Anatoly Karpov was born on May 23, 1951 in the city of Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk Region. The love of chess was instilled in the boy by his father. It was dad who taught his son to accept victories and defeats faithfully and with dignity. When little Tolik went to first grade, he was enrolled in a chess club. Already at the age of ten he received the first category in chess and his first large-scale victory at the championship in the Chelyabinsk region.
In 1965, the family moved to Tula, where Anatoly graduated from high school with a gold medal. Then the young man went to Moscow, where he entered the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of the Mikhail Lomonosov Moscow State University. A year later, he transferred to the economics department of St. Petersburg State University.
Mikhail Moiseevich Botvinnik had a decisive influence on the formation of Karpov's personality as a chess player. During this period, Anatoly already had the title of master of sports. Further, the victory in the youth championship in Stockholm gave the chess player confidence and strength, and already in 1970 he again won the championship in the national championship and received the title of grandmaster.
In subsequent years, Karpov played as part of the national student team at the world championships among students in 1971 and 1972 and as part of the USSR national team, which won victories at the 1972 and 1974 Chess Olympiads, at the 1973 European Championship. Karpov won many games in different countries of the world with the strongest opponents.
In 1975 Karpov became the twelfth world chess champion. Bobby Fischer gave him his seat without a fight. Karpov confirmed his title twice: in 1978 and 1981, and only in 1985 was he defeated by Garry Kasparov, with whom the grandmaster competed five times, and their last game turned out to be the longest in the history of chess. The only game that Anatoly regrets is the game with Bobby Fischer, which did not take place.
In addition to his sports career, Anatoly Evgenievich worked as a junior researcher at the Research Institute for Comprehensive Social Research at St. Petersburg State University. Then he became a researcher at the Department of Political Economy of the Humanities Faculties of the Moscow State University named after Mikhail Lomonosov. Soon the champion was elected president of the International Association of Peace Foundations. Since 1999, for four years he has been Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Federal Industrial Bank.
Anatoly Evgenievich is a member of the Union of Journalists of Russia, he is the author of fifty-nine books, fifty-six of them on chess, collections and textbooks published and translated into many languages of the world, numerous magazine and newspaper articles on socio-political, economic and social topics. At the same time, he was the editor-in-chief of the Encyclopedic Chess Dictionary and the magazine "64 - Chess Review".
Karpov is also known as a prominent politician. From 2011 to 2016, he was elected to the State Duma of Russia of the VI convocation, a member of the Duma Committee on Natural Resources, Nature Management and Ecology, the Presidential Council for Culture, and the Public Council under the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. President of the Belaya Ladya All-Russian Competition, President of the Mikhail Botvinnik Interregional Public Foundation, Vice President of the International Russian Chess Federation, President of the Organizing Committee of the World Children's Chess Olympiads, Chairman of the Council of the Children of Chernobyl Chess School, Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the International Chess in Schools Festival ".
Anatoly Karpov Honorary is a doctor of the Russian State Social University, St. Petersburg State University, Moscow International Higher School of Business MIRBIS, Russian State University of Trade and Economics, Tomsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. Honorary Professor of Chuvash State University and Moscow State University named after Mikhail Lomonosov.
In the elections on September 18, 2016, Karpov Anatoly Evgenievich was elected as a Deputy of the State Duma of the VII convocation as part of the federal list of candidates put forward by the All-Russian political party "United Russia". Regional group No. 8 - Tyumen region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Member of the United Russia faction. Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on International Affairs. Date of commencement of office: September 18, 2016.
Anatoly Karpov December 15, 2019 elected President of the Union of National and Non-Olympic Sports of Russia. In this post, he replaced Mikhail Tikhomirov. The reporting and election meeting of the organization was held at the Russian Olympic Committee. Karpov was also re-elected president of the International Association of Peace Foundations.
Awards and Recognition of Anatoly Karpov
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree (May 23, 2001) - for a great contribution to the implementation of charitable programs, strengthening peace and friendship between peoples
Order of Friendship (May 22, 2011) - for a great contribution to strengthening peace and friendship between peoples and fruitful social activities
Order of Lenin (November 24, 1981) - for outstanding sports achievements, a great creative contribution to the development of the Soviet chess school and fruitful social activities
Order of the Red Banner of Labor (October 27, 1978) - for sports achievements and a great contribution to the development of the Soviet chess school
Gratitude of the President of the Russian Federation (February 29, 2008) - for his great contribution to the development of civil society institutions and active participation in the work of the Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation
Gratitude of the President of the Russian Federation (July 11, 1996) - for active participation in organizing and conducting the election campaign of the President of the Russian Federation in 1996
Laureate of the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of education (August 28, 2009) - for educational and pedagogical work "Interregional University Educational and Pedagogical Complex for Science-Intensive Multifunctional Training of Medical Specialists for Disaster and Emergency Medicine" for educational institutions of higher professional education
Order of Merit, II degree (Ukraine, November 11, 2006) - for a significant personal contribution to social assistance to victims of the Chernobyl disaster, many years of active charitable and social activities
Order of Merit, ІІІ degree (Ukraine, September 21, 2002) - for active charitable work, a significant personal contribution to the provision of social assistance to the children of Ukraine affected by the Chernobyl disaster
Silver Olympic Order (2001)
Order of the Holy Prince Daniil of Moscow II degree (1996)
Order of St. Sergius of Radonezh II degree (2001)
Order of the Monk Nestor the Chronicler, 1st class (UOC MR, 2006) - for work for the good of the Church, sporting achievements and charity
Medal "For outstanding contribution to the development of collections in Russia"
Honorary Member of the VOF (1979)
Honorary Diploma of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of Russia No. 1
Laureate of the national award "Russian of the Year" (2006)
Order "For exceptional achievements in sports" (Republic of Cuba)
Medal named after K. E. Tsiolkovsky of the Federation of Cosmonautics of Russia
Medal "For strengthening the penitentiary system" I and II degree
Badge of the 1st degree of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Order of the Russian Union of Veterans "For Merit to the Veteran Movement" (2015)
Grand Gold Medal of Paris, Honorary Medals of Le Havre, La Rochelle, Cannes, Belfort, Lyon (France)
9 times recognized as the best chess player of the year by the International Chess Press Association and was awarded with Oscar prizes
More than 50 games played by him were recognized as the best games of the year or the best, most beautiful games of the competition
Anatoly Karpov was born on May 23, 1951 in the Ural city of Zlatoust. The ancestors of Karpov, both on the part of his father, Evgeny Stepanovich, and on the part of his mother, Nina Grigorievna, belonged to the oldest dynasties of Zlatoust workers. Parents and met at a machine-building plant.
By the time Tolya's eldest daughter Larisa appeared in the Tolya family, she was five years old. The Karpovs' house was located in the center of Zlatoust, on Lenin Street. They lived on the fourth floor in a five-room apartment. As was customary at that time, how many rooms - so many families. When one of the neighbors moved out of the apartment, the Karpovs were allowed to take another room. Communal life forever made Anatoly Karpov tolerant of any housing inconvenience.
In early childhood, Tolya dreamed of becoming a pilot. He distorted the words in a funny way and promised to take all his close relatives for a ride on the plane.
Already from the very first chess games, young Karpov received lessons of nobility from his father. Yevgeny Stepanovich did not bring the game to a checkmate, but over and over again arranged the pieces anew and, as the game progressed, tried to explain simple truths to his son. The game for the result began only when the boy learned the meaning of the game and learned to anticipate the next moves. The first defeats sometimes brought Tolya to tears, and in such cases, his father kindly comforted him. But one day my father threatened: "If you cry again, I will never sit down to play with you again." The threat seemed worse than the execution, and these were the last chess tears in the circle of the Karpov family.
Karpov never forgot about the lessons of nobility received in childhood from his father. In numerous sessions of simultaneous play, he tried his best not to win against the smallest or weakest opponent.
At the age of six, Tolya entered the chess orbit of his court. Yard board games in our country have always been characterized by a special spirit of democracy. Wait your turn and play. Lost - make room for the next in line. The player's age didn't matter. Tolya's first yard rival was Sasha Kolyshkin, who later became his friend. He was in the same class as his sister Larisa and was five years older. So that Tolya could better see the chessboard, a wooden box was placed on the bench. The first pancake came out lumpy - Karpov lost, although he had every chance of winning. The older comrades praised and comforted Tolya, and tears came to his eyes against his will. But as soon as a new party began, Tolya wiped away his tears and asked: "Who is the last one?"
In the chess club, located in the Sports Palace of the Metallurgical Plant, first grader Karpov was brought by comrades in the yard. It was the only place in the city where chess was played. The second-class player Alexei Ivanovich Pak supervised the classes at the club. In order to become a participant in the qualifying tournament, the seven-year-old Karpov had to successfully play with the seventy-year-old Morkovin. Tolya passed the first test successfully, and then on the first attempt he fulfilled the standard of the 3rd category. By the age of ten, young Karpov had already managed to become a first-class athlete and the champion of the Chelyabinsk region among schoolchildren.
Best of the day
I was lucky: when I was seven years old or a little earlier, Mikhail Tal entered the big chess with brilliance and, as I remember, everyone knew this name, everyone was rooting for Tal - a young star! - and chess captured a lot of people. In those years, we, in Zlatoust, had a real chess boom. In our yard, almost all the guys knew how to play chess. At some point, chess supplanted all other games, and, sitting on the porch, we played chess all day long.
And for the first time I saw figures carved from wood at home - my father was very fond of chess. Parents often recall with what greed, when I was not yet four years old, I watched the games between my father and his friends. But despite my ardent requests, I was not introduced to the rules of the game right away. It seems that for at least a year I sought the right to sit at the chessboard. I remember how terribly upset I was when I lost a game. And my father said that without losses there would be no winnings, and that if I got upset like that, he would not play with me! But some time passed, and I began to stubbornly resist my father, and sometimes even outperform him.
When I went to first grade, the guys from our yard, who were older than me, but with whom I played on an equal footing, persuaded my parents to let me take me to the Sports Palace of the metallurgical plant, where there was a chess room and where tournaments were regularly held. And in the Sports Palace, the guys persuaded the head of the circle to immediately include me in the tournament for the performance of the third category, since each of them already had the fourth category, and I, they say, are not inferior to them. And indeed, on the first attempt, I completed the third category. And the rest of the chess milestones, including the grandmaster (I became a grandmaster in 1970, at the age of nineteen), I also overcame on the first try - only the second rank, oddly enough, was given with difficulty. Here my main rival in the yard, Sasha Kolyshkin, outran me. Kolyshkin was five years older than me, but he and I moved approximately the same way up the chess ladder. However, I performed the second category, it seems, only on the third attempt, and Kolyshkin - on the first. We reached the first category again at the same time, but then Kolyshkin moved away from chess.
Do not think that at that time I took chess seriously. Only at the age of fifteen, when I completed the title of master, did I understand that chess, if you want to progress in it, requires more knowledge and more dedication. By this time, Mikhail Moiseevich Botvinnik had already seriously influenced my chess views. In 1964, Botvinnik opened his correspondence chess school in Moscow, and I, like other promising schoolchildren, came to Botvinnik for the holidays. Botvinnik looked over our games, together we analyzed the opening schemes, the best games played by grandmasters during this period. Botvinnik's approach to chess and, of course, his direct remarks about my completely mediocre knowledge of openings - all this impressed me. I began to read various chess books, because before meeting Botvinnik the only such book (I read it, however, from cover to cover) was the book of selected games of Capablanca.
In a word, it was Botvinnik who changed my attitude towards chess, but not yet to the extent that I began to study it very seriously. Even without knowing the theory, I could play on equal terms with my then opponents, relying only on my intuition and abilities. What to do? Young chess players are characterized by excessive self-confidence. But when at the age of fifteen I became a master and finally seriously decided to devote myself to chess (before that I didn’t even think about what I wanted to be: I studied at a mathematical school, all disciplines were easy ...), then I really got stuck. I realized that in many ways I create difficulties for myself only because I do not know the chess alphabet.
In 1963, 12-year-old Karpov became the country's youngest candidate for master of sports and had already won the Zlatoust adult championship. It is not surprising that in the same year he was among the very first enrollment in the Mikhail Botvinnik school, organized in the suburbs by the Trud sports society. At the school sessions, the young Karpov did not make much of an impression on Botvinnik. Giving him an assessment in a conversation with his assistant Yurkov, the ex-world champion said: "The boy has no idea about chess." In a simultaneous game session that took place during one of the sessions, Botvinnik blundered Karpov's queen. The boy turned to the assistant to suggest that the séance take the move back. The master refused, and then Tolya deliberately allowed a return review, which led the game to a draw.
It was only from his new chess schoolmates that Karpov learned that Botvinnik was Botvinnik's real name. He was convinced that Botvinnik, Tal and Korchnoi were pseudonyms behind which great chess players hide their real names.
Tolya received a good-natured nickname from Botvinnik's new schoolmates - Karpik. All the guys were several years older than him and surrounded him with touching care. Free time at the sessions was spent playing blitz right through. Every day, the number of games played was in the triple digits. As a rule, Karpov's finest hours came after midnight - due to his phenomenal endurance, he began to defeat everyone in a row. In the third and final session, the results of the blitz became too predictable. The guys decided to diversify the blitz with cards - a one-on-one game of a throw-in fool. The competitions were held as official tournaments with qualifying standards. Everyone started out as a rookie. By the end of the session, Karpov and Yura Balashov managed to become candidates for the master, four more guys - first-class, one - second-class.
In 1965, after graduating from the seven-year plan - school No. 3 in the city of Zlatoust, Karpov was given a diploma, indicating that his name was entered in the school chronicle. Anatoly received letters of commendation for each year of study, won numerous competitions. The teachers were sorry to part with such a student. But in the same year, the Karpov family moved to Tula, where Evgeny Stepanovich became the chief engineer of the Shtamp plant.
1965-1969 TULA
In 1966, young Karpov received a master's degree. In the same year, Anatoly went abroad for the first time to an international tournament in Czechoslovakia and won the first prize - 200 rubles. He bought boots for his mother and a portable chess set for himself for 26 crowns (three rubles for that money). These chess pieces served Karpov as a talisman for a long time, they were always with him, on every trip to the tournament, until he lost them in the early 90s. In 1968, a whole chain of events took place in Karpov's life that predetermined his meteoric rise in chess. In the summer, Anatoly graduated with a gold medal from the mathematical class of the Tula school No. 20. And he entered the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of Moscow State University. At the same time, Karpov moved from the Trud society to CSKA in order to gain financial independence. His master's scholarship amounted to 100 rubles. The transition to CSKA led to the conclusion of a creative union between a talented chess player and an experienced coach. Karpov first met Semyon Abramovich Furman back in 1963 at a session of the Botvinnik school. Then Furman was one of Botvinnik's assistants during the world championship match with Petrosyan. The next game was adjourned in a difficult position. Botvinnik persistently demanded that his assistants seek victory. "First you need to find a draw," Furman objected. Botvinnik did not like this adherence to principles, and he "exiled" Furman to give lectures to the young chess players of Trud. But two days later Botvinnik demanded it back. Semyon Abramovich turned out to be right - the adjourned game could not be saved.
In Stockholm, Karpov became the world champion among youths. This youthful crown has not been given to our young chess players since 1955, when Boris Spassky won it. With his excellent play, Anatoly won the sympathy of the championship hosts. When he caught a cold, worried fans literally flooded him with medicines. And one of the Swedes brought a thermos with hot tea from home to the hotel. At the end of the championship, it became impossible to break through to the table at which Karpov played. Some of the fans showed resourcefulness and climbed onto the windowsill, from where they could see what was happening on the chessboard. Their resourcefulness cost the organizers of the championship dearly. The heating battery broke through, and a repair team had to be called. After the junior championship, Botvinnik was asked at a lecture: "Does Karpov have a chance of becoming world champion among adults?" Botvinnik laughed it off: "Karpov's talent is significant, but will he have enough physical strength? There has never been a champion in the history of chess who would weigh less than fifty kilograms." Furman reacted to this with a seriousness that surprised everyone: "And Tolya already has fifty-one kilograms!"
1970-1979 LENINGRAD
In 1969, Anatoly transferred from the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of Moscow State University to the Faculty of Economics of Leningrad University. One of the main reasons is the desire to be closer to Furman, who lived in Leningrad. At that time, Furman was still coaching Viktor Korchnoi, who played in Candidates matches. Therefore, when Furman began to help Karpov in preparation for the World Youth Championship, the wards of one coach could not help but get closer.
Karpov's first meeting with Korchnoi took place in a holiday home near Leningrad, where Korchnoi was vacationing with his wife Bela. Usually, when they meet, chess players sit down to play blitz. Played well past midnight. "If you want to be taken home by car, you must win the match," Furman whispered in Anatoly's ear. The result of the match is understandable if Bela got behind the wheel of the Volga and drove Karpov and Furman home.
I even lost one academic year due to the fact that I played at the World Junior Championships and had to seriously prepare for it. Then everything was given to chess. In general, my whole life is so - cyclical, or something. As soon as he finished the most important chess affairs, university affairs came up. I just passed the session, passed the second - chess problems came up again. And so I keep spinning. ...Chess competitions usually last 20-30 days at least. Chess requires daily work. And here I must mention one curious incident. The largest chess competitions are mostly held during student sessions. In winter there are national championships, and in summer, in May-June, major international competitions... As a result, I have to "stretch" the sessions: first I run ahead, pass several exams and tests ahead of schedule, and then fall behind. I have one session lasted from April to November. In April I passed 2 or 3 exams, then I left and played from about mid-May to mid-September. An amazing session: from April 1 to November 1... As for everyday chess lessons, the daily norm, or something, it is very difficult to limit myself here: if there is a mood, then I can practice chess all day long. But this is about creative work. It is this kind of "pure" work, the work of a chess thinker, that requires a certain attitude. But in chess there is also a lot of rough work, although it is generally believed that it has already been done, that it goes by itself.
In 1970, Karpov won the Russian championship in Kuibyshev (now Samara) and won the right to play in the USSR championship. After the end of the championship, Anatoly was asked to give a session of simultaneous play for local chess players. One of the participants in the session was a boy. The young trickster stole three paces at once when the game went into the endgame. When Karpov tried to persuade the boy, he began to prove that the seancer was wrong. I had to ask his mother to stay with her son until the end of the games on the other boards. Karpov proved the deceit by recalling all the moves from memory. It was not easy to remember them, but this was required by educational considerations and Karpov's prestige.
In 1970, Anatoly participated in a strong international tournament in Caracas (Venezuela) for the first time and immediately completed the grandmaster norm. Between the final games of the tournament, its participants gave simultaneous sessions. In the course of the session, Karpov approached the table, made a move, and suddenly literally collapsed. It's good that someone managed to substitute a chair. It turned out that the newly minted grandmaster overheated by the pool and got sunstroke. Despite the fact that Karpov felt bad, he considered himself not entitled to give up the game.
The second half of 1971 was full of important chess competitions for Karpov as never before. As soon as the national marathon championship in Leningrad ended, he had to start at the Alekhine Memorial in Moscow.
At the draw, Karpov for a long time could not unscrew the head of the souvenir nesting doll, in which his serial number was hidden. This gave rise to some joker from the audience to exclaim: "Strong is not enough ... How can he withstand such a tournament!"
Anatoly endured. Together with Leonid Stein, he shared first place in the strongest tournament of that time, ahead of the reigning world champion Spassky and three former world champions - Smyslov, Tal and Petrosyan.
When another ex-world champion Botvinnik learned that Karpov had become one of the winners of the super tournament, he exclaimed: "Remember today - December 18, 1971. A new chess star of the first magnitude has risen!"
"The 18-year-old student of Leningrad University A. Karpov is undoubtedly a chess player with a future. He always soberly assesses his strengths, takes part in competitions only when he feels good and knows that he will play successfully. Karpov is a talented chess player, with a collected, strong-willed character."
M. Botvinnik, 1970
The speed of my game is by no means explained by the fact, as some people think, that everything is clear to me. I just don't want to sit in time trouble. So far, this has happened to me 2-3 times in my life, and I realized that sometimes you should limit yourself to just a good move, and not look for the best one, rather than later experience "creative dissatisfaction" from defeat.
"First you have to learn not to lose, and the winnings will come. But I rarely agree to a draw in advance."
In 1972, Karpov made his debut as part of the USSR national team at the World Chess Olympiad in Skopje (Yugoslavia). He showed the best result on the first spare board (13 points out of 15) and significantly helped the team win the Olympiad. After graduation, Tal said: "In Skople, I realized that Karpov is really capable of the highest achievements."
At the end of the same year, San Antonio (USA) hosted a competition with a colorful name - "The Tournament of Fried Chicken". Tournament sponsor - Texas millionaire Chorch - got rich selling fried chicken. The newly-made world champion American Robert Fischer did not play in the tournament. "We decided not to invite Bobby, because there was a danger that he would demand the whole business of Mr. Chorch as a fee," the American master Koltanovsky joked. Fischer attended the tournament as a spectator. Due to his arrival, the start of the last round was delayed by 15 minutes. The World Champion appeared together with FIDE President Max Euwe, went up to the stage and shook hands with each participant of the tournament. Such was the first meeting between Fischer and Karpov, who, by the way, came out the winner of the "Roast Chicken Tournament".
In 1973, Karpov took the first step towards the title of world champion, sharing first place with Korchnoi at the interzonal tournament in Leningrad. Despite the fact that there were only four steps left to the chess crown, Anatoly said: "This is not my cycle."
One of the most important in the tournament for Karpov was the game against Tal. The game was adjourned in a difficult position for him. In the analyzes with Furman, it was not possible to find a draw. Anatoly fell into an uneasy sleep. And in a dream, a sketch move was found leading to salvation. True, Tal did not act in the best way when the game ended, and the draw was achieved much easier. After this game, the American Zuckerman, who was on friendly terms with Fischer, exclaimed: "If Karpov saves such positions, then it is impossible to defeat him at all!"
University students have always been required to undergo military training. No exception was made for Karpov, who by this time was already a famous chess player.
Anatoly graduated from the military department at Leningrad University and became an artillery officer. One of the vivid memories of the military department is a serious study of the 1938 howitzer, which remained in service with the army in the 70s.
Two defense ministers immediately wanted to make Karpov a colonel. First Grechko after the victory in Baguio. And in the early 80s, Ustinov suggested to Karpov: "Why don't you go from the reserve to military service? We will give you a good army position corresponding to the rank of colonel." "Why do I need a colonel? I'm already a general in chess," said Karpov.
Mikhail Tal once said that I profess chess realism at the board. Probably, the ex-world champion is right. Thrill-seekers love the musketeers-style risky game, but I don't like it: realism really appeals to me more. What I value most in chess is the harmonious sequence of the plan, based on a deep assessment of the position."
In the summer of 1973, Soviet grandmasters Anatoly Karpov and Mikhail Tal were among the guests of honor at the World Festival of Youth and Students. Having accepted the surrender of the last of the participants in the 50-board simultaneous game, which he gave to the guests of the festival, Karpov saw that an elderly thin woman with neatly combed gray hair and a notebook in her hand was approaching him.
I watched your game closely and wrote down a few games that seemed especially interesting to me, ”she said in fairly clear Russian.
I think you stand a good chance of beating my son over time...
Thank you for your attention and kind words, - Karpov answered politely, although somewhat surprised. - Apparently, your son will play in tomorrow's session? I hope that I can distinguish him from other participants, and I will try to justify your prediction...
At this time, Karpov's gaze fell on Tal, who was standing next to him. And the Leningrader saw with amazement that his companion was biting his lips from suppressed laughter.
But keep in mind: my son is a very strong chess player,” the woman continued.
Well, the more interesting it will be to meet him at the board...
I'm afraid you still don't quite understand me. The thing is, I'm the mother of world chess champion Bobby Fischer...
Now it was Karpov's turn to laugh. However, he quickly came to his senses and, apologizing to the mother of the champion, said:
I do not consider myself entitled to take back my words and repeat that I will try to justify your forecast. I do not think, however, that I will be able to win the right to meet with your son already in 1975. I pin my hopes on the next cycle...
In 1974, Lev Polugaevsky became Karpov's first opponent in the Candidates match. Having won the most difficult victory in the fourth installment, Anatoly took the lead. But already in the next game he was in a losing position. Realizing that he had nothing to lose, Karpov calmed down. And with a self-confident look, he began to walk around the stage, humming the motive of the song under his breath with the words: “Everything has melted like smoke ...” The imperturbability of the opponent made such a strong impression on Polugaevsky that he managed to play a draw.
At the opening ceremony of the next match with Spassky, Karpov sat on the podium, pale and drooping. Only those closest to him knew that he was unwell - the temperature jumped to 39 degrees. The uninitiated explained his state of excitement before a meeting with a formidable opponent. The next day, Anatoly was forced to take a time out. But, without fully recovering, he lost the first game of the match. On the way home, Furman did not forget to remind his ward that Fischer also lost the first game to Spassky, but this did not prevent him from winning the match in its entirety. And indeed, in the end, for Karpov, everything turned out "a la Fisher".
"I really like Karpov. First of all, the way he plays tightly. He gives content, acts with tension, he has completeness. There are bright stars, but twinkling, and he is of even light ..."
B. Spassky, 1974
"Karpov plays stronger and stronger. In his work, the most amazing thing is simplicity, clarity and filigree strategic skill. They say about Karpov that he is a modern Capablanca. Perhaps they are right. But this is not enough. Karpov is a modern Capablanca, purposeful, assertive and strong-willed."
A. Suetin, 1974
On the way to the chess pinnacle, Karpov and Korchnoi passed the starting segment side by side - the interzonal tournament. And together we reached the finish line - the final match of the candidates.
Even before the start of this world championship cycle, thanks to Furman, Karpov and Korchnoi became quite close friends. And even had a joint chess training. One day, their mutual friends threw a party. Someone invited all those present to guess the names of the participants in the final match of applicants. Karpov wrote on his piece of paper: Spassky-Petrosyan. When the finalists were determined, a friend came to Anatoly, who took the notes for safekeeping. Only one of them had a correct prediction: Korchnoi-Karpov. Korchnoi himself turned out to be a prophet.
While Karpov was pressing Spassky in the last game of the match, Korchnoi walked around all the mutual acquaintances in the press center and in the auditorium. Everyone was told the same phrase: "Now you have to choose with whom - with me or Karpov - you will continue to maintain relations." The Cold War did not help Korchnoi. The final Candidates match in Moscow was won by Karpov and qualified for the match with Fischer.
“At first, I didn’t really believe that I could win the Candidates Competition. I didn’t think about who I would lose to specifically, but I thought that at some stage the experience would still not be enough. I really believed in a meeting with Fischer when I found out "I'm going to play against Korchnoi in the final. If it were a tournament, I wouldn't doubt for a minute that Korchnoi is the number one competitor."
“A lot has been written about Anatoly Karpov lately, and everyone rightly agrees that, despite his age, he is very rational, prudent beyond his years and does not belong to the number of addicted natures. He knows how to restrain emotions, knows how to relax after each game and save strength for the next."
V. Smyslov, 1974
The whole world was looking forward to the American-Soviet chess confrontation. Through his representative, Fischer demanded that FIDE amend the match regulations. The FIDE Congress satisfied almost all of his demands, but by the deadline, Fischer did not confirm his readiness to sit down at the chessboard. Karpov then did everything possible to save the match, even sent a telegram to Fischer with a proposal to meet in person and discuss the rules of the match. But there was no reply to the telegram. On April 3, 1975, FIDE President Max Euwe crowned Anatoly Karpov with a laurel wreath in Moscow and proclaimed him the 12th world champion in chess history. The cycle of the world championship turned out to be "Karpov's".
Karpov made his first trip as a world champion to his native Zlatoust. He cut the ribbon at the entrance to the newly opened chess club. In a simultaneous game session, Anatoly took revenge on everyone who lost at least once in childhood. Only one game in that session ended in a draw - with childhood friend Sasha Kolyshkin.
"Karpov is a chess player of amazing strength. He plays the so-called correct chess, as the position dictates and recommends."
M. Tal, 1975
Karpov always considered his unplayed match with Fischer a huge loss for the history of chess: “I don’t know anyone else in the history of chess to whom our game owes so much. Before him, the popularity of chess was very limited - Fischer made it a world game. He managed to raise its popularity chess to such an incredible height that for the second decade we have been spending the capital accumulated by it (sometimes adding it after losses), but still, neither our generation of chess players nor the next should forget that we live on the dividends that Robert James provided us Fisher".
In 1975, through the efforts of Petrosyan, the persecution of Korchnoi began in the USSR and he became "not allowed to leave the country". Karpov helped his former friend get rid of pressure from Petrosyan. And he even gave him a guarantee to leave to participate in an international tournament, which no one wanted to sign. Korchnoi requested political asylum and did not return to the USSR during the second trip, when Karpov's guarantee was no longer valid. On July 25, 1976, at exactly 10 am local time, Korchnoi entered the Amsterdam police station. It was at this moment - exactly at seven o'clock in the evening on the other side of the earth - that Karpov entered Fischer's room. The meeting was organized by the future FIDE President, Filipino Florencio Campomanes.
The meeting of chess champions in Tokyo was kept in the strictest confidence. Karpov disappeared for a whole day. The USSR ambassador was very nervous: "What will I tell Brezhnev and the Central Committee of the party?" Japanese special services joined the search for Karpov. Negotiations between Karpov and Fischer about the match initially developed successfully. During three meetings in Tokyo, Spanish Cordoba and Washington, the parties discussed and accepted all the conditions of the match, including a record prize fund of five million dollars. The name was the only obstacle. Fischer insisted on the name "Professional World Championship Match". This could not suit Karpov, because according to the ideology of that time, all athletes in the USSR were amateurs. Campomanes offered to formulate the name of the match later. Fischer began to put his signature on the contract, but suddenly said that he could not sign in parts.
In 1977, Karpov played at a tournament in Las Palmas. On the day off, the organizers asked him to make the first kick in the football match for the championship of Spain between the teams of Las Palmas and Salamanca. The process was actively filmed by photojournalists. Karpov quite professionally directed the ball into the lens of a camera aimed at him.
Playing in the biggest chess tournaments, Karpov never forgot about his stamp collection. Before the final game in Las Palmas, Anatoly asked Furman to put the tournament's special cancellation marks on the envelopes. In the game, the world champion miscalculated in the opening and jeopardized his first place in the tournament. "Where can he remember the options, if he keeps the whole brand catalogs in his head, if they are amiss!" - Furman complained in his hearts. - "So today, before the game, he was engaged in his philately, he completely fooled himself."
It was almost impossible to meet a foreign car on the Moscow streets in the late seventies. If a foreign miracle nevertheless whistled through the capital, then those who saw it in most cases could confidently assert that they had met a celebrity. And this is not surprising. For example, only three had the 350th Mercedes in Moscow: Brezhnev, Vysotsky and Karpov.
I won the 1977 German Open Chess Championship. As a result, he received a Mercedes-350. It was a fairly rare model. In my opinion, it was unreasonably quickly removed from production. Somewhere in six months from the start of production. The federation ordered the car especially for me. Catalogs were sent to me in Moscow. I studied them. He even made a special trip to the south of Germany, to the city where the production of Mercedes was established. There were different colors, even (I don’t know how to call it correctly) some sparkling ones. But I consulted, and they told me that with such a color scheme the car would look like before the first scratch, that it is very difficult to restore such colors. And I chose simpler - blue. The result is a great combination. Since the upholstery was made dark blue. I think this is one of my most successful cars."
Between Tilburg and Bugojno for five whole months - a break, which in my tournament practice has not been for five years now, since 1973. I needed this break to take a break (after all, I played a lot), to look back and finally look forward more closely - the final match of the candidates was taking place, and it was time to study the games of the future opponent.
In 1978 Furman passed away. Just three months later, Karpov had to defend the title of world champion.
Anatoly Karpov: "Something died in me, some part of my soul became numb, dead forever on the day when Sema, my beloved faithful friend, my second father, Semyon Abramovich Furman, left my life."
The World Championship match in Baguio was the most scandalous in the history of chess. The details of the furious psychological warfare are well known. The nervous atmosphere around the match was explained by an ideological background: the Soviet champion was opposed by a "renegade", as Korchnoi was then called in the USSR. Hopelessly losing, Korchnoi managed to win three games in a row and level the score - 5:5. But the decisive sixth point, and with it the victory in the match, was won by Karpov. Many years later, Mikhail Tal, who coached Karpov, joked: "In Baguio, we were very afraid that if Korchnoi won the match, we would all be physically destroyed at home."
After defeating Korchnoi in 1978, Karpov traveled around the country a lot with chess performances. I often had to travel by train, especially between Moscow and Leningrad. These trips, according to Karpov, overloaded his nervous system, and since then he has not slept well on trains.
But there is no evil without good. In the early 90s, insomnia saved Karpov and his friend Boris from being robbed. They traveled from Moscow to St. Petersburg in the SV carriage on the Strela. Fearing a cold, Karpov lay down with his head to the door. Boris was snoring with might and main, and Karpov was only slightly dozing. At half past five in the morning the lock clicked and the door quietly opened. A figure appeared on the threshold. "Here's another appearance of Christ to the people," said Karpov and raised his head. The thief was surprised and, pretending that he had mistaken the compartment, carefully closed the door. In the morning it turned out that all the passengers of the carriage, mostly foreigners, had been robbed.
since 1980 MOSCOW
"I admire the skill of the best chess players in the world, among which the Russians rightfully occupy a leading position. And your young Karpov is tireless and talented, an unusually strong-willed and handsome guy."
A. Delon, French actor
"Among athletes, Anatoly Karpov strikes me. This is amazing. Once again you are convinced of the inexhaustibility of human talent, the strength of the human mind, intellect."
M. Boyarsky, theater and film actor
In 1981, victory in the second match for the chess crown, held in Merano, was quite easy for Karpov. The greatest impression of the match left a beautiful valley with lakes, not far from which is Merano. "Probably the most beautiful places in Italy," says Karpov.
During the match in Merano, a report appeared in a West German weekly, which reported that Karpov's personal chef came to the hotel every day, expelled all the staff from the kitchen, cooked the food himself and served it on a silver platter to the world champion.
To achieve something in life, you need to be demanding of yourself, constantly train yourself. In sports, inaction turns into a loss, a loss is a fall, and a fall is an automatic elimination from the game.
The era of the great chess confrontation Kasparov-Karpov has five matches for the world championship.
The first match was left unfinished.
In 1985, in Moscow, Kasparov won with a score of 13:11 and became the 13th world champion in the history of chess.
In 1986, in a rematch held in London and Leningrad, the victory was again on the side of Kasparov - 12.5:11.5.
In 1987, in Seville (Spain), before the final game of the match, Karpov won by one point. But Kasparov managed to win and level the score - 12:12, which allowed him to retain the title of world champion.
In 1990, in a duel held in New York and Lyon, Kasparov again celebrated the victory - 12.5:11.5.
In 1984-85, Karpov played Garry Kasparov in Moscow for the world championship, which turned out to be the longest match in the history of chess. After five months of struggle, the match was interrupted without announcing the winner with the score 5:3 in favor of Anatoly. To finish the 27th game, Karpov went to a terrible ice, besides, he was late for the start. An escort car was ahead. On Leningradsky Prospekt, the convoy broke away from all the cars that were driving in the same direction. Between the metro stations "Dynamo" and "Begovaya", where the road makes a sharp turn, the car skidded into the oncoming lane. It was lucky that the road was empty - the cars were at the red traffic light. Karpov's car made three turns around itself and rested on the pavement curb. An oncoming stream of cars rushed past, the drivers turned their heads in surprise. They stood for a minute, took a breath. "Alive?" Karpov asked the driver. "Sort of," he replied. "Let's go". Karpov won the adjourned game and took the lead 5:0.
"Karpov is an era in chess. For ten years he has been at the top. He raised the sporting significance of chess to a new level and did a lot to popularize the game. It is very difficult to overestimate the merits of Karpov. This is the first playing champion who managed to arouse interest in chess all over the world ."
G. Kasparov, 1984
"Every world champion is an era in chess. So is Anatoly Karpov. He proved that he is rightfully considered the best chess player of the 70s and 80s. No matter what happens, he has already taken a place in chess history."
G. Kasparov, 1987
In 1985, the outcome of the second match between Karpov and Kasparov was decided in the final 24th game. As soon as it was Karpov's turn, Kasparov's southern fans began to cough. An unimaginable rumble rose in the Tchaikovsky Hall. There was no way to call the expansive fans to order. You never know, people caught a cold.
In 1986, during the World Chess Olympiad in Dubai (United Arab Emirates), relations between Karpov and Kasparov became noticeably warmer. Together, they were able to turn the tide of the Olympiad, which was unsuccessfully developing for the USSR national team, and lead the team to the first place. After the end of the competition, Kasparov sent the Olympic envelope No. 1 to Karpov with philatelic special cancellation, and Karpov Kasparov - the envelope No. 2.
If I didn't have the opportunity to switch to other activities, I would never have been able to keep myself in chess for so long. After unfortunate failures in duels with Kasparov, such switching may even have helped me survive - I was so disappointed in life then.
In 1987, Karpov won the right to fight Kasparov again by defeating Andrey Sokolov in the final Candidates match in Linares (Spain).
Anatoly Karpov: “We occupied two spacious rooms at the Anibal Hotel. The doors to the rooms were at opposite ends of the corridor. "He started playing the guitar loudly against the wall and didn't let me sleep at all. One day, after a game, Sokolov and I did a light analysis of the position. And during the conversation we began to complain to each other about impudent neighbors. Unlike me, Andrey is a "lark", and he was terribly angry that they walk and walk behind the wall at night. Well, I told him about the morning guitar. It turned out that our rooms were bordered by bedrooms, and for the duration of the match we entered into a "peace" agreement - not to interfere with each other's sleep. "
Of course, a draw is not a loss in the end. However, it is necessary to forget about it in the end. Because already now (and not tomorrow - now!) we need to think with love for noble chess, how to carry out sports training for three years, so that later we will again have the opportunity to fight for the title of world champion."
Chess has helped me a lot in my social life. And not only for me, but also for the Peace Foundation, because thanks to chess it was possible to find new contacts and mutually beneficial cooperation. I owe chess everything in my life, and therefore I will not give it up as long as I have the strength. "... It is natural for a person to always rejoice when he reaches his desired goal. And if victory is won in the sharpest struggle, then it is especially valuable and beautiful. In principle, this applies to success in any competition. But I place a championship title obtained in classical chess, of course, higher than won in the game of any other, for example, rapid."
In 1989, one of the stages of the World Cup was held in Skellefteå (Sweden). After the end of the tournament, a familiar Swede suggested that Karpov go to the forest to pick blueberries. Missing the occupation, reminiscent of childhood, Karpov agreed with pleasure. We collected a lot of berries. With baskets of collected blueberries, Karpov appeared right at the closing of the tournament and treated all his opponents without exception. Including Kasparov, with whom Karpov shared first place.
"In chess, between masters, especially between world champions, there are often false relationships." "... I have always believed that sports in general, and chess in particular, should be outside politics."
"The facts say that the last Kasparov-Karpov match was fixed. I intend to write a book and prove it. I want to announce through the press to thousands of people that all matches between these rivals were fixed." R. Fisher, 1992
“In the chess world, everyone is between two main poles and gravitates first to one of them, then to the other. At some point, Kasparov began to get closer to Campomanes, and although I myself am in diplomatic relations with him, as with a phenomenon, with with whom nothing can be done, then I was drawn to Karpov, because I noticed that Karpov had changed a lot for the better.
V. Korchnoi, 1994
"Motivation, purpose are always important in life. And I was already a world champion ... Unlike those who have not yet risen to the top, it is increasingly difficult for me to find incentives. Nevertheless, I am ready to start all over again." "... The rating of chess players does not play any role in match meetings. Here, not only skill is in the first place, but also experience, nerves, endurance."
“In the International Association of Peace Foundations, we managed to come to unity without a showdown, as happened “on the upper floors” of the former USSR. What is happening in the country cannot leave any normal person indifferent. I think people have finally begun to see clearly: from "We can only climb out of the pits together. The West, at best, will only help to rise from its knees. And only because it perfectly understood how the experiment in the former Soviet Union could threaten the whole world."
In 1993, Garry Kasparov and English champion contender Nigel Short announced their withdrawal from FIDE and played a world championship match under the auspices of the newly created Professional Chess Association (PCA). FIDE was forced to disqualify the refuseniks and organized a duel for the chess crown between Anatoly Karpov and the Dutchman Jan Timman. Karpov won and again became the world champion under the auspices of FIDE.
In 1994, the unofficial tournament world championship in Linares brought together the entire color of world chess, including two world champions in different versions - Karpov and Kasparov. There were more diamonds in Karpov's chess crown. Anatoly showed an outstanding result in the supertournament - 11 points out of 13 and was far ahead of his closest pursuers. Anatoly Karpov: "The victory in Linares for me is both an honor and self-affirmation as a world champion, and proof of my former strength."
In 1994, a few days before the start of the super tournament in Linares, the participation of Anatoly Karpov was in doubt. The stumbling block in the negotiations between the host of the tournament Senor Luis Rentero and Karpov was the meeting procedure at the Madrid airport. In previous years, the official limousine of Alcalde Linares, intended for a very important person - the world chess champion, was served directly to the gangway of the plane. By the beginning of this tournament, there were two champions at once. And Anatoly Karpov rightly demanded the same attention to his person as to the person of Garry Kasparov. In the end, the organizers of the tournament completely equalized the rights of both champions.
In which countries and places Anatoly Karpov did not give simultaneous games. Even in prisons, where there were real killers among his rivals.
In the early 90s, on a plane flying to Malta, Karpov met one of his old fans. Their new meeting took place several years later during a simultaneous game session in prison, where he was serving time for economic crimes.
"I am grateful to fate that she brought me together with such brilliant people as Garry Kasparov and Anatoly Karpov. For Garry Kimovich, chess is just one of the facets of his many-sided talent. He proved himself in chess, but he could have done anything else. Anatoly Evgenievich is a unique phenomenon, one can say that he is already a legend in chess."
K. Ilyumzhinov, 1995
In 1996, in Elista, Karpov defeated the young Gata Kamsky, an American who became a defector to the USSR in the late 80s, in a match for the chess crown. In Kalmykia, Gata not only played chess, but also looked for a bride with his father Rustam. Rustem was responsible for the selection of applicants: "My plan is this - we find a smart, homely girl from a good family, 13-14 years old. We conclude a contract with her parents, we take her to the USA, where she will study at the university together with Gata." Unfortunately for Gata Kamsky, chasing two hares, he never caught one. Didn't win the chess crown and didn't find a bride.
During the grand festivities in the Kalmyk steppes, at the end of the match, Anatoly was presented with a stallion named Pobeda. "Why was Karpov given a thoroughbred stallion, and we were given only a camel? Why do we need him in America?" - asked Rustam, bypassing the offices of the leaders of Kalmykia.
“There are different approaches to preparing for important matches. I stop participating in competitions at least a month before the start of the match. But another approach is also possible: to “warm up” in a strong tournament and join the match, as if continuing the previous competition. Since Kamsky young and full of energy, he apparently considered this approach acceptable to him.
Already the third dozen has gone since he started playing matches for the world championship. And I am very glad that I can still successfully fight and win. The last match may have become one of the most combative in the history of chess."
"... I am very pleased that I thought to take a vintage collection with me to Elista. And the point is not even that, by analyzing it, I received inner peace. Without it, it would be difficult for me to spend time. What kind of leisure did I have? Walks in the fresh air and a little physical activity. That's all. And it was always full of things to do. Every day, usually before going to bed, I spent several hours behind stamps. "
The behavior of Anand and his entire team changed dramatically during the match. From quite benevolent at the beginning to sharply aggressive at the end, which was very difficult to expect from his fragile wife. Anand is, in general, a friendly person and, it seems, he was not at ease, all this was unpleasant to him. Nevertheless, at the end of the match, for the first time in the history of matches for the chess crown, he did not congratulate his opponent on winning the world champion title.
In 1999, the final match for the world championship under the auspices of FIDE was held in Lausanne. In the last of the main games, Indian Viswanathan Anand managed to win and equalize the score - 3:3. The psychological blow was very sensitive, and Karpov spent a sleepless night. The very next day, the opponents faced two games of rapid chess, in which the Indian grandmaster was considered invincible. The next morning, friends managed to tear Karpov away from chess analyses. Together with his wife Natalia, friends persuaded Anatoly to take a walk and feed the birds on Lake Geneva. In half an hour the birds were fed four loaves of white bread. The emotional unloading turned out to be so high that Karpov won both games against his nervous opponent. And defended the title of world champion.
The last decade of the 20th century will go down in the history of chess as one of the most dramatic periods. There was a split in the world chess movement. Decades of established order was broken. Two world champions appeared at once in different versions. At various times, both Kasparov and Karpov contributed to the nomination of a new FIDE president, Kirsan Ilyumzhinov. Having come to power in FIDE, Ilyumzhinov made a real revolution in chess, replacing the classic match system of the world championship with an annual one-time tournament according to the Olympic system. This year, 2001, the 12th, 13th and 14th world champions addressed an open letter to the world chess community. Anatoly Karpov, Garry Kasparov and Vladimir Kramnik united their positions and acted as a united front against the policies of FIDE and its President Kirsan Ilyumzhinov. There is something symbolic in the fact that three chess “K”, three cats according to the Eastern calendar (born 12 years apart - in 1951, 1963 and 1975 respectively) finally managed to find a common language at the very beginning of the new century and the new millennium. .
In a technical direction, the thought is worthy of discussion. An attempt to create a people's car. The modern technical policy for cars is such that the domestic auto industry is unfortunately dying. All cars offered in the future are designed for owners of medium and high incomes. And what about the majority of Russian citizens in the countryside and in the city, who have not lost touch with the earth? They don't have technology.
People's car, as I see it, should combine the functions of a tractor and a car. Do not interfere in the flow of vehicles at the speed of movement. One inspection and one tax. And two cars in one. In addition, it could be used for inter-row tillage, have all-terrain capability, be reconfigured for driving on snow, water, and could rehabilitate able-bodied disabled people. It is possible to create such a universal vehicle.
Your car needs to maintain a speed of up to 110
km_hour. I would like to take part in the tests. Get to know the technical specifications. I am a conservative of everything domestic.
I sincerely would like the thoughts of a people's car to germinate in our land. About myself. Candidate of Technical Sciences, worked for 26 years at the Ural Scientific Research Testing Station. Conducted tests of industrial tractors. Age 60 years.
I wish you success. Happy New Year! All the best and health. Yours faithfully, Fedor Fedorovich.
He is truly a playing champion
Vitaly 22.11.2008 09:33:21
A wonderful chess player and decent person. No one has been able to beat him by a large margin. And he regularly proves his highest skill for the fourth decade. Only very envious people can call him a "master of behind-the-scenes intrigues." And he became a champion not because "he was favored by the party." After all, he had beaten Spassky and Korchnoi in a short period of time and scared the hell out of Fischer, who never appeared again on the chess scene in official matches. At the same time, he believed that Fischer should be treated with compassion, and not poison him with the whole world. And he came to support Kasparov in prison. No vindictiveness and vindictiveness, so characteristic of his opponents. Plus his books on chess theory. A real playing champion in spirit! New successes to you, Anatoly Evgenievich!
The USSR was a state of nurturing personality. It was replaced in 1985 by the system of mediocrity. The revival of the people-creator is possible in mass character. A. E. Karpov went through the earthly path of personality. It is necessary in the impending danger for Russia, using the experience of individuals to save Russia.
Scandals of the Soviet era Razzakov Fedor
Backstage Chess (Anatoly Karpov)
Backroom chess
(Anatoly Karpov)
Summer 1976 another Soviet chess player, Anatoly Karpov, was at the center of the scandal. True, he did not run away anywhere, and the essence of the scandal with him was as follows.
Before 1975 world champion was a former Soviet citizen, and now an American, Robert Fischer, who 1972 defeated the Soviet chess player Boris Spassky. However, soon after that, the star of a new grandmaster, Anatoly Karpov, on whom the Soviet authorities pinned great hopes, rose on the horizon of Soviet chess. Firstly, he was extremely talented, and secondly, he was all right with the “fifth” point (he was Russian, while most Soviet chess players are Jews). As a result, in 1975 Karpov challenged Fischer. But he was afraid to meet him.
As a result, in the spring 75th FIDE awarded the victory to the Soviet chess player. However, he considered this victory to some extent flawed and cherished the hope of proving to the world that he rightfully owns the chess crown. To do this, he needed to persuade Fischer to meet him in a full-time duel. It was this question that became the reason for their first (there will be several more) meetings. July 26, 1976 in Tokyo, where Karpov stopped on his way from the Philippines, where he participated in an international tournament.
Meanwhile, the Soviet leaders did not share Karpov's desire to face Fischer in a duel. They feared a repeat of the story with Boris Spassky, who was also confident in his victory over the American, but in the end lost the championship title to him in 1972, which was used by the Americans as an important pretext for the next ideological attacks on the USSR. In the case of Karpov, the Soviet leaders feared a repetition of just such a scenario. Which, of course, could not satisfy Karpov himself, who saw in such an approach a frank expression of doubts about his unconditional talent.
Meanwhile 11th August The head of the USSR Sports Committee, Sergei Pavlov, wrote a secret note to the Central Committee of the CPSU. Here are just a few excerpts from it:
“Currently, A. Karpov, as an athlete, expresses a certain interest in holding a match, since R. Fischer, in his opinion, is the only outstanding foreign chess player with whom he has not yet played, and a match with Fischer can arouse considerable interest chess community.
However, according to the Sports Committee, the current situation in the international chess movement shows that holding such a match in 1976-1977. can cause more negative moments that will seriously affect the official system for identifying the world chess champion...
As you know, last year Fischer avoided a match with Karpov for the world title. There is reason to believe that he will also refuse to participate in official competitions for the title of world champion in the coming cycle, replacing these competitions with the mentioned match with Karpov ...
Fischer chose a very advantageous moment tactically. He clearly imagines that Karpov, after being declared world champion, did not engage in in-depth theoretical work, and in the remaining two years it will be impossible for him to successfully prepare and perform in two uncompromising competitions, each of which must last at least three months. At the same time, of course, Fischer also takes into account the fact that if he loses, he practically loses nothing, while the loss of Karpov will not only discredit him as a world champion to some extent, but will also inflict psychological trauma on him, as happened with B Spassky…”
Meanwhile, these were not the last intrigues against Karpov. For example, coach Alexander Nikitin, who informed Moscow about the meeting between Karpov and Fischer, initiated the idea to collect a dossier on Karpov and coordinated this issue with the KGB, as well as with Deputy Minister of Sports Ivonin (he was in charge of international chess affairs). However, this initiative could not be kept secret - the Leningrad translator Aleksandrovich, who helped Nikitin to systematize texts from the foreign press, quickly realized what a dirty business he was doing, and told Karpov about it, since he also lived in Leningrad then. Let's listen to the story of the chess player himself:
“I went to the capital, to the sports committee to the Minister of Sports Pavlov, and told him about the dossier and how Karpov“ sells ”his title to the Americans. He was not aware of the matter and immediately called the chess federation to Nikitin, who, as I remember now, went out ... for milk. Finally Nikitin was found. I was still sitting at Pavlov's and therefore heard their conversation over the speakerphone. “For whom are you preparing a file on Karpov?” the minister asked. Nikitin was taken aback and replied: "Sergey Pavlovich, you have been misled." “Write an explanation,” Pavlov ordered and hung up. And the next day, a memorandum was received from Nikitin addressed to Pavlov: “Being taken by surprise by the minister’s question, I did not dare to answer directly and, as a result, misinformed him about whether materials were being collected on Karpov.”
It is clear that after such a conflict between Nikitin and the minister, it was not necessary to make special efforts to get him fired. Subsequently, this was presented as Karpov's reprisal against Kasparov's coach. It's funny, because few people knew about Harry then, he was only 13 years old ... "
Meanwhile, the Central Committee of the CPSU agreed with the opinion of the Sports Committee. Karpov was stung by this refusal: it turned out that not only in the West, but also on Staraya Square, they doubted his strength and power. That's why October 1 the chess player sent another message to the head of the Sports Committee Pavlov about this. Here are just a few excerpts from it:
“I am convinced that my meeting with Fischer (official or unofficial) is inevitable for at least two reasons:
a) Fischer never appeared on the near-chess horizon as a dummy - always after his appearance he began an active practical chess activity;
b) there is information that at present Fischer is determined to start playing in chess competitions ...
I prepared very carefully for the match with Fischer in 1975... Realistically and as objectively as possible, I can say that, on the one hand, I am confident in my abilities, and on the other, I have no reason to avoid meeting with an American at the chessboard. Our Motherland needs a chess king, and not, as the foreign press writes, “a prince endowed with royal powers”…
Without overestimating my abilities in the least, I am convinced today, just as I was convinced 1.5 years ago, that I have every chance of succeeding in the match against Fischer. I consider it necessary to resolve the issue of its organization ... "
As we now know, in this behind-the-scenes duel, victory will go to Karpov, who will still achieve the right to play against Fischer. And he will win this match, proving to all doubters that at the moment he is the strongest chess player in the world.
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From the book History of Political and Legal Doctrines: A Textbook for Universities author Team of authorsKarpov Anatoly Evgenievich was born on May 23, 1951 in Zlatoust, Chelyabinsk region, in a family of hereditary workers.
Father - Evgeny Stepanovich Karpov (1918-1979), was an engineer at a machine-building plant.
Mother - Karpova Nina Grigorievna (born in 1920), worked as an economist at the same plant.
Wife - Bulanova Natalya Vladimirovna (born in 1964).
Son - Karpov Anatoly Anatolyevich (born in 1979).
Daughter - Karpova Sofya Anatolyevna (born in 1999).
Multiple world champion, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, International Grandmaster, President of the International Association of Peace Foundations.
Anatoly Karpov started playing chess at the age of 6 and already at the age of 11 he fulfilled the norm of a candidate for master of sports, becoming vice-champion of the Chelyabinsk region among adults.
In 1965, A. Karpov's father was appointed chief engineer of the Tula plant "Stamp", and the family moved to Tula.
1966 Anatoly received the title of Master of Sports of the USSR.
In 1968 he graduated with a gold medal from the mathematical class of the Tula school No. 20 and entered the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics of Moscow State University.
In 1969 he became the world champion among youths and in the same year he was transferred to the Faculty of Economics of the Leningrad State University, from which he graduated in 1978.
While still a student 1970, Anatoly Karpov becomes the champion of Russia, receives the title of grandmaster.
March 1978 Anatoly Karpov worked as a junior research fellow at the Research Institute for Comprehensive Social Research at the Leningrad State University.
In 1980, he held the positions of junior researcher, senior researcher at the Department of Political Economy of the Humanities Faculties of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov.
1973 he begins the fight for the world championship, which continues without interruption for a quarter of a century. This struggle began with an interzonal tournament and then with candidates' matches with grandmasters L. Polugaevsky, ex-world champion B. Spassky and V. Korchnoi. The overall result of those meetings; 20 wins, 3 losses, 37 draws and the right to meet in a match with the eleventh world champion American R. Fischer. However, the latter refused to obey the FIDE rules and come to the match.
1975 April 3, FIDE President M. Euwe, Anatoly Karpov was declared the twelfth world champion. A. E. Karpov twice defeated V. Korchnoi with a total score of 12: 7 (1978, 1981) in world championship matches.
Since 1984, Karpov entered into a long struggle with a young talented compatriot Garry Kasparov. The first match (1984-1985) ended with a score of +5-3=40. The struggle of rivals continued for a decade in five dramatic matches, to which the attention of chess fans and the world community was riveted. Garry Kasparov won three matches, one ended in a draw. The score of effective games in five matches Karpov - Kasparov - 19:21.
During the period 1974 and further 1987-1992, A. Karpov played nine candidates' matches, of which he won eight, losing one in 1992 to the Englishman N. Short and missing the opportunity to meet G. Kasparov for the sixth time. The match between Anatoly Karpov and the finalist of the competition, the Dutch Grandmaster J. Timman, ended in a convincing victory for Karpov (+6, -2, =13). Three years later, A. Karpov met in another match for the world championship with the winner of the qualifying competitions, the American grandmaster G. Kamsky, and confirmed his title of world champion (game score: + 6, - 3, = 19). The fight for the world championship in 1998 by Indian grandmaster V. Anand ended in additional games in favor of A. Karpov: + 2 - 0 (six games of the main game: + 2 - 2 = 2). The match was held at the Olympic Sports Museum in Lausanne (Switzerland). Leading a long-term struggle for the individual world championship, Karpov simultaneously actively and successfully participated in many other official individual and team championships and championships, national and international tournaments, and achieved record results in them, in comparison with all the strongest chess players in the world, results.
The most important achievements in chess:
A.E. Karpov is an Honored Master of Sports of the USSR and an International Grandmaster.
16 times world champion (8 times personally, 8 times as part of a team) 1975, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1988, 1993, 1996, 1998 (+ in rapid chess)
8 times European champion (1988, 1996) (individual + team)
11 years recognized as the best chess player of the year in the world
Winner of 11 Chess Oscars
The winner of the personal championships of the USSR (1976, 1983 and 1988)
Champion of the RSFSR (1970)
World Student Champion (1971 and 1972)
Junior World Champion (1969)
European Youth Champion (1967 - 1968)
He won in 167 tournaments and matches (starting with the title of master of sports).
As part of the teams, he won the following titles: champion of the world student Olympiads (1971, 1972);
champion of the World Olympiads (1972, 1974, 1980, 1982, 1986, 1988);
European champion (1973, 1977, 1980, 1983);
world champion (1985, 1989);
the winner of the match was the USSR national team - the world team (1984);
winner of the match-tournament of the USSR national teams (1981);
winner of the Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR (1982);
winner of the European Club Teams Cup (1986).
Anatoly Karpov is the winner of 167 chess tournaments of the highest category (according to FIDE rating).
Let us note some of them: Moscow 1971, 1981, Hastings 1971 - 1972, San Antonio 1972, Milan 1975, Tilburg 1977, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1993, Bugoino 1978, 1986, Montreal 1979, Amsterdam 1980 , Linares 1981, 1994, Turin 1982, London 1984, Reykjavik 1991, Bill 1992, 1996, Dos Hermandos 1993, 1995, Groningen 1995, Vienna 1996. Total A.E. Karpov has played over 2,000 games and has the best (record) result among previously played and currently playing world champions. International Association of Chess Press 11 times recognized as the best chess player of the year and was awarded prizes "Oscar".
More than 50 games played by him were recognized as the best games of the year or the best, most beautiful games of the competition.
Repeatedly included in the Guinness Book of Records.
A.E. Karpov - member of the Union of Journalists of the Russian Federation, is the author of 59 (of which 56 are on chess) books, collections and textbooks, published and translated into many languages of the world. A.E. Karpov was the chief editor of the Encyclopedic Chess Dictionary (1990).
The chess creativity of Anatoly Karpov is the object of research by numerous authors in Russia and other countries who have dedicated their monographs to him. Author of numerous magazine and newspaper articles on socio-political, economic and social topics. A.E. Karpov makes a great contribution to the development, organization and popularization of the mass chess movement in Russia, near and far abroad countries. With his direct participation, chess clubs were opened and are being opened, chess is being introduced into the school curriculum. For the first time, chess was included in the program of the World Youth Games - Moscow - 98. He is a co-chairman of the commission "Chess and Education" of the Russian Chess Federation. Honorary Member of the Austrian Chess Federation, Honorary Member of the USA Chess Federation.
Honorary Member of the Swiss Chess Federation, Honorary Member of the German Chess Federation A.E. 
Karpov is:
Co-Chairman of the Coordinating Council for the Development of Children's Chess under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation;
Chairman of the Organizing Committee and President of the All-Russian competitions “Belaya Ladya;
Co-Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Ivanovo International Boarding School;
Chairman of the Council - President of the Mikhail Botvinnik Interregional Public Fund;
Vice President of the International Russian Chess Federation;
President of the Organizing Committee of the World Children's Chess Olympiad;
Chairman of the Council of the chess school "Children of Chernobyl";
Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the International Festival "Chess in Schools".
A.E. Karpov has been a well-known public figure in the country and in the world for over 30 years, he was elected a member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League, a People's Deputy of the USSR (1989-1991).
Since 2004 member of the Presidential Council for Culture;
Since 2006, he has been a deputy. Chairman of the Commission on Ecological Safety and Environmental Protection of the Public Chamber under the President of the Russian Federation;
Since 2007, member of the Public Council under the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation;
Since 2007 President of the Russian Ecological Fund "TEHECO".
World fame and personal authority of A.E. Karpov among statesmen and the public of many countries help to attract partners from Australia, Western and Eastern Europe, the USA and other countries to cooperate with the International Association of Peace Foundations. He has repeatedly acted and takes initiatives on peacekeeping, charity and humanitarian cooperation at international conferences, forums, congresses, within the framework of the UN (Chernobyl programs, environmental safety - Brazil -93), at the ANC Congress for South Africa, UNESCO (Great Silk Road project ).
In connection with the 50th anniversary of the UN, Anatoly Karpov handed over to the Secretary General B.B. Gali for eternal storage in the UN Museum, a consolidated volume of the Book of Memory of the fallen during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. With his active and direct participation, meetings were held between representatives of the public of Azerbaijan and Armenia on the problem of Nagorno-Karabakh, the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict, the first captured soldiers from Afghanistan were released, houses of peace and friendship were created in the largest cities of Russia.
Since 1982 - Chairman of the Board of the Soviet Peace Fund, and after its reorganization in 1992 - President of the International Association of Peace Funds, which unites the peace funds of the CIS and Baltic countries and a number of public organizations in other countries. The International Association of Peace Foundations (IAPM) under the leadership of A.E. Karpov received high international recognition: the status of an associate member of the UN department, the honorary title of the UN "Messenger of Peace".
On April 10, 1998, Anatoly Evgenievich was awarded the Honorary title of Ambassador of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNISEF) for Russia, the CIS countries and Eastern Europe.
Since 1989, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the International Non-Governmental Humanitarian Organization "Chernobyl - Help";
Since 1999, member of the board of the All-Russian Board of Trustees of the Criminal Correctional System (GUIN of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation);
Since 1999 he has been a consultant of the Committee for Culture of the State Duma of the Russian Federation;
Since 2001 President of the International Organization for Nuclear Disarmament (Switzerland);
Since 2001 Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Roerich Foundation;
Since 2003 Chairman of the Coordinating Council of the Russian Environmental Fund TECHECO (since 2007 - President).
By decision of the Government Commission for issuing permits for the use of the names "Russia", "Russian Federation" No. P6-4 dated April 24, 1998, the Fund was allowed to use the name "Russian". The participation of the Fund in the implementation of the Federal Target Program "Destruction of stockpiles of chemical weapons in the Russian Federation" involves the implementation of the proposed, for the first time in world practice, environmentally friendly, integrated technological schemes for the in-depth processing and detoxification of lewisite into the source material (highly pure arsenic N6-N7), suitable for the production of civilian products.
Since 2004, on a voluntary basis - Public Relations Advisor to the Chairman of the Federation Council of the Russian Federation S.M. Mironova;
Since 2005 Chairman of the International European Committee for Awards and Prizes;
Since 2007 Member of the Public Council under the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation;
Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Charitable Foundation of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker;
Member of the Presidium of the All-Russian public organization "League of the Health of the Nation";
He was the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the international charitable program "New Names";
Member of the Moscow Intellectual Business Club;
Honorary President for Charity of the Scientific Association of the Disabled of Chernobyl;
Member of the Board of Trustees of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov On the initiative of A.E. Karpov in a number of regions of Russia, hospitals and departments were built at the expense of the Association of Peace Funds for Veterans and Disabled War veterans. Centers for the protection of mothers and children have been equipped, recreational activities are held annually for many children from areas of environmental disasters, assistance is provided to the Ivanovo International Boarding School, other children's educational and medical institutions. The Fund created an electronic database of losses of the Soviet people during the Great Patriotic War. In the course of work on the creation of a data bank, more than 24 million archival files were processed. Funds were allocated for the restoration of the spiritual centers of Russia - Optina Pustyn, Donskoy Monastery, Valaam, etc.
A.E. Karpov, from his personal funds, provides assistance to: the Children's Home, victims of the Chernobyl accident, gifted young musicians of the New Names program (in the past). For the 14th year in a row, personal scholarships have been awarded to young chess players.
For outstanding achievements in the development of Russian and world chess, social activities A.E. Karpov was awarded:
- 1978 of the Red Banner of Labor;
- 1981 Order of Lenin;
- 2001 "For services to the Fatherland" III degree;
- 1996 Honorary Diploma of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation No. 1;
- 1996. Personal gratitude of the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin;
- 2000, 2002 Personal thanks of the President of the Russian Federation VV Putin;
- 2001 Olympic Order of 2002 "For Merit" III degree (Ukraine);
- 2006 "For Merit" II degree (Ukraine);
- 2004 "For exceptional achievements in sports" (Republic of Cuba);
- 2004 Order of May 5, 1st class (Argentina), Commander of the Order of Independence, Grand Gold Medal of Paris, Medals of Honor of Le Havre, La Rochelle, Cannes, Belfort, Lyon (France);
- 1996 Holy Right-Believing Prince Daniel of Moscow, II degree; 2001, Sergei Radonezhsky, II degree;
- 1997 medal named after K.E. Tsiolkovsky Federation of Cosmonautics of the Russian Federation;
- 1991 and 2001 medals "For strengthening the criminal - correctional system of the Russian Federation" II and I degree; - 1997, badge of the 1st degree of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
A.E. Karpov Honorary Professor:
1997 Chuvash State University;
2000 Honorary Doctor of the Russian State Social University;
2001 Moscow State University (MGU);
2001 St. Petersburg State University;
2003 Bethami College, Kansas State (USA); Academician, Professor of the International Academy of Informatization, Academician of the Academy of Security, Law and Order, Academician of the International Academy of Science and Business Integration.
Streets in the cities of Valencia and Las Palmas (Spain) are named after Karpov.
A.E. Karpov honorary citizen of the cities:
- 1979 Chrysostom;
- 1979 Orsk;
- 1997 Tula;
- 1979 Serbs (Ukraine, Odessa region);
- 1994 Molodechno (Belarus);
- 2003 Chelyabinsk region;
- 1992 Honorary Texan (USA);
- 2005 Valjevo (Serbia and Montenegro, lives and works in Moscow).
2004 - Member of the Presidential Council for Culture;
2006 - Deputy Chairman of the Commission on Ecological Safety and Environmental Protection of the Public Chamber;
2007 - President of the Russian Environmental Fund "TEHECO";
2007 - Member of the Public Council under the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation;
1982 - 2009 - Chairman of the Board of the Soviet Peace Foundation (now the International Association of Peace Foundations).
The Soviet and Russian chess player Anatoly Karpov became the twelfth world champion in 1975 as a result of strange circumstances: his main rival, the American grandmaster Bobby Fischer, refused a match with him and thus Karpov was declared the winner for the champion title. All his attempts to play against Fischer at least outside of FIDE were unsuccessful. Karpov is the only world champion who has never played with an ex-champion. This does not detract from the mass of his merits as an international grandmaster, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, three-time world champion and FIDE. And this is only a small part of his titles received over the years. However, his merits did not always contribute to the well-being of family life: the first wife of Anatoly Karpov could not come to terms with the share of the wife of a chess player.
Anatoly Karpov and Irina Kuimova dated for five years before they got married. She was a girl from a good family, the daughter of a high-ranking military officer, serene and homely. Probably, the always thoughtful chess player seemed to her a person suitable for a quiet family life. In 1979, the young couple had a son, named Anatoly in honor of his father. Everything would be in order if Anatoly was constantly at home, with his wife and child. But his career required frequent long-term absences, and this upset Irina, who was not allowed by the laws of the USSR to travel with her husband abroad. In 1982, this marriage broke up and Irina almost immediately married a pediatrician: a homebody, passionate about the affairs and concerns of the family. Anatoly Evgenievich occasionally communicates with his son, but does not find it necessary to share his impressions of him in the media: Anatoly is in perfect order, he arranges his own fate and that is enough.
In 1983, Karpov met the Moscow beauty Natalya Bulanova. The chess player’s relationship with her also developed rather slowly: they met, talked, but got married only in 1987. Natalia, a graduate of the Institute of History and Archives, worked at the Russian State Lenin Library. After their marriage, the opportunity to accompany her husband on business trips abroad became available and Natalya often went with Anatoly to competitions. She saw the world, but, while staying at home in Russia, she found the strength to patiently wait for her husband to return from trips: she became interested in art, began to organize painting exhibitions, and support young talents. In 1990, their daughter Sophia was born.
The spouses have a lot of common interests: ballroom dancing, competitions in which they attend with pleasure and sometimes they themselves show high class, Japanese cuisine, and much more. Natalia, as a historian, pays attention to her husband's hobby: philately, and he has a collection of stamps from many countries, worth 13 million euros, and helps with advice. In 2016, the daughter of Anatoly and Natalia went to 11th grade. State Duma deputy Karpov told the media that she was going to devote herself to the activities of a journalist. The wife of Anatoly Karpov devotes all her main time to taking care of the affairs of her husband and daughter.
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