shredder.

There are always a lot of cut branches, grass, tops and other plant waste in the garden. You can collect them and burn them, you can put them in a huge pile in the hope that someday you will get compost, or you can prepare raw materials for quick production. organic fertilizer, for introducing wood chips into the soil in order to improve its structure, you can get an excellent mulch or fuel for the boiler. To do this, you need a garden shredder, which you can buy, or you can do it yourself.

Advice! Protect your hands and eyes when operating the shredder, especially if you are shredding solid waste. Glasses and leather gloves will protect you from injury.

Types of garden shredders, main components and elements

Shredders consist of a cutting mechanism, a drive, a loading hopper and a frame with a sheathing. In addition, they can be equipped with a hopper of crushed organic matter. Of the auxiliary means: a pusher and a sieve, which is used to obtain a certain fraction of wood chips. The residue on the sieve is sent for re-grinding.

Garden shredders are classified according to the type of cutting system and the type of drive.

Cutting systems

Commercially available chippers may have cutting systems:

roll - branches and bushes;
hammer - thin branches;
milling - solid vegetable raw materials;
with a rotating turbine - thick branches;
knife - universal;
trimmer (fishing line instead of knives) - grass, tops.

1 - hammer grinder; 2 - milling grinder; 3 - chopper with milling-turbine knives; 4 - knife disk chopper

There are other designs as well. For self-manufacturing suitable knife and type-setting of circular saws. The most common are knife blades, and the knives can be fixed on a massive disk in two, three or more pieces or rotate towards each other in a two-roll design.

type of drive

Garden shredders can be powered by electricity or use two- and four-stroke gasoline engines. In practice, when making a do-it-yourself unit, they use an engine from a walk-behind tractor, which is idle for most of the year, or remove the motor from an unnecessary household appliances. The main thing at the same time is that the power is sufficient - not lower than 1.1 kW. If there is nothing suitable, you can buy new engine, but in this case, the benefits of a homemade chopper are no longer so tangible compared to a purchased product.

Some shredders that process exceptionally soft raw materials, such as succulent animal feed, may not be driven and run on human muscle effort. Below are drawings of shredders that you can do yourself.

Homemade hand choppers. A - two-knife chopper: 1 - knives; 2 - counter-cutting plates. B - multi-knife greens chopper: 1 - knives; 2 - counter-cutting plates; 3 - base frame. B - root crop grinder: 1 - shell; 2 - bearing; 3 - drum; 4 - cross; 5 - handle; 6 - end wall of the body; 7 - shield; 8 - pitched tray board; 9 - stand; 10 - side wall of the case

In the first picture, the knives are made from old, one-sidedly sharpened saws; in the second, the knives and blades are made from saw blades. On the knives, oblique teeth are machined, like a saw, in 5 mm increments. Both shredders are equipped with long handles for lighter effort. The working part of the third structure is made in the form of a drum with notches, the sharp edges of which stick out.

Drawings of various designs of garden shredders

Consider several designs of shredders that you can assemble yourself.

Hammer grinder blueprint

Hammer grinder can crush branches, straw, corn stalks, grain.

1 - loading hopper (sheet δ1 mm); 2 - edging the neck of the loading hopper (corner 25x25); 3 - damper/valve (sheet δ1 mm); 4 - M6 bolt for screed (8 pcs.); 5 - framing the loading opening in the body (an equal-shelf corner 25 mm); 6 - hairpin M8 (8 pcs.); 7 - outer drum of the body (pipe Ø 270x6); 8 - stator with grooves (pipe Ø 258x6); 9 and 20 - hammers and spacers (sheet δ3 mm, hardened to hardness HRC 45-47, 72 pcs. and 70 pcs., respectively); 10 - latch Ø 3 (4 pcs.); 11 - M20 nut with spring washer; 12 - axis of the hammers (circle Ø 22, 4 pcs.); 13, 14 - piping piping (equal-shelf angle 25 mm); 15, 19 - gaskets (rubber, sheet δ3 mm); 16 - M8 nut for fastening the flange (8 pcs); 17 - hammer rotor; 18 — flange (sheet δ5 mm, 2 pieces); 21 - retainer; 22 - drive shaft

Cutting Tool - Circular Saw Pack

A pack of 15-30 saw blades mounted on a shaft is one option for a shredder cutting system. Some craftsmen point out that the saw teeth quickly become clogged with plant matter. Others claim that they have achieved good work of the tool empirically - by setting teeth differently relative to neighboring saws. Since the carbide teeth are thicker than the blade itself, thin separators made of metal (for example, washers) or plastic must be installed between the saws, and the entire package is clamped with nuts.

Pack of 15 saws on the shaft

As a drive, you can use a low-power walk-behind tractor, pulleys and bearings - used parts from a VAZ car. The bell of the loading hopper is a truncated pyramid, the outlet is small so that the human hand does not pass. It is better to make the frame for the chopper higher in order to remove the crushed raw materials less often.

Set of saw blades M20

Side view

Two-roll chopper

This chopper cuts branches into measured lengths from 2 to 8 cm, convenient for heating a sauna or wood-fired heating boiler. Its design consists of two shafts with knives - 3-4 pieces per shaft, rigidly fixed with bolts. Knives can be machined from a KamAZ or MAZ spring. If you can find a bulldozer knife, that's fine too. The shafts are fixed on massive sheets in parallel, at a distance sufficient for the knives to cut off the branch, but not to cling to each other. The free rotation of the shafts is provided by bearings, and their synchronization is achieved by a gear clutch moving with the help of a belt (chain) from the engine. To drive this grinder, it is advisable to use a high-power engine, but low speed.

If you want to create a mobile chopper, you need to provide wheel mounts on the frame.

frame element

Axle and shaft

Shaft Assembly

The location of the shafts on the frame

Shafts from a square billet for 4 knives

The video shows a chopper with gears: driven gears - from the MTZ shank, fitted to the desired size, the drive gear (gear for transmitting torque to the shafts) was found by selection.

Making a garden shredder with your own hands

The most structurally simple and inexpensive chopper can be made from a disk with knives fixed on it, an engine, a frame and a hopper. The disk and knives can be turned on your own, ordered from a turner, or bought parts in a store. A cultivator engine is suitable as a drive, and it is not difficult to weld the frame and the hopper yourself.

Depending on how many knives are used and how they are set, the fraction of the resulting mulch may be different. The drawing below shows the basic design of such a grinder: a disk with four knives is installed vertically. Also, the design works well if the disk is fixed at an angle to the horizontal, and there are only 1 or 2 knives.

Assembly drawing: 1 - knives 4 pcs.; 2 - disk cutter; 3 - bearings No. 307

Operating procedure:

Buy, order or grind your own disk with knives. The angle of sharpening knives is 35-45 degrees. The knife blade should have holes for bolts for attaching to the blade. It is important to correctly set the knives and secure them with bolts and stops.
Weld the frame, taking into account the fasteners for the drive and other elements.
Push the disc onto the drive shaft and secure.
Weld the feeding hopper and, if necessary, the receiving hopper of the chopped mass.
Collect all the elements on the frame.

If the frame is mounted on wheels, then the structure becomes mobile.

Disc turning