Canopy to the house from the profile. Sheds attached to the house

It is not so easy to build a canopy in the country on your own. From the correctness of its construction depends on how comfortable it will be under it.

In this article we will tell you how to make a canopy with your own hands.

Types of canopies

Canopies differ in the material used, purpose and design. At the house you can build a canopy to protect from the sun.

The best option for this is an open house terrace. This design can be used as a support wall for ampelous plants.

Also, such a structure helps to maintain a constant temperature regime inside the main building. The attached carport can also be used for the car.

In addition to the attached hanging structures, there are free-standing canopies.

Do-it-yourself reed canopy

We prepare reeds. It grows near any river, lake, pond. Cut plants should be laid out in a sunny area to dry. Then we impregnate with a special solution against fire.

We determine the dimensions of the canopy. We clear the necessary space and dig holes for the subsequent installation of wood or bamboo racks in them. The depth must be at least 0.4 m.

We impregnate the base of the racks with hot drying oil to prevent decay. You can also use creosote or diesel fuel for this purpose.

Next, we pour a layer of gravel (15 cm) into the pits and fill them with concrete. After the concrete mixture has hardened, we begin to fasten the supports together. For connection we use transverse beams. The result should be a regular quadrilateral.

We use nails to nail the cross beams, and for reliability they can be fixed with metal wire. Next, we fix the floor beams.

The distance between the bars should be 0.2-0.3 m. We lay a sheet of OSB or plywood on top, nail it. Then lay a polyethylene film for waterproofing so that its edges hang down.

canopy cover

After the construction of the frame is completed, we proceed to the manufacture of the cane coating.

We tie the prepared plants with a rope. You should get bundles with a thickness of 0.1 m. Closely lay them on a polyethylene film.

After a full calculation, we connect all the bundles with a rope, intercepting it several times through the entire roof. We fix with nails or screws along the edges and in the center.

Let's move on to the interior decor.

Note!

We build a canopy of wood

Calculate loads. Their competent and error-free calculation ensures the safety of the structure. Therefore, for this it is better to turn to professionals.

Choosing the type of foundation

The best option would be a columnar foundation, it is economical. If the material for it is wood, then it must first be treated with special antiseptic compounds to prevent rotting and fungi.

Foundation chairs are installed in pre-dug trenches strictly vertically. For a more stable position, they can be placed on a concrete slab.

If the pillars are fixed with concrete, then they must be installed at the stage of pouring concrete into the trench. This will significantly increase the strength characteristics of the foundation. Next, we fill the trenches with sand.

We fix the supports with a special wooden cross. We install chairs at a distance of 1.5 m between them.

Note!

A columnar foundation is certainly erected in each corner of the structure and at the junction of partitions. The number of foundation pillars depends on the size of the canopy and on the expected load.

Particular care must be taken to install vertical poles. For this, supports with a cross section of 0.15 * 0.2 m are used. They must be carefully fixed.

Vertical racks are placed in pits with a depth of at least 80 cm, covered with layers of sand and gravel 5 cm thick. We install support pillars strictly vertically. To fix them, you can use stones and additional supporting structures.

After installing the racks, pour concrete into the pits. Next, we lay the logs of the enclosing structure.

The frame can be made of trusses. After completing such a frame, it is installed on a platform of wooden shields; for this, the panels are equipped with pins.

The roof of the canopy can be either in the form of an awning made of dense fabric or made of wood. For a wooden roof, it is necessary to make rafters and crate.

Note!

We lay the roofing. It can be steel, asbestos cement, tiles made of clay or metal, polycarbonate.

A canopy is a great solution for any cottage. We hope that this article will help you in its construction. Good luck!

DIY canopy photo

Building a shed canopy is not a difficult process if you follow the detailed instructions exactly. In addition, it is very important to correctly draw up a drawing of the future structure. This stage does not forgive mistakes, miscalculations can cause the structure to collapse under the weight of any loads. To solve the problem of how to properly make the roof of the canopy, it is necessary to determine the type of structure and choose the material for mounting the roof structure over it.

Types of shed canopies and their features

Canopies can have a different design, be built from various materials, be built on the basis of a wooden, mixed or metal frame. In addition, the canopy can be a separate building or adjacent to the wall of the building.

To understand which canopy roof design is suitable for a particular case, you need to familiarize yourself with the classification of canopies.

Division by material of manufacture

Depending on the material used in the manufacture of the frame, canopies with one slope can be of the following types:

Metal structures made of galvanized pipe or metal profile. In this case, the frame can have a standard or complex shape, as well as have forging elements. Among the advantages of such canopies are high strength, long service life, reliability and resistance to negative natural phenomena.
You can make a canopy with a shed roof made of wood. The frame is erected from a bar or log; for strapping and battens, an edged board, lining or slats are used. To prevent rotting of the material and protect it from moisture and ultraviolet radiation, the surface is coated with special compounds or paint.
Mixed structures consist of a metal frame and a wooden crate.
It is very rare to find canopies, the frame of which is built of stone. Such a structure is being built for a very long time, but its strength is several times higher than similar properties of analogues.

Classification by construction method - how to do it right

The method of erecting shed canopies is also a criterion for distinguishing the following types:

Separate structures. Most often they are located near the main objects, as they are used as a roof over a car or a place of rest.
Attached canopies adjoin one of the load-bearing walls of the house and serve as an addition for protection from the sun and rainfall.
Supporting and cantilever structures are assembled from special elements or erected simultaneously with load-bearing walls, for example, a shed roof with a canopy.

Varieties depending on the functional purpose

Canopies can perform various functions, which allows us to distinguish the following types:

Decorative buildings are used as a complement to the overall ensemble of buildings and landscape. Most often, in this case, the construction of a canopy with a shed roof made of wood is performed.
Protective canopies prevent atmospheric precipitation and ultraviolet rays from entering the load-bearing walls of the house, preventing their destruction and prolonging their service life.

In some cases, canopies with a single slope can be used both for protection and as part of the landscape.

Types of canopies depending on the main purpose

The purpose of using the canopy determines the following types:

Leisure structures. In most cases, wood is used for their manufacture, since special strength is not critical in this situation. Shed wooden canopies for recreation can be open and closed, their main purpose is to shelter from rain and bright sunlight.
Vehicle facilities. Their main purpose is to become a shelter for cars of any carrying capacity from various atmospheric phenomena. Such canopies are highly durable, quickly erected from metal or wooden elements.

Lightweight structures may well be attached to the main building, but it is better to build transport facilities separately. Otherwise, the wall may not withstand the additional load and deform or completely collapse.

Types of canopies depending on the type of attachment

Depending on the method of installation of the structure and its fasteners, the following types are distinguished:

Support canopies are installed vertically or attached at a certain angle to the wall using props. Support-type structures can be of different sizes; any materials are used for their manufacture, including a canopy with a metal roof.
Suspended structures are attached to the wall by means of special suspensions. It is better to make such canopies from lightweight materials so that a large load is not created on the base of the house.

Roofing materials for a roof with a peak

When choosing a roofing material for a shed canopy, you should take into account the type of construction and the technical characteristics of the roofing material. Most often, polycarbonate, metal tiles, corrugated board or wood are chosen for a canopy.

Features of polycarbonate

Polycarbonate is a synthetic material that is transparent like glass, but more durable and durable despite its low weight. This polymer can be monolithic and honeycomb. The second type is characterized by a cellular structure.

Advantageous points include the following:

High strength characteristics.
Resistant to various natural phenomena and chemicals.
The material is flexible and elastic, which allows it to be used at low temperatures.
Transparency of about 90% provides normal natural light.
Insignificant mass makes it possible to create structures that do not exert a large load on the walls and foundation of the house.
Low thermal conductivity.
Good soundproof characteristics.
Compliance with environmental regulations.
Long service life without loss of quality.
Fire resistant.
Convenient and easy installation.
The ability to protect against ultraviolet rays.

There are few disadvantages of polycarbonate, but they also need to be known:

The material expands greatly when heated.
Mechanical impacts and alkalis can destroy polycarbonate.
The surface of the material reflects the sun's rays.

Features of corrugated board

Decking is a material for the manufacture of which sheets of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.5-1.2 mm are used.

The use of corrugated board as a roofing material for shed metal sheds provides the following advantages:

The canopy will turn out to be durable, resistant to moisture, ultraviolet and mechanical stress.
The work on overlapping the canopy will be completed as soon as possible without any special difficulties.
The material has a low weight, which minimizes the cost of crate.
It will help to save and reasonable price for corrugated board.

The material also has disadvantages. Firstly, poor thermal insulation characteristics, secondly, low sound insulation, and thirdly, not very attractive appearance.

Advantages of metal tiles

Quite often, when building a single-sided canopy, do-it-yourself metal tiles are used, which are also made from galvanized steel sheets. Unlike corrugated board, the material has the following advantages:

High strength and reliability.
Resistance to the formation of foci of corrosion and mechanical damage.
Excellent soundproof thermal insulation properties.
Large selection of colors and profiles.

When choosing between metal tiles and corrugated board, it is worth remembering: the first material is laid on a roof with a slope of more than 12 degrees, the second roofing coating has no restrictions of this type.

Do-it-yourself construction of a shed canopy

Before starting construction, it is necessary to think over the drainage device, taking into account the flow of water in one direction. This is especially important for a wooden shed with a pitched roof.

No less important is the development of drawings of the future structure. At this stage, the dimensions of the structure, the expected load on the supports and the calculation of their number are set.

Stage 1. Drafting and installation of the farm.

This stage involves drawing up a diagram of the future structure, determining its parameters, including the angle of inclination of a shed polycarbonate canopy. In addition, at this stage, the exact amount of required materials and trusses that are needed for the construction of the canopy is determined. If you plan to fasten polycarbonate to a wooden frame, you should understand this installation technology in advance.

For canopies with one slope, the trusses are located at the edge of the building and in the middle directly under the roofing material. Most often, trusses are made from a round profile pipe, the diameter of which is 30 cm. A square profile pipe with a cross section of 30 * 30 cm can also be used. To create a truss angle, the upper pipe is taken slightly longer than the lower one. The spacers between them are joined at an angle of about 25 degrees and set in a zigzag pattern. The elements of the crate are attached directly to the trusses.

Stage 2. Site preparation.

According to the drawn up drawing of the canopy on the site allotted for construction, appropriate marks are placed for the location of the supporting elements of the structure. At the same time, it is taken into account that a larger area is required to accommodate a car than a recreation area. The dimensions of the canopy for transport are calculated according to its dimensions.

To install supports in the marked places, it is necessary to dig holes, pour some concrete into them and install formwork from larger pipes. Around the formwork, crushed stone should be poured and concrete mortar should be poured. Without waiting for the mixture to harden, they expose the supports, immersing them in the formwork and also pouring concrete. It is very important at this stage to monitor the correct installation. Otherwise, distortions and weak stability are not ruled out, which can cause structural failure. The concreted supports are left until the mixture has completely solidified, for about 72 hours.

Stage 3. Installation of trusses and laying of roofing material.

According to the drawing of a canopy with a shed roof, the trusses are installed directly on the poles and fixed by welding. On top of the trusses, the crate is laid and fixed, then the roofing material is mounted. Self-tapping screws with thermal washers are used as fasteners for polycarbonate, ordinary self-drilling screws are used for corrugated board and metal tiles. After completion of the roofing work, the installation of a drainage system is carried out.

The answer to the question of how to make a canopy roof with your own hands cannot be called very difficult. But quite often, home craftsmen do not have special knowledge and skills, so they encounter many difficulties.

Qualified specialists who know all the nuances of the installation process help to solve the problem. They will perform work at the highest level, taking into account the preferences and requirements of customers. In extreme cases, you can purchase a ready-made design that is assembled quickly and easily.

It is possible to store the car in the open air, but it is much better to leave it under a canopy or roof. So you can protect the car body from corrosion for much longer and are not afraid of bird droppings. But under such canopies you can place a lot of useful things, both for the car itself and for everyday life. There are also small canopies, for example, over the porch of a private house, but their installation is quite simple.

Design features and variety of its types

First of all, you need to decide on the place where the canopy will be located. After that, it is already worth thinking about the visual design, the functional purpose (there are mobile variations of canopies).

Both types perform their tasks perfectly, but the stationary one is much more durable, stronger, but the mobile version has the main advantage of mobility. Mobile is made of durable materials using a reinforced frame.

Sheds also differ in the type of placement. There are options where the canopy is attached to the house, as an element of the building and is special, and where the canopy is an independent structure.

The frame consists of many elements, but the supporting pillars are the basis. They are made of metal, pipes, brick or wood. Some are made of concrete, but this method is quite long and inconvenient.

The roofing material is identical to a conventional roof: profile flooring, tiles (ceramic or metal), polycarbonate. The only difference is that the canopies do not use a flat roof.

Depending on what material was chosen, the installation time also varies. So, for example, with brick pillars and ceramic tiles, the installation period will be about two weeks, and with pillars made of profile pipes and polycarbonate - several days.

Preparatory work

As with any construction, first of all, you need a project, or at least a sketch. You can find photos of canopies or drawings adapted for self-assembly. Before starting work, it is necessary to prepare a tool, purchase building materials.

From the tools you will need:

Roulette 5 m.
Level 1.5 - 2 m.
Perforator with drills (for material).
Self-tapping screws (if the design is with a wooden frame and polycarbonate, nails will do).

Construction and installation works

With any construction, there are usual work algorithms. The early stages are practically the same, the differences begin when the structure is erected.

Clearing the area for construction. This includes both soil cleaning (if the site is filled), cleaning of debris, tools and other things.

Site marking. It is carried out according to the drawing (sketch).

In place of future support pillars, it is necessary to dig holes, about a meter deep (for structures with a height of no more than 3 m in the center). Pit dimensions: 40 by 40 cm, depth 1 m. Usually, there are 6 such pits, but sometimes 8 are made.

Installation of support pillars for the canopy frame. There are some nuances here. When erecting supports made of metal or pipes, they must be anchored and concreted. In this case, the hole expands. The anchor must be no shorter than half the length of the underground size of the structure. All pipes must have the same length, they must be set according to the level or level.

The pillars must be fastened together to improve the rigidity of the structure. To do this, frame elements are mounted on top, but of a smaller diameter around the entire perimeter at the same level.

In some cases, diagonal stiffeners are made. The method of fastening can be either using welding or using a perforator. This item does not apply to concrete or brick structures.

Roof installation. The truss system, prepared in advance, is welded on the spot, according to the level. Usually they make a step built in 1 m, the angle is selected in the sketch and it is desirable to calculate it. But most often there are designs with an angle of 30-40 degrees.

The rafters are welded into the joint with the outer contour so that the flooring protrudes beyond the structure, providing good waterproofing and protection from excess moisture.

The final stage of installation will be the roof sheathing. More often use polycarbonate or profile flooring. If we talk about corrugated board, then it is overlapped, from the bottom up (getting into the rib). The overlap is about 15 cm. It is cut on the ridge, after which it is sheathed with tin.

In cases with polycarbonate, the sheets are laid end-to-end, after which they must be coated with waterproofing (acrylic, silicone). Both elements are attached to self-tapping screws with washers.

It is advisable to mount them on a small smear of silicone for better insulation and to prevent oxidation of the thread at the junction. From what to make a canopy - you decide.

Installation of a portable canopy

The main difference is how such a canopy is made, the foundation and the materials from which it is made. The foundation is pipes of larger diameter, which are 20-30 cm higher than the ground level.

The frame itself is put on them and holes are drilled (several pieces in each) in order to insert a pin that adjusts the structure in height.

The portable canopy is made of profile pipes, stiffening frames too. They should be in this type of canopy. The roof is made according to the same principle, the material can be either polycarbonate or corrugated board.

Photo of canopies with their own hands

Having a shed next to the house is a very practical solution. It can be used as a parking space, under its roof you can fry a barbecue in inclement weather or sit with a friendly company over a cup of tea.

The construction of a canopy with the right choice of materials does not require large financial expenses. This review will tell you how to build a good canopy, relying solely on your own strength.

To build a reliable and inexpensive design, it is necessary, first of all, to choose a quality material.

Canopy base materials

Wooden structures

One of the easiest and most reliable options is to build a wooden canopy. Such a structure is easy to maintain, in addition, its construction does not require expensive construction equipment, such as a circular saw or welding equipment.

Edged beams are perfect as a material for supports, rafters can be made from edged boards, and the crate is easily assembled from both floors.

Almost anyone can afford to assemble such a canopy, and with the help of special solutions, the durability of the tree can be repeatedly increased, which will allow using the canopy for many years.

Metal constructions

Another popular material for making canopies is metal. The metal canopy differs from its predecessor in strength and durability.

It is easy to assemble such a canopy with minimal skills in working with a welding machine.

Only a radius profile can be attributed to complex parts, but this part with the necessary bend can be made according to your desire in any welding workshop.

Brick or stone structures

The construction of support pillars made of brick or stone allows you to give a stylish look to your canopy. In this case, the rafters can be both wooden and metal.

Such a canopy is reliable and strong, but it should be remembered that it will not be possible to quickly build it due to the nature of the building materials.

Constructions from asbestos-cement pipes

This material is characterized by wear resistance and long service life. In addition, the pipe is easily sawn with an ordinary hacksaw, if you lower the desired place into the water for two hours before cutting. For such a canopy, any rafters are suitable.

The choice of material for the roof

The next step is the choice of material for the roof itself. The most suitable materials for this will be discussed in detail below.

The most popular roofing material is polycarbonate. Its technical characteristics allow you to give the visor absolutely any shape;
In addition to polycarbonate, roofs are often made of corrugated board. This material differs from others in low cost, as well as simplicity and durability;
Roofing from metal tiles - will cost more than a similar one from corrugated board, but will give your canopy a stylish look;
In addition to all of the above, you can use bitumen as a material for roofing. However, it should be remembered that bitumen requires a continuous crate, therefore, it can only be used if it is done in the same style as the house.

The right choice of location as a means of saving on supports and roofing

There is an easy way to significantly save on the construction of a hinged structure, namely, to build a canopy close to the house. Technically, the question of how to build a canopy adjacent to the house is solved by installing two or three support pillars.

The number of posts is calculated based on the dimensions of the cross beam and the available building materials. For example, if a beam with a section of 75x75 mm is used, then the gap between the posts should be about a meter. In this case, you can do without the transverse beam, using the pillars themselves as a support.

In the case when the beam has a cross section of 150 cm or more, two corner posts are enough for support. A transverse load-bearing beam is attached to them, and then rafters are attached to it. On the reverse side, the rafters are attached to the support beam, which is fastened ahead of time to the wall of the house.

For greater reliability, additional supports are installed under the beam.

In addition to the simplicity of the design of the canopy, which is built close to the house, the wind is not as terrible as the building standing apart.

If it is decided not to attach a canopy, it is necessary to calculate in advance the direction of the air flow, since the lower edge of the shed roof must be located on the leeward side, which in turn can cause a number of inconveniences, in particular, if the canopy is used as a parking space.

The construction of a gable roof can solve the problem with the wind, but it will require a more complex connection of the rafters.

We build a shed canopy

A shed canopy is a universal design, under which it is easy to stand both for tea parties and the iron horse of the owner of the house. To assemble such a canopy, you need to perform the following steps:

install support poles;
mount the truss system;
install the roof
lay out paving slabs.

We install racks for the future canopy

Before installing the posts, you need to dig holes for the posts. The depth of the hole is 1.5 meters, the diameter should be 10 cm larger than the diameter of the column. The depth and diameter of the holes do not depend on the material of the column.

The bottom is laid out with sand or gravel to a height of 20 cm, then it is necessary to pour water over the hole in order to better compact it.

If the pillars are wooden or metal, then they must be treated with bitumen or wrapped with roofing material to protect against moisture penetration. After that, it is necessary to install the racks in a vertical position and pour concrete.

In the case when asbestos-cement pipes are used for the construction of supports, it is necessary to place reinforcement inside the pipe and pour concrete over the entire height of the pipe. During the pouring of the concrete mixture, it is necessary to mix it regularly to avoid the formation of air voids. Pins are embedded in the upper part of the pillars, on which the upper harness will be attached.

The next step on the wall of the house is to fix the support beam. It must be placed slightly higher than the posts to provide the necessary slope so that the snow does not accumulate on it, but falls freely down.

To fix the beam on a wooden wall, self-tapping screws are suitable, and in order to fix the beam on a brick wall, you need to insert dowels into pre-drilled holes.

The nuances of installing a truss system

The distance between the rafters is calculated taking into account the selected roof. It is best to use special programs for this purpose.

One edge of the rafter leg must be attached to the support beam, on the wall. This can be done in two ways: the first is to prepare several grooves in the beam itself and insert the rafters into them, and then fix it with metal corners. The second option is to use special fasteners.

The second edge of the rafter leg is attached to the top trim of the uprights. Since the roof weighs a little, they can also be fixed with metal corners. If the soil under the canopy is heaving, then it is better to use a movable connection of the rafters with a strapping to avoid subsidence of the racks.

We arrange the roof

The canopy does not need insulation and waterproofing. With rare exceptions, any roofing is attached to a sparse crate. Only soft tiles, requires a continuous crate and waterproofing of OSB sheets.

In turn, corrugated board can be laid directly on top of the rafters themselves. Sheets are laid across the rafters with an overlap, and fastened with self-tapping screws.

Modern building technologies allow a person with almost any budget to build a canopy, so the answer to the question of how much it costs to build a canopy depends entirely on the desires of the buyer and his imagination.

In this article, all stages of the construction of a canopy were discussed in detail. Now it remains only to take the acquired knowledge into service and start building this practical and stylish detail of the backyard landscape.

Photo ideas of beautiful canopies for a summer residence

Metal sheds are reliable, functional outbuildings, durable, practical, but visually light, harmoniously fit into the landscape of the site, do not clutter up the natural landscape. In the article, we will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of metal structures, what is better to build from, we will offer examples of simple projects, we will tell you how to correctly calculate the dimensions of the building, as well as its individual elements.

We will give detailed, step-by-step instructions on how to make a shed canopy from a metal profile with your own hands, for example, the drawings were chosen with average sizes, if necessary, they can be adjusted to individual conditions.

General characteristics of metal canopies

Canopies made of metal, a photo diagram of a standard design is given below, you can make it yourself, even if you are far from construction. The design of the building is simple - these are vertical pillars, a truss truss is attached to them, then a crate is arranged, then a roof.

Canopies from a metal profile, in the photo is a general view of a standard design

Application area

Metal awnings are widely popular in private individual as well as commercial construction. These are covered parking lots, stops - a shelter for people waiting for public transport, structures above the entrance to the building, according to the regulatory regulations, their presence is mandatory in houses above 2 floors, visors above the gate, galleries leading from the gate to the house, outbuildings - shelters for firewood, other utensils, gazebos - from mini structures to combined buildings, sometimes two-story.

The project of a free-standing metal canopy from a profile

Constructive

Metal canopies can be divided into three types:

Mini designs - visors, mobile gazebos, mono-product - barbecue with a roof.
Independent detached metal buildings.
Combined - extensions to the garage, house, bath, etc., more often it is a veranda, a terrace - a place to relax, or a shed for household purposes.

Drawing of a cantilever-beam attached metal canopy to the house

The project of a canopy of metal structures is made based on the functionality of the building, these can be:

open buildings, consisting of supports and a roof;
closed buildings, where the sides are sewn up with sheet material, panels, wood, gratings, glazed, closed with thick curtains, awnings, fabrics with special moisture-resistant impregnation, canvas, soft glazing.

Canopy of metal profile and soft tiles for firewood

Advice: For glazing a metal canopy, it is recommended to use sliding aluminum systems, they do not block the view, the sections can be moved to open the building as much as possible. Such glazing is a reliable protection against precipitation, dust, gusts of wind, in a slight frost it will maintain a favorable microclimate inside, which will make rest comfortable at any time of the year.

Large metal structure combined with brickwork

Open metal canopies, due to the low weight of the structure, are often arranged on the roof of a garage, summer kitchen, gazebos. Such a solution is a great opportunity to organize a comfortable recreation area with a gorgeous view if there is no space for an independent building on the site.

Advantages and disadvantages of metal canopies

Making a canopy with your own hands from metal is a profitable, practical solution, subject to the construction technology, proper care - the building will serve faithfully for several decades.

Metal structures are not afraid of temperature deltas, they are resistant to natural physical-chemical, biological, mechanical loads. But the metal quickly heats up and cools down, this should be taken into account when building canopies for relaxation, over the barbecue, so it is better to provide protective elements, for example, make railings in the gazebo, as well as wooden seats.

The main enemy of metal sheds is rust, which can cause significant harm, even destroy the structure in a short time. The processing and protection of the metal elements of the canopy will help to avoid fatal consequences.

Drawing of a metal canopy over the porch

materials

Metal canopies are divided according to the materials of manufacture:

Material	supports,	truss system	Auxiliary elements, crate	Fastening
	The thickness of the walls and the section of the profile depends on the size of the structure
round pipe	50-100 mm in diameter	Ø25-30 mm, often the truss is made of wood	Ø18-25 mm	Welding
Profile rolled	Profile rib 50-150 mm	2525, 4030, 2550, 4040 mm with a wall of 2 mm for small, medium buildings, 3 mm for large buildings, or a 60402 mm profile is used	40*20mm	Welding on a metal scarf or bolted connection
Prefabricated structures made of aluminum profile	Finished products are assembled as a constructor: on washers or end method
Canopies made of stainless steel	Only professionals can make a quality product with their own hands; a special type of welding is required. Canopies made of stainless steel do not require finishing or additional protection.
Forged Products	The most luxurious, sophisticated type of canopies that will decorate the house and the site. There are 2 options for implementing the idea: order a finished building or do it yourself. The first solution is simpler, but comparing the cost, there are less financial costs, if you weld a frame from a metal profile, decorate it with forged parts, serial stamping, which you can buy on the market, will cost less at a price.

It is more practical, more economical - to build a canopy from a profile pipe with your own hands. Over time, it can be closed with curtains, glazed, overlaid with brick, stone, decorated with forging, wooden grating.

Drawing of a standard cantilever metal canopy over the front door

The technical side of the issue - projects, diagrams, drawings, calculations

Analyzing any drawing of a canopy from a profile pipe, the structure can be represented in two parts: a metal frame and a roof. The base is vertical poles made of a round pipe or a square profile, along the upper heads of which there is a strapping with rolled metal or the lower belt of the truss. This gives rigidity to the metal structure, helps to maintain the geometry even under significant loads.

supports

Pillars are recommended to be placed at a distance of 1.5-2 m from each other. If the building is adjacent to the house, garage, sauna, etc., then it is advisable to place support columns near the main building that will hold the canopy. In the absence of such an opportunity, in order to tie the canopy to the house from the metal profile, with your own hands you should attach a transverse beam to the load-bearing wall, which will serve as a support for the farm. Long anchors are used in the work. The solution will help distribute the load evenly across the entire load-bearing wall.

Farms

The main load from precipitation and gusts of wind falls on the truss system of the canopy, so it is important to make the correct calculation of the trusses, to determine the thickness of the profile for its manufacture. Canopies from a metal profile, photo examples below, are arranged under a single, gable or arched roof.

Which canopies can be made from a profile pipe with your own hands, photo examples of different types of roofs

Farms are:

Triangular, polygonal, parallel, broken - determined by the contour of the belt.
Inside the belt there can be lattices - triangular, rhombic, slanted and semi-slanted.
According to the method of support - cantilever, beam, arched, beam-cantilever.

Typical truss arches for metal canopies

In order to correctly calculate a truss from a profile pipe for a canopy, it is necessary to take into account snow and wind loads, the angle of the roof, and the size of the structure. Experts will help you avoid mistakes in rather complex engineering calculations or you should use an online calculator.

For the manufacture of small or medium metal canopies, in private it is better to use ready-made drawings and projects, to make universal trusses that are suitable for all types of structures.

Standard shed trusses

The optimal slope of the roof is 15-25 o, suitable for all types of roofing material: polycarbonate, corrugated board, soft roofing, metal tiles, etc.

Requirements for materials and fastening

In order for a frame for a canopy made of a profile pipe to meet quality standards, a number of conditions must be met:

It is unacceptable to use a profile with cracks for the manufacture of units that carry elements of the canopy.
The end face of the supporting ribs must have a roughness of Ra £12.5 µm, which is regulated by GOST 2789-73.
For trusses of the lower belt, steel without internal layers is used, coarse slag inclusions are strictly prohibited.
According to GOST in section 14771-76, joints should be made by mechanical welding, using carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon and argon.
Guided by paragraphs 2246-70 and 26271-84 of GOST, PP-AN-8 wire is required for welding.
GOST in part 7798-70 states: rafters are attached to vertical supports and rafter parts with class 5.8 bolts.

Scheme with dimensions, according to which you can build a standard carport for a car with your own hands from metal

How to make a metal canopy with your own hands - step by step instructions

We will make a canopy from a metal profile with our own hands, we took standard drawings, adapted them to the size of the site, the dimensions of the building are 4 * 3 m, the roof is made of polycarbonate 8 mm thick.

The standard scheme, according to which we will build a canopy from a metal profile with our own hands, a photo of a typical design with an arched roof

Foundation

We enclose the site with pegs, pull the rope, mark the installation site for the pillars, check the geometry, the diagonals should be equal. We remove the upper soft layer of soil, dig holes for supports, 700 mm deep.

Attention: If the terrain is swampy, uneven terrain or the ground on the site is quicksand, then it is better to equip a pile foundation.

We fill the bottom with crushed stone and sandstone, layers of 100 ml, we ram the pillow. The site can be lined with paving slabs or poured with concrete. For concreting the site, a reinforcing frame is made of corrugated rods, a cell of 100 * 100, 200 * 200 mm, is laid on a pillow so that the reinforcement does not touch the bottom by 50 mm, pebbles or ready-made coasters should be placed. A crate is installed around the perimeter, a 100 mm thick slab is poured with concrete at once, without interruptions. The fittings must be immersed in the solution by 50 mm from all sides.

How to concrete a metal pole

We pour concrete at the bottom of the pits, a layer of 100 mm, insert pillars from a profile pipe, check the verticals, fill the solution to ground level. If necessary, we set the selections until the concrete has completely solidified in order to maintain the geometry of the frame for the canopy.

After a week, when the solution gains strength, we file the pillars to size. We weld the harness along the upper heads, this will fasten the building and give it rigidity.

How to weld a truss for a canopy

The farm is best made on the ground, then raised to the frame. To bend the profile, you can use a special machine or make a hard template with your own hands, according to which the details of the farm will bend. In large stores, a service is provided for bending a metal profile along standard radii. Farms should be installed every meter, there are 5 of them in our construction. We need 10 curved parts, as well as a 30 * 30 * 2 mm profile for internal stiffeners.

How to bolt a truss to a metal frame

We cut the farm elements to size, cook the main nodes of the truss system. When all the parts are ready, we lift them with a crane onto the frame, then we attach them to the strapping with bolts or by welding onto a steel scarf. Next, we weld a crate from a profile of 40 * 25 * 2 mm, a distance of 750 mm.

Treatment

After assembly, we clean the frame with a stiff brush, remove scale, remove signs of corrosion, then go through with sandpaper to finally get rid of the lesions, as well as increase the adhesion of the surfaces. Before painting, to degrease the frame, it should be washed with a rag soaked in a solvent, when it has completely evaporated, it can be primed.

Helpful advice: A light gray primer is suitable for any color of paint, dark mixtures are relevant for bright colors of paint, for pastel colors it is better to use white primer.

The primer will protect the canopy from corrosion, significantly reduce paint consumption. If the coloring composition does not have good hiding power, then the primer layer will provide a reliable protective layer and a uniform color. Under hammer compositions, one layer is sufficient; for coating with conventional paints, it is better to apply primer 2 times. They paint metal canopies with brushes, rollers, spraying from an airbrush is the most profitable, which will significantly speed up the process, reduce paint consumption by one and a half to two times, and provide an even, holistic, reliable, aesthetic coating.

Standard hammer effect paint colors

How to fix polycarbonate to the metal frame of the canopy

For metal canopies, it is better to use cellular polycarbonate. Cut with a grinder with a disc for metal. Sand the edges with a fine abrasive to remove burrs. You can fix polycarbonate on thermal washers or using a special profile.

In the first case, holes are made 2 mm larger than the diameter of the fastening leg. A rubber seal is put on the washer, which prevents dust and moisture from getting inside, the part is inserted into the hole until a characteristic click. Point fastening allows the material to maneuver a little, which protects the polycarbonate from deformation, cracking during the operation of the material during cooling or heating.

Thermal washer mount

The profile connection is more hermetic, it is justified when it is necessary to join the panels. The edges sit on thermal washers. Which type of profile to choose depends on the type of roof, so it is selected individually.

Detailed diagram-instruction on how to properly bend and fasten polycarbonate

Subsequently, the sides of the canopy can be sewn up with blank panels, glazed, hang curtains or plant grapes, climbing roses, climbing plants, when they grow, you get a beautiful, lively gallery.

Be sure to see how to make a canopy with your own hands from metal, the video tells in detail how to join the main components of the structure, cook the farm, and strengthen the frame. The video describes in detail what errors I encountered in practice, as well as how to eliminate them.