"That"s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind ' said Armstrong, but he assured that he actually said: “That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind ”, - just the features of the connection, they say, distorted the sound. In Russian translation, both of these phrases sound the same: "This is one small step for a person, but a giant leap for humanity." However, there is a subtle stylistic nuance here, which greatly upset the leaders of NASA, and indeed all opponents. Soviet Union in the then Cold War (and only illiteracy or deliberate inattention of the Soviet authorities can explain the fact that they did not then shout to the whole world about this “slip of the tongue”).
« Aman"- this is a" person, just a person, no matter what, but of course, rather John than Ivan, because the Americans were the first to set foot on the moon. BUT "man” without the indefinite article “a” - this is not just a person, but a representative of the entire human race, and therefore the priority of the United States in the lunar breakthrough was not indicated in the historical phrase.
For a long time, Armstrong claimed that he uttered this phrase spontaneously, but then, of course, it turned out that everything was a little different - it was invented by NASA long before the too significant Apollo 11 lunar mission.
Neil suddenly said: "I know you'll like it, but see for yourself," and filed a piece of paper with two lines about the first small step - the indefinite article "a" before the word "man" was not there.
And now, three months after Neil Armstrong's death, his younger brother Dean, in an interview with the BBC, said that Neil decided to do without the indefinite article even before the flight.
Dean Armstrong said that that day, shortly before the launch, they, as always, played their favorite game "Risk" (a game of "conquest of the world", a kind of "monopoly"), started talking about the future of the flight and that it say, stepping on the moon. There were many suggestions, from Shakespearean to biblical phrases. And Neil suddenly said: “I know you will like it, but see for yourself,” and handed him a piece of paper with two lines about the first small step - the indefinite article “a” before the word “man" there was no.
In July 1969, Neil Armstrong (like Gagarin, a first-class military pilot) did what none of his team could do - in unexpectedly difficult conditions, he turned off the computer that could not cope with the situation and managed to manually land his device on the moon. In his own way he was great person, but he did not want to be a great man of one event, and subsequently quickly said goodbye to NASA, returned to his native state of Ohio, taught aeronautics at the university, flew his own plane, avoided interviews and stated about his flight to the moon: “I just did my job ". Most likely, he was against communist Russia, but did not want to make a difference between the two in this great step, and therefore deliberately omitted the indefinite article "a", which was so important for the Cold War era. Perhaps, however, there are other explanations for his act.
Do you want to know better than a man? Ask him about the moon landing. His answer will allow you to immediately determine whether it is worth continuing to communicate with him, hiring or signing a long-term contract.
The point here, in fact, is not the Americans and the attitude towards them ... Although no, this is also the case. We admit that now in Russian society the attitude towards America is negative, many are not satisfied with them foreign policy, technological superiority, sanctions. But today's attitude of a person to someone or something is in no way able to influence the events of the past. And here is the first characteristic of a person: is his subjective view and preferences capable of influencing an adequate perception of reality? Do you need such a friend, partner or colleague who builds his own little world in his imagination, where he can live comfortably? Yes, we all live in such worlds, but some still try not to break away from reality.
Landing on the moon is a most complicated technical operation that required the efforts of tens of thousands of highly qualified professionals. This is a colossal innovation and risk. And all the details of this mission are detailed in millions of pages of published documents, scientific publications, photos and video. To understand the details of the flight to the moon and return back, not only and not so much engineering and space competence is required, but the desire to find out how it was. How did they land and take off? Where is the lunar soil now and who is studying it? What footprints are left on the moon and how to see them? Can cosmic radiation harm people in flight?.. All questions have answers. But if a person continues to ask them, expecting or demanding answers from you, then this is also his characteristic: he is not ready to seek new knowledge, is incapable or lazy in finding answers to questions that interest him, and he is quite satisfied with the first version of the answer that came across, if he just likes or fits his beliefs. When a space engineer asks such questions, it is simply an admission of his incompetence, and, unfortunately, such questions are now working at Roscosmos enterprises. Fortunately, they are few.
The lunar conspiracy is a big lie, a big fear and a big venality. It will take thousands of people involved in faking the various stages of the mission. After all, it’s not enough to make a movie, you still need to hide a hundred-meter rocket somewhere after launch, assemble a model of a landing ship, dig it out, and then rip kilometers of the “lunar” surface without a trace. Well, it's Americans, everyone knows how they know how to make movies, love money and are able to tell tales about Saddam's weapons of mass destruction or the nobility of Syrian terrorists. But after all, the lunar conspiracy requires the involvement of a much larger circle of people from other countries. What about the specialists who ensured the flights of Vostok, Voskhod and Soyuz, built the H1 superrocket, and taxied the Lunokhods on the Moon? They had no doubts about the validity of the landing, and tell how they closely followed the American lunar program. So are they idiots or liars? Were they deceived by a Hollywood craft that schoolchildren with photoshop are now exposing, or for some reason did they get involved in the biggest lie in the history of mankind? What about European, Soviet and Russian, Japanese and Indian scientists who studied the lunar soil, launched satellites to the Moon and did not see any signs of a fake? Did they sell out or were they intimidated so that they agreed to lie and sacrifice all their scientific authority?
Or maybe everything is simpler: there was a real landing, our specialists congratulated the competitors on a worthy victory, and cosmonauts, astronauts and scientists from all over the world continued to study space and the Moon together? And only a believer in a conspiracy is ready to admit that the most worthy representatives of humanity are corrupt and / or cowardly liars. What then does he think of those around him in Everyday life, and about you as well?
The flight to the Moon is the most outstanding achievement of Mankind. The unattainable pinnacle of science and technology of the entire civilization of the Earth. Without Mendeleev, the fuel would not have flared up, without Kepler, the orbit would not have been laid, without Pythagoras, the drawing of the ship and rocket would not have appeared. This is our victory too. Although the Americans left traces in the dust, but without the flights of Gagarin and Leonov, there would have been no steps of Armstrong and Cernan. It was a race, and it is impossible if someone is running alone. This is one of those achievements that is only possible thanks to bold decisions, a high concentration of strength and will, faith in a person's ability to create the impossible and make dreams come true. Denying or even doubting the landing on the moon is a voluntary rejection of all these qualities. Ask the doubters of the lunar program what they think about the construction of the pyramids. I guarantee with a 95% chance that these people will tell you about aliens or the Atlantean civilization or whatever, instead of admitting that a simple Egyptian in a reed bandage with a copper pick in his hands was capable of such an incredible construction. This is not a matter of technology, it is a matter of attitude, because each of us looks at others through the prism of ourselves. Am I capable of great things? It means that others are the same: both the peasant of the Old Kingdom, and the engineer of the USA. So who would you like to be friends with and work with, someone who doesn't believe in themselves and others, or someone who is ready for great things?
By the way, this nuance was played up in the recent blockbuster "Watchmen" - I saw the director's cut with subtitles the other day, great thing! A small quote from "Battle for the Moon":
July 21, 1969, at 2 hours 57 minutes GMT, 109 hours 24 minutes after the launch from earth's surface Neil Armstrong said, "That one small step for man is one giant leap for mankind."
Interestingly, this first phrase of a man on the moon has long been the subject of heated debate. In the original, it sounds like this: “That"s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind", but it would be more correct to write and say: "That"s one small step for a man", however, the article "a" on the record transmitted from "Apollo 11" is not audible. What does it change? Just the meaning of the message. Due to the vagaries of English grammar, it actually came out that Armstrong said "One small step for mankind, one giant leap for mankind", since in the spoken phrase the words "for man" instead of "for a man" mean "for the human race" rather than for "man" (in the sense, "for me, Armstrong").
The Americans started talking about this mistake of the first man on the moon immediately after the flight. Over time, it turned into one of the so-called "urban legends", the meaning of which boils down to the following: "Do you know that poor Neal was so worried that he inadvertently made a grammatical mistake?"
Armstrong himself always assured that he said everything correctly, and the ill-fated article "a" was probably drowned out by statistical interference during radio transmission.
Australian programmer Peter Shann Ford became interested in this old story. He took a recording of Armstrong's phrase, processed it using a special program and found a clear trace of the pronounced "a" - thus, the astronaut was proven right, which greatly pleased the latter.
However, there are people who are sure that the first phrase that Neil Armstrong uttered when he set foot on the moon was not a small speech about the “first step”, but a cryptic wish: “Good luck to you, Mr. Kampinski!” (English: "Good luck, Mr. Kumpinski!"). Proponents of this "urban legend" claim that as a child, young Neil accidentally overheard a quarrel between his neighbors, Mr. and Mrs. Kampinski. And allegedly, Mrs. Kampinski, in the heat of the moment, shouted at her husband: “I hate you, freak! I'll take it in your mouth only if the neighbor boy takes a walk on the moon!
The legend looks more than doubtful, because, firstly, it is too literary; secondly, it is known that Armstrong, even compared to other NASA astronauts, was always more balanced and laconic, and therefore carefully monitored what he said and how; thirdly, those who like to retell this legend cannot agree on what the name of Armstrong's neighbor was - Kampinski, Gorski, Gurski, Brown, or even Marriot? ..
Sincerely,
Anton Pervushin
45 years ago, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on the Sea of Tranquility.
They were taken to the Moon by the Apollo 11 spacecraft.
American astronauts spent 21 hours, 36 minutes and 21 seconds on the moon. It is known that Buzz Aldrin was a Freemason, more details.
Neil Armstrong, stepping on the moon, said the words that the whole world knows:
"It's one small step for a man, but a giant leap for all mankind."
The success of Apollo 11 meant the victory of the United States over the USSR in the exploration of the moon. But something went wrong. Let's figure it out.
UFO on the moon
The Americans canceled the lunar program not because they had no money. Apollo flights 18, 19 and 20 have already been paid for.
They were forced to do this because they encountered unknown extraterrestrial forces on the surface of the moon during the first flight to the moon.
Alien ships flew all the time near the Apollo 11 during the flight of American astronauts to the moon in 1969.
Neil Armstrong, the crew commander, constantly reported this to the NASA control center. But what could they do?
Already on the moon, Armstrong was ordered not to go to the lunar surface, but he disobeyed and went to the moon.
Because of this, in the future, he was suspended from space flights, while receiving the strictest reprimand.
A unique audio recording is known in which Neil Armstrong speaks in understandable words about UFO on the moon. This recording, which was conducted over a secret, closed communication channel, was made public by former NASA President Christopher Craft.
The motives of his act are unclear, because Kraft was a high-ranking freemason, and they know how to keep secrets. But, be that as it may, the record exists and it is genuine. It can be easily found on the Internet.
Here is an excerpt from the conversation between Neil Armstrong, the captain of the Apollo 11 spacecraft, and NASA Mission Control. The recording was made on July 21, 1969 on the Moon, in the Sea of Tranquility.
NASA - Repeat your last message.
Armstrong - I say there are other spaceships here. They stand in a straight line on the other side of the crater.
NASA - Repeat, repeat.
Armstrong - Let us probe this sphere. 125 to 5. Automatic relay connected. My hands are shaking so badly that I can't do anything. Take it off? Oh my God, if those damn cameras pick up anything, what then?
NASA - Can you film anything?
Armstrong - I don't have any tape on hand anymore. Three skewer shots or whatever you call that thing ruined the film.
NASA - Regain control. Are they in front of you? Any UFO noises?
Armstrong - They landed here. They are here and they are watching us.
Initially, the expedition to the moon was planned with one goal in mind: to find alien UFO bases. The Americans hoped to get evidence of extraterrestrial intelligence on the Moon and, if they were lucky, acquire new technologies there.
As a result of the flight to the moon, the Americans were given to understand that they had nothing to do there. Extraterrestrial forces based on the Moon ended up driving the Americans away from the Moon.
The Russians were also well aware of UFO on the moon. The testimonies of Soviet cosmonauts eloquently testify to this. If desired, the Russians could be the first to be on the moon.
But they prudently chose to launch pieces of iron on it - moon rovers, and not risk people.
"There are extraterrestrial forces that are stronger than we thought. I have no right to say anything more about this."
Wernher von Braun - head of the American lunar program
The Germans developed their science very powerfully. In fact, they created many of the things that we use now, it's just that other countries snapped up patents after the war.
For example, former Nazi Wernher von Braun and his associates took the United States into space. If it were not for the Germans, who were taken to the United States after the war, it is not known whether the United States would have flown to the moon or not.
When the Soviet satellite reached the moon and the Americans landed on the moon for the first time, flashes went on the surface of the moon and some of the craters disappeared. Perhaps these were alien bases disguised as "craters".
Flashes were recorded by the space agencies of all countries who observed the Moon at that time. This is not a fake. These are well-known facts that are not customary to talk about.
Exactly 43 years ago, Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon. This happened on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC.
The astronauts planted a US flag at the landing site, placed a set of scientific instruments and collected 21.55 kg of lunar soil samples, which were delivered to Earth. After the flight, the crew members and samples of lunar rock underwent strict quarantine, which did not reveal any lunar microorganisms dangerous to humans.
left to right: Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, Buzz Aldrin
By the evening of July 15, 500,000 tourists who wanted to witness the historic event arrived in Brevard County, Florida, where Cape Canaveral and the Kennedy Space Center are located. By early next morning, the number was expected to reach 1 million. 1000 police officers tried to deal with traffic jams. The number of cars coming from afar was expected to be 300,000. The local civil defense headquarters calculated that if this number of cars were put bumper to bumper, their line would stretch for about 1600 km. This was practically equal to the length of all roads available in the district. Many arrivals were accommodated for the night right on the beach of the small town of Coco Beach and on more remote beaches, from where a brightly lit rocket was clearly visible in the darkness. All hotels and motels in Brevard County were booked well in advance of launch day. Not a single free place was not even in the hotels of Orlando, 97 km to the west, and Daytona, 120 km to the north. All kinds of businesses flourished in the area. Motel owners have bought and rented extra cots, sunbeds and sun loungers to put next to the pools and rent out for the last two nights to those who can't find rooms in the hotels. 300 households in the Cocoa Beach area hosted guests, some for free, but most for $20-$25 per person per night. Restaurant owners made extraordinary stocks of groceries, but still feared that there would not be enough and that delivery trucks would simply not be able to get through the traffic. Stores were full of Apollo 11-themed souvenirs and toys, restaurants were offering $1.25 Rise martinis, and supermarket doors were littered with signs saying, "We'll be open all night the night before liftoff." All this, according to forecasts, should have brought Brevard County an income of 4-5 million dollars.
Launch and first day of flight
Apollo 11 launched on Wednesday, July 16, 1969 at 13:32 UTC. Among the 5,000 guests of honor at the Kennedy Space Center were the 36th President of the United States, Lyndon Johnson, current Vice President Spiro Agnew, and German rocket pioneer Hermann Oberth. 3,100 members of the press were seated on a separate platform. There was occasional applause during takeoff, but most of the spectators watched in silence until Apollo 11 was out of sight. The event was broadcast live on television in 33 countries on 6 continents. According to some estimates, about 25 million viewers watched it in the United States alone. Soviet television and radio reported on the launch of Apollo 11, but not live (a short story was shown on the main evening news program). After takeoff, US President Richard Nixon at the White House declared the following Monday, July 21, when the astronauts were supposed to be on the moon, National Participation Day and a non-working day for government employees (Eng. National Day of Participation). Local authorities and private businesses across the country supported this initiative.
Second day of flight
July 17th White House announced that the Apollo 11 astronauts were bringing commemorative medals to the moon dedicated to the dead Soviet cosmonauts Yuri Gagarin and Vladimir Komarov. They were brought from a trip to the USSR by Frank Borman, to whom they were handed over by the widows of the astronauts. On board the ship are also the Apollo 204 emblem (Apollo 1) and commemorative medals minted for the families of astronauts Virgil Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee before their death on January 27, 1967.
Third day of flight
On July 18, the Soviet newspaper Izvestia reported Richard Nixon's announcement that the Apollo 11 astronauts would leave commemorative medals on the Moon in honor of Soviet cosmonauts Yuri Gagarin and Vladimir Komarov. The note about the flight did not contain any comments. On the same day, in response to a telephone request from Frank Bormann, President of the USSR Academy of Sciences Mstislav Keldysh sent a telegram in which he assured the American side that Luna-15, orbiting the Moon, would not interfere with the Apollo 11 flight. Keldysh promised to inform Bormann of any changes in the flight path of Luna-15, if they occur.
A picture of the Earth taken by the Apollo 11 astronauts at the beginning of the third day of the flight to the Moon from a distance of about 300,000 km. Europe, Africa and the Arabian Peninsula are clearly visible
The fourth day of the flight and entering the orbit of the moon
While the astronauts were still asleep, the decision was made at Mission Control in Houston to abandon Interim Course Correction No. 4 as well. Shortly after the crew awakened, Apollo 11 entered the shadow cast by the Moon. For the first time during the flight, the astronauts saw the sky strewn with stars, and were able to distinguish the constellations. They photographed the solar corona. Collins reported to Mission Control that the moon's ashen light was bright enough to read a book.
First landing on the moon
On July 20, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin moved into the lunar module, activated and tested all of its systems, and brought the folded landing stage legs into position. Michael Collins in the onboard telescope of the command module on the 12th orbit observed landmarks on approach to the main landing area to clarify the data in the navigation system and the start time of the controlled descent of the lunar module. After that, Apollo 11 received the go-ahead to undock the command and service and lunar modules. At the start of orbit 13, while Apollo 11 was over the far side of the Moon, Columbia and Eagle undocked. Armstrong, using the thrusters of the attitude control system, made a complete rotation of the lunar module around the vertical axis, Collins visually examined it and reported that the landing stage legs opened normally. When communication with the Earth was restored, Armstrong reported to the control center in Houston about the undocking.
Lunar Module Eagle in orbit around the Moon after undocking with Command Module Columbia
At an altitude of about 460 m, Armstrong saw that the autopilot was leading the ship to a point on the near edge of a large crater surrounded by a field of boulders up to 2-3 meters in diameter (later it was found that this is the West Crater, English. West Crater, with a diameter of 165 m). In a post-flight interview, he said that he initially considered this place to be good, since from a scientific point of view, landing near a large crater would be very valuable. However, Armstrong quickly realized that it would not be possible to land the Eagle in a fairly safe place without reaching the crater. He decided to fly it. At an altitude of approximately 140 meters, the commander switched the computer to semi-automatic mode, in which the landing stage motor is controlled automatically and maintains a constant vertical speed of 1 m / s, and the attitude control system motors are controlled completely manually. Armstrong reduced the tilt of the Lunar Module back from 18° to 5° from vertical. This increased the horizontal forward speed to 64 km/h. When the lunar module flew over the crater, the commander began to look for a place suitable for landing, and chose a relatively flat area between small craters and a field of boulders. At a height of about 80 meters, the vertical rate of descent was about 0.5 m/s. Aldrin reported that 8% of the fuel remained. A few seconds later, he added that he saw the shadow of the "Eagle" on the surface of the moon. During the final approach, the lunar module was turned about 13° to the left of the course, and the shadow was out of Armstrong's field of view. At that moment, a warning came on that the computer was not receiving data from the landing radar. This went on for several seconds. At an altitude of 30 meters, Aldrin reported that there was 5% fuel left and that a warning light had come on. A 94-second countdown has begun, at the end of which Armstrong will have only 20 seconds left to land the ship or urgently abort the landing and take off.
As Armstrong recalled, at a height of about 9 meters, the Eagle, for some unknown reason, began to move to the left and back. It was possible to cope with the backward movement, but it was not possible to completely extinguish the movement to the left. It was impossible to slow down the descent or hover even more, since there was very little fuel left, and the allowable time limit before aborting the landing was almost exhausted (in one of his interviews in 2001, Armstrong recalled that he wanted this first landing to go as smoothly as possible , but at the same time, he knew that if the horizontal velocity was canceled and the ship leveled out, then it was possible to fall from a height of about 12 meters and even more, in conditions of weak lunar gravity, the landing stage supports should have withstand the impact). Shortly after Aldrin reported a height of 6m, a vertical speed of 0.15m/s, and a horizontal speed of 1.2m/s, Duke of Houston warned that 30 seconds remained. 9 seconds after this warning, Aldrin yelled "Contact signal!" This happened at 20:17:39 UTC on July 20 (102 hours 45 minutes 39.9 from flight time)
During the first two hours of their stay on the Moon, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin were busy simulating the pre-launch preparation (eng. Simulated Countdown), in case, for some reason, it would be necessary to terminate their stay on the Moon ahead of schedule. After landing, the next opportunity to take off and rendezvous with the "Columbia" was provided on the next turn, after 1 hour 58 minutes. A prelaunch simulation was included in the flight plan at Aldrin's suggestion. For the first landing, this seemed not at all superfluous, but not a single subsequent crew did anything like that again. During small pauses, the astronauts looked out the windows and told Houston about their first impressions. Aldrin said that the color of the surface is highly dependent on the angle at which you look at it relative to the Sun. According to him, there was no general, primary color at all. According to Armstrong, the color of the surface at the landing site was the same as it was perceived from orbit at a given angle of elevation of the Sun (about 10 °). It is mostly grey, pale gray and slightly brownish when viewed away from the Sun, and with darker shades of gray when viewed at 90° to the Sun. The area around was relatively flat with a large number of craters with a diameter of 1.5 to 15 m and literally thousands of very small craters with a diameter of 0.3-0.6 m. In the distance ahead, at a distance of 1-2 km, a hill was visible, although the distance to it was difficult to define. Armstrong reported that no stars were visible from the surface at all, but the large and bright Earth was perfectly visible through the docking window located above his head. After simulating pre-launch preparations, Armstrong requested permission from Houston, instead of rest, which was the next item in the flight plan, to begin surface approach in about three hours. Permission was given in less than half a minute, it was clear to everyone that the emotional state of the astronauts would still not let them fall asleep. In addition, the mission's main event moved from midnight US East Coast time to prime time.
After opening the exit hatch, at 109 hours 16 minutes 49 seconds of flight time, Armstrong, turning his back on him, began to slowly squeeze into it. Aldrin prompted him in which direction to move and turn, so as not to catch on to anything. Once out on the platform above the stairs, Armstrong first rehearsed the return to the lunar module. He crawled back into it and knelt down. Everything worked out fine. Taking the bag of garbage that Aldrin gave him, he climbed out onto the platform again and threw the bag onto the lunar surface. After that, Armstrong pulled the ring and opened the cargo compartment of the landing stage to the left of the stairs (when looking at the lunar module), thereby turning on the TV camera. Descending onto the round plate of the lunar module support, Armstrong jumped back onto the bottom step of the stairs and informed Aldrin that it was possible to go back, but he had to jump hard. He jumped down onto the plate again and reported to Houston that the module's legs were pressed into the surface by only 2.5-5 cm, although the lunar soil is very fine-grained, almost like powder when viewed from a close distance. Holding the ladder with his right hand, Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface with his left foot (the right one remained on the plate) and said: This is one small step for a man, but a giant leap for all mankind.
This happened at 109 hours 24 minutes 20 seconds of flight time, or at 02 hours 56 minutes 15 seconds UTC on July 21, 1969. Still holding on to the ladder with his hand, Armstrong stepped onto the ground with his right foot and reported his first impressions. According to him, small particles of soil were like powder, which can be easily tossed up toe. They stuck in thin layers to the soles and sides of the moonboots like crushed charcoal. Feet sank into it quite a bit, no more than 0.3 cm. But Armstrong could see his footprints on the surface. The astronaut reported that moving on the Moon is not difficult at all, in fact it is even easier than during simulations of 1/6 of the Earth's gravity on Earth. According to Armstrong's observations, the landing stage engine did not leave any crater on the surface, about 0.3 m between the nozzle bell and the ground, and the lunar module stood on a very level place. Although he was in the shadow of the lunar module, Armstrong, according to him, could clearly see the entire surface of the Eagle and Buzz in the porthole, the reflected light from the illuminated surface was quite bright. With the help of a lunar equipment conveyor, which was a flat cable with carbines, Aldrin handed a camera to Armstrong, and the commander began to shoot the first lunar panorama. Houston reminded him of the emergency sample of lunar soil (in case the stay on the Moon had to be urgently interrupted). Armstrong collected it using a special device that looked like a small net, and put it in a pouch in the hip pocket of his suit. The mass of the emergency sample was 1015.29 g. It consisted of regolith and four small stones of approximately 50 g each.
15 minutes after Armstrong took the first step on the moon, Aldrin began to descend from the cockpit. Armstrong, standing below, not far from the stairs, corrected his movements and photographed. Having descended onto the support plate, Aldrin, like Armstrong before him, tried to jump onto the first step of the stairs, but he succeeded only on the second attempt. Jumping down, he looked around, holding on to the ladder, and said, “Nice view! Gorgeous desert! After a few steps, Aldrin jumped slightly in place. Armstrong at the same time made three high jumps, up to half a meter in height. At the post-flight interview, he said that it was not difficult to maintain balance while walking, but while jumping up, he began to fill up backwards, and once he almost fell, so he decided that jumping was enough.
They stayed on the Moon for a total of 21 hours 36 minutes 21 seconds.
Return to Earth
Shortly before entering the dense layers of the Earth's atmosphere, the service module was separated and retracted from the command module, the latter was deployed with a blunt end forward. At 195 hours 03 minutes 06 seconds of flight time, Apollo 11 entered the dense layers of the atmosphere at an altitude of 122 km from the Earth's surface at a speed of 11 km/s. After 15 minutes, the ship splashed down 3 km from the calculated point and 24 km from the Hornet aircraft carrier
In the Soviet Union, the delivery of astronauts aboard the Hornet aircraft carrier for the first time during the entire mission was broadcast live on television via the Intervision system. On the same evening, the first two-thirds of the main information program were devoted to the successful completion of the Apollo 11 flight, including the announcement that Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, sent a congratulatory telegram to President Nixon with best wishes to the astronauts.
The astronauts had to be in quarantine for 21 days (counting from the moment they took off from the moon). At the Lunar Reception Laboratory (LRL), they were greeted by 12 staff and specialists, including a doctor and a spokesman for the Center for Manned Flight in Houston, who had already been in quarantine for a week. The crew was given one day of rest, after which they began a post-flight technical survey, writing reports and regular medical examinations and tests. In his free time, you could work out in the gym, read, watch TV, play table tennis. Communication with families - only by phone. There were no press conferences during the quarantine period. Every day, a representative of the press service of the MCC in the same conference room where the post-flight survey of astronauts took place, told the pool of journalists about the latest news through a glass wall.
President Nixon speaks to the Apollo 11 crew in a quarantine van.
Red carpets and world tour
The first day after the lockdown, August 11, was the official day off for the astronauts, and although they stopped briefly at the Space Center, they spent most of the time with their families. On August 12, the Apollo 11 crew gave their first press conference after the flight. Armstrong summed it up, saying that the Moon is a harsh and special place, which, nevertheless, looked non-hostile and turned out to be non-hostile. The main difficulty, he said, was that there was too little time to do everything that I wanted to do. "We," Armstrong said, "had the problem of a 5-year-old boy in a candy store—there's just too much stuff around."
On September 29, 1969, the astronauts and their spouses went on a world tour. It lasted 38 days. Armstrong, Collins and Aldrin made stops in 29 cities in 22 countries, gave 22 press conferences, met with 20 heads of state, and received high national state awards on 9 occasions. The world tour ended on November 5 with a solemn ceremony at the White House in Washington. The President of the United States called it the most successful goodwill trip in the history of the United States.
