Salavat(Arabic - blessing; plural from the Arabic word "salat" - prayer) - 1) dua of praise and exaltation of the beloved and revered Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him; an appeal to the Lord with words of gratitude for the sent down mercy and blessings for the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him; 2) a prayer recited during prayer after reading At-Tahiyat in the last rak'ah.

Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, lived the most perfect human life. His deeds, actions, words are a model for all people. Allah Almighty said: “In the Messenger of Allah is an exemplary example for those who hope for the Mercy of Allah and the blessings of the Last Day and remember Allah often: in danger, and in supplication, and in difficulties, and in well-being” (Holy Quran, 33 :21).

Salavat is an expression of love, respect and gratitude to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, the hope for his intercession on the Day of Judgment.

The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “On the Day of Judgment, the people closest to me will be those who often read salavat”(Tirmizi). He also noted: “The most stingy among you is the one who, at the mention of my name, did not say salavat”(Tirmizi).

After the revelation of the verse of Surah al-Ahzab, the reading of salawat became a fard for Muslims.

“Indeed, Allah and His angels bless the Prophet. O those who believe! Bless him and welcome him in peace."

Holy Koran. Sura 33 "Al-Ahzab" / "Allies", verse 56

To read salavat means to commit an act approved and rewarded by the Almighty. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Whoever reads one salawat will be rewarded with the tenfold Grace of Allah”(Muslim).

A dua begun and completed by salawat will be accepted. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “If one of you reads a prayer, let him first say the words of praise (glorification) of the Almighty, read salawat and then ask Allah for whatever he wants” (Abu Dawood).

Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, bequeathed to Muslims: “Read salavat for me, and wherever you are, your greetings and prayers will reach me”(Abu Dawood).

Salawat to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

اللّهُـمَّ صَلِّ عَلـى مُحمَّـد، وَعَلـى آلِ مُحمَّد، كَمـا صَلَّيـتَ عَلـىإبْراهـيمَ وَعَلـى آلِ إبْراهـيم، إِنَّكَ حَمـيدٌ مَجـيد ، اللّهُـمَّ بارِكْ عَلـى مُحمَّـد، وَعَلـى آلِ مُحمَّـد، كَمـا بارِكْتَ عَلـىإبْراهـيمَ وَعَلـى آلِ إبْراهيم، إِنَّكَ حَمـيدٌ مَجـيد

Meaning translation: O Allah, bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim, verily You are the Worthy of Praise. Glorious! O Allah, send blessings to Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent them to Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim, indeed. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious!

Translit: Allahumma sally "ala Muhammadin wa" ala ali Muhammadin, kya-ma salleyta "ala Ibrahim wa" ala ali Ibrahima, inna-kya Hamidun, Majidun. Al-lahumma, barik "ala Muhammadin wa" ala ali Muhammadin ka-ma barakta "ala Ibrahima wa" ala ali Ibrahima, inna-kya Hamidun, Majidun!

Salawat to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

اللّهُـمَّ صَلِّ عَلـى مُحمَّـدٍ وَعَلـىأَزْواجِـهِ وَذُرِّيَّـتِه، كَمـا صَلَّيْـتَ عَلـى آلِ إبْراهـيم . وَبارِكْ عَلـى مُحمَّـدٍ وَعَلـىأَزْواجِـهِ وَذُرِّيَّـتِه، كَمـا بارِكْتَ عَلـى آلِ إبْراهـيم . إِنَّكَ حَمـيدٌ مَجـيد

Meaning translation: O Allah, bless Muhammad, his wives and his offspring, as You blessed the family of Ibrahim, and send blessings to Muhammad, his wives and his offspring, as You sent them to the family of Ibrahim, indeed. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious!

Translit: Allahumma, sally "ala Muhammadin wa" ala azwaji-hi wa zurriyati-hi ka-ma sallayita "ala ali Ibrahima wa barik" ala Muhammadin wa "ala azwaji-hi wa zurriyati-hi ka-ma barakta ala ali Ibrahima, inna-kya Hamidun, Majidun!

After mentioning the name of the Prophet Muhammad, one should always say salavat: “Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammad”, or “Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammadin wa ‘ala ali Muhammad” or “Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam (peace and blessings be upon him)”.

The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The most blessed of days is Friday. Read salawats, and your greetings will be conveyed to me ”(Abu Dawood). The Sahaba asked how the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, would be able to accept salavat after leaving for another world. He replied: "Allah Taala forbade the earth to destroy the bodies of the prophets." He also said: “If someone sends salavat, then the angels pass it on to me” (Abu Dawood).

How to read At-Tahiyat and Salawat correctly

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Description of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) in the Holy Quran and Sunnah

Its description in the Holy Quran:

Here are some of the verses of the Holy Quran that indicate the high qualities and features that characterize our Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam), the Messenger of mercy of the Most High Creator to the worlds:

1. "We sent you only as a mercy to the worlds!" (Anbiya 21/107)

Allah Almighty adorned His Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) with the splendor of mercy. His essence is grace to all creation. Mercy for believers, because happiness in this world and in the next world will be achieved by those who believe in him and follow his path. Mercy for the unbelievers (kafirs), because with his advent, the unbelievers were protected from the divine punishment that befell those sinful peoples who lived before them in this world; their punishment was delayed until doomsday.

2. “O Prophet, verily We have sent as a witness, a herald and a warner. And those who call to Allah with His permission, illuminating with a lamp ”(al-Ahzab 33, 45/46).

3. “Undoubtedly, a Messenger from your midst has come to you; it is hard for him that you are suffering. He takes care of you, he is compassionate and merciful to the believers ”(at-Tauba 9, 128).

In these verses, Allah Almighty showed favor to our Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam), endowing him with the epithets peculiar only to Him “Compassionate” (Ar-Rauf) and “Merciful” (Ar-Rahim).

The compassion and care of the Prophet (sallallahu ‘aleihi wa sallam) are the suffering and hardships that he endured, instructing people on the true path, so that they would be happy in this world and in the next world.

4. “He is the One who sent to illiterate people Messenger from their midst. He recites His verses to them, purifies them and teaches them the Book and wisdom, although before they were in clear error ”(al-Juma, 62/2).

According to this verse, the mission of our Prophet is represented by four main duties:

b) Bring people to good through spiritual purification.

c) Teaching the Divine Book.

d) Show Divine Wisdom.

5. “Ya-Sin. I swear by the wise Quran! Indeed, you are one of the messengers. On the straight path” (Ya-Sin.36/1-4).

6. “Verily, Allah showed mercy to the believers when He sent them a Messenger from among themselves…” (Ali-Imran.3/164)

Almighty Allah, knowing that His servants would not be able to properly follow His commands, sent to them as a messenger his favorite, whom he endowed with compassion and mercy, obedience and submission to which he considered equivalent to obedience and submission to Himself and commanded:

7. “Whoever obeys the Messenger, he obeys Allah…” (An-Nisa, 4/80)

Allah Almighty determined obedience and following the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) as a condition of love for Himself:

8. “Say: “If you love Allah, then follow me, and then Allah will love you and forgive you your sins. Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (Ali Imran 3/31)

Undoubtedly, to be obedient to him means to earn the love of Allah, because Allah has endowed him with the highest morality,

9. “And indeed, your character is excellent” (al-Kalam, 68/4)

since Allah Almighty expanded his heart with Iman and Islam, opened it with the light of the message, filled it with knowledge and wisdom:

10. “Have We not opened your chest for you? And did they not remove from you your burden, which weighed down your back? And did they not lift up your glory to you?” (al-Inshirah, 94/1-4)

Scholars comment on the word "burden" in this verse as the hardships of the times of jahiliyah or as the burden of the prophetic mission before the proclamation of the Qur'an.

And the verse “And did they not exalt your glory to you?” implies the exaltation of his name with giving him a prophetic mission and mentioning his name along with the name of Allah in the word shahada (testimony of faith).

Almighty Allah adorned him with the most beautiful features and virtues, made him a role model for other people:

11. “Undoubtedly, in the Messenger of Allah there is a beautiful example for you, for those who hope in Allah and the Last Day and remember Allah often” (al-Ahzab, 33/21)

12. “Do not equate addressing the Messenger among you with how you address each other” (i.e. do not say “O Muhammad!” Say “O Messenger of Allah!” “O Prophet of Allah”) (an -Nur, 24/63)

Almighty Allah, addressing all the prophets, called them by name, but to the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) he addressed: “O Messenger!”, “O Prophet!”, Which testifies to the special divine honors to him.

One of the special honors of the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) are two divine promises regarding his ummah:

13. “Allah will not punish them while you are among them, and Allah will not punish them while they ask for forgiveness” (al-Anfal, 8/33)

On this occasion, the Prophet (sallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) said the following:

“Allah Almighty gave me two assurances regarding my Ummah. The first is that the punishment of Allah Almighty will not touch my ummah while I am among them, and the second is that the punishment of Allah Almighty will not touch them while they ask for forgiveness. After my departure and until the Day of Judgment, I leave you istighfar ”(a prayer to Allah for forgiveness) (Tirmidhi, Tafsirul-Koran, 3082).

This is also the meaning of the verse: "We sent you only as a mercy to the worlds."

Our Prophet (PBUH) said:

“I am the cause of security and the source of hope for my companions. After my departure, my companions will face the dangers that were promised to them." (Muslim, Fadailus-Sahaba, 207)

Our prophet is a source of hope and security for his companions, because he protected them from troubles, strife, disagreements and delusions. And his Sunnah will continue to serve his Ummah, providing her with security and hope.

14. “By the mercy of Allah, you were gentle with them. But if you were rude and hard-hearted, then they would certainly have scattered from your surroundings ”(Ali Imran, 3/159)

There is a necessary etiquette that we must observe when we write the names of our righteous predecessors. These are the great authorities of religion, and they deserve a certain amount of respect.

Most people have a habit of abbreviating pleading for them with abbreviations like "r.a." and "a.s."

Much worse than this is the use of the acronym "s.a.s." towards the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. The Greatest Man on earth deserves more respect than that.

“Writing an abbreviation instead of the full spelling “sallallahu alaikhi wa sallam” - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, is undesirable. According to Hadith scholars. (Ibn Salah, p.189. "Tadribu Ravi" 2/22)

“Those who wanted to save ink by using the abbreviated abbreviation salavat for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, had painful consequences.” (“al-Kawlul Badi” p. 494)

At the present time, it does not take so much time or energy to write a complete "sallallahu alayhi wa sallam", "raziyallahu anhu", "rahimahullah" or "alayhi ssalam".

Someone may even use a ready-made key function for this - the point is for it to be printed in full form.

“Scholars-hadith scholars urged the authors to write the expression “sallallahu alaihi wa sallam” in full, as well as to pronounce orally what they write.” (“Tadribu Ravi”, 2/20, “al-Kawlul Badi”, p. 495)

Great reward

The well-known Tabi'in Ja'far al-Sadiq, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

"Angels continue to send blessings to those who have written “may Allah have mercy on him” or “may Allah bless him and welcome ', as long as the ink is retained on the paper ». (Ibn Qayyim in Jilayul Afham, p. 56. Al-Kawlul Badi, p. 484. Tadribu Ravi, 2/19)

Sufyan Savri, may Allah have mercy on him, the famous Mujahid said:

“It is of sufficient benefit to those who propagate hadeeth that they continuously receive blessings for themselves until the expression “May Allah bless and greet him” remains written on paper. (“al-Kawlul Badi”, p. 485)

Allama Sahavi (may Allah have mercy on him) cited many cases from life on this subject from different transmitters of hadith. (“al=Kawlul Badi”, pp. 486-495. Ibn Qayyim, may Allah have mercy on him, “Jilaul Afkham”, p. 56)

Among them is the following case:

The son of Allama Munziri, Sheikh Muhammad ibn Munziri, may Allah have mercy on him, was seen in a dream after his death. He said:

“I entered Paradise and kissed the blessed hand of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said to me: “Whoever writes with his hands "Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace" will be with me in paradise »

Allama Sahawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This message was transmitted through a trusted chain. We hope for the mercy of Allah, thanks to which He will give us this dignity. (“al-Kawlul Badi”, p. 487)

Amine.

Al-Khattib al-Baghdadi (may Allah have mercy on him) also reported several similar dreams. (“al-Jamiu li Ahlaki Ravi”, 1/420-423)

One more note

Some of us have a habit of writing "alayhi salam" (peace be upon him) when mentioning the name of the Messenger of Allah,

Scientists have passed on that it is not good to have such a habit. (“Fathul Mughis”; footnote to “al-Kawlul Badi”, p. 158)

In fact, Ibn Salah and Imam Nawawi, may Allah have mercy on both of them, declared it undesirable (makruh). (“Mukaddima ibn Salah”, p.189-190, “Sharh sahih Muslim”, p.2 and “Tadrib wa Taqrib”, 2/22)

The same applies to the one who says: “alaihi salat” (blessing be upon him). The reason is that we are commanded in the Quran to ask for both things: And Salat (blessing) and Salam (peace) to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. (Sura 33, verse 56)

Allah Almighty said in the Holy Quran (meaning):

إِنَّ اللَّـهَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ۚ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا صَلُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا

“Indeed, Allah and His angels bless the Prophet. O those who believe! Bless him and welcome him in peace."(Sura 33, verse 56)

Saying "alaihi salam", we send only "salaam" without "salaat".

If someone has a habit of occasionally speaking "alaihi salam" (peace be upon him), and in some cases "alaihi salat" (blessing on him), then this will not be considered undesirable (makruh).

Let us write and pronounce salawat in full, without abbreviation, whenever we remember the name of our beloved Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

The note:

“Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam” (May Allah bless him and welcome) - it is customary to say only when mentioning the name of our beloved Messenger of Allah, dand Allah bless and greet him.

"RaziyaAllahu anhu" (may Allah be pleased with him) - in relation to the companions of the Prophet, dand Allah bless and greet him.

"Rahimahullah" (may Allah have mercy on him) - in relation to scientists, the righteous who know Allah

"Alayhi ssalam" (peace be upon him) - in relation to the rest of the Prophets, peace be upon them.

Imam al-Suyuty said: “And it was said that the hand of the first who shortened the spelling of salavat in the form of “s..as.” was cut off.” (See “Tadrib ar-rawi” 2/77)

Tabi'in (plural, Arabic)تابعين ) -followers. The term "tabi"in" is used in relation to Muslims who have seen the Sahaba.

“Indeed, Allah and His Angels exalt the rank of the Prophet. O you who believe! Pray to magnify his degree and sincerely wish him well-being and peace. (Al-Ahzab, 33/56)

One day the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) came to the Majlis joyful, with a smile on his face, and said:

“Coming to me, Jabrail (alayhis salam) said:

- O Muhammad! Are you satisfied that each of your community who reads Salavat to you will have ten Salavats, and whoever gives one Salam will have ten Salams? (Nasai and Ibn Hibban)

The Seal of the Prophets (PBUH) said:

“Whoever reads one Salavat for me, for that the Angels will ask for forgiveness ten times. Knowing this, whoever wants will increase (salavats), and whoever wants, will reduce.” (Ibn Maja from Amir bin Rabia)

The Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) also said:

“Whoever writes Salavat in his book at the mention of my name, for that the Angels will ask for forgiveness as long as my name remains there.”

It was narrated from Jabir (radiyallahu anhu) that the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:

“If the Muslims, having gathered, disperse without reading Salawat to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), then they will emit a smell worse than the stench of carrion.” (Imam Suyuti)

Abu Mussa at-Tirmidhi reports from some scholars:

“If anyone in the Majlis reads Salavat to our Prophet once, then this Majlis will be enough for him.”

Abdurrahman bin Awf (radiyallahu anhu) said that once the Pride of the Universe (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) went into his room, turned towards the qibla and bowed to the earth (sajda). He was in it for so long that Abdurrahman thought: "Probably Allah took his soul." He approached the Prophet and sat down beside him. Soon the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) raised his head and asked:

- Who are you?

- Abdurrahman.

He asked again:

- What happened?

Abdurrahman replied:

- O Messenger of Allah! You were in prostration for so long that I got scared and thought that Allah took your soul.

The Prophet (PBUH) said:

- The Angel Jabrail (alayhis salam) appeared to me and told the good news that Allah Almighty ordered him to convey to me:

“Whoever gives you Salavat and Salam will have My grace.”

And for this, in gratitude to Allah, I bowed to the ground. (Ahmad bin Hanbal, Musnad)

Abul Mawahib (rahmatullahi alayhi) said:

“Once in a dream I saw the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). He told me:

“You will intercede for a hundred thousand people.

I was surprised and asked:

Why did I get this right, O Messenger of Allah?

He replied:

“For the fact that you gave me rewards for reading Salavats for me.”

Ali bin Abu Talib (radiallahu anhu) reported that the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:

“If my name is mentioned next to a person, and he does not pronounce Salavat, then he is the meanest of the mean.”

Abu Hurairah (radiallahu anhu) reported that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:

“Let the one near whom my name is mentioned rub his nose on the ground, but he does not pronounce Salavat for me. Let the one who did not ask for forgiveness during Ramadan rub against the ground, and Ramadan is over. And let him rub his nose against the ground, next to whom his parents have grown old, but he will not be allowed into Paradise. (Tirmizi)

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Nothing could resist the spread of Islam. Although there were 13 painful years in Mecca, and the cruelty of unbelievers. The Qur'an had an exceptional influence on people: even the most ardent enemies of the true religion recognized that the meaning of the Book of Allah is deep and gives rest to the heart.

At that time there lived a famous poet Tufayl among the Arabs. In fear of the "destructive" influence of the Koran, he walked with cotton wool plugging his ears. Once the poet met the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and thought to himself: “If I am an intelligent person,

then, perhaps, I myself will be able to distinguish the truth from lies. ” He approached Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and began to listen to him. Tufayl was so impressed by the Qur'an that he left the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) as a Muslim.

Mushrik Walid bin Mughira was amazed at the extraordinary language and eloquence of the Koran: “Allah sees, what I heard recently from Muhammad is not the words of a man or a genie. These words are amazing and sweet.

Their meaning is like the abundant fruits of a green valley where rivers flow ... Without a doubt, Muhammad will win, no one can reach his level. Another time, when he heard the reading of the Koran, he commented on his impressions in the following way: “I know all types and genres of versification, but these are not rhymes, these lines are higher than verses. I have never heard such a semantic and sound harmony.” And right there, justifying himself to his fellow tribesmen, bin Mughira declared: “However, he brings turmoil into family relations ...” Thus, worldly interests prevented the polytheists from accepting the postulates of the Heavenly Book, because then they would have to give up much of their usual way of life.

Mecca was at that time the center of stormy trade, and the mushriks were successful merchants. If they recognized the One and only Allah, then they would have to stop selling idols. The Koran talked about the equality of people before the Almighty, both masters and slaves, so you should forget about high social status. But most of all, the Mushriks were frightened by the call to responsibility. The Koran spoke of the Day of Judgment, when a person will be asked about everything that he did on earth. The Meccans, on the other hand, suspected that many of their deeds were sinful: they treated slaves worse than animals, women had no rights and were considered someone else's property. Islam called for controlling one's passions and bringing discipline into life, which was also not to the liking of the polytheists. Therefore, they tried their best to drown out the voice of the Koran. At first, the mushriks beat and executed those who knew the Koran, made noise while reading it, spread rumors about witchcraft, intimidating the caravaners coming to Mecca. Then, they sent famous speakers to the square where the Muslims were reciting the Qur'an to divert the attention of the crowd. But nothing could stop the growing interest in Islam.

The Quraysh realized that they could not cope with Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) on their own, and went for advice to the Jews of Medina. Those knew about the birth of Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). They said, “Ask him three questions. If he can answer them, then he is indeed a Prophet, if not, then an impostor. Ask him about the young men who slept in the cave and woke up alive after centuries, ask about the man who traveled all the lands from west to east, ask also about what the soul is. The Messenger of the Almighty (sallalahu alayhi wa sallam) after hearing these questions, said: "Come tomorrow, I'll give you the answer". But there was no revelation from Allah for exactly 15 days. The Quraysh were already celebrating their victory. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was upset. But soon the angel Jabrail (aleihissalam) appeared to him with a message from the Almighty. The Creator warned the Prophet (PBUH): “And never say about anything: “I will certainly do it tomorrow,” without adding the words “In sha Allah”(if Allah wills). The Almighty in the revealed verses gave answers to the questions of the Jews about the young men who lived in the cave, about the prophet Zulkarnain and about the soul. After that, the polytheists could no longer object.