On September 5, 2013, late in the evening, the main building of the Evgeny Boratynsky Museum, on Gorky Street, was opened to everyone.True, only for a one-time excursion.

The Baratynsky Manor is the only urban noble estate of the first half of the 19th century that has survived to this day in Kazan and has the status of a monument of federal significance.

According to some sources, the estate on Bolshaya Yamskaya Street appeared at the end of the 18th century. The master's house was built at the beginning of the 19th century for Countess Apraksina. In 1836, the landowner Mamaev bought it and wished that the house be rebuilt according to the project of the architect Thomas Petondi.

Nikolai Boratynsky, the youngest son of the poet Yevgeny Boratynsky, bought the estate in the late 1860s. His wife was the beautiful Olga Alexandrovna, daughter of the famous orientalist, professor of the Imperial Kazan University, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexander Kasimovich Kazem-Bek.

Later, the estate passed into the possession of the grandson of Alexander, a well-known educator, public and political figure, deputy of the Third Duma. After the death of Alexander Nikolayevich, who was shot on September 18, 1918, without trial by the Chekists, the family was evicted from the family nest. The premises were given to the first music school.

Before the revolution, balls, theatrical performances, and literary evenings were held in the Boratynsky estate. Magazines and books from Paris came here by mail.

The life of three generations of the descendants of Yevgeny Boratynsky was connected with this house. In the history of Russia, the Boratynsky family acts as a significant phenomenon, reflecting not only the continuity of the golden and silver ages of Russian literature, but also universal values, the experience of "life-building" in transitional historical eras. Nature rewarded the poet's descendants with many talents: they wrote poetry, drew beautifully, composed music, and possessed high human qualities.

Read in "Kazan stories":

In pre-revolutionary Kazan, the house was considered a kind of center of cultural and spiritual life. Here, Alexander Kasimovich Kazem-Bek stayed with his daughter Olga Boratynskaya, when he was already working in St. Petersburg. Writer Garin-Mikhailovsky, artists Feshin, Fomin, Radimov, Sapozhnikova, as well as the notorious Grigory Rasputin, who was visiting Kazan, visited here. Here, part of the poet's heritage was preserved - the so-called Kazan archive of Boratynsky, posthumous collections of his works were published.

Literary Museum of E.A. Boratynsky - a branch of the National Museum of the Republic of Tatarstan - has a unique memorial collection associated with the life and work of E.A. Boratynsky and his descendants.

The estate consisted of the main house and two outbuildings. The western wing, which now houses the museum, was technical room- there was a kitchen, the servants lived.

The wing was reconstructed, that is, recreated anew in 1990. Museums want to make a "nursery" in the Empire style here. The "nursery" will not have authentic exhibits, it will become a space for learning with many artifacts from the Pushkin era.

The second wing, unfortunately, has not been preserved, as well as the garden, which was an integral part of any city estate. Over time, it is planned to restore the eastern wing of the estate, which during the life of the owners of the house was reserved for guests. There will be a small coffee shop with a Wi-Fi zone. Today, having a cafe and a shop at the museum is in the order of things. Because museums are waiting for visitors not for twenty minutes, but for at least half a day.

The museum of the poet Boratynsky since 1977 worked at school No. 34. The permanent exhibition there was created by the teacher of Russian language and literature Vera Gerogievna Zagvozkina. By the way, it still exists as an exposition of the museum. In 1981, the museum received the status of a state museum, in 1983 it became a branch of the State United Museum of the TASSR.

The outbuilding of the Boratynsky estate was transferred to the museum in 1991. Initially, the outbuilding hosted the exhibition “Pages of a Family Album”, dedicated to the poet and his descendants (art project – workshop of V.A. Nesterenko). From June 1999 to 2000, the exhibition "Pushkin and Kazan: the city and its inhabitants in the life and works of the writer Alexander Pushkin" worked here.

At the moment, the exposition "Boratynsky: a century in Kazan" is deployed in the wing. The main sections of the exposition "Life and work of E.A. Boratynsky": "Mara", "Petersburg", "Finland", "Moscow", "Kazan and Kaimary", "Muranovo", "Last years", "Descendants of the poet".

The exposition also allows you to conduct excursions “Memories of the Home”, as it is written on the museum’s website – “about the romance and life of the provincial nobility, spiritual quests and domestic traditions of the best part of the Russian pre-revolutionary intelligentsia in the context of the history of three “Kazan” generations of the descendants of the poet Yevgeny Boratynsky. The key character of the excursion is the great-granddaughter of the poet, poetess and writer Olga Ilyina-Boratynskaya (1894-1991), author of the novels The Eighth Day Eve and The White Way. Russian Odyssey 1919-1923.

The main house of the estate was transferred to the museum only in 2001. It was assumed that in two years the first children's music school named after Pyotr Tchaikovsky, located there, would move to another building nearby, on the same street, and most of the museum exposition would be located in the manor house. This did not happen.

Photograph year unknown

The school was in no hurry to leave, for which the head of the Boratynsky Museum, Irina Vasilievna Zavyalova, thanks the director Yakov Ilyich Turkenich. When an old house is empty, it quickly falls into disrepair.

Nevertheless, the Boratynsky house stood empty for nine whole years. Without heat and electricity. Fortunately, there was a roof, windows and doors were intact ...

In 2002, the reconstruction of the Boratynsky Museum fell into federal program"Culture of Russia". The restoration of the house was supposed to receive 22 million rubles, in reality they gave only one million. It was enough to order a project for the restoration of the estate to architects E. Evseev and N. Novikov. The project developed by them is stored in the Baratynsky Museum as a valuable exhibit.

Manor house today

During the preparations for the 1000th anniversary of Kazan, no funds were found for its restoration. In 2004, employees of the Baratynsky Literary Museum held an action called "I'm alive!". But even this attempt to draw public attention to the fate of the monument of history and culture was not successful.

Here is how journalist Rail Gataullin wrote about the situation in the Boratynsky House:

I don’t know if there is mysticism here or not, but a house without people is dying. Here in Baratynka now it is cold and desolated. Twice a day, museum staff unlock the doors and walk through the empty rooms. However, it is not possible to keep track of the intruders - some time ago the heating was cut off here, windows are periodically beaten.

It would be possible to hire security, but not a single watchman will work in a room where there is no light, heat, or telephone. Thank God, while fate keeps Baratynka, and she passed the fate of many resettled houses - fire.

Who is helping the house now? The National Museum - it was thanks to his efforts that the doors were strengthened in the building, the wall was repaired, in which a huge hole gaped. Baratynka still remains on the balance sheet of the city, and why the Ministry of Culture does not take it on its balance sheet is a great mystery.

The museum workers, who are suffocating in the cramped outbuilding, letting in seven thousand visitors a year, will never be able to restore the house without the help of the state. And they have a lot of plans - the museum's funds contain priceless exhibits telling about Delvig, Zhukovsky, Yevgeny Baratynsky - they would be so appropriate in the interiors of a city noble estate.

An exposition telling about the Silver Age in Kazan could also be placed here, because this period is still practically not studied and is waiting for its comprehension.

In the meantime, in the large front white hall, pieces of plaster fly off the ceiling, a suite of rooms evokes melancholy with shabby walls. Museum workers hope for a favorable outcome, in any case, in the resolution of the International Scientific and Practical Conference "The Modern Museum as an Important Resource for the Development of the City and the Region" there is a clause stating that "it is necessary to complete the restoration of the Baratynsky estate in the near future, which will create an extremely historical, architectural and literary complex necessary for the city”.

None of those in power argue with this, but they are not in a hurry to help the museum workers. And when a museum appears in Kazan - a monument of noble culture of the century before last - God knows.

The situation changed in 2011, during one of the walks in the old Kazan of the guide Olesya Baltusova with the President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov. 40 million rubles were allocated for the restoration of the mansion, and already in May 2012, restoration work began in the manor house ...

First, the walls were examined, then they were "cured". This stage of restoration was captured by a photojournalist of the newspaper "BUSINESS Online"

Since the 1930s, many partitions have appeared in the building, and there have been other alterations. Everything had to be removed to restore the suite of rooms.

The White Hall (White Hall), about which Olga Ilyina-Boratynskaya writes so enthusiastically in her book "The Eve of the Eighth Day", has been carefully restored.

A photograph has been preserved, which shows what it was like at that time. The photo, of course, does not convey all the beauty of the living room, however, part of the decorative decoration of the main living room of the house has survived to this day.

The White Hall was the soul of the mansion. Many generations of the Boratynskys believed that the axis of the entire universe passes through the star (the image on the floor) in the center of the hall. Portraits of ancestors hung on the walls of the hall, and there were two pianos. Here is how Olga Boratynskaya wrote in one of her poems of 1924:

In this long, white hall

There were dark portraits

There were white columns

And stucco ceilings

And the stranger was surrounded

ancient testaments,

These guardians of the enlightened

Poetic longing.

On Seeking the Truth of God

In this house they said

About the invisible leading to her

And the only way

On the fight against evil and lies

And about what efforts

It's worth one thing to pass

This truth will not pass.

This is how the White Hall was at the beginning of the restoration (photo from the BUSINESS Online website).

And this is how it will be after the restoration is completed.

Front entrance of the manor house

Surprisingly, the coats of arms of the Boratynsky family were preserved in the living room. Perhaps because they are under the ceiling and look like ordinary stucco.

A significant part of the decorative decoration of the living room has been preserved, but the rest had to be renovated, to restore the lost.

At the moment, everything that needed to be replaced in the building - doors, windows, moldings - has been replaced. The layout of the rooms is fully consistent with what it was before. Fireplaces restored. Finishing work is underway at the moment.

According to Irina Zavyalova, the house is being recreated in the form in which it was under the Boratynskys. The only addition from the 21st century is a warm transition from the main building to the outbuilding. But it was made of wood, so that it will not destroy the idea of ​​an old manor.

There are some changes inside the mansion as well. After all, when planning the restoration work, museum workers thought about the future exposition. For example, at the entrance to the house through the front porch, a part wooden wall. These logs are many, many years old.

During the restoration of the house, a bath was discovered. In the stone floor of a small room there is an almost meter-long recess with steps. The interior of the bathroom will be restored there: a table with a mirror, jugs for washing, heating titanium.

In the museum you can see sketches, according to which the rooms of the manor house are being restored. So far, what you see is very far from what will be.

It is also planned to restore the park area. And not only to plant trees, but also to organize a park space for an active life, as was the case under the Boratynskys. Perhaps there will be a theater corner or a concert venue, or maybe a croquet ground - the Boratynskys had it. The museum workers also planned a playground.

The plans include a linden alley and many flowers that the Boratynsky family loved - cornflowers and daisies.

Several programs for visiting the museum have already been developed, providing for different levels of acquaintance: from a short visit (15-30 minutes) to a whole day in the estate.

Now, due to crowding, the museum hardly accepts a tourist bus, in which there are 40 people, and in the interiors of a modern museum, a group of 30 people can hardly fit.

It is planned to build the exposition in such a way and present unique collections of noble life in such a way that everyone finds “his” interest. There will be visitors who are interested in Boratynsky and the history of his family. People who are interested in the history of Kazan in the 19th and early 20th centuries will come. Those who want to know what the city provincial estate was like, who will be interested in the architectural history of this house, will come.

We asked the director of the museum how the museum exposition will be arranged when the restoration work is completed. Here's what she said:

- It will be a completely new exhibition. It seems to me a kind of “novel”, the chapters of which are exhibits, texts, books, halls of the house, and the visitor will be able to “read” all this, unravel the idea, share with us the joy of creative finds and discoveries.

And it will not be an interior exposition: “you see a table, a chair, a secretary, they lived like that…”. This is still only our knowledge of the past. It is interesting to visit the past yourself, to feel yourself not only as a visitor to the museum, but as a guest of this estate. And visit not only the house and outbuilding, but also the park area, which should also be restored.

With the completion of the reconstruction, we will have more museum space. We will finally be able to accept several excursion groups at the same time, conduct thematic excursions, because someone is interested in the "silver age" - we have it represented by Olga Ilyina-Boratynskaya, and someone "golden age" is Yevgeny Boratynsky.

Irina Vasilievna is not sure that in 2015 it will be possible to open a new exposition. Most likely, the restoration of the main house of the estate will be completed, but even this will be enough to give the Museum of Yevgeny Boratynsky a second wind.

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Destroyed in Soviet times.

Story

The estate was founded by Lieutenant General Abram Andreevich Baratynsky, the father of the famous poet. From February 1799 to 1804, A. A. Baratynsky, together with his wife Alexandra Fedorovna, lived in the village of Vyazhlya (now Maryinka, Kirsanov District), where they had Eugene (1800-1844), Sophia (1801-1844) and Heraclius (1802-1859) ). After a conflict with his brothers, 5 versts from Vyazhlya, he began building a house - near a ravine on the northeastern outskirts of the forest. The main facade of the wooden one-story house was decorated with a mezzanine with a small balcony above the ground floor, a solid glass wall of the greenhouse and a two-story brick tower, where the owner's office and the heating plant for the greenhouse were located. In August 1833, the division of the estate of A. A. Baratynsky (legalized only in 1848) took place, according to which Sergei Abramovich Baratynsky became the owner of Mary, who moved the house and outbuildings to a grove on a hillock, closer to the village of Mary (now Sofyinka of the Umetsky district ). At the same time, the architecture and layout of the house were preserved. At that time, his wife was the widow of Baron A. A. Delvig - Sofya Mikhailovna (nee Saltykova).

The main room in the house was the dining room (one of its walls was glass and overlooked the winter garden):

In the middle is a large oval dining table with a shiny polished surface, covered with a light brown cloth. In the corner against the wall adjoining the greenhouse, there is a concert piano, a cabinet with notes; on the other hand, against the other wall - a set of furniture - a sofa, several armchairs and a round polished table, the whole set is covered with green cloth. Above the sofa is a copy of Raphael's "Sistine Madonna". At the wide triple window there are two tables - card, and a little further against the wall there is a tea cabinet.<...>On this locker stood the busts of A. A. Delvig and B. A. Boratynsky. The furniture of the dining room was complemented by an ebony dressing table, carved with a table on which stood a beautiful bronze clock under a glass cover, further on - a bookcase. Two miniatures hung on the sides of the dressing table - on one of them was the beautiful A. D. Abamelek, the wife of Irakli Abramovich Boratynsky, on the other - he himself in full dress military uniform. In the corner there is a low sofa, also covered with green cloth - this sofa was at the disposal of the children.<…>another cabinet for everyday dishes and a large white tiled stove

Behind the dining room was a living room with a marble fireplace. The furniture in the living room was modest; by the window stood a harmonium made by Sergei Abramovich. Above the fireplace, lined with white marble, there was a device indicating the direction of the wind (also made by Sergei Abramovich), connected to a weather vane on the roof; on the mantelpiece there was a round gilded bronze clock - according to legend, a gift from the Empress Alexandra Feodorovna on her wedding day to the young general Abram Baratynsky. There was also a Karelian birch grand piano in the house, which, according to legend, was played by Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka. In his wife's bedroom, Sergei Abramovich arranged "near her bed so that she could press the button and nets were lowered on the windows so that mosquitoes would not disturb her, if you press another one, dark curtains would fall."

At the entrance to the estate there were two pillars in the form of obelisks depicting the coat of arms of the Boratynsky family. In the western part of the estate was the Intercession Church with a family cemetery. In the early 1810s, the church burned down and by 1818 the stone Ascension Church was built in the classical style. The poet's mother Alexandra Fedorovna Baratynskaya, her sister Ekaterina Fedorovna Cherepanova, the second owner of the estate Sergei Abramovich with his wife Sofya Mikhailovna and their children were buried at the cemetery: son Mikhail Sergeyevich and daughters Elizaveta (Delvig), Anastasia, Alexandra, whose marble tombstones have survived to this day since. To the right of the entrance, in the corner of the cemetery, a place was allocated for the burial of the Gentiles, where the tutor, the Italian Giacinto Borghese, was buried.

In the park, on the edge of the ravine, a grotto was built - a building whose facade resembled an old semi-Gothic castle. It consisted of several parts, each of which had an independent exit. The central part, with oval, slightly pointed windows with colored glass, was a large square hall with a chandelier, which was called the grotto. Here, according to the memoirs of the composer J. K. Arnold, who lived next door to the Baratynskys in 1839, two acts of the opera Anna Boleyn by G. Donizetti were staged; the parts were performed by members of the Baratynsky family. On the other side of the ravine - for symmetry - a tower with a Gothic-looking gate was built of red brick.

The guests of the Boratynsky estate were N. I. Krivtsov, E. A. Dmitriev-Mamonov, Baron A. I. Delvig, N. F. Pavlov, A. D. Baratynskaya (nee Princess Abamelek-Lazareva), A. V. N. Chicherin and his brother B. N. Chicherin, Ts. A. Cui and others.

In 1820-1830 Yevgeny Baratynsky came to Mara and lived here for a long time. Already in 1837, and especially on his last visit to Mara in the autumn of 1840 - in the winter of 1841, he bitterly noted that the estate was falling into decay. The most famous elegy in Russian was written here, and it was called “Desolation”.

After the death of Sergei Abramovich Baratynsky, his wife Sofya Mikhailovna became the mistress of the estate. After her death, the estate was managed by the daughter of Delvig, Elizaveta Antonovna, who lived here with two unmarried daughters of Sergei Abramovich. She was the initiator of the creation of a stage and musical society in the estate; relatives and neighbors on the estate were involved in the performances; at evening concerts, poems by Pushkin, Baratynsky, Delvig were read, romances were performed. According to the memoirs of E. N. Shakhova, “all the Baratynsky sisters were wonderful musicians, Chicherina Sofya Sergeevna had a special talent, in her youth, visiting Italy with her husband, she performed in Rome at amateur concerts playing the piano, harp, cello and was a huge success” .

During the pogroms of landowners' estates in 1905, the estate was almost not damaged. After the revolution of 1917, the estate was nationalized. In April 1919, according to the journalist E. V. Konchin, the Vyazhlinsky volost council and the local committee of the RCP (b) raised the question of perpetuating the memory of E. A. Boratynsky, arranging a museum and a rural library-reading room named after the poet in the former manor house. In a letter dated May 12, 1919, E. P. Katin wrote:

In my wanderings around the Tambov province, I wandered into the village of Vyazhlya, near which the estate of the poet Boratynsky is located. By some miracle, it survived the total extermination... There were estates in which literally no stone was left unturned.... Among this invasion of vandals, the Boratynsky estate miraculously remained untouched. An agronomic station is set up in it, and agronomist Alexander Viktorovich Sokolov lives in the house itself. All material values ​​are stolen... but the spiritual treasures are intact. The complete collection of Delvig's manuscripts, Ryleev's dying letter, Pushkin's letter, Anna Ioannovna's rescripts - that's approximately what is there ... Not to mention the fact that the house itself must be preserved, everything that is still in it must be preserved with the most careful way ... Achieve at all costs through Anatoly Vladimirovich<вероятно, имеется в виду Анатолий Васильевич Луначарский>taking urgent measures for proper protection ...

In August 1919, an employee of the Scientific Libraries Department of the People's Commissariat of Education, Kirill Petrovich Speransky, was organizing the manuscript collection here, who took the archive to Tambov, where he made a report at a meeting of the Tambov Society for the Study of Nature and Culture of the Native Land. In 1920, the archive was moved to Moscow, and then part of it to Petrograd. In 1921, a copy of the painting "Sistine Madonna", busts of A. A. Delvig and B. A. Boratynsky entered the Kirsanovsky Museum. Soon the manor house was transferred to the Grad-Umetsky volost committee; A short time later, the building caught fire. The park was leased to the peasant cooperative "Partnership of Freedom". Grain was stored in the church after closing. In the early 1940s, the cemetery was destroyed, and in 1954 the church building was demolished into bricks.

Recovery plans

In the summer of 1957, when the architect and local historian V. M. Belousov made sketches of the manor church from an amateur photograph found with the old-timers of the village, the manor was practically gone: “no buildings have been preserved, but from the foundations of the buildings there were ... foundation pits and trenches.” The certificate, drawn up on November 12, 1976, stated:

On the territory of the former family estate of the Russian poet E. A. Boratynsky in the village. Sofyinka of the Umetsky district of the Tambov region, the outlines of the foundation of the house have been preserved ... Not far from the foundation, a part of the masonry was found. Around you can see the outlines of manor buildings and auxiliary premises. Northwest of former home there are traces of the fence of the Boratynsky family cemetery with an area of ​​60 x 60 meters, as well as traces of the outline of the church built by the poet’s mother in 1818. To the north of the church, traces of burial and collapsed crypts of the poet’s relatives were found ... In the park of the Mara estate, located about 500-800 meters from the house , there are no old trees, however, traces of paths and alleys are visible. There are traces of stairs in the ravine and the outlines of the foundation ... of the building of the summer house "Grota". Partially preserved stone-paved road to the house and the spring. You can consider the approximate outlines and directions of the underground passage from the house ...

Sofya's eight-year school was in the only surviving building. In the 1980s, the Tambovgrazhdanproject Institute developed a project to restore the main manor house in Mar. However, by May 1982, on the territory of the former estate, the Soviet Russia collective farm had already built 5 panel houses and a brick hostel building was laid 15 meters from the location of the estate house. Soon, the Tambov Regional Executive Committee issued an order “On perpetuating the memory of the poet Boratynsky” (No. 937-r dated 12/14/1982), which set the task of ensuring the safety of the memorial and protected area of ​​the estate, developing a project for recreating the walking paths of the estate park, and activating research work to study the Boratynsky archive and collect exhibits for the memorial.

In 1995-1996, a group of Tambov enthusiasts of the revival of the estate, headed by philologist V. E. Andreev, managed to: map the main objects of the Mara estate (a temple with a fence, a house and other buildings, a garden, a grove, a linden alley); to open parts of the foundations of the Ascension Church and the manor house, to determine their size; to interview the old-timers of the surrounding villages about the features of the estate device and the stages of its destruction. In place of the bell tower of the destroyed Ascension Church, a wooden memorial cross was erected. In August 1999 Inspectorate for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Tambov Region with the participation of students of Tambov University, at the site of the abandoned Boratynsky cemetery in Mar, she conducted archaeological excavations to determine the burial sites under the guidance of archaeologist S.I. Andreev - 8 crypts were discovered. In 2000, the excavations of the Boratynsky necropolis continued, an examination of the remains of the foundation of the manor house began: the dimensions and approximate layout of the main house were determined. The locations of park buildings and paths were also clarified.

1. Kazan. House Boratynsky
2. Kazan. Museum of E.A. Boratynsky
3. Museum of E.A. Boratynsky (Baratynsky). Excursion
4. white hall
5. blue room
6. E.A. Boratynsky. early years
7. Frustration
8. Military service
9. Literary victories
10. E.A. Boratynsky and V.A. Zhukovsky
11. pink room
12. Family of E.A. Boratynsky
13. E.A. Boratynsky and Kazan

Evgeny Abramovich Baratynsky is a brilliant Russian poet of the first half of the 19th century. His last name is spelled differently. The museum in Kazan is called the museum of E.A. Boratynsky, but in Russian transcription in all sources the spelling of the surname is accepted through “a”. When this metamorphosis occurred and for what reason, we did not find out. In this article, we will adhere to the spelling adopted in the Kazan Museum.

Kazan. House Boratynsky

The Museum of the Russian Poet is located in a small noble estate at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. They built a house for Countess Vera Apraksina. He changed owners several times, rebuilt. In 1869, the estate was acquired by the poet's son, Nikolai Evgenievich Boratynsky. Thus, Yevgeny Abramovich never lived and never even visited this house. I would call the exposition not the E.A. Boratynsky Museum, but the Boratynsky Museum. The clan was rich in worthy representatives, including writers. But the most famous of them was undoubtedly Evgeny Abramovich.

Kazan. Museum of E.A. Boratynsky

The beginning of the collection was laid by Vera Georgievna Zagvozkina, a teacher of Russian language and literature at Kazan secondary school No. 34. The museum was opened as a school museum in 1977. Already in 1981, he received the status of the state. After all, the descendants of Anastasia and Yevgeny Boratynsky, their relatives and friends, donated the poet's authentic items and other memorial items to the collection of the school museum. I will not list them, we will get acquainted with the artifacts at the exposition.

The collection moved to the house of V. Apraksina - N. Boratynsky in 1991. At first, the museum occupied only the western wing. The long-term restoration was completed in 2015 and the E.A. Boratynsky Museum acquired its current form.

Museum of E.A. Boratynsky (Baratynsky). Excursion

I confess honestly, the museum of E.A. Boratynsky was not included in the program. We entered it by accident. But we were so fascinated by the collection and the tour that the museum attendant gave us that I burned with a burning desire to tell about Yevgeny Abramovich, and about his descendants, and about the museum itself.

We will walk with us through the halls of the museum. In other times, they served as residential and front rooms of the owners.
From a small entrance hall, guests enter the White Hall.

Museum of E.A. Boratynsky. white hall

In the ballroom of the White Hall of the house-museum, it is appropriate to recall the great-granddaughter of Yevgeny Abramovich, Olga Alexandrovna Ilina-Boratynskaya, who lived in this house. Olga Alexandrovna is known as a poetess of the Silver Age and a writer of the Russian diaspora. She lived a long life, was born in 1894, died in Bose in 1991. OA Boratynskaya-Ilyina emigrated to the USA, where she wrote the autobiographical novel “Dawn of the eighth day” (1951). The Russian translation of the novel was called "The Eve of the Eighth Day". In her novel, O.A. Boratynskaya describes the white hall as we see it now:

“The hall was the center of the universe. The earth's axis passed from the bowels of the world right into the middle of this room, where the parquet was laid out by a star under a large chandelier.

Here is a star.


And here is the chandelier.


Another quote is a poem by O.A. Ilyina-Boratynskaya.

“In this long, white hall
There were dark portraits
There were white columns
And stucco ceilings
And the aliens surrounded
ancient testaments,
These guards are enlightened
Poetic longing.
On Seeking the Truth of God
In this house they said
About the invisible leading to her
And the only way
On the fight against evil and lies
And about what efforts
It's worth one thing to pass
This truth will not pass.

Museum of E.A. Boratynsky. blue room

In the house of Nikolai Evgenievich Boratynsky, the Blue Room served as a dining room. Here, visitors will get acquainted with the childhood and early years of Yevgeny Abramovich's life. He was born on the estate of Mary in the Tambov province. Father - Abram Andreevich served as an adjutant general, mother - Alexandra Feodorovna was a maid of honor of the imperial court.

The poet's father, A.A. Boratynsky

Among the presented paintings we will see portraits of the poet's mother, Alexandra Feodorovna, and her paternal uncle, Ilya Andreevich Boratynsky.

A children's portrait of the poet is also presented.

E.A. Boratynsky. early years

In 1808, Eugene was sent to a private German boarding school in St. Petersburg. Two years later his father died. In 1812, the boy was assigned to the Corps of Pages of His Imperial Highness. At the beginning of the 19th century, the Corps of Pages was the most prestigious educational institution Russian Empire. The years of study began. Everything went smoothly at first. Eugene often wrote to his mother, in one of his letters he left a description of St. Petersburg:

“Petersburg struck me with its beauty… how many boats and how many sailboats, how many ships…
now, in moments of rest, I translate and compose small pieces.

It was not easy for Eugene to develop relations with teachers and peers of the Corps of Pages. He complains to his mother:

“I hoped to find friendship, but found nothing but indifference and sincere courtesy” ...

Worried about her son, Alexandra Fedorovna gave him a book - a guide to human characters. It was published in Paris in 1813, the author is Johann Lavater, in Russian translation the book was called “The Art of Knowing People About Their appearance, gait and bearing”, in the original - “L’art de connaître les hommes: sur leurs attitudes, leurs gestes et leurs démarches”

The book is in a case on the bookcase. There she is.

Page of the book by Johann Lavater “The Art of Knowing People About Their Outward Appearance, Walk and Behavior”

The bookcase where the book is stored is made in the Jacob style.

E.A. Boratynsky. Frustration

In 1816, an event occurred that turned the whole life of the young Boratynsky upside down. Everything would have been different if... But it happened that the cadets of the corps formed a small group, calling themselves the "Avengers Society". Not without the influence of Schiller and his "Robbers". The "Avengers" annoyed the teachers, were naughty, had fun with practical jokes and tricks. One teenager, most likely driven by a desire to stand out, brought his comrades the key to his father's bureau. The “Avengers” stole 500 rubles from the bureau and grabbed a tortoiseshell snuffbox in a gold frame. How could the children spend the money? First of all, we bought sweets. Considering the prices of the beginning of the century before last, it was possible to buy up the entire candy store for this amount! But the details are unknown. And the consequences were sad. Sixteen-year-old Eugene was expelled from the Corps of Pages without the right to enter the civil service, except for the soldier.

None of the troubles of the mother and the petitions of the uncle and relatives did not help. Eugene went to Mary, to his mother. Later he lived with his uncle in the Smolensk province.

E.A. Boratynsky. Military service

A new stage of life began in 1819, when Boratynsky entered the Life Guards Jaeger Regiment as a private.

View of the Imperial Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. Etching by I.A. Ivanov, 1815.

Here he met Anton Antonovich Delvig, young people described their life as follows:

“Where the Semyonovsky regiment, in the fifth company, in a low house,
The poet Boratynsky lived with Delvig, also a poet.
They lived quietly, they paid a little for the apartment,
They were supposed to go to the shop, they rarely dined at home ... ”

Anton brought Evgeny with Alexander Pushkin, Wilhelm Kuchelbecker. Together they created the “Union of Poets” brotherhood.

“Pushkin, Delvig, Baratynsky are the twins of the Russian muse,” wrote Pyotr Vyazemsky about them.

“In the corner of the unknown Petrograd,
In the shade of the trees, in the darkness of the garden,
Do you remember that house, friends,
Where is your faithful family,
Leaving boredom behind the threshold,
Connected in a noisy circle ... "

Evgeny Boratynsky.

In the museum, this period of the poet's life is represented by the personal belongings of Baron Delvig.

A special rarity is a champagne glass.

Champagne glass Flute (Flute). Glass, cutting. First half of the 19th century

A fragment of a poem by E.A. Boratynsky about a similar glass:

“Full of sparkling moisture,
You hissed, my glass!
And the mist covered
Your frozen crystal...
You are not met by the noisy brothers,
Violent orgies lord:
Voluptuary freethinker,
I drink alone today.”…

The glass comes from the former estate of the Boratynsky Shushary. According to family tradition, the item belonged to the Boratynskys.

In 1820, E.A. Boratynsky was assigned to the Neishlot army regiment stationed in Finland. Here the poet wrote the most famous of his elegies, including "Finland" and "Waterfall".

E.A. Boratynsky. Literary victories

"Waterfall". Evgeny Baratynsky

Noise, noise from a steep peak,
Do not be silent, gray-haired stream!
Connect a long howl
With a lingering recall of the valley.

I hear: the aquilon whistles,
Shakes a creaky elijah,
And roaring with bad weather
Your rebellious roar is agreed.

Why, with insane expectation,
Am I listening to you?
Why does my chest tremble
Some sort of tremor?

I stand spellbound
Above your smoky abyss
And, I think, I understand with my heart
Your wordless speech.

Noise, noise from a steep peak,
Do not be silent, gray-haired stream!
Connect the long howl
With a lingering review of the valley!

In 1976, Vera Georgievna Zagvozkina, the founder of the museum, received a priceless rarity as a gift. Director of the Museum-Estate "Muranovo" Kirill Vasilievich Pigarev, great-grandson of F.I. Tyutcheva gave her a book, the first edition of the works of E.A. Boratynsky "Eda, a Finnish story, and Feasts, a descriptive poem."

“Here is a new poem by Boratynsky ... this is an example of grace, grace and feeling. You will be delighted with her,

- Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin wrote to Praskovya Alexandrovna Osipova in 1826.

E.A. Boratynsky and V.A. Zhukovsky

While serving in Finland, V.A. Zhukovsky became the patron of the poet. Therefore, in the Blue Room there is a portrait of the teacher of the future Emperor Alexander II and three of his etchings from the series “Views of Tsarskoye Selo”. Vasily Andreevich completed them in the 1820s.

V.A. Zhukovsky. Etching from the series “Tsarskoye Selo”

Museum of E.A. Boratynsky. pink room

The exposition continues in the Rose Room. I will introduce our volunteer tour guide. With what brilliance she conducted the tour, other professionals should learn from her!

During the life of Nikolai Evgenievich Boratynsky, the Pink Room was used as a nursery, and later as a classroom. Its last inhabitant was the great-grandson of Yevgeny Abramovich - the artist Alexander Alexandrovich Boratynsky, who lived in the world for only 19 years.
The room breathes a family atmosphere, a tiled stove gives it real comfort.

The exposition of the Pink Room tells about family life poet.

Boratynsky and I parted ways in the Neishlot regiment. In the then capital of Finland, Helsingfors, E.A. Boratynsky served at the headquarters of Zakrevsky. Service in Finland brought new friends and passionate love. Eugene became interested in Agrafena Fedorovna Zakrevskaya, the wife of General Zakrevskiy.

Passion caused not only suffering, but also many poems. One of them is “No, the rumor has deceived you” or “Assurance”.

“No, rumor has deceived you,
I still breathe you
And over me your rights
You have not lost over the years.
I smoked incense to others,
But I carried you in the sanctuary of the heart;
Prayed for new images
But with the anxiety of an old believer.”

In 1825, promotion to officers followed, which meant the opportunity to resign. Yevgeny Abramovich was not going to hastily leave the service. But the mother's illness accelerated the matter. Denis Vasilyevich Davydov played a significant role in the fate of E.A. Boratynsky. He personally petitioned Zakrevsky for Boratynsky's resignation. From the winter of 1826, the poet's petition was granted and he settled in the Moscow house of the partisan poet on.

Family of E.A. Boratynsky

In the capital city - new acquaintances and friends. Among them is Major General Lev Nikolaevich Engelhardt.

Portrait of the Engelhardt family. Copy of A.E. Boratynskaya, the daughter of the poet, from the original by Karl Bardu. Mid 19th century

Soon a new friend became his father-in-law - Eugene proposed to Engelhardt's daughter - Anastasia Lvovna. The wedding took place in June 1826.

The couple first lived in Moscow. Yevgeny Abramovich entered the civil service, but in 1831 he finally resigned.

E.A. Boratynsky. Phototype from a lost drawing. 1840s

In marriage, the Boratynskys had seven children - three sons and four daughters.

Portrait young man from the Boratynsky family. Unknown artist, (Tropinin's school?) first half of the 19th century.

Spouses with children lived either in Moscow or in the Muranovo estate near Moscow. Anastasia Lvovna received the estate as a dowry. The Moscow period of life is devoted to colored lithographs with views of the Mother See.

Antique furniture reminds of Muranovo.

E.A. Boratynsky and Kazan

Part of the Pink Room exposition tells about life in the Caimars. In addition to Muranovo, Anastasia Lvovna inherited the rich estate of Kaimary, Kazan district. The exposition presents a watercolor - a view of the Church of Cyril Belozersky in the village of Kaimary.


This is what the temple looked like in the recent past.

The poet also visited Kazan. The museum houses authentic rarities, including desk poet. Family legends say that it was at this table that the famous elegies of Boratynsky were created. Among them is “My Elysium”, inspired by the death of A.A. Delvig.

“Do not praise, deceived Orpheus,
Me Elysian villages:
Elysium in my memory
And do not sprinkle the water of oblivion.
In it the world of blooming antiquity
The dead are inhabited by shadows,
The habits of life keep
And her feelings are not devoid of.
You live there, Delvig! there for the cup
You still joke with me
Eat the joy of our friendship
And the hearts of youthful dreams.”

The 1830s are considered a period of crisis in the literary work of the poet. The writing activity is on the decline.

“He went his own way, alone and independent”

- A.S. Pushkin wrote about him in the unfinished article “Baratynsky”.
The collection of works by Boratynsky of 1835 and the reprint edition of the collection "Twilight" are presented on the secretary. Pay attention to the bone knife for cutting paper - this is a genuine thing that belonged to the poet.

Deserves attention in the Pink Room desk lamp. It is also genuine, belonged to E.A. Boratynsky.

Green lamp. Belonged to E. A. Boratynsky. Early XIX century.

And in no case do not miss two artifacts: a porcelain cup of Yevgeny Abramovich from the Kaimars house

and a casket-case by A.L. Boratynskaya. It depicts a magnificent boar hunting scene. (We missed the photo from the museum website http://boratynskiy.tatmuseum.ru).

In the historical center of the city of Kazan there is the only museum of E.A. Baratynsky. It is located in the wing of the former city estate, which once belonged to the poet.

E.A. Baratynsky (Boratynsky) (1800-1844) - an outstanding Russian poet, master of elegy and philosophical lyrics, friend of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. He lived in Kazan and Kaimary in the country estate of his wife - Anastasia Lvovna Engelhardt. Later (19-20 centuries) several generations of the Baratynskys lived on the Kazan land.

In March 1977, on a voluntary basis at school No. 34, the first exposition dedicated to the life and work of the poet of the "Pushkin era" Yevgeny Abramovich Baratynsky was opened. In 1991, the museum was given premises in the reconstructed wing of the former poet's estate, where the exhibition "Pages of the Family Album" opens. Today the museum is located in the school building and in the restored wing of the city estate in the center of Kazan.

The exposition of the museum is made up of authentic items of the era and a collection of memorial items, documents and photographs of the Baratynskys, donated by the relatives of the great poet who emigrated in the years civil war From Russia. The extensive museum collection (about five thousand exhibits) includes: personal belongings of a friend and poet A.S. Pushkin - A. Delvig, rare editions of the nineteenth century, photographs and personal belongings of a relative of E.A. Baratynsky - a famous orientalist, Professor A.K. . Kazem-Bek, other valuable exhibits. The museum organizes thematic programs dedicated to the work of E.A. Baratynsky.

The main house of the estate of the Baratynsky family, located next to the museum, is a monument of history and architecture of all-Russian significance.

On a note

• Location: M. Gorky, 25/28, Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia.
• How to get there: Buses: No. 10, No. 10a, No. 22, No. 28, No. 28a, No. 30, No. 35, No. 35a, No. 54, No. 63, No. 83, No. 89, No. 91, No. 98 to the stop. "L. Tolstoy Street". Trolleybuses: No. 2, No. 3, No. 5, No. 7, No. 8 to the stop. "L. Tolstoy Street".
• Official website: boratynskiy.tatmuseum.ru
• Opening hours: Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday from 10.00 to 18.00, Thursday - from 12.00 to 21.00.

The chains imposed by fate Have fallen from my hands, and again I see you, native steppes, My initial love. The vault of the steppe sky is desirable, The jet of the steppe air, On you, in breathless bliss, I stopped my eyes.

But it was sweeter for me to see the Forest on the slope of two hills And the modest house in the garden thicket, The orphanage of infancy, -

wrote to E.A. Baratynsky in his poem dedicated to the return in 1828 to Mara - the family estate of the Baratynskys in the Kirsanovsky district of the Tambov province.

In 1797, Emperor Paul I granted the brothers Baratynsky - Lieutenant General Abram Andreevich and Vice Admiral Bogdan Andreevich - the large Tambov village of Vyazhlya. In 1802 it was divided between the brothers. A.A. Baratynsky got that part of the village that was called Mara; they said that "in Tatar" it means "ravine". A.A. Baratynsky erected here a large stone house, utility rooms, and in the notorious ravine he arranged a cascade of ponds, bridges, gazebos, a stone grotto with a secret passage, and laid out a park.

On February 19, 1800, Yevgeny Abramovich Baratynsky was born in Mary - Buba, as his parents affectionately called him. “This is such a child that I have never seen such a good-natured and good child in my life,” wrote the happy father. The child's tutor was the Italian J. Borghese, with whom the boy quickly established friendly relations. Under the guidance of the "uncle", the future poet mastered Italian and French, and his emotional stories about distant Italy were forever imprinted in the soul of a child.

You give me Italy sometimes

Praised with brilliant enthusiasm,

The country you love...

These are lines from the poem "Uncle-Italian", written by Baratynsky in 1844 in Italy. By that time, the beloved Italian uncle was no longer in the world, and the poet himself had only a few months to live ...

Baratynsky spent the first twelve years of his life in Mary. In 1812 he was sent to study at the Corps of Pages in St. Petersburg, then there was an unpleasant story with theft, soldier's service in Finland ... Only in 1828 Baratynsky again visited Mary. By that time the estate was in disrepair. The grown-up children parted in all directions. After the death of his father, the estate was maintained for some time, but then only his mother, A.F., remained in Mar. Baratynskaya, who found it difficult to keep order in the vast estate. The park was overgrown, pavilions and bridges were destroyed.

Baratynsky usually came to Mara for several months. The longest was his stay in Mare from the autumn of 1832 to the winter of 1834. He worked a lot, here he wrote the poems “I will return to you, the fields of my fathers”, “She”, “Fate imposed chains”, “Do not be afraid of caustic condemnations”, “Last death”, “Princess Z.A. Volkonskaya”, “I am not blinded by my muse”, “Imitators”, “I visited you, captivating autumn”, etc. The last time Baratynsky came to Mary was in 1837.

A.F. Baratynskaya died in 1852, having lived there almost without a break all her life. Clever and educated, she knew how to give an excellent education to all her children. They often visited her: Irakli - Yaroslavl governor; Leo is a witty and cheerful interlocutor, the soul of the local society; Sergey is a doctor who left a good memory in these places; Varvara is the wife of the famous teacher S.A. Rachinsky, the owner of Tatev.

After the death of his mother, the estate was inherited by the poet's brother, Sergei Abramovich Baratynsky. Under him, the estate experienced a second birth: the park was cleared and landscaped, and the “undertakings” were restored. “Above the grotto in the ravine, where he liked to spend whole days, hiding from the summer heat, Sergei Abramovich built a lovely summer dwelling, where he moved with his whole family for several weeks or even months. Below, near the source, there was a graceful architecture bath in the form of a Gothic tower, to which a beautiful bridge led ... On family holidays, multi-colored lanterns were hung in the forest and sparklers were lit, which gave the whole area a fantastic look, ”recalled B.N. Chicherin , a neighbor of the Baratynskys on the estate: his family estate Karaul was nearby.

Mara, Khvoshchinsky's estates - Umet and N.I. Krivtsova - Lyubichi formed, according to contemporaries, "a wonderful Cultural Center". “The cultural significance of such centers, based on old family nests, is undoubtedly: while these, alas, now thinned corners in the old fatherland, still live, while the best foundations of its calm and peaceful development have not yet been completely shaken by the government, one cannot yet despair for the future,” - wrote in 1906 Count S.D. Sheremetev. Well, Count Sheremetev quite soberly looked at the future of Russia. Of course, in no case should one idealize the life of a landowner - there was a lot here, in the words of A.C. Pushkin, "and the wild nobility, and skinny slavery." But indeed, after the fall of the church and the Russian estate - a stronghold of family, family, tribal traditions that connected the generations of the clan and the history of the country into an organic whole - our country also perished in 1917. And all modern attempts to “revive” something Russian-like are doomed to failure in advance, because the connection of times is missing, broken, destroyed, and it is already impossible to build anything on the ruins of the past, which are obscure to most of us. “Precious age-old powerful ties, and they do not break with impunity; it is not for nothing that the events respond with a heavy reproach and edification to public frivolity and squalor,” wrote the same S.D. Sheremetev.

The owner of Mary S.A. Baratynsky died in 1866. His wife owned the estate for another twenty-two years. Since 1888, the estate passed to their children.

Already from the end of the 19th century, Mara gradually began to acquire a memorial significance. “The survivors of the Baratynsky family continue to sacredly preserve both the old estate of their ancestors and the inextinguishable lamps over their graves,” says the second volume of the Complete Geographical Description of Our Fatherland, edited by P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky.

In the summer of 1917, Mara was looted and burned. In April 1919, the local volost council decided to set up a museum in a devastated estate, but then the Antonov uprising broke out. Mara fell into the epicenter of hostilities. In subsequent years, the Ilyinsky Church was destroyed, the park was cut down.

To this day, nothing has survived from the Baratynsky estate, except for seven or eight scattered white stone tombstones in a devastated cemetery. The issue of restoring the estate and creating a museum in it was discussed in the 1970s, but it never came to a head. As you know, Russian culture is not the most necessary thing in Everyday life modern "Russian patriots".

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